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TRANSACTIONS AND PROCEEDINGS
tf
OF THE
ROHL SOCIETY of SOUTH AUSTRALIA
(INCORPORATED).
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aT
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EDITED BY WALTER HOWCHIN, F.GS.
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Page.
Howenin, W.: The Occurrence of the Genus Cryptozoén in
the (?) Cambrian of Australia. Plates i. to v.
Frreuson, E. W.: Notes on the Amycterides in the South
ean Museum, with ppp of New Ree
art 1
CHeEwines, Dr. C.: Tae on the cele oe of Coir
Australia. (Communicated by Walter Howchin.)
Bererotu, Dr. E.: On an Hemipterous Insect from an ae
tralian Opossum’s Nest. (Communicated by A. M. Lea.)
Dopp, A. P.: Australian Hymenoptera Pr Searles.
No. 2. (Communicated by A.M: Lea.).”.:.
Lea, A. M.: Notes on Australian Cetonides; with a List of
Species and enna of New Reales Plates vi. to
xlli.
Carter, H. oe Noics on ee ticle in ike shail hues
tralian Museum, collected by A. M. Lea, with
Descriptions of New Species ...
Rogers, Dr. R. S.: Additions to the Dre Aduecous are of
South Australia. Plates xiv. and xv. se
TuRNER, Dr. A. J.: On some Moths from Melville oe
Bathurst Islands in the South Australian Museum
Lea, A. M.: Notes on some Miscellaneous Coleoue with
Descr iptions of New Species. Plate xvi.
Asuton, H.: Catalogue of the Cicadide in the South ie
tralian Museum, with Descriptions of New Species.
Plate xvii. (Communicated by A. M. Lea.)
Rocers, Dr. R. S.: Additions to Australian Orchidaceous
Plants. Plate xvili. ei be aon Lan
Torr, C. M.: Radule of some South ees Gatien opoda.
Plates xix and xx. (Communicated by Dr. J. C. Verco.)
Carter, H. J.: Notes on Australian Tenebrionide, with
Descriptions of New Species ... ae
Wuitz, 8. A., and Others: Scientific Notes on an ceeenase
into the Interior of Australia, carried out by Captain
Sa, White. . Plates xxi. to xxxix. and Map:==
(a) Narrative, by S. A. WHITE ... 4 oN
(b) Mammalia, by KE. R. Warte...
(c) Aves, by S. A. WuHttE on
(d) Eomach Contents of Birds, by A. M. Lea
(e) Lacertilia, by F. R. Zrerz ...
(f) Ophidia, Amphibia, and Pisces, ie E. R. iene
(g) Mollusca, by E. H. Matruews oa Ne
(h) Crustacea, by W. H. BaKxer
(1) Arachnida, by R. H. PuLLerne
418
439
440
445
446
446
447
CONTENTS (ContrnueEp).
(7) Insecta :—
Coleoptera, by A. M. Lea
Lepidoptera : —
hopalocera, by G. A. WATERHOUSE
Heterocera, by Dr. A.. J. TURNER ...
Hymenoptera, by W. W. Froeeatr
(k) Botany, by J. M. Brack
(lt) Analyses of Samples of Water fem Rares sd
Springs, Great Australian Artesian Basin, by
W. S. CHAPMAN ;
L. K. Warp
ABSTRACT OF PROCEEDINGS
ANNUAL REPORT
BALANCE-SHEETS
Donations to LispRARY
List or FELLowsS, ETc.
APPENDICES—
Wield Naturalists’ Section: Annual Report, ete.
. 448
with Notes on the same, by
488,
Twenty-sixth Annual Report of the Native Fauna and
Flora Protection Committee of the Field Naturalists’
Section of the Royal Society aoe Ae
Malacological Section :
INDEX
Annual Report, ae
455
455
459
460
472
475
485
489
490
507
510
516
519
520
THE
Transactions
OF
The Royal Society of South Australia.
Vol. XXXVIII.
THE OCCURRENCE OF THE GENUS CRYPTOZOON IN THE
(2) CAMBRIAN OF AUSTRALIA.
By Watter Howcuin, F.G.S., Lecturer in Geology and
Paleontology, University of Adelaide.
[Read April 2, 1914. ]
Piates I. to V.
A few months ago Mr. Charles Chewings, Ph.D., for-
warded to me from Central Australia a few specimens of a
fossiliferous limestone which he thought might be of interest.
The organic remains in the limestone being, for the most part,
less soluble than the matrix, had weathered into strong relief
and thereby exposed both the outline and structure of the
fossils in a way very favourable for observation. The very
striking resemblance which these forms bore to the obscure
fossil, long known to American geologists from the lower
Paleozoic rocks as Cryptozoén, was at once apparent.
Photographs were taken of several of the specimens and
forwarded to Dr. Charles Walcott, the Secretary of the Smith-
sonian Institution (who has an intimate knowledge of Cam-
brian paleontology), for his opinion. Dr. Walcott confirmed
the determination that the objects belonged to the genus re-
ferred to, and passed the photographs on to Mr. Bassler, the
Curator of Palzontology in the United States National
Museum. Mr. Bassler, in a communication which he kindly
favoured me with on the subject, says: “Your photographs
represent undoubtedly a new species distinguished from all
the other known forms by the fact that the ‘heads’ are separate
and column-like instead of confluent as in most of the other
2
species. New species similar to this one are known in the
lowest Ordovician (Beekmantown) formations of the United
States, and it is barely possible that, on account of the
similarity, your specimens are from the same horizon.”’
The genus (Cryptozoén) was established by Professor
James Hall, in 1884.0) MHall’s description has been quoted,
an extenso, by Dr. Walcott.) As the literature on the sub-
jects is limited and not very accessible, it may be found useful
to reproduce Hall’s description here : —
“In the town of Greenfield, Saratoga County, there occurs
a bed of limestone which presents a very remarkable appear-
ance, the surface being nearly covered by closely arranged
circular or sub-circular discs which are made up of concentric
laminz, closely resembling in general aspect the structure of
Stromatopora. It very often happens that within these larger
discs there occur two or more smaller ones, each with its own
concentric structure and exterior limitation, and appearing
as if budding from the parent mass. A farther examination
shows that the entire form of these masses is hemispheric
or turbinate, with the broadest face exposed upon the upper
surface of the limestone layer; that their growth has begun
from a point below, and, rapidly expanding upwards, has
often extended one or two feet in diameter, as now shown
upon the exposed surface of the limestone bed. At a single
exposure on the farm of Mr. Hoyt, the surface of the limestone
is covered by these bodies for many rods in extent. The entire
area of the cellar beneath the house of Mr. Hoyt is upon this
bed of limestone closely covered by these hemispheric masses
with concentric structure. For a distance of one or two miles
to the southward the outcrop of the limestone can be traced,
and everywhere presenting the same characters in the presence
of these masses. Large numbers of specimens of various sizes
have been weathered out and lie scattered over the surface.
This fossil has also been found at Little Falls, Herkimer
County, New York.
“These bodies have long been known under the name of
Stromatopora, from their general resemblance in form and
structure to that fossil; but their position in reference to
the bedding of the rock is uniformly the reverse of that. of
Stromatopore, which occur in the higher limestones, growing
from a broad base which is covered by an epitheca, while
these bodies under consideration grow upward and expand
_ (@)Thirty-sixth Ann. Rept. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.,
description of pl. vi.
_(2)Smithsonian Miscell. Coll., vol. lvii., No. 9. Jdem, pl.
xxxvil., photo. of C. proliferum, by Dr. Walcott.
3
from a point below, while the convex surface is on the lower
side. A careful examination of the nature of these bodies
proves that, while having the concentric structure common to
Stromatopora, they have not the regular succession of layers
of tubuli characteristic of the species of that genus and cannot
properly be included under that term. I therefore propose
the term Cryptozoén as a designation for this peculiar form
and mode of growth which will be more fully elucidated in
the future.”
Hall recognized but one species (Cryptozoén proliferum),
which he defined in the following terms : —
“These bodies are made up of irregular, concentric
laminz of greater or less density and of very unequal thick-
ness. The substance between the concentric lines, in well-
preserved specimens, is traversed by numerous, minute, ir-
regular canaliculi which branch and anastomose without
regularity. The central portion of the masses are usually
filled with crystalline, granular, and oolitic material, and
many specimens show the intrusion of these extraneous and
inorganic substances between the concentric lamine. That
these are intrusions and not inclusions, is shown from the
fact that they can be traced to a vertical fissure or break
leading to the exterior of the fossil, and which allowed the
crystalline matter to enter.”
Sir William Dawson examined specimens from the type
locality and has published () the following additional observ-
ations : — |
“Thin slices, from specimens kindly presented to the
Peter Redpath Museum by Professor Hall, show that the
primary lamine are thin and apparently carbonaceous, as if
originally of a corneous or membranous character, and they
are usually finely crumpled as if by lateral pressure, while
they can occasionally be seen to divide into two laminze with
intervening coarsely cellular structure. The thick intermediate
layers which separate these primary laminze are composed of
grains of calcareous, dolomitic, and siliceous matter, in some
specimens with much fine carbonaceous material. This last,
under a high power in thin slices, is seen to present the
appearance of a fine network or stroma in which the inorganic
particles are entangled. The canals traversing these inter-
mediate layers appear to be mere perforations without distinct
walls, and are filled with transparent, calcareous matter,
which renders them, under a proper light, sufficiently distinct
(3) Note on Cryptozoén and other Ancient Fossils. Canadian
Record of Science, vol. vii., No. 4 (October, 1896), p. 205.
B2
4
from the grey granular intermediate matter which they tra-
verse. So far as observed, the canals are confined to the inter-
mediate layers, and do not seem to penetrate the primary
lamine, though these sometimes present a reticulated appear-
ance, and seem to have occasional spaces in them which may
have been communicating pores or orifices.”’
In the same paper from which the above descriptions have
been taken, Dawson describes two additional species : —(@)
Cryptozoén boreale.—‘‘Consists of a mass of cylindrical
or turbinate branches, proceeding from a centre and also
budding laterally from each other. Each branch shows a
series of laminz concave upward. The spaces between the
thin laminz are filled with a very fine granular material in
which are canals, less frequent, straighter, and more nearly
parallel to the lamine than in the typical species. This
species is remarkable for the slender and coral-like shape of
its branches.”’ The specimens were obtained at Lake St. John,
Quebec, in rocks of Trenton (Ordovician) age.
Cryptozoén occidentale.—This species was described from
imperfectly preserved specimens obtained from the Grand
Canyon, in Arizona, and from rocks which have been classed
as “Pre-Cambrian”’ (corresponding to the Kewenian of Lake
Superior, and the Etcheminian of southern New Brunswick),
and therefore belonging to the lowest known fossiliferous
horizon. Dr. Dawson says: “Though most of them were im-
perfectly preserved, one of them exhibited the concentric
laminz of Cryptozoén, and the intermediate layers composed
of microscopic grains which were ascertained by Dr. Adams
to be partly siliceous and partly calcareous (dolomite and
calcite). Instead of the irregular curving canals of the typical
Cryptozodn, where best preserved they show ragged cells,
giving off on all sides numerous small tortuous and branching
canals, but their structure I regard as possibly corresponding
to that of Cryptozoén, and I would therefore venture to name
the species C. occidentale in hope of the discovery of better
specimens. ’’
Two other doubtful determinations may be mentioned
on the authority of Dr. Dawson.(5) In 1885, Professor N. H.
Winchill named a Stromatopora-like form C. minnesotense,
from the Upper Cambrian of Minnesota; and Dr. Dawson
named another form from the Calciferous (Lower Ordovician)
of Lachute, Province of Quebec, but the author states: “I can-
not positively affirm that this is a distinct species, but may
provisionally name it, C. lachutense.”’
(4) Loc. cit., pp.’ 207 and 208, figs. 1-3.
(5) Loc. cit., p. 206.
5
Archeozoin. The objects obtained by Dr. G. F. Matthew
from the Pre-Cambrian limestones of St. John, New Bruns-
wick, Canada, and named by him Archeozodn acadiense,® ap-
pear to be the same, or very similar, organism as Hall’s Crypto-
zoén, the chief difference being that while in Cryptozoén the
laminz are concave to the direction of growth, in Arch@ozoén
they are convex. This, however, may be of slight morpho-
logical importance, and may indicate a difference of not more
than specific value, if even it be that.
The zoological position of this ancient organism is 1ill-
defined and cannot, at present, be satisfactorily determined.
In the first instance, and for some time after their discovery,
they were regarded as Stromatoporoid in their affinities with
probable relationships with the Hydrozoa. Later, when the
microscopical structure was investigated, Dawson was led to
believe that they were more nearly related to the Rhizopodal
Protozoa. He says: “If we endeavour in imagination to
restore these curious organisms, the task is a very difficult one.
They, no doubt, grew on the sea-bottom, and must have had
great powers of assimilation and increase in bulk. Still, it
must be borne in mind that they were largely made up of
inorganic particles collected from the mud and fine sand in
process of deposition. The amount of actual organic matter
in the hard parts, even of large specimens, is not very great,
and the soft living material, if they were animal, must have
been confined to the canals and to the exterior surfaces.
‘““As the only marine animals known to accumulate foreign
matter in this manner are the Protozoa of the Rhizopod type,
one naturally turns to them for analogies, and perhaps species
of the genus Loftusia most nearly resemble them in general
arrangement.” (7)
When Dawson gave these descriptions the relatively large
organisms, Loftusia and Parkeria, as well as the much-dis-
cussed Hozoén, were regarded as Foraminifera. Since then,
the first two mentioned have been classed with the Hydrozoa,
and the third has been relegated to the inorganic world.
Cryptozoén is of gigantic size, even when compared with
the largest of all known Foraminifera, and its internal struc-
ture is by no means conclusive of a relationship to these or
any other section of the Protozoa. The large proportion which
the mineral constituents bear to the whole structure is sug-
gestive of an animal rather than a vegetable origin, although
(6)G. F. Matthew, Presid. Add. Nat. His. Soc. of New Bruns-
wick, Bull. ix., p. 32 (1891) also, same author, Note on Arche@ozoén,
age oul xxv. (vol. v.), p. 547 (1906). Sir W. Dawson, loc. cit.,
2. ’ .
(Loc, cit., p. 209.
6
the possibility of their being related to the calcareous Alge
must be considered. The testaceous Protozoa are not pro-
minently developed in the lower. Paleozoic rocks, and when
they do occur are, mostly, inconspicuous. On the other hand,
Cryptozoén reached, relatively, gigantic proportions. Dawson
says: “The larger masses are from one to two feet in diameter.’”
It seems probable that Cryptozoén is a primitive type that
does not closely accord with any of our existing phyla, but
may be an ancestral form of the Stromatoporoidea, or some
other group of the calcareous Hydrozoa. The silicification of
the fossils is undoubtedly pseudomorphic in its origin. They
were, no doubt, originally calcareous, and in the case of one
species, described in this paper, the silicification is present
only to a very limited degree.
In dealing with so ancient an organism of doubtful affinities
it is difficult to determine what particular features are of
specific value. The Australian specimens exhibit a close re-
semblance to the generic type, but appear to be distinguish-
able from all hitherto described species in some particulars.
CRYPTOZOON AUSTRALICUM, sp. nov.
Plates i. and ii.
Skeleton consists of columnar growths which, in transverse
sections, are circular or sub-circular. Average diameter of
columns, # in.; with a range of variation from i in.
to 2 in. in diameter. No peripheral wall. Each column
is built up of closely-set lamine, of varying thickness, which
are either concave or convex to the direction of growth.)
The lamine are situated about one millimetre apart (about
25 laminz to the inch), and are sometimes crenulated or wavy.
The laminz, which in the fossil condition comprise the entire
skeleton, consist of earthy or siliceous material which is not
acted upon by acids, and under a magnifying lens exhibits a
very minute labyrinthic or spongiform structure. The spaces
between the lamine are filled with a fine, granular, calcareous
material identical with the rock mass in which the fossils are
embedded. As a rule the columns are separate and exhibit
a regular parallelism of growth.
(8) The fragmentary condition of the specimens make this point
somewhat uncertain, as it is at times difficult to. determine which
is the right way up of the columns. It is assumed, however, that
the thicker end of the column is the growing end, and, on this
evidence, where it is available, it would appear that the laminze
may take either an upward or downward curve, or be flat in the
centre and then turned either upwards or downwards when
approaching the periphery of the column. These variations may
prove to be only accidents of growth.
7
The relative insolubility of the fossils, in ‘comparison with
the matrix, has led to their weathering out in strong relief.
It is highly probable that the original skeleton of the organism
was calcareous, and that the present form is that of a siliceous
pseudomorph, in a similar way that many of the Archwocya-
thine, in the Cambrian of South Australia, are preserved in
the form of siliceous casts. The interlaminar spaces, now filled
with the rock matrix, may possibly represent the chambers
that contained the protoplasmic material of the living organ-
ism; or, otherwise, some portions of the skeleton that failed
to fossilize.
The present species differs from the type (C. proliferum,
Hall) in the greater independence of the columns, and also
in their more regular arrangement.
CRYPTOZOON TESSELLATUM, sp. nov.
Plates 111. and iv.
Among the specimens sent down by Dr. Chewings are
three which possess features somewhat different from those
just described. In this form the columns are almost en-
tirely calcareous, and vary greatly both as to size and shape.
In transverse sections they may be circular, sub-circular,
quadrate, angular, or irregular in form, and are frequently
confluent and branching. Notwithstanding their great di-
versity of shape they maintain a very regular arrangement
in relation to each other, the intercolumnar spaces being
uniform throughout. This form of growth, together with the
fact that the fossils and the limestone matrix weather uni-
formly, gives a curious tessellated or mosaic appearance to the
specimens. So far as can be determined from the limited
material at command the laminz of the columns are similar to
those described in the preceding species.
The distinctive features in the present species are the
irregular shape of the columns, their frequent bifurcation
and confluence, and the regularity of the intercolumuar space.
As all the spcimens at command are fragments, it is im-
possible to determine what may have been the shape of the
“organism in its aggregate or compound form.
LoOcALITY AND MoprE oF OCCURRENCE.
The locality where Dr. Chewings discovered the fossils
described in this paper was near the eastern end of the South
‘MacDonnell Ranges, on the north side of the mail road from
Alice Springs to Arltunga, midway between Mount Benstead
and Love’s Creek station.
In relation to the discovery, Dr. Chewings writes from
Arltunga (September 12, 1912): “You will be interested to
know that I made what I take to be a very important dis-
covery of probably Cambrian fossils the other day, in the
MacDonnell Ranges. They occur for several miles in a massive
limestone (dolomite) range that skirts the gneissic and granitic
formation of the Central MacDonnell.”
The following is a sketch supplied by Dr. Chewings to
show the stratigraphical relationship of his discovery to the
fossiiferous Ordovicians of the same ranges : —
SKETCH SECTION OF CENTRAL MACDONNELL RANGES
(Chewings).
A. Gneissic and Granitic (? Pre-Cambrian). © B. Quartzite
(? Cambrian). C. Dolomitic Limestone (? Cambrian); Cryptozoén
fossils at x x. D. Ordovician fossils at xx.
“The Ordovician beds (D), with fossils, occur as shown
on the rough section. The ‘inner’ quartzite and limestone
beds (B and C) I have always held to be older, but could
never find fossils in them until now.”—[Chewings. |
In a further letter, dated October 5, 1912, from Charlotte
Waters, he writes: “The quartzite runs the whole length of
the MacDonnell Ranges, vzz., from beyond Mount Udor to
east of Arltunga, sometimes in broken and isolated hills, at
others in a continuous line or lines forming the highest range
of the MacDonnell. The dolomite I know to extend from
Mount Giles to east of Arltunga, and, lke the quartzite,
is always very much disturbed, broken, and thrust about.
It has undergone such disturbance and aiteration that all
trace of fossils has, in most parts, disappeared. Where the
fossils were found the dolomite is of great thickness, and for
a couple of miles, in one place, viz., near Acacia Well, which
hes south of Mount Benstead, and in another, viz., two miles
south of Bitter Springs, the fossils escaped obliteration. The
two spots are five miles apart. Where the samples were
found there is no lack of similar material, the rock being
largely composed of the same coralline rock, or what origin-
ally were corals. Where the fossils occur the dolomite beds
moO 9
DE
dip south, at say, 3:
9
GEOLOGICAL AGE OF THE FOSSILS.
Unfortunately there is a want of agreement in the opinion
of the few geologists who have had the opportunity of
examining the older rocks of Central Australia. Mr. H. ¥G
L. Brown, the late Government Geologist, as well as Dr.
Chewings,0) include a Cambrian series between the Pre-
Cambrian and the Ordovician of the MacDonnell Ranges;
whilst Tate and Watt do not recognize any rocks of Cambrian
age in the MacDonnell Ranges, and affirm that the Ordovicians
rest directly on the Pre-Cambrian bed-rock. This interpre-
tation of the geological order is strongly maintained by these
authors (in opposition to the views of Brown and Chewings)
in their Report of the Horn Expedition to Central Australia.
It is in this disputed borderland, between the Ordovician
and Pre-Cambrian, that Dr. Chewings obtained the fossils
described in this paper. Tate and Watt would probably in-
clude the fossiliferous horizon in their Ordovician, while
Brown and Chewings place it in the Cambrian. As bearing
on this question it is important to note that undoubted Cam-
brian fossils have been found in Central Australia. An
Olenellus (O. browni) was obtained by Mr. Brown at Alex-
andra station, situated between Tennant Creek and the
Queensland border; and Agnostus and Microdiscus were ob-
tained at Elkedra station, 150 miles south of the preceding
locality, and in a north-east direction from the MacDonnell
Ranges.
In America the genus Cryptozoén appears to have a
rather extensive vertical range—Etcheminian, Cambrian, and
Lower Ordovician. It is, therefore, of little value in the
present case for determining the geological horizon. The
matrix of the Cryptozoén fossils in the MacDonnell’s does not,
however, resemble the typical limestone of the Ordovicians of
that region. The latter are “grey, yellow, and red,’ while
the Cryptozoén limestones are of a bluish tint and granular
structure, having a marked similarity to many of the mag-
nesian limestones of the Cambrian of the Flinders Ranges,
more to the south. The question of age must be left as a
doubtful point at present, with the weight of the evidence,
probably, in favour of them being Cambrian.
(9)Mr. Brown’s views are contained in various official reports,
published by Authority, and also in his Geological Maps of the
MacDonnell and associated regions.
(10) Geological Notes on the Upper Finke River Basin, Trans.
Roy. Soc., S.A., vol. xiv., p. 247: also Notes on Sediment. Rocks
in the MacDonnell and James Ranges. Ibid., vol. xviil., p. 197.
10
DESCRIPTION OF PLATES.
[All figures are of natural size. |
Prate I.
CRYPTOZOON AUSTRALICUM, Sp. nov.
Fig. 1. A group of columns exposed in strong relief by weather-
ing. The lamine are apparently convex to the direction of growth.
The middle column, in front, has an expanded base.
Fig. 2. A group of columns possessing, apparently, concave
lamine. The columns exhibit a regular parallelism of growth
without bifurcation. Exposed on weathered surface of limestone.
Prate II.
CRYPTOZOON AUSTRALICUM, Sp. nov
Fig. 1. Longitudinal view of weathered column possessing.
concave and wavy lamine.
Fig. 2. End view of same specimen showing broken concave
lamine.
Prats III.
CRYPTOZOON TESSELLATUM, sp. nov.
Slab of limestone, about an inch thick, in which the fossils
and matrix have weathered equally to a relatively flat surface.
The columns are of irregular size and shape, but maintain equal
distances from each other. The intercolumnar space is filled with
amorphous limestone, which gives the stone a tessellated appear-
ance. The opposite face is similar to that shown in the figure,
and the vertical sections, on the sides of the stone, show the
characteristic lamination of the organism.
Prate IV,
CRYPTOZOON TESSELLATUM, sp. nov.
Fig. 1. A slab rubbed down and polished showing transverse
sections of the columns, which are similar to those seen in plate 111.
Fig. 2. Polished longitudinal section of a column, with convex
laminz, showing increase of diameter by growth.
Priate V.
CRYPTOZOON PROLIFERUM, Hall.
[This plate has been reproduced by the courtesy of Dr. Walcott,
who kindly forwarded his original photographs that they might be
used for purposes of comparison in this paper. See Smithsonian
Miscell. Collec. (Cambrian Geology and Paleontology), vol. lvii.,
No. 9, plate 37. The ‘‘Description of Plate’’ supplied below is
that of Dr. Walcott’s. |
Fig. 1 (natural size). View by transmitted light, of a thin
transverse section, showing the lamelle.
Fig. 2 (natural size). View by transmitted light, of a thin
section, showing the lamellze where there was a slight dislocation,
caused by irregularity of growth.
Fig. 3 (natural size). View of the weathered surface of lime-
stone, showing several specimens.
The specimens represented by figs. 1 to 3 are from the Upper
Cambrian shaly calcareous sandstone, resting on massive layers of
Potsdam sandstone, east side of the town of Whitehall, Washington
County, New York
11
NOTES ON THE AMYCTERIDES IN THE SOUTH AUS-
TRALIAN MUSEUM, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW
SPECIES.— PART I.
By Eustace W. Fereuson, M.B., Ch.M.
[Read April 2, 1914. ]
Some little time ago, on requesting permission to examine
the A mycterides in the South Australian Museum, the authori-
ties of that institution very kindly allowed me full oppor-
tunity to examine all the specimens in their charge and to
describe the new species. The present paper deals with the
first four principal genera, together with one or two smaller
allied ones. I have thought it advisable to note all the species
sent for examination, together with their habitat. In this
connection it should be noted that many of the older speci-
mens are without locality labels beyond ‘‘Australia. Old
collection.’”’ The collection is particularly rich in species of
Sclerorimus, but I have purposely deferred commenting on
the range and distribution of these until the genus is con-
sidered as a whole in the revision of the subfamily at present
being published in the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of
New South Wales. The descriptions of the new species are
given at the end of the paper.
1. Psalidura reticulata, Boisd.—New South Wales:
Sydney.
2. Psalidura cox1, Macl.
P. coxi, Macl., var. A.—New South Wales: Tam-
worth.
3. Psalidura costipennis, Ferg.—Queensland: Mount
Tambourine (A. M. Lea). Four specimens, two of
each sex, agreeing with type except that coste are
perhaps slightly less prominent, and the sete are
more numerous.
4. Psalidura miracula, Macl.—New South Wales: Blue
Mountains, Tenterfield. |
5. Psalidura approzimata, Ferg. — Victoria: Mount
Buffalo (Blackburn).
6. Psalidura forficulata, Macl.—South Australia: Ar-
drossan (Tepper). I can detect no difference between
Queensland specimens and this single South Aus-
tralian example. It would be interesting to know if
the species occurs elsewhere in South Australia;
otherwise, if this locality be correct, it is very diffi-
cult to account for its occurrence so far south.
10.
1g 6
12.
1}.
14.
12
. Psalidura frenchi, Ferg. (?)—Queensland: Hughenden
(A. M. Lea). <A single 3, probably this species,
but with somewhat different elytral sculpture.
. Psalidura grandis, Ferg.—South Australia: Leigh
Creek (Blackburn), Muloolas.
. Psalidura caudata, Macl.—Queensland (Blackburn),
Longreach (A. M. Lea).
Psalidura flavosetosa, Ferg.—South Australia:
Ouldea, Fowler Bay. Also from mallee districts,
Victoria. Examination of a number of fresh speci-
mens shows that the type has suffered some damage,
probably from Anthrenus. 'The posterior edge of the
anal segment is fringed with long hair or sete, a
similar tuft is present on the interforficular process
of the apical dorsal segment; the laminz also are
not absolutely linear, but are narrow, with gently
rounded edge, and can only be clearly seen from
behind. It should probably be placed in the caudata
group, from the two other species of which the widely
separated fascicles will distinguish it. The colour of
the setz is variable, and the name is hence not a
good one.
Psalidura elongata, Macl.—New South Wales: Con-
dobolin.
Psalidura flavovaria, Ferg.—South Australia. Doubt-
fully recorded from South Australia; the Museum
specimens confirm this habitat. It also occurs in
Victoria, specimens having been shown me from
Mount Macedon and Portland.
Psalidura squamigera, Macl.—New South Wales:
Tamworth.
Psalidura mirabunda, Gyll.—Tasmania; Victoria.
Several specimens sent under the synonyms impressa
and howittr. A Q labelled ““Billinghurst’’ appears
to belong to the same species. It is highly probable
that mirabunda, Gyll., will have to be sunk in favour
of mirabilis, Kirby. EHrichson (Wiegm. Arch. 1.,
1842, p. 113) definitely says that the two names
belong to the one species. Specimens of mirabunda
and reticulata were sent to the British Museum for
comparison with the type of P. mirabilis, but unfor-
tunately it could not be found. Kirby describes the
lamine as “‘latz, compresse, obcuneatze, apice
rotundate, levissime, glaberrime, nitide,’’ a
description which, of all the species known to me,
will only accurately fit mirabunda.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
ae.
13
. Psalidura, sp.(?)—Western Australia. Blackburn’s
collection. A single ¢ belonging to the mzrabunda
group, but differing from all the described species.
To my mind the locality, Western Australia, is most
probably erroneous, and as there is but a single
specimen I hesitate to describe it.
. Psalidura assimilis, Ferg.—New South Wales:
Orange.
. Psalidura abnormis, Macl.—New South Wales: Yass,
Mulwala.
. Psalidura perlata, Ferg.—Western Australia: Eucla,
Israelite Bay, Eyre Sandpatch.
. Psalidura flavescens, n. sp.
. Psalidura brevicauda, n. sp.
. Psalidura sulcipennis, Ferg.—New South Wales:
Blue Mountains (Blackburn).
. Talaurinus riverine, Macl.—New South Wales: Mul-
wala (Sloane); Victoria: Coromby (Tepper), Sea
Lake (Goudie); South Australia: Adelaide, Ardros-
san (Tepper), Blanchetown (Mrs. Kreusler), Kil-
kerran (Blackburn), Yorketown. Numerous speci-
mens; the series shows some variation in size, colour
of clothing, and sete. Specimens from Port Lincoln
(Blackburn) differ in being smaller and in having
rather more regular elytral granules. I have not
considered them sufficiently distinct to describe even
as constituting a variety.
Talaurinus tenebricosus, Ferg.—South Australia:
Adelaide (Tepper).
Talaurinus, sp.—A single Q allied to 7. tenebri-
cosus, but with much rougher sculpture. The speci-
men is without locality from Blackburn’s collection ;
it was sent under the name of ‘‘morbillosus,
Boisd. ( ?)’’
Talaurinus tomentosus, Boisd.—Victoria: Nelson
(Blackburn) ; South Australia: Kingston (Zietz).
Talaurinus penicillatus, Macl.—Tasmania. A pair
marked, in Blackburn’s handwriting, ‘‘morbillosus,
Er.’’ This identification, which is possibly from com-
parison with KErichson’s type, is certainly correct;
unfortunately Erichson’s name was preoccupied.
Talaurinus howttt1, Macl.—No locality given. A pair
from Blackburn’s collection labelled ‘‘7. victorie,’’
a species erected on the Q of. howvttz.
Talaurinus simplicipes, Lea.—South Australia:
Kingston (Zietz).
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
4].
14
Talaurinus maculipennis, Lea,—Western Australia:
Kalgoorlie, Beverley.
Talaurinus maculipennis, Lea, var. brevior, n. var.
Talaurinus, sp.—South Australia: Ouldea; Western
Australia. Allied to 7. maculipennis, but with in-
termediate tibie simple. Though I believe the species
to be undescribed, I hesitate to name it, as there is
a possibility of it proving to be TZ. carbonarws,
Pasc.,@ with the somewhat meagre description of
which it agrees.
Talaurmus flaveolus, n. sp.
Talaurinus apicihirtus, Ferg. — Queensland: Too-
woomba (Blackburn).
Talaurinus septentrionalis, Ferg.—North Queensland :
Palmer River (French). A pair from Blackburn’s
collection under the name of 7’. macuwlatws, Macl.
Talaurinus plagiatus, n. sp.
Talaurinus, sp.—South Australia: Adelaide (Black-
burn). A single abraded Q resembling T. sem-
plicipes, but with much finer antennal scape than
in any of the group.
Talaurinus, sp.— Western Australia: Yilgarn
(French). A single female from Blackburn’s collec-
tion probably belonging to Group I., but not close
to any species known to me.
Talaurinus pulverulentus, Macl., var. prosternalis, n.
var.
Talaurinus STR OOS, Macl.—New South Wales:
Mulwala.
Talaurinus wnconspicwus, Ferg.
Talaurinus strangulatus, Blackb.—Central Australia:
Oodnadatta (co-type). An obscure species which I
cannot refer with any certainty to any of my groups;
probably it is most nearly allied to the squwamosus
_ group, though its elytral structure is at variance with
the members of the group. In the present: state of
our knowledge of this difficult section (granulati)
any arrangement into groups can only be considered
as provisional, and isolated species from little-known
regions are best left with merely an indication of
their apparent affinities.
Talaurinus, sp.—South Australia: Lake Callabonna
(Zietz). A single Q resembling Z'. strangulatus,
(1) Not T. carbonarius. A specimen has been compared with
the type of T. carbonarius by Mr. K. G. Blair, of the British
Museum,
42.
43.
44,
45.
46.
47.
15
but with different clothing and arrangement of
granules, also showing an approach to 7’. squamosus.
I hesitate to describe on a single Q.
Talaurinus angularis, Ferg.—New South Wales:
Tamworth (Musson).
Talaurinus scapularis, Ferg.—Queensland.
Talaurinus ambiguus, Macl.—No locality.
Talaurinus prypnoides, Ferg.—South Australia:
Mount Lofty (Tepper).
Talaurinus imitator, Blackb.—Central Australia (co-
type).
Talaurimus crassiceps, Sloane, type.—Central Aus-
tralia: Barrow Range. In my table of the genus this
species would be associated with 7. imitator in Group
VI. The two species may be conveniently separated
as follows :—
Group VI.
d. Intrastrial granules
prominent, the de-
pressions reduced
to transverse fur-
rows Pelee eee etn iuancor.. Blackbe
dd. Intrastrial ridges not
granulate, the de-
pressions subquad-
rate, foveiform ... T. crassiceps, Sloane
. Talaurinus rufipes, Blackb.—Central Australia:
Tempe Downs, MacDonnell Ranges.
. Talaurinus regularis, Sloane The types of all these:
. Talaurinus helmsi, Sloane species are before me,
. Talaurinus equalis, Sloane (together with an ex-
. Talaurimus solidus, Sloane tensive series of speci-
mens from the Elder Expedition collected by Mr. R.
Helms. In this connection it might be said that Mr.
Sloane in describing these species had only two
specimens of each sent to him, and therefore was not-
in a position to judge correctly of their variation.
The species were separated upon differences in con-
vexity, in the degree of dilatation of the elytra, in
the regularity of the sculpture, and in the granules.
In all these points, however, the differences are slight
and often elusive, and indeed appear to be incon-
stant. After careful examination of a large series I
am now of the opinion that all the forms are refer-
able to one variable species, though it may be advis-
able to recognize some of the names as worthy of
subspecific rank,
16
T’. regularis, as the species first described, must
retain its name; it is characterized by the regu-
larity of its elytral sculpture, the granules on the
second and fourth interstices being small and
hardly larger than those on the other interstices,
the number of granules on the second is only a few
less than the number on the third interstice.
T. helmsi was separated on account of its nar-
rower form, greater convexity, and the less conical
granules of the elytra. The differences are, how-
ever, slight and inconstant, and I regard 7. helmsi
as certainly conspecific with 7. regularis.
T. equalrs differs in its flatter form and in the
granules on the second and fourth interstices, these
are fewer in number, more elongate and more
depressed; the relation of the granules on the
second to those on the third interstice is about one
to two. It would seem advisable, therefore, to
retain the name e@qualis at least for a variety.
The above notes are founded on an examination
and comparison of the ¢ types of the species.
On the females.it is not so easy to reach a conclu-
sion, the sculpture of the elytra varies more and
in all the females are more robust and convex;
indeed, it is not easy to absolutely associate females
with the corresponding males. The type females
of T. regularis and T.. equalis are in my own col-
lection, having been retained by Mr. Sloane, so I
have taken them for comparison. The types (Q)
of T. regularis and of T’. helmsz correspond fairly
closely with their respective males; the Q type
of T. equalis, however, while of the elongate
depressed form of the ¢, has the elytral inter-
stices much more evenly granulate, and corresponds
more with a number of specimens in the Museum
collection. from North-west South Australia
(Wells’ Expedition). The type of 7. solidus is a
@, and in size and general appearance closely
resembles the Q 7. regularis; it, however, has
the granules larger and fewer in number on the
second and fourth interstices. JI am inclined to
regard the type as a large specimen of 7’. equalis.
In conclusion I may say that the slight differences
between 7. regularis and T. equalis are much less
than exist in big series of other species, as for instance
in T. bucephalus, and I think there is little to be
iy.
gained in maintaining them as distinct species. I
may add that Mr. Sloane very kindly re-examined
his types and the other specimens while on a recent
visit to Sydney, and was of the opinion that the
specimens were all one variable species with the pos-
sible exception of the Q type of T. e@qualis,
which has in addition to other slight differences a
slightly different impression on the fifth ventral
segment. |
Hab.—Western South Australia, most of the
specimens labelled ‘‘Elder Expl. Expedition, May-
June 24, 1891. Helms.’’ A specimen of 7’. helmsi (so
labelled by Mr. Sloane) is from Everard Range, one
of 7. equalis is from Barrow Range, while the Q
type of 7. wqualis is from Fraser Range.
53. Talaurinus typicus, Macl.— New South Wales:
Goulburn.
54. Talaurinus alternans, Macl.—No locality.
55. Talaurinus tumulosus, Ferg.—New South Wales:
Tamworth (Musson).
56. Talaurinus caviceps, Macl.—South Australia: Ardros-
san, Balaklava.
57. Talaurinus carinatifrons, n. sp.
58. Talaurinus tuberculatus, Macl.
59. Talaurinus halmaturinus, n. sp.
60. Talaurinus bucephalus, Oliv.—New South Wales:
Blue Mountains (Blackburn). One labelled ‘‘Wes-
tern Australia.’’
61. Talawrinus, sp.'2)—Several specimens of a species be-
longing to the semispinosus group. As I am not at
all certain of the identity of several species of this
group it seems best, to avoid further confusion, not
to describe these specimens for the present. I have
this species from Eucla; the South Australian
Museum specimens are from Eyre Sandpatch.
62. Talaurinus M-elevatus, Lea.—New South Wales:
Blue Mountains. |
63. Talaurinus bubaroides, n. sp.
64. Talawrinus spiniger, n. sp.
65. Talaurinus rugifer, Boisd.—New South Wales:
Sydney. ©
66. Talaurinus impressicollts, Macl.—Victoria. <A single
Q@ from Blackburn’s collection sent under the
synonym hiscipennis, Macl.
(2)T. simulator, Pasc., var.; from comparison with the type
by Mr. K. G. Blair. oh bar
74.
75.
US,
(he
78.
18
. Talaurinus niveovittatus, Ferg.—Queensland: Mount
Tambourine (A. M. Lea).
. Talaurinus kirby1, W. 8. Macleay.—New South
Wales: Blue Mountains.
. Talaurinus carinatus, Ferg.—Victoria: Nelson (Black-
burn). (Co-type.)
. Talaurimus incanescens, Macl.—No locality.
. Peritalaurinus macrocephalus, Ferg.—Western Aus-
tralia. A fine pair of this species from Blackburn’s.
collection, wrongly labelled ‘‘7. rugiceps, Macl.”’
. Notonophes cichlodes, Pasc.—The specimen sent is the
one Sloane had under examination in describing the
genus.
. Pseudonotonophes lemmus, Pasc.— A new generic
name seems necessary; the description of the genus:
is awaiting publication in my Revision.
Sclerorinus waterhouser, Macl.—South Australia ;
Central Australia. Two <’s without exact locality
labels.
Sclerorinus adelaide, Macl.—Australia, no locality.
A specimen which I regard as only a form of this:
exceedingly variable species.
Sclerorinus vittatus, Macl.—Ardrossan; South Aus-
tralia (Tepper). Specimens from South Australia,
without locality, and from Ardrossan agree with the
type in form and appearance, but exhibit, inter se,
great variability in the number, size, and position of
the elytral tubercles. Specimens from Grange,
South Australia, agree fairly well with both the
types of wittatus and conspersus, and I see little
reason for separating the two species beyond a slight.
difference in shape and the somewhat smaller
tubercles. S. rugicollis and S. angasi are, In my
opinion, undoubtedly conspecific with S. vittatus.
Sclerorinus, sp. (?)—A single ¢ allied to wittatus, and
perhaps only an extreme variety. In the absence of
further specimens, it would be unwise to deal with
it at greater length at present. Australia, no
locality.
Sclerorinus sordidus, Macl.—South Australia: Victor
Harbour, Adelaide, Mount Lofty. Others without.
exact locality. A fairly large series of specimens,
which I regard as referable to this species. The
species 1s close to S. wittatus, but has more dingy
clothing and less prominent tubercles concealed by
the clothing; in these respects, however, the series
shows considerable variation, this being more marked.
oo,
80.
il:
82.
83.
84,
85.
86.
37,
88.
89.
90.
19
in the females, which are, as a rule, larger and more
coarsely tuberculate than the males. As with most
_ of the other species of the adelaide group, the species
shows a tendency to merge with the species above
and below it in the scale of magnitude and tubercular
development. While some specimens show a decided
approach to S. wittatws, others are hardly separable
from the following species, and there are intermediate
forms.
Sclerorinus acuwminatus, Macl.—South Australia.
Specimens compared with type of acuminatus agree
also fairly closely with specimens of sordidus, except
that they are smaller and have rather smaller
tubercles. The fifth interstice is practically obsolete,
while in sordidus it is as a rule fairly definite, though
some specimens show a tendency towards obliteration.
Sclerorinus tristis, Boisd.—Tasmania. Specimens of
a Sclerorinus from Tasmania without doubt belong
to this species.
Sclerorimus asper, Macl.—South Australia. Specimens
from South Australia agree with the type.
Sclerorinus howitti, Macl. — Victoria. A Q from
Victoria agrees with the type. It is very doubtful
if S. asper and S. howitte can be maintained as dis-
tinct from S. tristes; I myself do not think that they
can. S. acuminatus and S. obliteratus are also ex-
tremely doubtfully distinct, though there seems
more justification for their separation.
Sclerorinus obliteratus, Macl. (?)—Australia. A o
without locality agrees fairly closely with the type,
which is, however, a Q.
Sclerorinus, sp.—Victoria: Mount Buffalo. Close to
S. obliteratus, but possibly distinct; both specimens
are, however, males.
Sclerorinus, sp.(?)—A od from Aldgate probably
represents a new species of this group.
Sclerorinus, sp.(?)—A <¢ from Ballarat has the
sculpture almost obliterated; it is possibly distinct.
Sclerorinus, sp. (?)—Victoria: Nelson (Blackburn).
Close to S. obliteratus, Macl., but probably distinct.
Sclerorinus wrregularis, Macl.—South Australia:
Square Waterhole. A single Q, in general appear-
ance closely resembling S. sordidus.
Sclerorinus, sp.(?)—Kangaroo Island. A_ single
Q greatly abraded, but apparently belonging to
an undescribed species allied to 8. sordidus.
Sclerorinus neglectus, n. sp.
20
91. Sclerorinus regularis, n. sp.
92. Sclerorinus convexus, Sloane, var. spenceri, n. var.—
Among the specimens sent were a number which show
some variation, inter se, and which all differ from
the type of S. convexus in my own collection. I can
not regard these specimens as belonging to more than
one species, though as the only specimen I have
seen of S. convexus is the type, I cannot be certain
if they represent a distinct species or only a variety ;
apparently this is the species that Blackburn (Report
Horn Exped.) recorded as S. convexus. Under the
circumstances, I have thought it advisable to give
a varietal name to these specimens, and have adopted
the name which Blackburn had apparently originally
(a specimen in my collection is labelled ‘‘spencerv”’ in
Blackburn’s handwriting) given them in honour of
Professor Baldwin Spencer. Below are given the
chief characters for differentiating the variety from
S. convexus :—
3. Larger than S. convexus, less parallel-
sided; head and rostrum as in type; prothorax
variable, in specimen selected for description
granules somewhat larger than in convexus and
somewhat abraded; elytra with nodules on inter-
stices larger, more elongate, much fewer in number
on the second and fourth, on the second ending
suddenly at declivity not extending down as gradu-
ally diminishing granules.
Dim.— 6, 23x8mm.; 9, 22x8 mm.
Hab.—Ouldea to Talarinna (R. T. Maurice),
North-west South Austraha (Wells Exped., H.
Basedow), Deering Creek (Horn Exped.), Her-
mannsburg. None of the specimens show any signs
of clothing, though such is evident in S. convezus.
Two specimens differ in being larger, more con-
vex, and with rather coarser nodules. I cannot
regard them as specifically distinct.
93. Sclerorinus insignis, Sloane.—Type, Elder Exped.
94. Sclerorinus noctis, Sloane.—Type, Barrow Range,
Elder Exped.
I would refer these two species, originally
placed in Talaurinus, to Sclerorinus; they are
closely allied, but I believe distinct. How-
ever, it is impossible to speak absolutely on this
point, as they are of opposite sexes.
95. (2) Talaurinus obscurus, Sloane.—Type, Elder Exped.
Though Sloane regarded this species as closely allied
21
to converus, insignis, and noctis, I am inclined to
regard it as probably generically distinct. Unfor-
tunately, only the Q is known.
96. Sclerorinus, sp.(?)—A_ single 9 from Menzies
belonging to the convexus group; possibly it may
prove to be the Q of S. insignis.
97. Sclerorinus elderi, Sloane.—Type 3, Everard Range,
Elder Exped. Besides the type the collection con-
tains a number of specimens from different localities.
The species is variable in regard to size, number, and
to a certain extent arrangement of the tubercles.
In the type ¢ the median ventral vitta is of a
very dark-brown, practically black, colour; in the
type Q (in my own collection) the vitta is light-
brown. In almost all the specimens I have seen,
ranging over a vast extent of country, the ¢ has the
vitta of a light reddish-brown colour. Specimens of
this type are in the collection from Ouldea and
Fowler’s Bay; except that the tubercles are some-
what larger, I cannot detect any other difference from
the type. Specimens (¢ and Q) from North-west
South Australia (Wells Exped., March, 1903)
differ somewhat in being rather depressed above, and
in having the tubercles somewhat irregular and of
a black colour. I cannot regard them as specifically
distinct. Another 9 from Gawler Ranges also shows
some slight differences in the tuberculation. The
range of the species appears to extend from the
western portion of South Australia as far as the
Murchison district in Western Australia.
98. Sclerorinus molossus, Pasc.(?)—Three specimens
which I refer with some doubt to this species. They
differ from 8S. eldert in the smaller prothoracic
tubercles and also somewhat in the elytral tubercles.
The specimens are from (1) Coolgardie (Blackburn’s:
collection), ¢; (2) Yorketown, 9; (3) Australia
(Blackburn’s collection), no locality label, 9. Pos-
sibly they do not all belong to the same species, but
I have little doubt that they do so.
99. Sclerorinus angustipenms, Sloane. Type 3. A second
3 labelled ‘‘Frazer Range.’’ A Q labelled ‘‘Western
Australia,’’ Blackburn’s collection, appears slightly
different, though the differences are possibly sexual.
The rostrum is rather stouter, the prothoracic
granules less abraded, and the prothorax not so
dilatate.
100.
101.
102.
03.
104.
4105,
106.
LOT
LOS:
109:
22
Sclerorinus occidentalis, Sloane. Types, ¢, 2. This
species is very close to S. angustipennis, but I regard
it as distinct. Two other specimens from Blackburn’s
collection are in the Museum, and one (9) labelled
‘‘Upper Murchison, Helms’’ (the type locality).
Sclerorinus, sp. n.—A ¢ labelled ‘‘Western Australia,’’
York, Blackburn’s collection, belongs to a new species
allied to S. eldert. In the absence of more specimens
I have not thought it advisable to describe the
species.
Sclerorinus molestus, Pascoe (?).—Eyre Sandpatch,
Fowler Bay, Ouldea. An extensive series was sent
of a species which I have had with some doubt iden-
tified as S. molestus by Mr. Blair, of the British
Museum. The species appears to be common in the
regions bordering the Great Australian Bight, and
is' recognizable by its parallel-sided form with dense
yellowish clothing, except on the tubercles. Several
specimens from Eyre Sandpatch differ from the
usual form in having the prothorax more dilatate and
the elytra not parallel-sided; the tubercles are also
rather smaller.) I do not regard the form as
specifically distinct. One ¢ labelled ‘“‘Fowler’s Bay”’
appears somewhat different, but is greatly abraded;
the tubercles are red instead of black, diluted with
red.
Sclerorinus sabulosus, Macl.—South Australia: Port
Augusta.
Sclerorinus, sp. (?)—A single specimen from Pinnaroo
of what is probably a new species allied to S.
sabulosus. I have numerous specimens from the
mallee districts of Victoria at present under
examination.
Sclerorinus biordinatus, Macl.—Yorke Peninsula. An
exceptionally beautiful species.
Sclerorinus blackburm, n. sp.
Sclerorinus exis, Macl.
Sclerorinus longus, Macl.
Sclerorinus vestitus, Macl.—South Australia: Gawler
Ranges; New South Wales: Silverton; Victoria:
Birchip. The Victorian specimens are, as a rule,
narrower than the South Australian, but I do not
regard them as distinct.
(3) Judging from notes forwarded by Mr. Blair, this form
‘probably corresponds closely with the type of S. molestus, Pasc.
110.
Eee
212.
113.
114.
115.
116.
Evy.
118.
ISL
120.
121.
23
Sclerorinus stewartr, Macl.(?)—South Australia:
Blinman. Nearest to S. stewarti, but smaller than
type. The last three species are undoubtedly close
to one another, but differ in the relative size of the
tubercles and to some extent in the clothing. S.
teniatus, Pasc., appears to be synonymous with S.
stewarti, Macl.
Sclerorinus sublineatus, Germar.—South Australia:
Moonta, Peterborough, Blanchetown, Adelaide,
Balaklava. A large series of specimens showing con-
siderable variation in size, comparative width, and
in the size of the elytral tubercles. S. marginatus,
Pasc., 1s synonymous. One specimen was labelled
“Northern Territory,’’ probably an error.
Sclerorinus pilularius, Macl.—South Australia: Mus-
grave Range (R. T. Maurice), Wilgena (L. C. Staple-
ton), Ouldea. Close to the last species but larger,
more ovate, and with somewhat different clothing.
Sclerormmus, sp.(?)—A_ single Q without locality,
possibly a variety of S. sublineatus, Germar.
Sclerorinus tuberculosus, Macl.—Victoria.
Sclerorinus germart, Macl.—South Australia. Speci-
mens agree with types (?) in Macleay collection. In
addition to these typical specimens were a number of
others which I prefer to regard as varieties rather
than as distinct species.
1. ¢g. No locality. Differs in having the median
ventral vitta of a dark-brown colour.
2. 3, Q. Wilmington. The ¢ is a much longer
and narrower insect than the type of germarv.
3. do, Q. Kangaroo Island. Differs in having the
elytra somewhat longer in proportion to the pro-
thorax, and in the sete being of a yellowish colour.
Sclerorinus parvulus, Macl.—South Australia. Speci-
mens sent agree with the type(?) in the Macleay
collection. It is, however, doubtfully distinct from
S. germari, differing merely in the prothoracic
granules being more rounded and less obsolescent.
Sclerorinus mucronipennis, 0. sp. —
Sclerorinus wmconstans, Lea.—New South Wales:
Mount Kosciusko.
Sclerorinus alpicola, n. sp.
Sclerorinus dilaticollis, Macl.—South Australia.
Sclerorinus horridus, Macl.—South Australia: Fow-
ler Bay, Port Lincoln, Ardrossan, Blanchetown,
122.
123.
128.
AS
24
Moonta, Terowie. One labelled ‘‘Northern Territory,’’
probably an error. The series shows great variation
in size, clothing, and size of tubercles, so that it is
somewhat difficult to obtain two specimens exactly
alike.
Sclerorinus riverine, Macl.—Victoria. A pair from
Blackburn’s collection sent under the synonym S.
alternus, Macl.
Sclerorinus bubalus, Oliv.—Tasmania; South Aus-
tralia. This is the first record of this common Tas-
manian species from South Australia; it also occurs
in Victoria.
. Sclerorinus subcostatus, Macl.—New South Wales:
Yass.
. Sclerorinus, sp. (?)—No locality. I have this species
from Harden, New South Wales. It is close to S.
squalidus, but probably undescribed.
. Sclerorinus, sp. (?)—New South Wales: Mulwala (T.
G. Sloane). Three specimens of a widely distributed
species. It agrees fairly well with the descriptions
of S. hoper; I have, therefore, deferred dealing with
it until specimens can be compared with the type.
. Amycterus leichhardtt1, Macl.—Western Australia.
A o¢ marked “‘compared with type.’’
Amycterus schiénherri, Hope.—Western Australia:
Swan River.
Amycterus draco, W. 8S. Macleay.—Western Aus-
tralia. The series sent for examination shows con-
siderable variation in the number of tubercles com-
posing the median rows on the prothorax. Ail the
specimens show granularity of the derm between the
elytra tubercles, but less marked than in the type,
and in this respect the specimens approach closer to
the variety insignis.4 Both the number of pro-
thoracic tubercles and the granularity of the derm
appear to vary independently. The typical characters
of draco are the combination of few prothoracic
tubercles (4-5) with an asperate derm; those of
msignis are numerous tubercles (typically about 12)
combined with an almost smooth derm. Examples of
specimens with few tubercles and an almost smooth
derm are not uncommon, but in the asperate speci-
mens the prothoracic tubercles are rarely more than
seven in number.
(4) Awaiting publication in my Revision of the Amycterides.
25
PSALIDURA BREVICAUDA, Ni. sp.
3. Moderately large, elongate, subparallel. Black;
densely clothed with greyish-brown scales; beneath with yellow
subsetose scales at sides of segments and yellow setz scattered
throughout, fifth segment similarly clothed, and on. forceps
and apical ptergite, also with longer stouter setz ; sete yellow ;
fascicles dark-brown.
Head strongly convex, densely clothed, sparingly setigero-
punctate. Rostrum short, moderately deeply excavate, ex-
ternal ridges feebly bisinuate in outline, internal less pro-
minent, short, strongly convergent, but apices separated. Hyes
large, ovate. Prothorax (7x7 mm.) strongly rounded on
sides, apex with median lobe strongly produced over head,
ocular lobes well defined but less prominent, collar impression
moderately marked, median line feeble; disc evenly and
closely set with small, round, little prominent, strongly seti-
gerous granules; sides granulate. Hlytra (12 x8 mm.) little
widened on sides, apex strongly rounded, feebly mucronate,
base subtruncate, humeral angles subnoduliform ; with rows of
small regular foveiform punctures, intervals between setigerous
but not granulate; interstices with small round setigerous
granules, on second, fourth, and sixth in single, on the others
in double, series; sides similar. Metasternum rather strongly
depressed in middle. Fifth segment strongly excavate, anterior
border of excavation hardly reaching anterior margin of seg-
ment, preanal fossa deep, transversely oval, not separated
from rest of excavation by a ridge, posterior margin of seg-
ment lightly fringed with setz ; fascicles set obliquely inwards
and downwards 2 mm. apart at base, 1 mm. at apex. Forceps
with apices alone evident, short stumpy, not meeting, laminz
present, very small and only visible from behind; apical tergite
bearded with yellowish hair.
Q. Of a more elliptical shape, in structure closely
resembling ¢; beneath convex, intermediates longer, fifth
without excavation, clothed with yellow sete except over small
bare area in centre.
Dim.— 3, 20x8mm.; 9, 20x8 mm.
Hab.—Queensland : Dalby (Mrs. F. Hobler, per A. M.
Lea), Fraser Island (Bailey, South Australian Museum).
Type in author’s collection.
One of the most remarkable species in the genus, not only
in the short forceps and curiously placed fascicles, but in the
very regular foveate elytral sculpture. It is not close to any
other known to me, and cannot with propriety be forced into
any of the groupsin my table. Provisionally it may be formed
into a new group, in the table coming near the end and
26
‘distinguished from the other groups with short forceps, by the
well-developed fascicles and the form of the metasternum.
PSALIDURA FLAVESCENS, Nh. Sp.
3. Moderately stout, robust, in appearance close to
perlata. Black; densely clothed with bright-yellow sub-
pubescence or scales, covering all upper parts except rostral
ridges, portion of head, and granules below, present on meta-
sternum, and feebly on ‘segments where scales are more setose ;
granules with long bright-yellow sete, legs with stout sete.
Head and rostrum as in perlata, frontal impression
shallow, clothing forming a median and supraorbital vitte.
Prothorax (5 x 6 mm.) with smaller and more separate granules
than in perlata, each with a long seta. Elytra (115 x 8 mm.)
much as in perlata, densely clothed, intrastrial ridges trace-
able, setigerous; interstices with distinctly smaller granules,
for the most part in double series, setz long. Metasternum
and anal segment as in perlata, except that excavation is less
nitid.
Dim.—63,19x8 mm.
Hab.—South Australia: Eucla (C. French), Port Lincoln
{South Australian Museum). Close to perlata, but with very
different clothing and noticeably smaller granules.
Type in author’s collection.
TALAURINUS MACULIPENNIS, Lea.
Var. BREVIOR, Nn. var.
3. Differs from typical specimens in being shorter and
comparatively stouter; clothing with hghter portions predom-
inating, sete rather stouter, of a brighter yellow colour; pro-
thoracic granules more distinct, not obscured by clothing:
elytra with the intrastrial eranules rather more prominent,
the setz distinctly more evident ; otherwise as in type.
Dim.—¢6,12x5mm.; 9, 12x55 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia: Eucla (C. French); South
Australia (South Australian Museum, without exact locality).
Type in author’s collection.
I have had specimens of this form under observation for
some time, and while I do not regard them as specifically
distinct, I think that the differences noted above are sufficient
to entitle the form to subspecific rank.
“TALAURINUS FLAVEOLUS, 0. sp.
3. Small, elongate-ovate, of type of 7. semplicipes.
Black, densely clothed with oreyish or yellow SU eS
sete light-yellow.
27
Head gently convex, continuous with rostrum in same
plane above, with a few scattered sete. Rostrum short, hardly
excavate, save for depression behind apical plate; internal
ridges hardly distinct; three impressions traceable at base, a
median linear and an oblique somewhat curved foveiform
impression on either side. Scrobes simple. Eyes subovate.
Prothorax (2°5x 3 mm.) widely and evenly rounded on either
side, apical margin with very feeble postocular sinuation ;
disc without impressions, granules practically obsolete, some-
what more evident at sides, each with a long stout decumbent
seta arising posteriorly and projecting backwards. Elytra
(6x4 mm.) gently rounded on sides, apex moderately strongly
rounded, strongly declivous posteriorly, base almost truncate,
humeri very slightly thickened, not projecting; disc with
sculpture practically obliterated, no strie traceable, on
abrasion small obsolete granules to be seen, rendered slightly
evident by the feeble rugosity of derm. Clothed with dense
subpubescence and with long stout sete arising from the
obsolete granules and traceable into rows according to the in-
terstices and into intermediate rows corresponding to the
intrastrial granules. Beneath with light scattered sete ; inter-
mediate segments moderately long; fifth segment lightly con-
cave, a deeper transverse sulcus along posterior margin, not
reaching sides, but bounded at each end by a small tubercle
on the anterior edge. Middle tibiz simple.
Q. Similar but more robust; rostrum with median area
more definitely impressed ; prothorax (3 x 35 mm.) and elytra
(7x5 mm.) similarly sculptured; beneath convex, inter-
mediates longer, fifth with a shallow somewhat irregular fovea
surrounded by a few punctures.
Dim.—d,95x4mm.; 9, 11x5 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia: Esperance Bay (¢), Eucla
(Q), Blackburn’s collection; Eucla (Q), (C. French), collec-
tion Ferguson.
I have had a single Q of this species under observation for
some time; the presence of both sexes in the South Australian
Museum collection has given me an opportunity of describing
it. The clothing of the 3 has been somewhat abraded and
apparenty discoloured ; in both females it is of a bright-yellow
and in one variegated with grey or white, the prothorax being
also feebly trivittate. As seen from above the sculpture
appears almost entirely obliterated; viewed from behind,
owing to the foreshortening, shallow punctures become evi-
dent arranged into longitudinal rows. Of previously described’
species it comes nearest to 7. simplicipes, Lea, but differs in.
the sculpture clothing and sete.
Type in South Australian Museum.
28
TaLAURINUS PLAGIATUS, Nl. Sp.
gd. Size, shape, and general appearance of 7. septen-
trionalis, intermediate tibiz without subapical notch. Black,
rather densely clothed with dingy-grey subpubescence, an
obscure dark patch at each humeral angle, a few small indis-
tinct dark maculz on disc; beneath with fairly close silvery
subsetose clothing; setz dark-brown.
Head strongly convex, separately so from rostrum.
Rostrum short, strongly excavate in front; external ridges sub-
parallel; internal prominent, little convergent; median area
‘depressed, sublateral sulci long, subparallel. Scrobes feebly
curved, well defined, not reaching eye. Eyes rather large,
ovate. Scape rather short, stout, strongly curved, incrassate,
but not ampliate or explanate at apex. Prothorax (3x4
mm.) rather strongly widened, subangulate at sides, anterior
to middle; apex with moderately distinct median lobe, but
feeble ocular lobes; postapical constriction ill-defined but
moderately strongly impressed, median line indefinite; with
small obscure granules fairly closely set, rounded, somewhat
irregular towards middle with tendency to coalesce longi-
tudinally; sides granulate. Elytra (7 x5 mm.) ovate in out-
line, base subtruncate, humeri marked but not produced, apex
strongly rounded, posterior declivity steep; with rows of open
shallow fovez in striz, the granules between small and little
evident ; interstices little raised, alternate ones rather thicker,
setigerous but hardly evidently granulate, the whole sculpture
somewhat obscure. Beneath with intermediate ventral seg-
ments moderately long, flat; fifth segment feebly and indefin-
ably concave in middle near apex. Forceps hardly visible in
position, short, with moderately broad laminz set obliquely
across inner face. Anterior tibie strongly angulate at apex,
intermediate without subapical notch.
©. Similar, more ovate; under-surface convex without
impressions, anterior tibiz not so strongly angulate at apex;
disc with granules feeble but slightly more evident.
Dim.— 3,11x5; 9, 11x55 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland (Blackburn).
Type in South Australian Museum.
A small obscure species in appearance strongly resembling
T. septentrionalis, but with simple tibie. It is perhaps closest
to T. panduriformis, but, besides being smaller, it has more
evident prothoracic granules, and rather more regular elytral
sculpture, the punctures being more definite and the inter-
mediate interstices (%.e., the second and fourth) with more
evident setz set close together; the difference in the humeral
angles is also very marked.
29
TALAURINUS PULVERULENTUS, Macl.
Var. PROSTERNALIS, n. var.
d. Of size and general structure of typical specimens ;
antennal scape slightly more curved and rather more incrassate
at extremity; prosternum with a narrow transverse carina
in front of anterior coxe, terminating abruptly at each end;
metasternal tubercles situated slightly internal to middle
trocanters and nearer to each other than in type.
Q. Similar to 9 of typical specimens except that scape
is slightly thicker.
Dim.—¢,11x4mm.; 9, 12x5 mm.
Hab.—Central Queensland: Longreach (A. M. Lea).
Except in regard to the ridge on the prosternum and the
approximation of the metasternal tubercles, this form does not
differ from 7. pulverulentus, for the difference in the antennz
is slight and only appreciable on careful comparison. In 7’.
pulverulentus the metasternal tubercles are evidently farther
apart; they are situated behind and a little towards the outer
side of the middle trocanters.
Type in the South Australian Museum.
TALAURINUS CARINATIFRONS, Nn. Sp.
3d. General facies that of T. caviceps. Black, densely
clothed above except on elevations with greyish scales, beneath
with similar more scattered clothing on middle and sides of
each segment.
Head convex, forehead concave between the ends of the
ridges ; marked with three ridges, a prominent rounded one on
each side, the prolongation back of the external rostral ridges,
and a shorter, much finer, and more sharply defined ridge or
carina in centre. Rostrum moderately deeply excavate, ex-
ternal ridges thick, rounded, slightly convergent basally, con-
tinuous with lateral ridges on head; internal ridges but little
prominent, median area little depressed below level of internal
ridges, sublateral sulci long, deep and foveiform at base,
shallow anteriorly. Scrobes simple, not reaching eyes. Eye
subrotundate. Prothorax (5x6 mm.) evenly rounded on
sides, ocular lobes moderately well defined, median line not
impressed but without granules; disc with numerous discrete
rounded granules or tubercles, somewhat irregular in size and
distribution. Sides granulate. Elytra (13x 8 mm.) evenly
rounded on sides, apex rather strongly rounded, base gently
arcuate, humeri marked by out-turned nodule; with rows of
small shallow open foveiform depressions obscured by clothing,
each separated from the next above and below by a small
nitid granule; interstices with small rounded somewhat
30
flattened tubercles, numerous and forming continuous rows o1r
first, third, fifth, and sixth, fewer, larger, and more widely
separated on second and fourth, on second about eight, on
fourth four to five in number. Sides with numerous rounded.
nitid granules. Fifth segment .with a moderately deep con-
cavity occupying the middle two-fourths, with a deeper trans~
verse sulcus along posterior margin. Anterior femora not
ridged.
Q. Similar but more robust, head with median carina.
less evident, third interstice showing tendency to reduplica-
tion of the tubercles in the basal half. Beneath convex, fifth
segment with irregular shallow transverse impression at ex-
treme apex.
Dim.—c, 21 x8mm.; 9, 21x85 mm.
Hab.—South Australia.
Type in author’s collection.
I have long had a specimen of this species in my col-
lection, but merely regarded it as a form of caviceps. The
examination of a number of specimens in the South Australian
Museum collection at once showed the difference from that
species, the tubercles both on prothorax and elytra being con-
siderably finer.
TALAURINUS HALMATURINUS, N. sp.
d. Large, elongate-ovate, general facies that of T.
verrucosus. Black, tubercles subnitid, practically without.
clothing.
Head strongly ridged on each side above eye, middle of
forehead with a feeble longitudinal carina. Rostrum strongly
excavate, especially in front, external ridges subparallel, con-
tinued on to head; internal less prominent but distinct,
moderately long, convergent; sublateral sulci long, rather
deeply impressed, median area depressed. Scrobes ending dis-
tant to eye, with a feeble prolongation upwards and backwards.
Prothorax (5x 6 mm.) evenly rounded on either side, apical
margin subtruncate above, ocular lobes feeble; disc with
isolated rounded tubercles, rather farther apart in middle.
Sides with tubercles becoming obsolete towards coxe. LHlytra:
(12x 8 mm.) evenly rounded on sides, base arcuate, humeri
marked by out-turned tubercle; disc with punctures irregular,
hardly traceable into striz, also with scattered setigerous
granules; with rows of tubercles corresponding to the inter-
stices, moderately large, rounded anteriorly, conical and more
spinose posteriorly and laterally, the second interstice with
four distantly placed, the last on declivity, third interstice
with about ten extending just on to declivity, the tubercles
isolated but closer together than on second, fourth with two:
31
near middle, five with about eight, sixth with six forming
lateral border; sides with tubercles subobsolete and closer.
Beneath with small scattered setz, intermediate segments long ;
fifth with shallow impression occupying a little more than
middle two-fourths, deeper posteriorly and with a deep narrow
somewhat boat-shaped fossa at extreme apex. Anterior
femora not ridged.
Q. Similar to ¢ but more robust, with elytral tubercles
somewhat more numerous; beneath strongly convex, fifth
segment with only a shallow transverse apical impression.
Dim.—¢d, 20x8 mm.; 9, 22x9 mm.
Hab.—Kangaroo Island.
Type in South Australian Museum.
Very close in general appearance and elytral sculpture
to JT. verrucosus, Guér., but, wmter alia, with somewhat
different excavation of fifth ventral segment. The excavation
in both species is on the same general plan, but is much deeper
in T. verrucosus, while the tubercles at the sides are not
developed in 7. halmaturimus,; the internal rostral ridges are
_ also more evident in the Kangaroo Island species. 7’. tuber-
culatus differs again in these respects.
TALAURINUS BUBAROIDES, Nl. Sp.
| @. Small, ovate. Black, densely clothed with yellowish
or grey subpubescence, completely covering the granules; sete
small, light coloured. -
Head as viewed from above about twice as wide across
eyes as width across external rostral ridges at apex, sides nar-
rowed with slight curve outwards from behind eyes to base
of rostrum. Rostrum little excavate, median area wide,
shallow, and open; width across external ridges much less
than width of rostrum, ridges not prominent, slightly diver-
gent backwards; internal ridges little prominent, sublateral
sulci small, foveiform at base, becoming rapidly shallower
anteriorly ; sides of rostrum greatly bulged out below scrobes.
Scrobes somewhat curved with shallower extension continuing
curve back and downwards to orbit. Scape moderately long,
normal. Eyes rotundate. Prothorax (3x 4'5 mm.) strongly
transverse, sides strongly angulate in middle, narrowed to
base and apex; ocular lobes rather well marked. Disc strongly
convex from side to side, with median impressed line and
strongly marked, somewhat flattened, impression on each side,
making the lateral margins appear almost explanate.
Granules small, discrete, densely clothed but readily traceable,
absent along longitudinal impressions, clustered more thickly
around lateral angle. Elytra (7x55 mm.) rather strongly
32
widened posteriorly, apex moderately rounded ; base somewhat
deeply emarginate, humeral angles projecting forwards, nodu-
liform, basal end of third interstice also projecting forwards,
less strongly noduliform. Disc with rows of small closely-set
shallow punctures each subtended by a small granule; third
and fifth interstices more prominent than the others, sutural
with five granules, second with three or four small tubercles
spaced out on interstice, third and fifth each with row of
small closely-placed tubercles from base to middle, thence with
a few isolated tubercles extending down declivity, fourth with
three tubercles similar to second, sixth with row of about eight
regularly and closely placed. Beneath gently convex; fifth
with small transversely oval foveiform depression at extreme
apex.
Dim.—Q, 115x5'5 mm.
Hab.—South and Western Australia: Ouldea, Fowler
Bay, Eucla.
Of this distinct species I have five specimens under exam-
ination, all apparently of the one sex and probably females.
IT have not hesitated to describe it, as it is a thoroughly
distinct species. In general appearance it somewhat resembles
Sclerorinus horridus, and I long had a specimen under that
name. In Blackburn’s collection there is a specimen named
S. parvulus. It is, however, certainly not a Sclerorinus, and
though tentatively placed in T'alaurinus probably requires a
new genus. I have selected a specific name in accordance with
a superficial resemblance to Bubaris pubescens. There is a
strong connection between this species and T. scaber, Boisd. ;
the rostrum in the latter species is rather longer and has the
internal ridges raised at base, but is very similar in appear-
ance, the shape of the thorax is practically the same, the
elytral tubercles, however, are different.
Type in author’s collection.
TALAURINUS SPINIGER, Nl. Sp.
Q. Of moderate size, robust. Black, with feeble muddy
clothing ; sete small, black; no median ventral vitta.
Head convex, broad, with two impressions in front con-
tinuous with sublateral rostral sulci. Rostrum short, width
across external ridges considerably less than width across
sides, external ridges somewhat convergent to base, internal
ridges subobsolete, only indicated by the position of the sub-
lateral sulci, these obliquely set, deep, foveiform at base,
becoming shallower anteriorly, median area gently and evenly
concave. Scrobes short, somewhat curved, ending distant from
eye. Eyes small, round. Scape of moderate length, not much
33
incrassate. Prothorax (5x6 mm.) strongly transverse, sides
bulged out and subangulate in middle; apical margin widely
rounded above with moderately deep postocular sinuation.
Disc strongly convex from side to side, more gently from before
backwards, set with small rather prominent separate tubercles,
absent along median and sublateral lines. Elytra (9 x7 mm.)
robust, apex moderately strongly rounded, base very gently
arcuate, humeri marked by outwardly projecting tubercle;
with rows of small punctures separated by small granules, the
lines obscured and broken up by the interstitial tubercles;
suture with row of small granules, larger and out-turned at
base, the cther interstices with strong conical tubercles larger
and more acutely pointed posteriorly, second with four to five,
situated moderately close together about middle of interstice,
third with a continuous row of ten to twelve from base to
declivity (on one side with a small tubercle on declivity),
fourth with one or two separate tubercles near middle, fifth
with three to four moderately close together starting from
shoulder and three or four others more unevenly spaced out,
sixth with three near middle. Beneath convex; fifth seg-
ment with a foveiform impression near apex.
Dim.—Q2,15x7 mm.
Hab.—Australia; no locality given.
Type in South Australian Museum. South Austraha
(National Museum, Victoria).
Though represented by female specimens only, the insect
appears so distinct that I have not hesitated to describe it.
Its immediate affinities are not obvious, but it shows some
points of resemblance to both 7. bubaroides and T. incanescens,
probably when the ¢ is known its position will be more
apparent.
SCLERORINUS NEGLECTUS, 0. sp.
3. Hlongate-ovate. Biack, cpaque; densely clothed with
grey and brown, trivittate with grey on head and prothorax,
the median vitta subdivided on head and rostrum by median
carina, elytra maculate; below last three segments maculate
with yellow in middle and with sparse grey sete near sides.
Sete dark-brown.
Head continued on into rostrum without interruption, the
lateral and median carinz continued up forehead, the median
almost to vertex; rostrum not greatly excavate, sublateral
sulci shallow with deeper foveiform pit at base. Prothorax
(4x5 mm.) rather strongly rounded on sides, not greatly
ampliate, ocular lobes moderately prominent; disc with well-
defined subapical impression and deeply impressed median line,
somewhat sparingly set with moderately large somewhat
fo)
34
depressed granules, elongate in middle, more rounded towards
sides. Sides granulate. Elytra (11 x6 mm.) gently rounded
on sides, apex moderately strongly rounded, base gently
arcuate, humeral angles rather feebly out-turned, noduli-
form; disc with rows of small punctures obscured by the
clothing, subtended by sete but no definite granules between
the punctures; interstices broad and flat where tubercles are
wanting, second with two or three subconical tubercles,
spaced out between middle and apex, third with a more con-
tinuous row of elongate rather large tubercles about ten in
number, more spaced out and subconical posteriorly, fourth
without tubercles, fifth with a row more closely placed, rather
smaller and more rounded about fourteen in number, sixth
with a similar row of about eleven. Sides with rather pro-
nounced somewhat tortuous tubercles. Fifth ventral seg-
ment with a narrow median channel not very deep, bordered
on each side behind middle by a triangularly raised ridge
or tubercle. Anterior femora not ridged beneath, inter-
mediate tibie with a deep subapical notch.
@. Similar but larger and more ovate, with the apex
decidedly produced and obtusely mucronate; beneath convex,
fifth segment with median channel not bounded by tubercles ;
intermediate tibize with much feebler notch.
Dim.—d,6x6mm.; 9, 20x8 mm.
Hab.—South Australia: Port Lincoln (Macleay
Museum, South Australian Museum). |
All the specimens, with the exception of a pair in the
Museum collection labelled Northern Territory (probably
an erroneous locality), are from the Port Lincoln dis-
trict, where the species appears to be common. The
series shows great variation both in the _ prothoracic
and elytral sculpture, in some specimens the prothoracic
granules are much smaller, more elongate, and showing a
distinct tendency to become obsolete in the middle; the
tubercles on the elytra are often variable, in particular those
on the more lateral interstices. Some specimens show a
decided approach to S. regularis, and it is questionable
whether that species should not be regarded as an extreme
variation of S. neglectus. Though in most Australian col-
lections the species appears to have been overlooked by pre-
vious describers. :
Type in author’s collection.
SCLERORINUS REGULARIS, Nh. Sp.
3. Size moderately large, convex, subparallel. Black,
densely covered with yellowish-brown clothing; sete light-
35
brown ; ventral segments maculate with lighter in middle and
at sides.
Head convex, upper-surface practically in same plane
with that of rostrum, forehead with three ridges, the exten-
sion backwards of the rostral carine. Rostrum broad, the
carine on upper-surface distinct, transversely convex, the
median carina narrowing slightly to base and widening some-
what on head; sublateral sulci long, foveiform at base. Head
‘and rostrum remotely and subobsoletely punctate. Prothorax
(5x6 mm.) moderately ampliate, widest in front of middle;
ocular lobes rather prominent. Disc convex, median impres-
sion rather ill-defined, apical impression only traceable at
sides; closely set with smail regular rounded tubercles, not
noticeably depressed; sides granulate. Elytra (11 x7 mm.)
gradually but not greatly widened to behind middle; base
arcuate, humeral angles marked by small tubercles. Disc
with regular rows of shallow impressions, separated by small
setigerous granules concealed by clothing; interstices tuber-
culate; second with three isolated elongate tubercles near
middle; third with a regular row of fifteen, closely set, ex-
tending from base half-way down declivity, rounded basally,
subconical on declivity; fourth without tubercles; fifth with
a continuous row of twenty-two smaller rounded tubercles;
sixth with nine intermediate in size and not extending to
base. Sides with tubercles obsolete. Apical ventral segment
with a strong median channel bordered on either side by a
small tubercle. Anterior femora with a feeble indication of
a ridge beneath; intermediate tibie with a strong subapical
notch.
©. More robust and ovate in outline; beneath convex,
the fifth segment with a feeble median impression; anterior
femora not ridged; intermediate tibie wtih a feeble indica-
tion of a subapical notch.
Dim.—¢d,18x7mm.; 9, 20x9 mm.
Hab.—Gawler Ranges (F. Andrews, South Australian
Museum, type).
The notch on the intermediate tibie will separate the
species from all, except S. neglectus and S. dimidiatus, of
the members of the first section of the genus. From S. neg-
lectus its larger size and in general more robust form will, in
addition to the ‘more marked differences in the prothoracic
and elytral sculpture, help to distinguish it. To this species
I refer with some slight doubt specimens from Port Lincoln ;
these latter, however, show a decided tendency towards S.
neglectus and lead me to question whether both forms do not
belong to the one variable species. I do not think, however,
that this is really the case. S. dimidiatus, Macl., is founded
c2
36
on an isolated specimen from Flinders Range; it agrees with
S. regularis in the rounded character of the prothoracic
granules, but differs in having the third interstice subcostate.
ScLERORINUS ALBOVITTATUS, Nl. Sp.
¢. Elongate-ovate, size moderate. Black; densely
clothed with yellowish-brown subpubescence; head trivittate,
the median vitta subdivided by a median bare line, prothorax
trivittate with white, the median vitta narrow, elytra with
white vittz along the third and fifth interstices; sides of head,
prothorax, and lower border of elytra with white, the white
clothing more squamose in character; under-surface with
whitish macules on middle and sides of segments forming
interrupted vittz, last segment with white clothing distributed
over whole surface.
Rostrum with median line bare, not definitely raised,
extending up on to and along forehead, basal fovee moder-
ately deep. Prothorax (4x5 mm.) transverse, moderately
ampliate on sides, ocular lobes rather feeble. Disc convex,
with transverse subapical impression and feebly impressed
median line, set with round somewhat-depressed setigerous
granules moderately close together, obsolescent along vitte;
sides granulate. Elytra (10x 6 mm.) evenly rounded, not
greatly widened on sides, base gently arcuate, humeral angles
marked but not produced. Disc with punctures obscured by
clothing but apparently small and shallow; interstices tuber-
culate, the tubercles small, becoming somewhat larger pos-
teriorly, feebly conical on declivity; second with five or six
isolated tubercles, not extending down declivity, third inter-
stices tending to approximate on declivity, with a row of about
twelve from base nearly to apex, fourth with three anterior to
middle varying in position, fifth with three at humeral angle
only, sixth with a closely set row of twelve; sides with regular
rows of rounded tubercles. Fifth ventral segment with small
median impression at extreme apex, bordered on either side
by a small tubercle obscured by clothing. Legs simple.
2. Similar to 3 but somewhat more ovate, and convex
beneath.
Din 6) xe bam O° a) c/a
Hab.—Western Australia: Eucla (C. French and South
Australian Museum).
Though in general appearance close to species of the type
of S. germari, and, lke that group, with the fifth interstice
only tuberculate at shoulder, the structure of the fifth ventral
segment points to a closer relationship to the adelaide group,
though it is very distinct from any other described species of
37
the group. The median macules tend to form a distinct
median vitta, but it has not the hirsute character of species
in the vittate groups. Most of the Museum specimens are
without. locality.
Type in author’s collection.
SCLERORINUS BLACKBURNI, 0. sp.
3. Elongate, subparallel, strongly tuberculate. Black;
clothing dense. rich-brown, on head forming median and sub-
lateral vittz: a brownish patch on either side between
vitte; whitish on prothorax forming feeble sublateral
vittz and faintly indicated in middle line; elytra with inner-
surfaces of tubercles clothed with white; sides of prothorax
and elytra with white. Beneath with a dense tomentose vitta
of a rich ruddy-brown colour. Setz black.
Head strongly convex, the upper rostral surface not in
same plane as head, forehead flattened in front, external
rostral ridges extending back with a slight change of direction
on to the head. Rostrum broad, evenly though not deeply
excavate, external ridges slightly divergent posteriorly, median
carina narrow, distinctly raised, not extending upon head,
sublateral sulci broad, shallow, with smaller deeper foveiform
depressions at base. Eyes subrotundate. Prothorax (6 x 75
mm.) dilatate, subangulate on sides anterior’ to middle, post-
ocular sinuation of apical margin moderately strong but lobes
not marked ; disc with evident transverse subapical impression,
median line free from tubercles, sublateral lines irregularly
impressed, free from tubercles; elsewhere with strong irregular
somewhat depressed tubercles, rounded or slightly transverse.
Sides with granules decreasing in size from above down and
not continued to coxe. Elytra (15 x8 mm.) elongate, little
widened, apex almost subtruncate, with a strong granulate
flange; base feebly arcuate, humeri with single, outwardly
‘directed, tubercle. Disc with rows of small shallow foveiform
punctures obscured by clothing, each subtended by a small,
setigerous granule; interstices tuberculate, sutural with a row
of fine granules larger at base ; second with four large spinose
tubercles, black, spaced out and uniformly placed on the two
sides; third with a continuous row of strong spinose tubercles,
upwardly, backwardly somewhat outwardly directed, nine on
left, twelve on right in type; fourth without tubercles; fifth
with humeral tubercle only, followed by a small granule,
thence interstice only traceable by a row of setz; sixth with
a continuous row of large outwardly-directed tubercles, ten in
number. Sides with rows of rounded granules or tubercles
diminishing in size in successive rows. Under-surface with deep
groove on either side of vitta on first and second segments, the
38
others somewhat irregular, hardly rugulose, non-granulate, with
a few sete. Anterior femora ridged beneath. Middle tibiz
simple.
Dim.—6d3, 24x 8 mm.
Hab.—Northern Territory; South Australia: Cleve
(Blackburn). }
Type in South Australian Museum.
Two specimens, both males, from the late Rev. T. Black-
burn’s collection, in memory of whom I have named it. I
regard it as probably the finest species yet described in this
genus. Itis most nearly related to S. biordinatus, but differs
decidedly in clothing, and in the much larger tubercles both
on thorax and elytra; the strong dark tubercles contrasted
against the rich almost reddish-brown clothing should render
it easy of identification. Although the type is labelled
Northern Territory, it seems improbable to me that this species
should range from Cleve in Yorke Peninsula, South Australia,
to the Northern Territory, particularly as the other members:
of the genus are almost all restricted in their habitat. Fur-
thermore, the only other species of Sclerorimus in the present
collection labelled as coming from Northern Australia are
species whose known habitats are in the south of South Aus-
tralia. The possibility suggests itself, therefore, that all these
species have through some error been wrongly labelled.
SCLERORINUS ALPICOLA, 0. sp. or var.
3. General facies that of S. inconstans, Lea, but slightly
smaller and somewhat narrower. Black, legs sometimes
diluted with red; clothing much as in S. inconstans, but
rather lighter, brownish with whitish vitte, head trivittate,
median vitta subdivided into two, prothorax trivittate, elytra
with rather feeble vittze traceable along the two inner and
two outer striz ; with median black hirsute vitta along under-
surface. |
Head with external rostral ridges continued for some dis-
tance along each side of forehead, median rostral carina dis-
tinctly elevated, continued on to head but interrupted at
junction of head and rostrum, sublateral fovez moderately
deep. Prothorax (4x 4°5 mm.) widest anterior to middle,
ocular lobes rather feeble; set with fine scattered granules,
larger in apical third, generally smaller than in S. enconstans.
Elytra (10x 6 mm.) less dilatate than in S. wnconstans, rows
of punctures similar but tubercles on interstices smaller and
fewer in number; second with two or three, third with five or
six unevenly spaced over whole length of interstice, fourth
without any, fifth variable in number and position of the
tubercles, these not forming a closely-set row but spaced out
39
over length of interstice, sixth with tubercles somewhat
smaller but more regular and closer together. Apical ventral
segment with a concave depression slightly shallower than in
S. meonstans. Legs simple.
QO. Somew hat more ovate than the male ; beneath convex,
with a much feebler brownish vitta.
Dim.—é,16x6mm.; 9,17x7 mm.
Hah.—Victoria: Mount Baldy (H. J. Carter), Victorian
Alps (Rev. T. Blackburn).
Close to S. inconstans, Lea, of which it might well be
regarded as a variety; as, however, a fairly extensive series
shows little variation in the size of the tubercles and in other
points, I think it justifiable to propose a distinct name for the
southern form. The prothoracic granules are not noticeably
smaller than in the type of S. wconstans, but they are
decidedly smaller than the majority of specimens from Mount
Kosciusko; the elytral tubercles are also smaller, and as a
general rule are fewer in number. The clothing is described
from a specimen in good preservation, but the majority of
specimens are abraded or discoloured and the vitte obscured.
Type in author’s collection.
SCLERORINUS MUCRONIPENNIS, N. sp.
Q. Size small, ovate, moderately robust, general facies
that of S. germari. Black, densely clothed with dark-brown
subsquamose clothing, vittate with white, head trivittate, the
median vitta bifurcate on the rostrum, prothorax trivittate,
elytra with two longitudinal vitte on each side, one internal
to third interstice, the other along lateral border, sides of pro-
thorax and elytra with white along lower edge. Beneath with
a feeble median greyish vitta. Setz brownish.
Head continued into rostrum without interruption, the
external ridges running on to forehead, forehead not carinate
in middle; rostrum not excavate, median carina not greatly
raised, subtriangular in front, narrowed at base, a small
fovea present on head at base of median carina; sublateral
basal foveze rather deep. Eyes rotundate. Prothorax (4x5
mm.) rather strongly ampliate on sides, ocular lobes some-
what feeble, disc with well-defined subapical transverse
impression, median line hardly impressed; set with small
rounded granules, depressed and obsolescent towards centre,
becoming larger and more evident towards sides; sides granu-
late. Hlytra (9x 6 mm.) ovate, apex rounded, with a small
emargination at suture bounded on either side by a short
mucro situated at end of third interstice; base subtruncate,
humeri marked by a small tubercle, not at all advanced. Sculp-
ture of disc confused, punctures small, shallow, intervening
40
ridges setigerous, not definitely granulate; interstices
with small tubercles, their apices pointing backwards, suture
with only a few elongate granules at base, second with four
or five separate tubercles not reaching base nor extending down
declivity, third with a more or less continuous row of thirteen
from base extending half-way down declivity, the basal tubercles
somewhat elongate, the apical ones more subconical, fourth
with two or three in middle, fifth with a few at humeral angle
rapidly diminishing till only traceable by a row of sete,
sixth with a continuous row of twelve more rounded tubercles ;
sides with rows of round rather flattened tubercles. Beneath
convex. Intermediate tibize with feeble indications of a sub-
apical notch.
Dim.—Q,13x6 mm.
Hab.—Victoria: Nelson (Rev. T. Blackburn).
Contrary to my usual custom, I have selected a female as
the type of this species, partly because the chief specific dis-
tinction hes in the mucronate elytra of this sex, partly because
I have seen no male from the same locality as a female. In the
Museum collection, however, there is a male from Kingston,
a neighbouring town in South Australia, which, I believe,
belongs to the same species. It is narrower and more elongate
(135x5 mm.), and has the prothcracic granules less obso-
lescent in the centre, the elytral tubercles are more elongate,
below there is a golden-brown median hirsute vitta, the
anterior femora are ridged beneath and the middle tabie have
a strong subapical notch, also the elytra are not mucronate.
The specimen is greatly abraded, but has sete of a light-
yellowish colour ; this, however, appears to be a variable char-
acter, as the colour differs in the females also. Apart from the
mucronation there is little to distinguish this species from S.
germari or S. parvulus; as, however, I have five females before
me, all exhibiting the same mucronation, I can only regard
this as constant and of specific value. A female from the Howitt
collection, National Museum, Melbourne, belongs to this
species; it is labelled S. mucronatus, Macl. It is, however,
smaller (6 lines) than the dimensions given (8 lines) of S. —
mucronatus, and the descriptions do not agree; unfortu-
nately, the type of S. mucronatus appears to be missing.
Type in South Austrahan Museum.
4]
NOTES ON THE STRATIGRAPHY OF CENTRAL AUSTRALIA.
By Cuaries Cuewines, Ph.D., F.G.S.
(Communicated by Walter Howchin.)
[Read April 2, 1914.]
Typical examples of the principal rock formations observed
in the Central Australian region to the present time are as
follows, viz.:—(1) Tertiary to Recent: gypsum beds of Lake
Eyre, Burt Plain shale, tops of hills around Lake Eyre ( 2) ;
(2) Lower Cretaceous: Lake Eyre blue shales; (3) Jurassic ( 2) :
Finke River sandstones; (4) Post Ordovician: Ellery Creek
conglomerate ; (5) Ordovician: South MacDonnell Ranges (in
part); (6) Cambrian: South MacDonnell Ranges (in part)
and MacDonnell Ranges (in part); (7) Pre-Cambrian:
crystalline schists, granite, etc., of the central plateau.
TERTIARY.
The township of Oodnadatta stands upon gypseous sand-
stone beds which were deposited after the Cretaceous shale
beds had been eroded well down towards their present level of
erosion. Its total thickness may have been 100 to 200 ft.
Before erosion started on these gypsum beds only the higher
levels of the valleys remained unfilled. The remnants show
that the formation was laid down upon the uneven bottom and
sides of the valley of the Neales River, in a continuous sheet,
that stretched horizontally for many miles. The Neales River
has since cut its way right through the gypsum beds and down
into the former floor of the valley, perhaps another 50 ft. It
would be interesting to know whether the quartzite capping
to the Cretaceous beds was in existence or not when the
gypsum beds were laid down. If so, fragments of the
porcelainized sandstone should be found at the base of, and
also in, the gypsum beds where they impinge on the Cretaceous
shale, unless they were dissolved.
On the Burt Plain, a few miles south of Burt Well on
the central plateau, are low-lying beds of shale and ferru-
ginous sandstone, calcareous grit, indurated clay, etc. These
beds occupy the bottoms of the valleys and represent the
older wash as the watercourses gradually filled to the present
level of the sand plains. Similar deposits occur in nearly
all the valleys over the plateau, in which many successful wells
have been sunk. These deposits may be of Tertiary age.
42
Around Lake Eyre the tops of some of the higher hills
may be composed of sandstones, etc., of Tertiary age. Reasons
for not extending these Tertiary cappings far in a northerly
direction are given later.
LOWER CRETACEOUS.
Mr. Brown regards the blue shale of the Lake Eyre
artesian basin as Lower Cretaceous. Tate and Watt refer the
same to Upper Cretaceous. The delimitation of the northern
boundary is discussed in the following section. The writer
includes in this section many of the tops of the hills lying north
of Oodnadatta hitherto regarded as Tertiary.
JURASSIC ( ?).
The valleys of the Finke and Hale rivers, so far as at
present known, furnish more evidence regarding the geological
history of Central Australia than any other part. In 1897
Mr. H. Y. L. Brown, then Government Geologist in South
Australia, published in a Parliamentary paper his revised
reading of the several rock systems occurring there, viz. :—
(1) Archean gneiss, granite, etc.; (2) Cambrian; (3) Lower
Silurian; (4) Jurassic(?); (5) Lower Cretaceous; (6) Upper
Cretaceous or Tertiary; (7) Recent and Tertiary. Their
several equatorial extensions are delimitated in a section that
accompanies the report. The report, and also the section,
show clearly that Mr. Brown had altered his position in regard
to one of the important rock formations, v7z., the Deep Well
and Ooraminna sandstones. Formerly he classed these as
Devonian (?), but herein they are, together with the Finke
River sandstones, as seen between Horseshoe Bend and Goyder
River, set down as Jurassic(?). To Mr. Brown belongs the
credit of first noting that the Finke River sandstones dip
south under the Cretaceous shales, and that they are ‘“‘intake’’
beds for the Lake Eyre artesian water supplies. The writer
agrees with the extension of the Finke River sandstones
northwards to Francis Well, but disagrees with the including |
of the Deep Well and Ooraminna sandstones in that forma-
tion for reasons set out hereafter. The Cretaceous shale for-
mation is lithologically similar, from Lake Eyre to its
northern boundary, a few miles north of Charlotte Waters
Telegraph Station. As all observers are agreed on that
point, further comment is unnecessary as to its northern
margin. As to the age of the Finke River sandstones, Tate
and Watt held that the Upper Cretaceous persisted as far
north as Engoordina (Horseshoe Bend), and they mention
_ Chambers Pillar as the most conspicuous outlier. The writer
rejects Tate and Watt’s reading of this formation. They
43
appear not to have erasped the fact that the Finke River
sandstones formation underlies the Cretaceous shales. Between
Horseshoe Bend and Idracowra the Finke River sandstones
lie conformably upon reddish and pale-coloured micaceous
sandstone and shale beds. Near the contact the white and
red bands alternate and show that the one passes into the
other gradually, as belonging to the same formation. Good
sections in evidence of this are plentiful, and the writer holds
that both belong to one and the same formation. Mr. Brown
separates the pink from the white, classing the former as
Lower Silurian and the latter as Jurassic ( ?).
- The writer’s reading of the Finke River sandstone, etc.,
is as follows:—In travelling from Oodnadatta north it is first
seen on the slope to the Goyder River, from Mount Daniel.
It is seen all the way to Horseshoe Bend except where hidden
beneath the recent sand and alluvial deposits. At the latter
place it reposes on the shale beds mentioned above. In follow-
ing the Alice Springs road northward from Horseshoe Bend
it is seen to continue to, and to form, the hills known as Percy
Hills, even to the cappings. Thus far the formation is con-
tinuous. Francis Well, which lies a couple of miles north of
these hills, is sunk in red sandstone. A well on the south
side of the hills is sunk in similar rock. Near Depot Well,
and in other places along the Hugh River, bands of calcareous
sandstone are seen in the cliffs. The sandstones are also seen
to carry a large percentage of pebbles and boulders (mostly
quartzite), e.g., between Depot Well and Alice Well. These
pebbles belong to the Finke River sandstones formation and
not to the wash of the Hugh River. Between Horseshoe
Bend and Old Crown Point the pebbles are much in evidence ;
they are seen at Yellow Cliff and all the way to the Goyder,
and for a mile or two south of the Goyder Well. The sand-
stone beds carrying them then pass under the Cretaceous
shales, and they are not seen to the south of Mount Daniel.
The Finke River sandstone, etc., it will thus be seen, is a
continuous formation from Goyder Well to Francis Well; but
north of Francis Well al! that remain are isolated flat-topped,
or gently-inclined topped, hills scattered through the ranges.
Examples of such occur a little north of Francis Well, as
cappings on Ordovician (?) limestone; and again a little north
of Breadens Dam. Three miles north of Ooraminna Water-
hole, to the right of the road to Arltunga, a white sand-
stone formation with siliceous limestone capping, horizontally
bedded, runs for two or three miles, and perhaps for a greater
distance, in a north-easterly direction. Also between Mount
Undoolya and Emily Gap low hills of similar description are
seen, and in and about the ranges in many places similar
44
hills are met with. They probably belong to the same forma-
tion. The low hills of Ordovician age are readily distinguished
from these.
In travelling up the Finke River, from Horseshoe Bend,
the Finke River sandstones are continuous to a spot a little
north of Idracowra Station. One mile north-west of the
homestead red sandstone flagstones form the north bank of
the River Finke for half a mile or so. These flags probably
represent an earher rock formation. A few miles farther
north-west, again, similar flagstones are seen near the southern
edge of the Ordovicians. It is here the Finke River sand-
stones, etc., as a continuous formation, find their northern
boundary on the Finke, but they occur as sporadic hills in the
valleys, in and about the ranges, for many miles further to
the north and north-west. These are of the same description
as those already mentioned as occurring along the Alice
Springs track.. Near Henbury Station a nest of these
hills occurs. Between Horseshoe Bend and Idracowra the
purple-shale beds belonging to this formation are much in
evidence; their prominence is due to a low anticline having
elevated the purple beds, the hills in places showing only a
thin capping of white sandstone upon the purple shale, but
they sink again near Idracowra. ‘These purple shales are the
lowest visible beds in this formation. White sandstone beds
follow in ascending order, then calcareous sandstone bands
and pebble-bearing sandstones and thin bands of ironstone;
then yellow and purple sandstones. These latter appear to
mark the line between the Cretaceous shales and the Finke
River sandstone series. About this horizon green glauconitic
sandstones and shale bands succeed, in which J. J. East found
Lingula subovalis.
The included boulders and pebbles in the sandstone beds
are very numerous and well-rounded, and principally com-
posed of quartz and quartzite. They represent the harder
rocks in the ranges to the north. The post-Ordovician con-
glomerate beds, noted later, that flank the South MacDonnell
probably furnished a large proportion of the pebbles. At
Crown Point these pebbles and boulders form conglomerate
beds in the sandstone varying from a few inches to several
feet in thickness, and they occur on inclined planes and at
varying angles of dip. The sandstone shows false-bedding,
in a marked degree, also. The boulders occasionally are up
to a couple of tons in weight. All are well waterworn. A
good example of the way the conglomerate occurs in the sand-
stone may be seen in the cliff and banks of a small creek where:
the telegraph line drops on to Paddy’s Well plain, six miles
north of Old.Crown Point Station. There the conglomerate
45
occurs running in a slanting band right up the cliff from
bottom to top. Where these conglomerate bands form the
tops of the hills, the tops and sides are covered with water-
worn stones. Other observers have mentioned the occur-
rence, but failed to note that the conglomerate bands in this
Finke River sandstone were the source of the boulders and
pebbles. They have nothing to do with the modern Finke
River, as we now know it. The Finke River was not in
existence when these conglomerate beds were formed, for they
do not extend in that direction, so far as the writer is aware.
They appear to have been brought by a swiftly-running river
of pre-Cretaceous age, for these sandstone beds underlie the
Cretaceous shale beds. Turbulent bedding characterizes the
sandstone beds in which the conglomerate occurs. Tate and
Watt came to the conclusion that these stones surrounded an
imaginary lake that was held back by the table-topped hills
at Cunningham Gorge, and that the lake-waters ultimately
burst through the gorge and scattered the stones about. The
absurdity of such an explanation makes one wonder whether
they were serious in propounding such a theory. Later on
Professor Tate set out the probability of the stones having
been brought there through ice action. In the writer’s opinion
the only thing not quite in accord with the ‘‘river’’ explana-
tion is the presence of very large and intensely hard quartzite
boulders, which, as before stated, are up to two tons in weight.
But seeing that they may have been derived from the post-
Ordovician conglomerate beds, a swiftly-running stream, such
as the sandstones and conglomerate indicate, would meet the
case. The writer has failed to find any grooves and scratch-
ing on the boulders to suggest ice action, and the mode of
occurrence does not suggest morainic material.
From the comparative absence of conglomerate in these
beds along the Finke route (contrasted with the abundance of
the same along the Hugh route), one is led to the conclusion
that the main drainage from the MacDonnell Ranges formerly
came by way of the latter, viz., in pre-Cretaceous times, and
that the course of the Finke River and Ellery Creek through
the Krichauff (James) Ranges is of more recent development.
The comparatively narrow Glen of Palms, Todd Glen, and
others, ¢.g., lend some weight also to this supposition.
Immense erosion, of course, has taken place since the Finke
assumed the present course, for at its inception it flowed over
the top of the Krichauff Ranges, gradually cutting its way
down through the sandstones, quartzites, limestones, and
shales of which that range is composed. Great erosion trans-
pired in all the older series of rocks before the Finke River
sandstones, etc., hereafter mentioned (following Brown) as
46
Jurassic (?), were laid down, for that formation is seen to
occupy the eroded spaces. Subsequent erosion has almost
completely removed the Jurassic (?) rocks from the highlands,
sporadic remnants only remaining, affording evidence of the
former dimensions of the formation. The remnants owe their
existence, in the majority of cases, to hard cappings of
quartzite, etc. When the Jurassic (?) strata were laid down
the orographic features of the present Central Australian
region, in a general way, were much the same as we find
them to-day, subject, of course, to subsequent denudation.
Erosion has now laid bare the older rocks on which the
Jurassic (?) reposed, and to some extent cut deeper into them.
The writer is of opinion that the Jurassic (?) formation
was the last continuous formation laid down in that part of
the continent. Many of the hills hitherto classed as Tertiary,
and most of the so-called Tertiary cappings and outliers in
and around the Central Australian ranges and north of Mount
Daniel, have no existence as such. They belong to this
Jurassic (?) formation. Chambers Pillar is a typical example.
The last submergence beneath the sea was in Cretaceous times,
and for this reason Tertiary strata, as a continuous formation,
never existed there. A little rearranged material may form
the tops of some of the flat-topped hills within the area under
notice, which is often permeated with secondary silica, oxide
of iron, etc., forming an enduring crust. No fossils have yet
been found in this formation. Like the Cretaceous, this
formation is seen to have undergone considerable erosion.
Before erosion set in the formation was continuous through-
out the ranges; it about half filled the valleys, and the older
rocks stood out from it like islands above the sea.
What movement has taken place in the ranges since the
Jurassic (?) was laid down is impossible to say, but the
slightly-inclined strata in the low hills occurring on the south
side of the MacDonnell, east of Emily Gap, may or may not
have been due to earth movements. Probably the old anta-
clinal and synclinal folds have gradually yielded to pressure
since the Jurassic (?) strata were formed. Between Idracowra
and Horseshoe Bend is a long, low anticline; and six miles
north of Crown Point evidences of earth movements are clearly
apparent. At Horseshoe Bend, right where the station
stands, the rocks are faulted. From these features it is evi-
dent some earth movement has transpired since the beds were
laid down. They are unconformable to the rocks on which
they repose, but whether discordance occurs between them
and the Cretaceous shales is unknown. The evidence afforded
by the artesian bores south of Goyder Well leans in that
direction. |
4 4
Post-Orpovicran. [DEvoNIAN (?).]
In descending order, the next known rock formation is
the post-Ordovician conglomerate and sandstones with pebble-
beds that flank the Ordovicians on the south, as seen on the
northern edge of the Missionaries Plain, in Rudall Creek,
Finke Gorge, Ellery Creek Gorge, and in the ranges east of
the latter. Tate and Watt found these beds to be not less
than 7,000 ft. thick at Ellery Creek Gorge. Temple Bar
Well, situated 12 miles south of Alice Springs, was sunk
wholly in conglomerate identical in character with the above.
Five miles south of Temple Bar Well, low hills of conglomerate
occur along the road to Ooraminna. These hills extend for
miles in a westerly direction. The writer regards these as
belonging to the same formation. Sandhills and sandplains
then cover the surface until at 20 miles from Alice Springs
the red-and-white sandstone hills of the Ooraminna Range are
crossed. These sandstones in places are lithologically similar
to the Jurassic(?), but are seen to have been faulted and
disturbed to a considerable extent, and moreover, as pre-
viously mentioned, three miles north of Ooraminna Waterhole
stands a hill of Jurassic(?) sandstone, reposing on this
Ooraminna sandstone unconformably, and surrounding it as
well. The strata of the latter is much disturbed, whereas in
the former it is horizontally disposed and undisturbed. The
unconformity is unmistakeable, and lithologically the two
series are very distinct. At 32 miles south of Alice Springs
is Indembo Well. This well was sunk 200 ft. deep wholly
in conglomerate, identical in appearance with that at Temple
Bar. Indembo Well outcrop of conglomerate is seen to ex-
tend both east and west of the well; its thickness is unknown.
The writer is of opinion that this conglomerate belongs to the
same series of beds as seen at Temple Bar, Ellery Creek Gorge,
and elsewhere, and it will thus be seen that it occurs both
north and south of Ooraminna Range, but the intervening
sandhills preclude the possibility of ascertaining its strati-
graphical relationship to the Ooraminna sandstones with cer-
tainty. The difficulty is increased by the extensive faulting
that has taken place in the Ooraminna sandstones on both
sides of the range. However, the writer’s opinion is that the
conglomerate beds overlie the Ooraminna sandstone, and that,
formerly, the conglomerate was continuous from well to well,
its absence in places being due to erosion.
The post-Ordovician conglomerate beds and the Oora-
minna sandstone beds are both of some antiquity. Each par-
ticipated in the disturbances that threw all the older
sedimentary rock systems into anticlinal and synclinal folds.
Tate and Watt observed that the post-Ordovician conglomerate
48
beds reposed upon conglomeratic sandstone beds. They, and
others, have noted the occurrence of pebbles, sometimes in
layers, in the ‘‘upper’’ red sandstone beds of the Krichauff
and other similar ranges. The same beds, with included
pebbles, form the bed of Ellery Creek between the Krichauff
and MacDonnell Ranges. Tate and Watt failed to discover
unconformity between this red sandstone series and the
Ordovician sandstones, limestones, and quartzites on which
the red sandstone reposes. They discovered Ordovician fossils
in the boulders of the post-Ordovician conglomerate, and
rightly deduced that they must be younger than Ordovician,
but they included the upper red sandstone beds in their
Ordovician, as they also did the Cambrian. Mr. Brown’s
former reading of the Ooraminna sandstone—which is litho-
logically very similar to Krichauff Range and Ellery Creek
sandstone—was ‘“probably Devonian,” but in 1897 he included
it in his Jurassic (?). The author’s reasons for separating the
two are already stated. Where, then, are we to place the
Missionary red sandstone beds? The post-Ordovician con-
glomerate reposes upon them and gradually merges into them
without any apparent unconformity. Probably they belong
to one and the same formation, and pending further informa-
tion the author suggests they be included in post-Ordovician.
The discovery of a supposed cast of Zsoarca in the sandstone
from Deep Well by Tate and Watt lends some little weight
towards their classification, but the sandstones there do not
resemble the Ellery Creek sandstone in any marked degree;
its mode of weathering resembles the Ordovician sandstone.
The discovery of annelide burrows in the Deep Well sand-
stones, and also in the Ooraminna sandstones, by the author
proves little one way or the other. These worm tracks are
very common in the Ordovician quartzites. It is also possible
that either the Ooraminna or Deep Well (or both) sandstones
are older than the Missionary sandstones, notwithstanding
any lithological similarity they may possess. Good sections of
the Ordovician and Missionary (post-Ordovician) series are
seen between Parkes Pass and Hermannsburg, on the Finke.
The Ordovicians are there thrown into sharp folds; the post-
Ordovicians are more gently inclined. The upper series,
which le within the folds of the lower, are unfortunately
worn back, and the actual contact is covered with sand and
loam.
ORDOVICIAN.
The Ordovician system is well represented. in the
MacDonnell and other ranges to the south. The rocks are
composed of quartzites, sandstones, shales, limestones, etc.,
as seen in the South MacDonnell, in Gardiner Range, on the
49
Petermann Creek, and elsewhere. The limestones and
quartzites in many places have furnished ample fossiliferous
evidence to set the age of these beds at rest. The limestones,
etc., forming the core of the Ooraminna Range are similar
to those in the James Range, but in the latter brittle hard
shales and conglomerate-quartzite and slaty bands are also
much in evidence. Possibly, Cambrian strata may be repre-
sented there as well, but until proven the whole may well be
included in Ordovician. The Ordovician rocks are well
developed in the South MacDonnell, where they form flanking
ranges to the Cambrians and the granitic rocks of the central
plateau. They dip off the Cambrians in a southerly direction
at high angles, also vertically, and in one spot they are over-
folded. The strike of the strata is east-west, and the post-
Ordovicians repose upon them without any appreciable uncon-
formity. Tate and Watt found 1° only of difference in their
angles of dip. They form the core of what is locally known
as the South MacDonnell, and also the ranges to the south,
where, frequently, they are seen to stand vertically. They
also dip north and south of the anticlinals at varying angles,
and in places form gently-undulating beds which cover ex-
tensive areas. They dip under the Jurassic (?) sandstones at
Francis Well, on the Hugh, and also near Idracowra, on the
Finke. They extend west and south-west of George Gill
Range, and run well on towards Lake Amadeus. In short,
this formation has a wide distribution throughout Central
Australia, the extent of which is still undetermined.
The author has not yet been able to satisfy himself that
the red sandstone in which the Francis Well is sunk, and the
sandstone composing Mount Charlotte—which is visible from
the well—belong to the Jurassic(?) formation. The same
difficulty presents itself a few miles north of Idracowra, on
the Finke. There the red sandstone range to the west of the
road also looks older than the Jurassic ( ?).
The eruptive rocks have not intruded the Ordovicians
so far as yet observed. In all probability many of the
quartzite and shale cappings of the granitic hills, scattered over
the plateau, north and also south-west of the MacDonnells,
are Ordovician, and much of the so-called desert sandstone
(e.g., at Glen Edith) belongs here as well.
CAMBRIAN.
The Cambrian quartzites, quartz-conglomerates, dolomitic
limestones, sandstones, micaceous clay slates, shales, etc., so
well represented in the MacDonnell Ranges, follow next in
sequence, on which the Ordovicians repose unconformably.
The Cambrians, in turn, rest upon the granitic rocks of the
50
Central Australian plateau. Quartzite-conglomerate fre-
quently forms the lowest bed of the series, followed by
quartzites, sandstones, dolomitic limestones, micaceous slates,
shales, etc. The post-Ordovician, Ordovician, and the Cam-
brian, together, form the flanking ranges on the south to the
central plateau. The author has always held that these
“anner’’ beds are Cambrian. Mr. Brown was of like opinion.
Messrs. Tate and Watt, on the other hand, failed to separate
them from, and included them in, their Ordovician group.
They eliminated Cambrian strata altogether from the region,
‘“‘Oodnadatta to MacDonnell Ranges,’’ and claimed that the
Ordovician succeeded the crystalline pre-Cambrians uncon-
formably.
The South MacDonnell forms one of the most conspicuous
ranges in Central Australia. Looking north from the
Hermannsburg Mission Station it presents a bold and striking
appearance—bare masses of rock, rising in tiers to the north,
culminating in dome-shaped hills and bluffs. Viewed from
east or west a succession of sharp, high peaks and serrated
ridges are seen. To the westward the ranges come to an end
a few miles west of Mount Tate. They run eastward, also, in
similar form as far as Alice Springs, a total of 150 miles,
with an average breadth of eight to ten miles. The rocks dip
south, between 15° and 90°, but the average is a steep dip
throughout that distance. The higher ridges are quartzite
and quartzose sandstone. The limestone and shaly beds,
interstratified with the quartzites, have weathered away, and
now form valleys through which we may travel, with high
walls of rock on either side, almost the entire length of the
ranges. The age of the beds making up this mountain mass
is trifold, viz., on the south, post-Ordovician; the central
portion, Ordovician; and the northern, Cambrian.
From Alice Springs (Heavitree Gap), eastward, for 20
or 25 miles, the post-Ordovician and Ordovician strata are
apparently absent—or, more probably, covered by alluvium—
but beyond that distance they appear again and run on in un-
diminished strength for many miles. The Cambrian strata,
on the other hand, suffer no break, being continuous through-
out. East of Alice Springs the ranges extend for 150 miles.
The South MacDonnell Ranges are therefore not less than
300 miles long. The high quartzite ridge at Heavitree Gap
runs east for 20 miles to Mount Undoolya; it then takes on
a north-easterly course to and beyond Mount Benstead. It
forms the most conspicuous and at the same time the highest
part of the ranges, standing up 800 and 1,000 ft. above the
plain—a bare wall of rock well above everything else. The
dip is south, varying from 45° to 70°, and even steeper, in
51
places. On the north side are the granitic rocks of the
plateau, on which the quartzite reposes. On the south this
quartzite—which is sometimes conglomeratic—is backed up,
apparently quite conformably, by massive dolomitic limestones,
micaceous clay slates, shales, and thinner bands of limestone.
Farther out (south) other quartzites, limestones, sandstones,
shales, etc., occur. The former are seen to be much fractured,
jointed, contorted, and displaced, and this is a feature of the
Cambrians in contradistinction to ail other strata. Eastward
from Mount Undoolya the dolomitic limestones spread them-
selves out more than elsewhere, and continue so to Love Creek
station. Earth movements and pressure have rendered it
somewhat difficult to determine the actual contact line between
the Cambrian and Ordovician; the greater dynamic and
chemical effects upon the former, however, render a discrim-
ination possible. The same causes have obliterated all trace
of organic life except in most favourably-situated localities.
Diligent search through many years failed to discover fossils
in this formation, but in September, 1912, the author was
fortunate enough to discover fossils in the dolomitic limestone
which have since been determined by Mr. Walter Howchin,
of the Adelaide University, to belong to the genus Cryptozoén.
The spot where the discovery was first made is situated
about half a mile west of the old Acacia Well, on the north
side of the mail road from Alice Springs to Arltunga.
Acacia Well lies about ten miles south-east from Mount Ben-
stead and midway between that mount and Love Creek
station. It is also about ten miles west of Bitter Springs.
The fossiliferous strata form the northern boundary of one of
those long narrow valleys of erosion, so characteristic of the
South MacDonnell Ranges. The valley is about a mile wide.
On the south it is bounded by a steep-sided massive reddish-
coloured range composed of limestone, shale, sandstone,
quartzite, etc., rising 600 to 800 ft. above the valley. The
strike of all the rocks hereabouts is, roughly, east and west,
and the (estimated) dip varies between 35° and 75° to the
south. The valley here, and also for several miles both east
and west, is bounded on the north by a dolomitic limestone
range, 500 to 800 ft. high. The well is close to the range, and
the road runs under the range quite close to the fossiliferous
beds, which form the outer layers that run down and meet
the alluvium that covers the floor of the valley. Some of the
fossiliferous layers are only 2 and 3 inches thick, while others
are massive, being yards through. The aggregated thickness
is considerable—as seen where small creeks break across the
strata—and there is no lack of material, though good speci-
mens have to be searched for. The fossiliferous strata
52
maintain the same position in regard to the range and the
alluvium for four miles in an easterly direction, and one mile
westerly, from Acacia Well. All the fossils seen belonged
to the same genus. Owing to the well having fallen in no
water was obtainable within ten miles, hence the search was
a rather hurried one. Eroded specimens occur on the slope.
On bare patches of rock the fossils are plainly visible, and
where the strata are broken across they are seen to penetrate
the rock at right angles to the bedding planes, in much the
same way that annelid burrows frequently do. The range
is composed of hard blue and grey dolomitic crystalline lime.
stone, in which the fossils occur, and the strata are less
disturbed and less altered than elsewhere.
The same dolomitic lmestone persists to the westward
for over 150 miles; it also runs in an easterly direction for
many miles. The east and west quartzite range, that forms
the northern boundary of this dolomitic limestone, also forms
the southern boundary of the granitic plateau and, as before
stated, is the most striking physical feature in the MacDonnell
Ranges. It supplies a number of the highest peaks, and
many of the romantic-looking gorges, and, as a wall of rock,
is probably unique. Mount Benstead is one of the peaks.
The view from Acacia Well is one of steep-sided and rugged
mountains in all directions. The ranges to the south are
probably Ordovician.
PRE-CAMBRIAN.
The central plateau is, for the most part, composed of
eneiss, schist, and granitic rocks, and hes north of Alice
Springs. It is a ‘‘central boss’’ of wholly crystalline rocks,
both igneous and sedimentary—principally the former. A
feature is that, in places, the rocks have a definite and deter-
minable dip, but the planes may be either those of
stratification, cleavage, or foliation.
53
ON AN HEMIPTEROUS INSECT FROM AN AUSTRALIAN
OPOSSUM’S NEST.
By E. Bercrotu, M.D.
(Communicated by A. M. Lea.)
[Read April 2, 1914.]|
Specimens of the species dealt with in this paper were-
kindly communicated to me for determination by Professor
K. C. Stirling, Director of the South Australian Public
Museum. They were found under so interesting circumstances
that the following report referring to their occurrence may
be quoted from The Adelaide Observer of March 8, 1913 :—
“In preparing opossums in as life-like surroundings as pos-
sible for the new gallery, the Museum taxidermists found it
desirable to procure a hollow limb, and obtained one near
Adelaide. On sawing it off the limb was found to contain
an opossum’s nest, with the opossum (Trichosurus vulpecula,
Kerr) at home in it. On further examination the nest was
found to be swarming with insect hfe. Among these were
noted thousands of larve of a small moth; thousands of
Acaride, or. mites, and Psocide, or book-lice; two kinds of
tick, one a very peculiar sort; several interesting beetles, one
of which is new to Science; and hundreds of a bug in all
its stages. This last-named insect smells exactly like the bed-
bug, but when matured is winged. It appears, however, to
have the same unpleasant habits, as most of the larve and
some of the mature specimens appeared to be gorged with
blood. Seven pupz of two kinds of flies were obtained, and
many unidentified larve; of these latter two are very curious,
and they probably belong to one of the lace-winged flies,
of which some extremely beautiful species are known in South
Australia. It is hoped, therefore, to rear some of the larve.
to the mature forms.” The bugs mentioned in the above
notice proved to belong to a new species of the genus Clerada,
Sign., of the family W/yodochide. Although the type of this
genus is widely distributed both in the Old and the New
World, nothing is known of the habits of it or of any other
species of the genus, and only solitary specimens of them
seem to have been taken. On the whole, very little is known
of the food of the I/yodochide, and although most of them
are supposed to be phytophagous, exceptions from this rule
doubtless occur. It is quite possible that the new Clerada is
a regular inhabitant of opossums’ nests, but, if so, I think
this must be regarded as an acquired habit. The Clerada,.
54
no doubt, finds plenty of food in the opossum’s nest, but it
is very unlikely that a member of this family draws blood
from a warm-blooded animal. It is much more probable
that it sucks out the Tineid and other soft-skinned larve so
common in its haunt, unless it simply feeds on decaying
vegetable matters in the nest. From the fact that the soft
swollen abdomen of the larve is red in colour (like that of
so many other Myodochid larve) and that the middle of the
venter is often reddish in the imagines, it was hastily inferred
that they were “gorged with blood.”
CLERADA NIDICOLA, 0. sp.
Black, above glabrous, both above and beneath very
finely and thickly punctured ; basal border of pronotum and
posterior angles of proplure tawny; the commissure, suture,
and scutellar margin of the clavus also tawny, but very nar-
rowly so; membrane greyish-fuscous; rostrum, orificia, middle
of venter, and legs yellowish-ferruginous; trochanters black at
tip; apex of femora and the whole tibiz somewhat infuscated ;
antennz black or fuscous, last joint, except a narrow sub-
basal ring, very pale testaceous. Head as long as pronotum
and as broad as it is long, the postocular part rounded on
the sides, ocelli almost touching the eyes, vertex more than
twice broader than an eye; the eyes seen from above much
longer than broad; rostrum reaching posterior margin of
second ventral segment ; first joint of antenne scarcely passing
apex of head, second joint three times longer than first, third
a little longer than first, fourth half as long again as the
third joint or somewhat longer. Pronotum at apex distinctly
broader than the head and a little broader than its own
median length, at base about one-half broader than at apex,
transversely impressed before the middle, the impression more
pronounced at the sides, lateral margins a little reflected,
scarcely or very slightly sinuated. Scutellum in the basal
half with a transverse impression, in the apical half with a
longitudinal median keel. Hemelytra in the male very slightly
passing apex of abdomen, in the female reaching base of dorsal
genital segment, the claval commissure as long as the scu-
tellum. Abdomen beneath with scattered hairs along the
apical margin of the segments; male genital segment viewed
from behind deeply arcuately sinuate, the apical margin
somewhat angularly prominent in the middle, the claspers
crossed, pale-ferruginous. First joint of hind tarsi distinctly
longer than the two other joints together. Length: 3, 7
mame), 3 nam:
South Australia (near Adelaide), in nest of Trichosurus
vulpecula, Kerr.
55
This species is closely allied to C. laticollis, Horv., but is:
distinguished from it by the much broader vertex. Dr.
Horvath, who has kindly compared specimens of mdicola with
the type of laticollis in the Budapest Museum, writes to me
that /aticollis differs from the new species also in the following
characters: —The upper side is still more finely and densely
punctulate, the lateral margins of the pronotum are more
distinctly reflexed, the orange-yellow basal border of the pro-
notum is strongly dilated exteriorly and thereby the humeral
angles are very broadly yellow, this colour being narrowly
extended even along the lateral margins through three-fourths
their length; and the legs are brownish, with only the coxe,
trochanters (except their black tip), and tarsi yellow. There
are also some minor differences in the mutual length of the
antennal joints. Horvath also writes that the female specimen
standing in the Vienna Museum under the name /aticollis may
possibly, upon closer examination, prove to belong to nidicola.
The colour of the larve of (. nidicola is fuscous-black,
but the abdomen is red, with the two or three last dorsal
segments in the middle greenish-testaceous in hue; only in
the youngest larve the abdomen is, at least sometimes, en-
tirely black. In the oldest larve the apical flaps of the
hemelytral parts of the scuto-tegmen are testaceous. The
antenne are brownish-testaceous, with the last joint (except
a narrow basal ring) much paler. The legs are of a livid
testaceous colour. The head is considerably longer than
broad with much smaller eyes than in the imago and with
no trace of ocelli even in the full-grown larve ; in the youngest
larve the eyes scarcely project beyond the postocular margins
of the head, and the distance between the eyes is eight times
broader than an eye. Rostrum notably longer than in the
imago, reaching or slightly passing the middle of the venter.
Antennze constructed almost as in the imago, but in the
youngest larve with the second joint comparatively shorter,
being scarcely longer than the last joint. The larve before
me belonging to the younger stages are in so poor condition
that their other structural characters cannot be properly made
out, but the two last stages show the following additional
characters : —
Fourth Stage.—Distance beween eyes six times broader
than an eye. Pronotum three times broader than long in the
middle, lateral margins narrowly reflexed, the transverse im-
pression placed far behind the middle, anterior lobe more
than three times longer than posterior lobe, with an impressed
longitudinal median line not quite reaching the apical margin,
and with a foveate impression on each side of the disk.
Scutellum coalescent with the tegmina, but separated from
56
them by an obtuse impression, and with a more or less im-
pressed, sometimes paler, longitudinal median line; tegmina
divergent, reaching the first dorsal abdominal segment,
rounded at apex, their exterior margin reflexed, the inner
(apical) margin oblique, angularly sinuate somewhat outside
the apex of the scutellum, clavus not separated from corium.
Length, 4-4-4 mm.
Fifth Stage.—Distance between eyes five times broader
than an eye. Pronotum two times and a half broader than
long in the middle, in other points as in the fourth stage.
Scutellum as in the fourth stage; tegmina directed backwards,
reaching a little beyond the base of the third dorsal abdominal
segment, broadly rounded at apex, the inner (apical) margin
parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body, arcuately sinuate
somewhat outside apex of scutellum; structure of tegmina
otherwise as in the fourth stage. Length, 5 mm.
Of this genus eight species are now known, five of which
occur in Australia. As Australian entomologists may find
C’. ndicola or other species of the genus by examining opossum
nests when opportunity arises, I think it useful to give a key
to the Australian species with indications of the papers where
complete descriptions of them can be found : —
1. (2) Head distinctly longer than broad
and as broad as apex of pronotum,
sides of its postocular part
straight, ocelli somewhat distant
from the eyes, first antennal joint
passing apex of head by half its
length. Brownish testaceous,
antennee fuscous with the last
joint whitish, corium more or less
obscurely infuscated on disk... apicicornis, Sign.
2. (1) Head as long as broad or little
longer, sides of its postocular
part rounded, ocelli contiguous to
the eyes or almost so.
3. (4) First antennal joint passing apex
of head by ‘half its length. Pro-
notum at apex as broad as the
head. Ferruginous, including last
antennal joint, but membrane
fuscous with a whitish streak at
the exterior basal angle... ... ferruginea, Horv.
4. (3) First antennal joint scarcely or not
much passing apex of head.
Ground-colour black. Membrane
fuscous, unicolorous.
(8) Pronotum at apex conspicuously
broader than head, its basal bor-
der yellowish. Last antennal
joint, except a narrow black basal
ring, very pale testaceous.
or
57
6. (7) Vertex one-half broader than an
eye. Yellowish basal border of
pronotum. strongly dilated at
humeral angles .. .. laticotlis, Horv.
7. (6) Vertex more than twice broader
than an eye. Yellowish basal
border of pronotum not dilated
at humeral angles ... .. nidicola, Bergr.
8. (5) Pronotum at apex not br oader than
head, its humeral angles red.
Last antennal joint black with a
rather broad white subbasal ring rufangula, Berger.
CLERADA.
Signoret in Maillard, Notes sur l’Ile de la Réunion, Ins., p. 28
(1863); Stal, Hem. Afr. ii., 155 (1865); Distant, Rhynch. Brit.
Ind. ii., 45 (1903).
1. Cl. apicicornis, Sign., l.c., pl. xx., fig. 8; Stal and Distant, Il. cc. ;
Horv., Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung. vii., 622 (1909); Gastrodes
terminalis, Walk., Cat. Hem. Het. Brit. Mus. v., 122
(1872).
Australia (without precise locality). Almost cosmopoli-
tan, but not found in the palearctic and nearctic regions.
2. Cl. ferruginea, Horv., Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung. vii., 624 (1909).
Australia (without definite locality).
3. Cl. laticollis, Horv., l.c.
Queensland (Mackay).
4. Cl. nidicola, Bergr., supra. -
South Australia (Adelaide).
5. Cl. rufangula, Bergr., Proc. Roy. Soc. Victoria vii., 295 (1895).
Western Australia.
Of the three remaining species two are known from New
Guinea and one from Borneo.
Turtola, Finland, November, 1913.
58
AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA PROCTOTRYPOIDEA.
No. 2.
By Auan P. Dopp.
(Communicated by A. M. Lea.)
[Read May 14, 1914.]
Family SCELIONIDA.
Subfamily BAGIN AL.
This subfamily appears to be well represented in Austra-
lia. In this paper all the previously-described species from
Australia are brought together, and two new genera and
thirty-two new species are described, thus bringing the known
‘species of the subfamily in Australia to a total of forty-seven.
Of the species described here, four were received from the
South Australian Museum, the others being captured by Mr.
A. A. Girault and myself in North Queensland. With one
exception, I have not identified any male specimens.
The magnification used throughout was 3-in. objective,
l-in. optic, Bausch and Lomb.
Table of Genera.
Females.
(1) Antennal club solid; the antenne :
not more than 7-jointed a (2)
Antennal club divided; the antenne
more than 7 -jointed ie (12)
(2) Antenne with 1 ring, 3 funicle-
joints; otherwise as in Acolus,
Foerster... 1. Acolomorpha, Dodd
Antenne with no . ring, ‘4 funicle-
joints Se RL at een Nh RemENMA De eh a wretarts” CCG}
(3) maneed ETOAC Meee ree rar ea ren (4)
Wingless a (10)
(4) Forewings with only < a " submarginal
yen . 2. Aphanomerus, Perkins
Forewings with at least submar-
ginal, marginal, and stigmal veins (5)
(5) Postmarginal wer absent)... oO)
Postmarginal vein present... . (8)
(6) Basal abdominal segment with a
lovoigrale iene 3. Ceratobeus, Ashmead
Basal abdominal segment without a
horn 2: : (7)
(7) Abdomen “sessile ; maxillary palpi
2-jointed .. 4. Acolus, Foerster
Abdomen petiolate; maxillary palpi
A-jointed ... ... 0. Acoloides, Howard
‘ 59
(8) Basal abdominal
horn Z.
Basal abdominal segment without a
horn . ad ae ee
(9) Abdomen sessile ...
Abdomen petiolate
(10) Seutellum absent
Scutellum present ..
(11) Basal abdominal segment with a
Hob.
Rene abdominal ‘segment. without a
Beeronh with a
hor
(12) Me teelal funicle. 4-jointed Bh a a
Antennal funicle 5-jointed ; wingless
(13) Wingless; scutellum absent ; anten-
nal club 4-jointed . P és
Winged; scutellum present ete
(14) Basal abdominal segment with a
horn; antennal club 4-jointed;
parapsidal furrows absent .
Basal abdominal segment without
a horn; antennal club 6-jointed ;
parapsidal furrows present...
(15) Seutellum present
Scutellum absent
6. Odontacolus, Kieffer
(9)
7. Dyscritobeus, Perkins.
8. Pseudobeus, Perkins
9. Beus, Haliday
(11)
3. Ceratobeus, Ashmead
10. Psilacolus, Kieffer
(13)
(15)
11. Parabeus, Wieffer
(14)
12. Ceratobeoides, Dodd
. Thoron, Haliday
. Mirobeus, nov. gen.
ACOLOMORPHA MINUTA, Dodd, 1913.
@. Shining-black ;
0-75 mm.
legs and antennz black.
Length,
/Tab.—North Queensland: Nelson, forest.
Type.—Il. 1948, South Australian Museum.
on a slide.
APHANOMERUS () AUREUS,
A female
Dodd, 1913:
Q. Differs from pusillus, Perkins, in its larger and more:
robust form, its rather darker colour,
and in having the ab-
domen no longer than wide (fully one-half longer than wide
in pusillus). Length, 1°30 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson, forest.
Type.—l. 1949, South Australian Museum.
on a Slide.
APHANOMERUS BICOLOR,
Bred from leafhopper eggs.”
“Queensland. Common.
A female
Perkins.
I have caught this species at Nelson and Kuranda, near Cairns..
APHANOMERUS NIGER, Perkins.
“Queensland: Bundaberg. Bred from Fulgorid eggs.”
(1) This genus appears to belong to the family Platygasteride,
. Mirobeoides, nov. gen.
since it has all the characters of that family except the solid
antennal club. Its position in that family is apparently firmly
established through its relationship with the genus A phanomerella,,
Dodd
60
APHANOMERUS PUSILLUS, Perkins.
“Queensland. Very common. Bred from eggs of
‘Siphanta.”’ Eight females on a slide which are, no doubt,
this species, were received from the Queensland Museum and
labelled: ‘“‘Brisbane, H. Hacker.”’ The species has also been
captured at Nelson.
APHANOMERUS FLAVUS, Sp. nov.
Like pusillus, Perkins, but the head is concolourous
with the body, the eyes and ocelli being black; in pusdllus
the first funicle-joint is distinctly longer than wide, in flavus
it is not or scarcely longer than wide. ‘The forewings of both
species are long; moderately broad, the margins equally in-
clined, hyaline; marginal cilia short; discal cilia fine and
dense. Antennz 7-jointed; scape long, equal to next five
joints combined ; pedicel long, two and a half times as long
as wide; funicle-joints much narrower than the pedicel, all
small; club almost twice as long as wide, two-thirds as long
as the scape. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson, Rossville. A very
‘common species at Nelson, where it has been bred from Ful-
gorid eggs. One female was caught at Rossville, January 15,
OM CAS VAS Gara):
Type.—Il. 1950, South Australian Museum. A female on
‘a slide.
APHANOMERUS RUFESCENS, Perkins.
“Queensland: Cairns. Bred from Fulgorid eggs.” I have
taken this species at Nelson by sweeping in the forest. It
resembles flavus, but the head and thorax are black. Also
‘captured at Brisbane by Mr. H. Hacker.
APHANOMERUS SORDIDUS, sp. nov.
Q. Like rufescens, Perkins, but the abdomen is dark-
brown and the antennz are wholly black; in rufescens, all
the joints (except the club) are bright-yellow. Length,
0-390 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Three females sweep-
ing in forest, slopes of hills, July 9, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I1. 1951, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide. .
APHANOMERUS NIGRICEPS, sp. nov.
@. like sordidus, Dodd, but the abdomen is bright-
brown, the mesonotum and scutellum are dark-brown, the
metanotum and thorax ventrad light-brown. Length,
‘0°90 mm.
61
Hab.—North Queensland: Halifax, one female sweep-
ing grass, February 28, 1913 (A. A. Girault) ; and Pentland,
two females sweeping in forest, January 4, 1913 (A. A.
Girault).
Type.—I. 1952, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERATOBHUS LEAI, sp. nov.
Q. Dark brownish-yellow; eyes, ocelli, antennal club,
and the abdomen (except first segment) almost black; rest of
antennz and the legs golden-yellow. Head transverse, much
wider than the thorax; eyes large, bare; ocelli in a triangle,
the lateral ones touching the eye margins; mandibles triden-
tate. Thorax one-half longer than wide; pronotum slightly
visible from above; mesonotum finely sculptured, without
parapsidal furrows; scutellum small, semicircular. Abdomen
with a short petiole; wider and longer than the thorax; first
segment short, transverse, with a cylindrical horn projecting
over the thorax as far as the apex of the scutellum; third
segment the longest, equal to two-fifths abdominal length ;
basal segment and its horn striate, rest of thorax finely poly-
gonally sculptured. Antenne 7-jointed ; scape equal to pedicel
and funicle-joints combined ; pedicel one-half longer than wide ;
funicle-joints much narrower than the pedical; first a little
longer than wide ; 2-4 short, transverse ; club very large, one-
half longer than wide, as long as the scape. Forewings rudi-
mentary ; scarcely reaching the abdomen, visible only as thick
hairs. Length, 1:10 mm.
Hab.—South Queensland: Mount Tambourine. Described
from two females labelled: “Rotting leaves; A. M. Lea.’’
I have much pleasure in naming this curious species after the
discoverer.
Type.—lI. 1953, South Australian Museum. Two females
on a tag, plus a slide bearing head and antenne.
CERATOBHUS FLAVICORPUS, sp. nov.
©. Head, thorax, and horn on abdomen _ brownish-
yellow; abdomen and legs golden-yellow; antenne dusky-
yellow; eyes and ocelli black. Head a little wider than the
thorax ; thorax a little wider than long. Abdomen pointed
ovate, not as wide as the thorax; a little longer than the head
and thorax combined ; abdomen wholly striate ; horn as in the
preceding species. Antennz almost as in /eai, Dodd. Fore-
wings moderately long and broad; hyaline; submarginal vein
attaining the costa about the middle of the wing; marginal
vein short; stigmal vein rather long, oblique. Length,
1:00 mm.
62
Hlab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from seve-
ral specimens caught by sweeping grass on edge of jungle.
Type.—I. 1954, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERATOBAUS LONGICORNUTUS, sp. nov.
Q. Differs from flavicorpus, Dodd, in having a longer
horn on the abdomen, the horn projecting as far as the centre
of the mesonotum. Length, 1:10 mm.
/lab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from seve-
ral specimens caught by sweeping grass in forest.
Type.—I. 1955, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERATOBZUS PARVICORNUTUS, Sp. nov.
©. Differs from flavicorpus, Dodd, in its lighter colour-
ation ; in having the abdomen a little wider than the thorax ;
the horn on the basal segment being small, scarcely more
than a tubercle. Forewings as in flavicorpus. Antenne
7-jointed ; pedicel slender, twice as long as wide; first funicle-
joint slightly shorter and narrower than the pedicel, almost
twice as long as wide; 2-4 short, transverse; club very large,
two and a half times as long as wide, as long as the scape.
Length, 1°25 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from a
single specimen caught on a window, January, 1912 (A. A.
Girault).
Type.—I. 1956, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERATOBHUS FASCIATUS, sp. nov.
@. Golden-yellow; horn on abdomen dusky-biack ; ab-
domen with two dark bands; eyes and ocelli black. Abdomen
_ distinctly longer than the head and thorax combined; horn
on basal segment projecting as far as apex of scutellum. An-
tenn as in flavicorpus. Forewings as in flavicorpus, but the
last third of wing, and a band at the stigmal vein infuscated.
Length, 1-40 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Yungaburra, 2,400 ft. De-
scribed from one specimen caught by sweeping in and on edge
of jungle, December 30, 1912 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—I. 1957, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide, with the type of girault:, Dodd.
CERATOBHUS GIRAULTI, sp. nov.
Q. Head and thorax black; abdomen brown; legs and
antenne dusky-yellow. Antenne as in parvicornutus, Dodd.
Forewings as in parvicornutus, but the stigmal vein is shorter
63
than usual. Abdomen scarcely as long as the head and thorax
combined ; horn as in fasciatus, Dodd. Length, 1:05 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Yungaburra, 2,400 ft. De-
scribed from one specimen taken with fasciatus, Dodd.
Type.—I. 1958, South Australian Museum. A female
on a slide, with the type of fasciatus, Dodd.
CERATOBEZUS FASCIATIVENTRIS, sp. nov.
@. Golden-yellow, with darker bands at the joinings of
the abdominal segments; antennal club fuscous; eyes and
ocelli black. Abdomen distinctly wider than the thorax;
longer than the head and thorax combined; horn on basal
segment short, blunt. Antenne and forewings as in parvi-
cornutus. Length, 1°50 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Proserpine. Described from
one specimen caught on a window, November 4, 1912 (A. A.
Girault). Later a female was found caught on a window,
Ingham, February 16, 1913 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—I. 1959, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERATOBZUS VARICORNIS, sp. nov.
Q@. Black; mesonotum and scutellum golden-yellow ;
abdomen bright-brown ; legs, golden-yellow; antenne golden-
yellow, the pedicel black. Abdomen no wider than the
thorax; as long as the head and thorax united; first and
second segments striate; third segment equal to one-half ab-
dominal length, finely, densely punctured ; horn on basal seg-
ment projecting as far as apex of scutellum. Antenne
7-jointed ; scape very long, equal to pedicel and funicle-
_ joints united ; pedicel long, two and a half times as long as
wide; first funicle-joint nearly as long as the pedicel but
much narrower, fully three times as long as wide; second
scarcely longer than wide; third as wide as long ; fourth wider
than long; club fully twice as long as wide, as long as the
funicle. Forewings long; broad; hyaline; marginal cilia
moderately long ; discal cilia fine and dense ; submarginal vein
attaining the costa a little before the middle of the wing;
stigmal vein very long, scarcely oblique; venation yellow.
Length, 1:75 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
specimen caught by sweeping in forest, July 1, 1913 (Alan
P. Dodd).
Type.—l. 1960, South Australian Museum. A female,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and fore-
wings.
64
CERATOBZUS MIRABILIS, sp. nov.
Q. Black; abdomen dark-brown; sides of abdomen, legs
(except the coxe), and antennze lemon-yellow ; femora suffused
with black. Structure as in varicornis, Dodd, but the horn ~
on the abdomen projects over the thorax as far as the head ;
it fits into a groove on the thorax, but can readily be separated
from the thorax; the horn is finely rugulcse. Antennz
7-joimted ; pedicel not twice as long as wide; funicle-joints
all small, first a little longer than wide ; 2-4 short, transverse ;
club scarcely longer than wide. Forewings as in varicornis,
but the venation is fuscous and the basal vein is distinct.
Length, 1°50 mm.
HTab.—North Queensland: Pentland. Described from
one specimen caught by sweeping in forest, January 4, 1913
(A. A. Girault).
Type.—Il. 1961, South Australian Museum. A female,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antennz, and fore-
wings.
CERATOBZUS GRANDIS, Dodd, 1913.
Q. Differing from flavicorpus, Dodd, in its much larger
size, and the antennz are different, the first funicle-joint be-
ing as long as the pedicel, and fully four times as long as
wide. Length, 2°10 mm.
Hlab.—North Queensland: Nelson.
Type.—l. 1962, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antennz, and forewings.
CERATOBZUS AUREUS, Dodd, 1913.
Q. Differing from parvicornutus, Dodd, mainly in the
shorter pedicel and first funicle-joint. Length, 1 mm.
ITab.—North Queensland: Nelson.
Type.—lI. 1963, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERATOBEZUS ELONGATUS, Dodd, 1913.
Q. Head and thorax black; abdomen bright yellowish-
brown; horn on abdomen black, but brown at base; legs and
antenne golden-yellow. Abdomen very long and slender;
horn on basal segment very long. Length, 1°75 mm.
Hab.—-North Queensland: Nelson.
Type.—I. 1964, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and forewings.
CERATOBHUS MACULATUS, Dodd, 1913.
@. Yellow, with a spot on each side of abdomen at the
centre, and apex of abdomen black. Horn on abdomen reach-
ing to apex of scutellum. Antenne and forewings as in
parvicornutus, Dodd. Length, 1:40 mm.
65
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson.
Type.—I. 1965, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERATOBEUS SETOSUS, sp. nov.
©. Black; tibie and tarsi reddish-brown. Head, thorax,
and abdomen (except the first three segments dorsad), covered
with dense, short, greyish pubescence. Head slightly wider
than thorax; eyes hairy; mandibles tridentate. Thorax one-
half longer than wide. Abdomen distinctly longer and wider
than the thorax; first three segments striate; third segment
occupying one-third the surface; horn on first segment short,
blunt. Antennz 7-jointed; scape longer than pedicel and
funicle-joints combined; pedicel two and a half times as
long as wide; funicle-joints much narrower than pedicel, first
a little longer than wide, 2-4 very short, transverse; club
twice as long as wide, nearly as long as scape. Forewings
barely reaching apex of abdomen; broad; infuscated, the in-
fuscation not uniform, deepest in centre of wing ; submarginal
vein attaining costa about middle of wing; marginal vein
-
punctiform ;
stigmal vein very long, scarcely oblique ;
basal
vein distinct, perpendicular ; venation black. Length, 1°50 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson.
Described from one
female caught on a window, October 29, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I1. 1966, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antennz, and forewings.
Table of Australian Species of Ceratobeus, Ashmead.
Females.
(1) Wings rudimentary
Wings fully developed ..
(2) Major colour black, or dark-brown
Major colour yellow, or bright-brown
(3) Basal vein not visible : horn on ab-
domen reaching apex of scutellum
Basal vein distinct ... .
(4) Horn on abdomen reaching to the
head ,
Horn on abdomen. short, “blunt
(5) Abdomen no longer than head and
thorax united .
Abdomen twice as Tong as head and
thorax united .
(6) Head, metathorax,
ventrad, black hs
Head and thorax uniform bright-
yellow a
(7) reas ings with two bands
Forewings not banded...
(8) Abdomen marked with black .
Abdomen uniformly yellow
D
; and thorax
Dodd
leat,
(
(3)
(6)
giraultt,
(4)
(5)
setosus,
Dodd
Dodd
Dodd
elongatus, Dodd
mirabilis,
varicornis, Dodd
(Qe)
fasciatus, Dodd
(8)
(9)
(10)
66
(9) Abdomen with bands at the seg-
mental sutures ie fasciativentris, Dodd
Abdomen with a spot on each side
at the centre, and the apex, black maculatus, Dodd
(10) Horn on abdomen reaching to
centre of mesonotum ... .. longicornutus, Dodd
Horn on abdomen reaching apex
of scutellum ... Lao)
Horn on abdomen short, blunt Oe amallton)
(11) First funicle-joint as long as pedi-
cel, and fully four times as long
as wide .. bee VorTandis. Doda
First funicle- joint much shorter
than pedicel, and only a little
longer than wide ... flavicorpus, Dodd
(12) Pedicel one-half longer than ‘wide:
first funicle-joint no longer than
wide; forewings rather narrow ... aureus, Dodd
Pedicel fully twice as long as wide;
first funicle-joint almost twice as
long as wide; forewings broad ... parvicornutus, Dodd
CERATOBZOIDES HACKERI, Dodd, 1913.
@. Reddish-brown ; eyes and ocelli black ; antennze some-
what dusky ; legs golden-yellow. Length, 1:75 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Brisbane.
Type.—Hy. 1630, Queensland Museum, Brisbane. A fe-
male on a slide.
CERATOBHOIDES LONGICEPS, Dodd, 1913.
@. Reddish-brown; head black; abdomen, except first
segment, black. Length, 1:50 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Brisbane.
Type.—Hy. 1631, Queensland Museum, Brisbane. A fe-
male on a slide.
ACOLUS SEMINITIDUS, sp. nov.
QO. Head and thorax shining-black; abdomen, legs, and
antenne golden-yellow. Head transverse, a little wider than
the thorax. Thorax one-half longer than wide, finely poly-
gonally sculptured; mesonotum without furrows. Abdomen
sessile ; as long as head and thorax united ; no wider than the
thorax, wholly longitudinally striate; first segment short,
transverse ; second a little longer; third the longest segment
but no longer than first and second combined. Antenne
7-joimted, scape equal to pedicel and funicle-joints united,
pedicel scarcely longer than wide; funicle joints small, much
narrower than the pedicel ; first a little longer than wide; 2-4
transverse ; club large, scarcely longer than wide. Forewings
rather long; broad; hyaline; submarginal vein terminating
about the middle of the wing; marginal vein short; stigmal
vein long, oblique; venation yellow. Length, 1 mm.
67
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from seve-
ral specimens caught while sweeping in forest.
Type.—lI. 1967, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
ACOLUS MAGNUS, sp. nov.
Q. Head and thorax deep golden-yellow ; abdomen, legs,
and antenne lemon-yellow; eyes and ocelli black. Thorax
scarcely longer than wide. Abdomen as wide as the thorax ;
as long as the head and thorax united ; first and second seg-
ments striate; third segment equal to one-half abdominal
length, finely rugulose. Antenne 7-jointed; scape equal to
pedicel and funicle-joints united; pedicel twice as long as
wide ; funicle-joints much narrower than the pedicel; first a
little longer than wide; 2-4 transverse; club large, as long as
the scape. Forewings as in seminitidus, Dodd, but the
marginal vein is thickened, very distinct, and the stigmal vein
is almost perpendicular. Length, 1°30 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from a
single specimen caught while sweeping grass in forest, Decem-
ber 29, 1912 (Alan P. Dodd).
Type.—Il. 1968, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
ACOLUS OVI, sp. nov.
QO. Like magnus, Dodd, but the colouration is deeper ;
the pedicel and funicle-joints of the antennz are dusky-black ;
the abdomen is distinctly wider than the thorax; the first
and second abdominal segments are shorter, the third occupy-
ing four-fifths of the abdominal length, and the stigmal vein
is more oblique. Length, 110 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from a
single specimen taken from a spider’s egg-bag, forest, Sep-
tember 3, 1912 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—Il. 1969, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
ACOLUS ANGUSTIPENNIS, sp. nov.
Q. Like ov, Dodd, but the antennz are wholly yellow;
the forewings in ov: extend a little beyond apex of abdomen,
they extend well beyond apex of abdomen in angustipennis ;
they are narrower ; the submarginal vein attains the costa be-
fore the middle of the wing, and the stigmal vein is more
oblique. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
specimen caught by sweeping low vegetation, forest, April 24,
1912 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—Il. 1970, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
D2
68
ACOLUS FLAVIOS, sp. nov.
Q. Like magnus, Dodd, but differs in having the pedicel
slender, two and a half times as long as wide; first funicle-
joint two and a half times as long as wide; pedicel, funicle-
joints, and club dusky-black. Length, 1°40 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Ayr, Nelson, and Kuranda.
Described from one specimen taken on window of blacksmith’s
shop, Ayr, November 6, 1912 (A. A. Girault); one female
sweeping grass on edge of jungle, Kuranda, December 20,
1912 (A. P. Dodd); and several females caught by sweeping
grass in forest. Nelson, June-July, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—tl. 1971, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
ACOLUS UNIFASCIATIPENNIS, sp. nov.
Q. Like magnus, Dodd, but the forewings extend well
beyond apex of abdomen, a single transverse band crosses the
wing at the stigmal vein. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Rossville. Described from one
femaie caught on a window, February 23, 1912 (A. A.
Girault) ; also one female sweeping on edge of jungle, Kur-
anda, September 14, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—l. 1972, South Austrahan Museum. A female
on a slide.
ACOLUS PULCHER, sp. nov.
Q. like the preceding species but the forewings are
narrower, a little infuscated, the band is darker, the pedicel
is more slender, and the first funicle-joint is long and slender,
twice as long as wide. Length, 1°25 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from two
females caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, May 10, 1913
(A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I. 1973, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
ACOLUS SORDIDUS, sp. nov.
@. Black; abdomen somewhat suffused with brown ; legs
and antennz suffused with yellow. Antennz 7-jointed ; scape
equal to next five joints combined; pedicel scarcely longer
than wide; funicle-joints minute, all wider than long; club
a little longer than wide, nearly as long as the scape. Fore-
wings reaching apex of abdomen ; moderately broad ; hyaline ;
marginal cilia rather short; discal cilia fine and dense; sub-
marginal vein attaining the costa about the middle of the
wing; marginal vein one-half as long as the stigmal, which
is rather long, almost perpendicular ; venation brown. Length,
0°85 mm. :
69
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
specimen caught by sweeping in forest, July 9, 1913 (A. P.
Dodd).
T'ype.—I. 1974, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
ACOLUS FLAVIPES, Dodd.
@. Black; first abdominal segment, legs, and antennz
honey-yellow. Basal vein not present. Length, 1:10 mm.
/Tab.—North Queensland: Nelson, common on windows.
Type.—l. 1975, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
ACOLUS SILVENSIS, Dodd.
Q. At once distinguished from flavipes, Dodd, in having
the basal vein present and distinct. Length, 1°30 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson, jungle. ;
Type.—l. 1976, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
AcOoLUS AMPLUS, Dodd.
Q. Belongs to the yellow group of species, but differs
from all its allies in having the femora and tibize, as well as
the antennal scape and club and apex of abdomen, dusky-
brown. Length, 1°30 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson, forest.
Type.—\. 1977, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antennz, and forewings.
ACOLUS BRUNNEUS, sp. nov.
Q. Head and thorax black ; abdomen brown ; legs golden-
yellow ; antennal scape yellow; rest of antenne fuscous. Head
no wider than the thorax. Thorax a little longer than wide,
finely polygonally sculptured. Abdomen as long as the head
and thorax united, a little wider than the thorax; first and
second segments distinctly striate; third segment very feebly
striate. Antenne 7-jointed; scape as long as pedicel and
funicle-joints united ; pedicel twice as long as wide; funicle-
joints much narrower than the pedicel ; first as long as wide;
2-4 very short, transverse; club large, one-half longer than
wide. Forewings reaching apex of abdomen; rather broad ;
hyaline, with a dark stripe at apex of stigmal vein; discal
cilia fine and dense; submarginal vein attaining the costa
about middle of wing ; marginal vein short ; stigmal vein long,
almost perpendicular; basal vein distinct, perpendicular ;
venation fuscous, distinct. Length, 1°25 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in jungle, July 26, 1913 (A. A.
Girault).
70
Type.—\. 1978, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
ACOLUS SPECIOSSISSIMUS, sp. nov.
@. Golden-yellow; a square patch near the cephalic
margin of mesonotum mesad, a transverse band occupying
cephalic half of scutellum, and the metanotum, dusky-black-
ish ; eyes and ocelli black. Mesonotum and scutellum densely
shagreened ; metathorax short, longitudinally rugose, with a
blunt spine at its caudal margin mesad, and one at each caudo-
lateral extremity. Abdomen no longer or wider than the
thorax ; first and second segments striate ; third finely reticu-
lately rugose. Antennz 7-jointed; scape long and slender,
equal to pedicel and funicle-joints united ; pedicel nearly twice
as long as wide; funicle-joints much narrower than pedicel,
first a little longer than wide; 2-4 short, transverse; club as
long as scape, about twice as long as its greatest width. Man-
dibles strongly tridentate. Forewings reaching apex of ab-
domen ; moderately broad; hyaline, with a transverse black
band involving the marginal and stigmal veins, and a lighter
band at apex, the latter band being much wider than the
first; the hyaline band between the two dark bands is as
wide as the first dark band; marginal cilia moderately long ;
discal cilia fine, very dense; submarginal vein attaining the
costa slightly before middle of wing; marginal vein short;
stigmal vein rather long, scarcely oblique, its apex curved
slightly disto-cephalad; basal vein not indicated. Length,
1°40 mm.
/Tab.—North Queensland: Kuranda. Described from one
female caught by sweeping foliage in jungle, 1,200 ft., Decem-
losie A ILSllay (ee, 1b. IDole))).
Type.—I1. 1979, South Australian Museum. A female om
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antennz, and forewings.
Table of Australian Species of Acolus, Foerster.
Females.
(1) Head and thorax black; abdomen
usually dark-brown or black... (2)
Head, thorax, and abdomen golden-
yellow, or brownish-yellow, some-
times marked with black ... ... (6)
(2) Abdomen bright golden-yellow ... seminitidus, Dodd
Abdomen, except sometimes the
first segment, dark-brown or
ack 5 oc) VEN en eae ek eee se (C3)
(3) First abdominal segment honey or
colden=yellopmye i een, s-s ala)
Abdomen wholly dark-brown or
black Ok RCE Dy aa ee 8! ee 2) (5)
(4) Basal vein not indicated .. .. flavipes, Dodd
Basal vein present, distinct ... silvensis, Dodd
71
:
(5) Basal vein not indicated wa ‘ase SOTMUAUSHE Dana
Basal vein present, distinct ... ... brunneus. Dodd
(6) Thorax not marked with black,
uniform in colour ... (7)
Thorax marked with black” on meso-
notum, scutellum, and metanotum ;
forewings with two bands ... ... speciossissimus, Dodd
(7) Legs wholly bright-yellow CS
Femora and tibie dusky-brown ... amplus, Dodd
(8) Forewings with one dark band 9
Forewings not banded ... (10)
(9) First funicle-joint scarcely longer
than wide ... unifasciutipennis, Dodd
First funicle-joint ‘slender, “twice as
long as wide .. ... pulcher, Dodd
(10) First funicle-joint slender two and
a half times as long as wide ...__flavios, Dodd
First funicle-joint not or scarcely
longer than wide ... GED)
(11) Forewings extending well beyond
apex of abdomen; submarginal
vein attaining costa before middle :
OM wWWwIng .-- 2. ... angustipennis, Dodd
Forewings extending slightly be-
yond apex of abdomen; submar-
ginal vein attaining costa about
middle of wing Sige 35, BAD)
(12) Antenne wholly yellow ; “third ab-
dominal segment occupying one-
half the surface . magnus, Dodd
Pedicel and funicle-joints almost
black; third abdominal segment
occupying four-fifths the surface ovi, Dodd
ACOLOIDES MACULOSUS, sp. nov.
©. Head and thorax reddish-brown ; abdomen lemon-
yellow, with two oval patches on each side of the abdomen at
the centre, and two transverse bands near the apex, black; legs
and antennz lemon-yellow; eyes and ocelli black. Antenne
‘7-jointed ; scape equal to the pedicel and funicle-joints gom-
bined ; pedicel a little longer than wide; funicle-joints very
small; first as long as wide; 2-4 transverse; club nearly as
long as the scape. Forewings rather short; moderately broad ;
a little infuscated ; submarginal vein attaining the costa about
the middle of the wing; marginal vein very short; stigmal vein
rather long ; basal vein very indistinct. Length, 0°75 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from ons
female caught on a window, December, 1912 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I. 1980, South Australian Museum. A female on
‘a Slide with the types of Pseudobeus splendidus, Dodd.
ACOLOIDES AUREOLUS, sp. nov.
Q. Golden-yellow ; eyes and ocelli black ; antenne dusky-
yellow. Antennz as in the preceding species. Forewings
(o
moderately narrow; a little infuscated with a darker trans-
verse band at the stigmal vein; submarginal vein attaining
the costa about the middle of the wing; marginal vein two-
thirds length of stigmal which is rather short, its apex curv-
ing slightly disto-cephalad. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught on a window, December 27, 1912 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I. 1981, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
ODONTACOLUS AUSTRALICUS, sp. nov.
Q. Head black; thorax dark brown ; abdomen, legs, and
antennz (except the club) bright golden-yellow ; antennal club
dark-brown. Head transverse, as wide as the thorax. Thorax
scarcely longer than wide, finely polygonally sculptured; me-
sonotum without furrows; metanotum with two short spines.
Abdomen petiolate, as long as the head and thorax united,
wider than the thorax; first segment with a short horn; third
segment a little the longest; 1-3 striate. Antennze 7-jointed :
scape long and slender, longer than next five joints com-
bined ; pedicel a little longer than wide: funicle-joints small,
first a little longer than wide ; 2-4 very short, transverse ; club
large, fully twice as long as wide, almost as long as the scape.
Forewings reaching apex of abdomen; rather narrow; almost
hyaline ; marginal cilia short ; discal cilia fine and dense ; sub-
marginal vein attaining the costa about the middle of the
wing; marginal vein short; stigmal vein moderately long,
oblique; postmargina! vein a little longer than the stigma;
venation pale-yellow. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland : Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, se 105 0 ls
(A. P. Dodd).
Type.—l. 1982, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
, PSEUDOBHZUS RUFUS, sp. nov.
3. Dark reddish-brown ; legs and antennal scape paler ;
eyes and ocelli black. Head a little wider than the thorax,
which is distinctly longer than wide; mesonotum without
furrows. Abdomen petiolate, as wide and a little longer than
the thorax. Antennz 12-jointed; scape equal to next four
joints combined ; pedicel short and stout, but a little narrower
than first funicle-joint, which is a little longer than wide;
2-9 subequal, moniliform, a little wider than long; last joint
twice as long as wide. Forewings a little infuscated; sub-
marginal vein attaining the costa before the middle of the
wing; marginal vein one-half as long as the stigmal, which
is moderately long, oblique; postmarginal vein as long as the
stigmal. Length, 0°80 mm.
73
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
male caught on a window, December, 1912 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I1. 1983, South Australian Museum. A male on
a slide.
PSEUDOBEZUS SPLENDIDUS, sp. nov.
Q. light reddish-brown; eyes, ocelli, and scutellum
black. Antenne 7-jointed; scape equal to next five joints
combined ; pedicel one-half longer than wide; first funicle-
joint as wide and almost as long as the pedicel ; 2-4 very small,
transverse; club large, as long as the scape. Forewings a.
little infuscated ; submarginal vein attaining the costa a little
beyond the middle of the wing; marginal vein as long as the
stigmal; postmarginal vein a little longer than the stigmal.
Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from two
females caught with the preceding species.
Type.—l. 1984, South Australian Museum. Two females
‘on a slide, with the type of Acoloides maculosus, Dodd.
BAUS LEAI, sp. nov.
Q. Head, thorax, and abdomen reddish-brown ; eyes and
ocelli black; legs reddish-yellow. Antennal scape and pedicel
black, rest yellow. Head transverse, much wider than the
thorax ; ocelli wide apart, the lateral ones almost touching the
eye margins. Thorax distinctly wider than long; mesonotum
smooth, without furrows; scutellum absent; metathorax very
short. Abdomen sessile; broadly oval, scarcely longer than
wide, much wider than the thorax, and longer than the head
and thorax united ; first and second segments very small ; third
segment equal to four-fifths the abdominal length. Wings
entirely wanting. Antennz 7-jointed ; scape longer than next
five joints combined; pedicel one-half longer than wide;
funicle-joints small ; first a little longer than wide; 2-4 trans-_
verse ; club large, as long as the scape. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Sydney. Described from one
female collected by Mr. A. M. Lea, after whom the insect
is named. Subsequently a female was caught at Nelson,
North Queensland.
Type.—I. 1985, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head and antenne.
MIROBEUS, nov. gen.
Q. Head transverse, much wider than the thorax; eyes
large, bare; ocelli in a triangle, the lateral ones touching the
eye margins; mandibles tridentate, the middle tooth small.
"Thorax as wide as long ; pronotum slightly visible from above ;
mesonotum as long as wide, without furrows; scutellum rather
74
large, three times as wide as long, rounded posteriorly ; meta-
thorax very short. Abdomen sessile; broadly oval; as long
as the thorax and much wider ; first segment short, transverse .
second segment rather long; third segment the longest, one-
half longer than the second; remainder very short. Wings
entirely wanting. Antennz 11-jointed; scape, pedicel, five
funicle-joints, and a 4-jointed club; scape long and slender ;
pedicel rather short; funicle-joints small, first as long as wide, .
2-5 minute, very transverse; club large, distinctly 4-jointed.
Type.—The following species.
MiIRoOBZUS BICOLOR, sp. nov.
@. Head and abdomen shining-black; thorax reddish-
brown ; legs and antennz golden-yellow ; antennal club brown.
Head, thorax, and abdomen with fine, polygonal sculpture.
Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Ourimbah. Described from
one female labelled: “Rotting leaves; A. M. Lea.’’
Type.—I. 1986, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head.
MIROBZOIDES, nov. gen.
Q. Differs from IMdirobeus, Dodd, in lacking the scutel-
lum, and in having the first segment of the abdomen as wide
as the thorax, third segment equal to almost the whole ab-
dominal length.
Type.—The following species.
MIROBAOIDES TASMANICUS, sp. Nov.
Q. Shining-black ; legs and antennal scape reddish-yellow
suffused with black. Head, thorax, and abdomen with fine,
_ polygonal sculpture. Antennz 11-jointed; scape long and
slender; pedicel one-half longer than wide; funicle-joints
small, first a little longer than wide; 2-5 very minute, trans-
verse ; club large, 4-jointed. Length, 1:10 mm.
Hab.—Tasmania: Huon River. Described from one fe-
male collected by Mr. A. M. Lea.
Type.—I. 1987, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head and antenne.
Subfamily TELEASINA.
This subfamily, though it contains few genera, is rich
in species, about 200 species having been described in 1910.
I was, therefore, very much surprised at the paucity of species:
in Australia. The few species which I describe herewith are
the only ones known from Australia, and were collected by
15
Mr. A. A. Girault and myself in North Queensland. The
types are all in the collection of the South Australian Museum.
The magnification used was 3-in. objective, 1-in. optic,
Bausch and Lomb.
Table of the Genera of the Teleasine.
{1) Second abdominal segment longer
than the third tk -- 1. Gryon, Haliday
Third abdominal segment the longest,
longer than the second.. (2)
42) First ~ abdominal segment in the
female with a horn; _ posterior
and anterior angles of the meta-
notum spined, postscutellum spined (8)
First abdominal segment in the
female without a horn; anterior
angles of the metanotum not
spined : (4)
(3) Mesonotum with parapsidal furrows 2. Trissacantha, Ashmead
Mesonotum without parapsidal fur-
Me See =) es, es. Gh. a. Lentacantha, Ashmead
(4) Parapsidal furrows present; pee
scutellum with one spine_... ... (5)
Parapsidal furrows absent * (6)
(5) Antenne of male with whorls of long
hairs . 4. Xenomerus, Walker
Antennz of male without whorls of
long hairs... . 5. Trimorus, Foerster
(6) Posterior femora and tibie thickened
Posterior femora and tibie not
thickened ... .. Beige yo. BN Ce)
(7) Postscutellum not spined . ee .. 6. Paragryon, Kieffer
Postscutellum with one central spine 7. Hoplogryon, Ashmead
(8) Postscutellum with one central spine 8. Teleas, Latrielle
Postscutellum with two central spines 9. Gryonella, nov. gen.
HOPLOGRYON VARICORNIS, sp. nov.
Q. Black; first abdominal segment reddish-brown; legs
golden-yellow, the coxe suffused with black; antennal scape,
pedicel, and last five joints black, the other joints golden-
yellow. Head smooth ; a little wider than the thorax. Thorax
one-half longer than wide; mesonotum finely, closely punc-
tured ; parapsidal furrows wanting; scutellum smooth; post-
scutellum with a large spine; posterior angles of the meta-
notum spined. Abdomen petiolate; as long as the head and
thorax united, a little wider than the thorax; first segment
as long as wide; first and second segments striate; third seg-
ment equal to one-half the abdominal length, but wider than
long, smooth. Antennz 12-jointed; scape very long, equal
to next four joints combined; pedicel one-half longer than
wide ; first funicle-joint longer than the pedicel, two and a
half times as long as wide; second a little longer than the
76
first, three times as long as wide; third shorter, twice as long
as wide; fourth still shorter, but a little longer than wide ;
club slender, 6-jointed; first joint a little longer than wide;
2-5 a little wider than long, third a little the widest. Fore-
wings reaching a little beyond apex of abdomen; rather
narrow, the apex rather pointed; considerably infuscated ;
marginal cilia moderately long; discal cilia fine, very dense ;
marginal vein terminating a little beyond the middle of the
wing ; stigmal vein very short, almost perpendicular. Length,
1-75 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson and Kuranda. De-
scribed from numerous specimens caught in jungle.
Type.—I. 1988, South Australian Museum. A female,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antennz and forewings.
HOPLOGRYON SORDIDA, sp. nov.
©. Black; thorax and abdomen a little suffused with
reddish; first abdominal segment and legs reddish-yellow.
Differs from varicornis, Dodd, in having the mesonotum finely
polygonally sculptured; the spines on the postscutellum and
metanotum are shorter; the first abdominal segment is dis-
tinctly wider than long; the forewings are hyaline; first and
second funicle-joints subequal, no longer than the pedicel,
scarcely longer than wide; third and fourth much narrower
than the second, third as wide as long, fourth wider than
long ; club joints 1-5 much wider than long. Length, 1:20 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping jungle along a stream in forest,
June 14, 1913 (A. P. Doda).
Type.—I. 1989, South Australian Museum. A female,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antennz and forewings.
HOPLOGRYON BICOLOR, sp. nov.
36. Head, centre of mesonotum and scutellum, abdomen
(except first segment), and antenne black; rest of thorax, and
first abdominal segment bright reddish-brown; legs golden-
yellow. Structure as in varicornis, Dodd, but the mesonotum
is rather finely reticulately rugulose. Forewings as in vari-
cornis, but they are less infuscated and the apex is squarely
rounded. Antenne almost twice as long as the body; pedicel
very short; first funicle-joint a little shorter than the second ;
2-9 subequal. Length, 1°75 mm.
HTab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from seve-
ral males caught by sweeping in forest.
Type.—I. 1990, South Australian Museum. A male,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antennze, and fore-
wings.
77
HoPrLoGRYON RUGULOSA, sp. nov.
Q. Like bicolor, Dodd, but the mesonotum and scutellum
are wholly black, the rest of the thorax is deeper. reddish,
the coxz are black; scutellum and abdomen (except first and
second segments which are striate) reticulately rugulose ; first
abdominal segment very transverse; forewings more infus-
cated. Antennz 12-jointed ; pedicel one-half longer than wide ;.
first funicle-joint a little longer than the pedicel; second as
long as the pedicel; third and fourth wider than long; club
6-jointed, third joint slightly the widest. Length, 1°75 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson and’ Kuranda. De-
scribed from one female caught by sweeping jungle, Little
Mulgrave River, June 10, 1913 (A. P. Dodd); also several
females caught in jungle, Kuranda, May 13, 1913 (A. P.
Dodd).
Type.—I. 1991, South Australian Museum. A female,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and fore-
wings.
HopPLOGRYON PUNCTATA, sp. nov.
Q. Black; legs (including coxe) and antennal scape red-
dish-yellow. Head, mesonotum, and scutellum with dense
punctures ; first abdominal segment only a little wider than
long, first, second, and proximal half of third segment striate ;
rest of abdomen smooth. Antennz as in rugulosa, Dodd.
Forewings as in rugulosa, but they are almost hyaline.
Length, 2 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping jungle, Little Mulgrave River,
June 10, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—1. 1992, South Australian Museum. A female,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antenne and forewings.
HOoPLoGRYON RUFITHORAX, sp. nov.
Q@. Head black; thorax and first abdominal segment
bright reddish-brown, the mesonotum and scutellum somewhat
darker ; rest of abdomen black; antennal scape yellow, rest
of antenne suffused with yellow; legs golden-yellow. Structure
as in rugulosa, Dodd, but the rugosity is finer, and the third
abdominal segment has longitudinal lines of feeble punctures ;
the forewings are hyaline, narrower. Length 1:10 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson and Kuranda. De-
scribed from two females caught by sweeping in jungle, May
19 and July 24, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I. 1993, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
78
HoPpLoGRYON PULCHRITHORAX, sp. nov.
Q. Like rufithorax, Dodd, but the posterior third of
the mesonotum is bright-yellow; only the base of the second
abdominal segment is striate; the third segment is smooth,
and the antennal-joints are somewhat different. In rufithoraz
the pedicel is slightly longer than wide, the first funicle-joint
as wide and slightly longer than pedicel, one-half longer than
wide, second slightly shorter and narrower than first; in this
species the pedicel is nearly twice as long as wide, first funicle-
joint as wide and a little longer than pedicel, fully twice as
long as wide, second slightly shorter, but no narrower.
Length, 1°25 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Kuranda. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in heart of jungle, September 12,
PONSA EE. Dodd):
Type.—I. 1994, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, the antennz and forewings on a slide.
Table of the Australian Species of Hoplogryon, Ashmead.
I. First abdominal segment as long as
wide, or scarcely wider than long.
A. Females. Thorax wholly black.
(1) First abdominal segment black ;
antennal scape alone yellow punctata, Dodd
(2) First abdominal segment ferru-
ginous; antennal scape and
pedicel black, next five joints
golden-yellow te -. «=. varicornis, Dodd
B. Male. Thorax bright reddish-
brown, the centre of the meso-
notum and scutellum black bicolor, Dodd
Il. First abdominal segment much
wider than long. Females.
A. Mesonotum and scutellum reticu-
lately rugulose.
(1) Mesonotum and scutellum black ;
rest of thorax dark reddish-
brown; proximal half of third
abdominal segment striate .... rugulosa, Dodd
(2) Thorax bright reddish-brown;
mesonotum and _= scutellum
darker, but not black; third
abdominal segment with oaey
tudinal punctuation ... rufithorax, Dodd
(3) Third abdominal segmen it
smooth, colour much as in
rufithorax j 2 ss =. pulchrithorax, Dodd
B. Mesonotum finely polygonally
sculptured.
(1) Dusky-black ; the first abdominal
segment reddish; antenne
wholly ‘black 92.) 4. =. ...- sordidas odd
73
TRIMORUS AUSTRALIS, sp. nov.
3g. Very similar to Hoplogryon sordida, Dodd, but the
mesonotum has complete, delicate parapsidal furrows, wide
apart, and almost parallel; first abdominal segment a little
longer than wide; forewings broader, the apex squarely
rounded, infuscated ; marginal vein terminating at two-thirds
the wing length. Antenne 12-jointed; scape and pedicel yel-
low, remaining joints black; pedicel short, no longer than
wide; funicle-joints long and cylindrical; first and second
subequal, three times as long as wide; third a little shorter
than second ; fourth a little shorter than third ; 4-9 subequal ;
last funicle-joint distinctly longer than first. Length, 1:40 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. A rather common
species in jungle country.
Type.—l. 1995, South Australian Museum. A male,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antennz, and fore-
wings.
TRIMORUS ASSIMILIS, sp. nov.
6. Like australis, Dodd, but the mesonotum has scat-
tered punctures ; the forewings are less infuscated ; the discal
ciliation is in about 28 lines, about 40 lines in australis.
Length, 1°20 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
male caught by sweeping along edge of stream in forest, April
fits CA. PP. Dodd):
Type.—l1. 1996, South Australian Museum. A male,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and fore-
wings.
TRIMORUS NIGRIPES, sp. nov.
Q. Black; legs a little suffused with red ; first abdominal
segment ferruginous. Like assivmilis, Dodd, but the mesonotum
is finely densely punctured; the first abdominal segment is
distinctly wider than long; the forewings are rather narrow,
the apex more rounded. Antennz as in Hoplogryon sordida,
Dodd, but the second funicle-joint is shorter than the first,
as wide as long, and the third is wider than long. Length,
1:20 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping along edge of stream in forest,
mpewotd, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—lI. 1997, South Australian Museum. A female,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antennz, and fore-
wings.
TRIMORUS NIGER, sp. nov.
3. Like nigripes, Dodd, but the legs (except the coxe)
are yellow, the femora and tibie being suffused with brown;
80
the abdomen is wholly black; the mesonotum has only scat-
tered punctures; the forewings are squarely rounded at the
apex ; the spine on the postscutellum is rather larger. An-
tenne one-half longer than the body; as in australis, Dodd,
but the third funicle-joint is distinctly longer than either
the first or second, which are subequal. Length, 1°50 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
male caught by sweeping along edge of stream in forest, April
15, 1913 (Ace odd):
Type.—I. 1998, South Australian Museum. A male,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and fore-
wings.
TRIMORUS PULCHERRIMUS, sp. NOV.
3. Head black ; thorax bright reddish-brown ; posterior
border of median mesonotal lobe dusky; abdomen bright
golden-yellow, the sides and apex black; legs golden-yellow ;
antennal scape yellow, rest of antenne black. Head trans-
verse, slightly wider than the thorax; thorax a little longer
than wide; parapsidal furrows delicate, but distinct; post-
scutellum with a short spine; posterior angles of metanotum
acute. Abdomen no longer than the head and thorax united,
no wider than the thorax ; first segment as long as wide; third
equal to one-half abdominal length. Head, mesonotum, and
scutellum with small, rather sparse, circular setigerous punc-
tures ; first and most of second segments striate; rest of ab-
domen smooth. Antennz 12-jointed; long and slender, one-
half longer than the body; scape usual; pedicel short and
stout; funicle-joints long, all subequal. Forewings rather
long; broad, the apex rather square; almost hyaline; discal
cilia moderately coarse, dense; marginal vein long, but not
so long as submarginal, terminating at about three-fifths wing
length ; stigmal vein short, one-sixth as long as the marginal,
with a distinct knob, slightly oblique; venation fuscous.
Mandibles large, tridentate, the two outer teeth long, the
middle one short. Length, 1°60 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Kuranda. Described from one
male caught by sweeping in a forest pocket, 1,500 ft., Sep-
tember 12, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
- Type.—I. 1999, South Australian Museum. A male on
a tag, the head and forewings on a slide.
TRIMORUS SPECIOSUS, sp. nov.
3. Like pulcherrumus, Dodd, but the mesoscutum is
wholly black ; the sides and apex of abdomen have more black ;
the punctures on the head and thorax are much denser; and
the antenne are twice aslong as the body. Length, 1:70 mm.
81
Hab.—North Queensland: Kuranda. Described from one
male caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, September 16,
1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—l1. 2000, South Australian Museum. A male on
a tag, the head and forewings on a slide.
TRIMORUS NIGRELLUS, sp. nov.
Q. Does not differ from Hoplogryon punctata, Dodd,
except in having delicate but distinct parapsidal furrows ; only
the extreme base of the third abdominal segment is striate;
the third funicle joint is nearly twice as long as wide; the
forewings are narrower, less infuscated; the venation is not
so black. Length, 2 mm.
6. Antennz one-third longer than the body; wholly
black; as in niger, Dodd.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson.’ Described from one
female caught by sweeping jungle near a swamp, November
2, 1912 (A. A. Girault); and one male caught by sweeping
on edge of stream in forest, April 15, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—lI. 2001, South Australian Museum. A male,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing female antenne and fore-
wings. ve
TRIMORUS MYMARIPENNIS, sp. nov.
3. Black; base of abdomen bright-yellow; legs fuscous,
the tarsi pale-yellow; antennz wholly black. Head no wider
than the thorax. Thorax one-half longer than wide; meso-
notum finely polygonally sculptured ; parapsidal furrows deli-
cate, but complete; scutellum smooth; postscutellum with a
short spine ; posterior angles of metanotum with a small spine.
Abdomen a little longer and wider than the thorax; first seg-
ment very transverse ; first and second segments striate, the
third smooth. Antenne long and slender, somewhat longer
than the body ; pedicel short and stout, wider than long ; first
funicle-joint twice as long as wide; second a little longer than
first ; third a little longer than second ; 3-10 subequal. Fore-
wings reaching well beyond apex of abdomen; very slender
and graceful, blade-shaped, the apex pointed, five or six times
as long as their greatest width; a little infuscated; longest
marginal cilia equal to greatest wing width; discal cilia
moderately fine, arranged in about ten lines; marginal vein
terminating a little beyond middle of wing; stigmal vein
short, very oblique, without a distinct knob.
A species unique on account,of its graceful mymarid-like
wings.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
male caught by sweeping in forest, summit of second coast
mouse, 1500 it., May 29, 1913 (A. A. Girault).
82
Type.—l. 2002, South Australian Museum. <A male on
a slide.
Table of Australian Species of Trimorus, Foester.
Males; females.
I. Head black; thorax bright reddish-
brown, the scutum sometimes
black; mesal portion of abdomen
reddish-brown; males.
(a) Scutum mostly reddish-brown;
punctures on head and thorax
rather sparse é pulcherrimus, Dodd
(b) Seutum wholly black ; “punctures
on head and thorax dense ... speciosus, Dodd
II. Body wholly black, except sometimes
base of abdomen.
A. Forewings very slender and grace-
ful; longest marginal cilia equal
to ereatest wing width; male ... mymaripennis, Dodd
B. Forewings not especially slender ;
the longest marginal cilia not
equal to one-half greatest wing
width.
(1) First Abdonuinell segment much
wider than long.
(a) First segment reddish-yellow ;
mesonotum with fine, dense
punctures; female... ... nigripes, Dodd
(b) Wnlonien wholly black ; meso-
notum with scattered punc-
tures; male... . niger, Dodd
(2) First abdominal seoment scar cely
wider than long, or a little
longer than wide.
(a) First segment reddish-yellow ;
males.
Mesonotum with fine, poly-
gonal sculpture... australis, Dodd
ee, with scattered
Lee assimilis, Dodd
(b) ee: Shale black ; males,
females ee nigrellus, Dodd
PENTACANTHA AUSTRALICA, sp. NOV.
Q. Colour as in Hoplogryon sordida, Dodd, but the first
abdominal segment is golden-yellow. Structure as in
Trimorus mgripes, Dodd, but the proximal, as well as the
posterior, angles of the metanotum have short spines; the
parapsidal furrows are wanting; the first abdominal segment
is longer than wide, and has a short blunt horn. Antennz
and forewings as in Trimorus nigripes. Length, 1:10 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Common along edges
of small streams in forest.
Type.—Il. 2003, South Australian Museum. <A female
on a Slide. :
83
PARAGRYON GRACILIFENNIS, sp. nov.
@. Black; legs (including cox), first abdominal seg-
ment, and antennal scape reddish-yellow.
Like Xenomerus dubius, Dodd, but the postscutellum and
metanotum are unarmed; first funicle-joint of antenne dis-
tinctly longer than the pedicel, four times as long as wide;
second a little longer than first; third twice as long as wide;
forewings exceedingly long, rather slender, graceful, the apex
rounded; venation black; stigmal vein rather oblique; no
parapsidal furrows. Length, 1°50 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Kuranda. JDescribed from
one female caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, May 20,
#1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—l. 2004, South Australian Museum. A female
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antennz and forewings.
XENOMERUS VARIPES, Sp. Nov.
. Shining-black; legs (except the coxz) golden-yellow,
but the distal half of the posterior tibiz and all the posterior
tarsi are dusky-black; mouth parts, antennal scape, and
pedicel golden-yellow; stalks of the funicle-joints pale
yellowish-white, rest of antenne fuscous. Head distinctly
wider than the thorax; smooth; lateral ocelli as far
distant from the eye margins as from the median
ocellus; eyes large; mandibles rather large, tridentate.
Thorax scarcely longer than wide; pronotum not visible from
above; mesonotum much wider than long, finely polygonally
sculptured; parapsidal furrows distinct posteriorly, absent
anteriorly; scutellum smooth; postscutellum with only a
raised tubercle; metanotum unarmed. Abdomen no longer
or wider than the thorax; broadly oval; first segment short,
transverse, twice as wide as long; second segment short; third
equal to one-half the abdominal length; first and second
striate, the rest smooth. Forewings extending well beyond
apex of abdomen: broad; perfectly hyaline; marginal cilia
moderately long; discal cilia fine, sparse; marginal vein term-
inating about the middle of the wing; stigmal vein rather
oblique, short, but four times as long as wide, without a knob;
venation bright-yellow. Antenne 12-jointed, very long and
slender; scape long and slender; pedicel one-half longer than
wide; funicle-joints pedicellate-nodose, with long hairs, the
hairs many times the width of the joints; first joint without a
stalk, scarcely longer than the pedicel; 2-9 all of nearly equal
length ; 2-4 with a long basal stalk and a knob; fifth with a stalk
at either end, the knob somewhat depressed in the middle ; sixth
similar to fifth, but without a basal stalk; 7-9 similar to the
sixth, but the knob is much depressed and forms really two
84
knobs in each; last jot without a distinct knob. Length,
1°30 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland : Nelson. Described from one
female CANE ae by Sweeping in and on edge of jungle, May 8,
1913.(A... Bo Doda),
Type. Usa 2005, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a shde bearing head, antennz, and forewing.
XENOMERUS DUBIUS, sp. nov.
Q. The same as varipes, Dodd, but the discal ciliation
is moderately coarse and dense, by no means sparse, and the
posterior tibiz and tarsi are wholly yellow. Antenne 12-
jointed, first six joints golden-yellow, the rest black; scape
long and slender; pedicel two and a half times as long as
wide; first funicle-joint slightly shorter and narrower than
the pedicel; second as long as the first; third and fourth as
wide as long; club 6-jointed, joints 1-5 distinctly wider than
long, second joint the longest and widest. Length, 140 mm.
Hab. —North Queensland: Nelson and Kuranda.
Described from one female caught by sweeping in forest,
Nelson, August 24, 1913 (A. A. Girault), and one female
caught by sweeping foliage in jungle, Kuranda, May 20, 1913
(A. P. Dood).
Type.—l. 2006, South ee Museum. A slide bear-
ing female antennz and forewings.
XENOMERUS FLAVICORNIS, Sp. nov.
Q. Head black; thorax dusky-brown; first abdominal
segment golden-yellow; rest of abdomen black; legs and first
six antennal-joints golden-yellow; rest of antennze brown.
Like dubius, Dodd, but the mesonotum and scutellum are
almost smooth, with only a few scattered setigerous pin-
punctures; the pedicel is shorter, only twice as long as wide,
and the first and second funicle-joints are shorter. Length,
1°25 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Kuranda. JDescribed from
one female caught by sweeping in heart of jungle, 1,500 ft.,
September 12, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I. 2007, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
GRYONELLA, nov. gen.
36; 9. Like Teleas, Latrielle, but the postscutellum has
two central spines.
Type.—Gryonella crawfordi, described herewith.
GRYONELLA CRAWFORDI, sp. Nov.
g. Shining-black ; tibie and tarsi reddish, suffused with
dusky. Head and mesonotum with rasied lines of reticulation ;
85
scutellum smooth. Abdomen a little longer and wider
than the thorax; first segment a little wider than long; first,
second, and base of third segment striate; rest of abdomen
smooth. Mandibles large, with two acute teeth. Posterior
femora distinctly swollen; intermediate tibie with short
spines. Postscutellum with two short spines; posterior angles
of the metanotum acute. Antenne a little longer than the
body; pedicel short; first funicle-joint slightly longer than
the second ; 2-9 subequal ; two very small apparent ring-joints
are present. Forewings long; broad, the apex squarely
rounded; somewhat infuscated ; marginal cilia short; discal
cilia rather coarse, dense ; marginal vein terminating beyond
the middle of the wing; stigmal vein short, rather oblique;
venation fuscous. Length, 180 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Proserpine. Described from
one male caught by sweeping foliage and grass in forest,
November 3, 1912.(A. A. Girault).
Type. ay 2008, South Australian Museum. A male on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and forewings.
The species is named in honour of Mr. J. C. Crawford,
of the United States National Museum, for his work on the
parasitic Hymenoptera.
GRYONELLA BRUESI, Sp. nov.
Q. Very similar to the type species, but the tibie and
tarsi are clear reddish-yellow; the scutellum is reticulated
like the mesonotum; and the forewings are not so broad, the
infuscation much darker. Antennz 12-jointed ; scape moder-
ately long and slender; pedicel nearly twice as long as wide;
first funicle-joint shorter but no narrower than the pedicel,
somewhat longer than wide; second as wide as long; third and
fourth small, transverse; club rather compact, 6-jointed ;
joints 1-5 much wider than long, third slightly the widest.
Length, 1°70 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in forest, January 3, 1914 (A. A.
Girault).
The species is named in honour of Mr. C. T. Brues, of
Harvard University, U.S.A., for his work on the parasitic
Hymenoptera.
Type.—l. 2009, South Australian Museum, A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing antenne and forewings.
Family CERAPHRONID A.
The Ceraphronide have never been worked in Australia,
and hitherto not one species has been recorded. In working
up this family I was greatly surprised at the small number
86
of species found in all the genera except one, namely, the genus
Ceraphron. The genus Ceraphron will now contain over forty
Australian species, that number being nearly three-fourths
of the total number of Australian species in the whole family.
Of the species described herewith, twelve were received from
the South Australian Museum, the remainder being taken by
Mr. A. A. Girault and myself in North Queensland. Only
one species, Aphanogmus braconis, Dodd, has been bred.
The types are all in the collection of the South Australian
Museum.
The magnification used was 2-in. objective, 1-in. optic,
Bausch and Lomb.
Table of Genera of the family Ceraphromde.
(1) Wings fully developed . (2)
Wings rudimentary, or totally absent (12)
(2) Forewings with a large stigma;
antennee 11l-jointed in both sexes (8)
Forewings without a real stigma;
antennee 11-jointed in the male
(10-jointed in one genus), 10-
jointed in the female (9-jointed in
one genus), but the females of the
genus Lagynodes, Foerster, which
are wingless, have 11-jointed
antenne ... M2) week Chess aX (O))
(3) Males; females. ~ Body completely
flattened ; mesonotum without
TUELOWS) 0. wi ee “See de ‘Phatyceraphimonsiieites
Body not flattened ... . aiir(4)
(4) Mesonotum with three furrows... (5)
Males; females (part). Mesonotum
sie agra furrows or with a median
furrow; antenne of male with
long hairs or branches ... 2. Dendrocerus, Ratzeburg
(5) Males; females (part). Postscutellum
spined a 3. Megaspilus, Westwood
Postscutellum not spined (6)
(6) Males; females. Wings without dis-
cal ciliation ; 4. Trichosteresis, Foerster
Wings with discal ciliation 3 7
(7) Males; females. Scape with a short
tooth ; male antenne branched ... 5. Prodendrocerus, Kieffer
Scape without a tooth... (8)
(8) Males; females. Antenne of male
with ‘long hairs or branches; meso-
notum truncate anteriorly _ a 6. Lygocerus, Foerster
Males; females (part). Antennee
of male without long hairs or
branches; mesonotum rounded
anteriorly 7. Conostigmus, Dahlbom
(9) Males. Mesonotum with three fur-
rows . 8. Lagynodes, Foerster
Mesonotum without " furrows, or
with a median one ARS Sid eur at ea OO)
87
(10) Males; females. Antenne 10-jointed
(11)
(12)
in the male, Soap eS in the
female
Antenne 11-jointed in the “male,
10-jointed in the female -
Males; females (part). Antenne of
male with long hairs; mesonotum
usually without a median furrow ;
scutellum distinctly convex... ...
Males (part); females (part). An-
tenn of male without long hairs;
mesonotum always with a median
furrow; scutellum almost flat
Eyes small, not as long as their dis-
tance from the occipital margin.
Eyes large, much longer than their
(18)
(14)
distance from the occipital margin
Females; male unknown. Pro-
notum short, not visible from
above; mesonotum with a median
furrow; scutellum longer than
wide; antenne 10-jointed 2
Pronotum longer than the meso-
notum; scutellum often absent,
when present distinctly wider than
NOTE st PEs et oe
Females; male unknown. Meso-
notum with two furrows uniting
and forming a median furrow;
antennee 10-jointed ; oe rudi-
mentary...
Mesonotum without furrows, or the
furrows present but not uniting ;
antenne 11-jointed ; wings entirely
wanting
(15) Females; male unknown. ‘Pronotum
(16)
(17)
(18)
(19)
occupying almost all the thorax
dorsad; meso- and metanotum
very small; scutellum absent
Females. Pronotum occupying only
half the thorax dorsad; meso-
notum, scutellum, and metanotum
distinct
Females; male unknown. Pronotum
occupying almost all the thorax
dorsad; meso- and metanotum
very small; scutellum wanting;
antenns 10-jointed sete
Pronotum not or scarcely visible
from above; mesonotum, scutel-
lum, and metanotum distinct
Antenne 11-jointed in both sexes
Antenne 10-jointed in _ female,
11-jointed in male fs ae
Mesonotum with three furrows ..
Mesonotum with less than three
' furrows
Females (part), Postscutellum
spined
Postscutellum not spined _
9. Neoceraphron, Ashmead
(11)
10. Aphanogmus, Thomson
1l. Ceraphron, Jurine
(13)
(16)
12. Pristomicrops, Kieffer
(14)
13. Trimicrops, Kieffer
(15)
14. Plastomicrops, Kieffer
8. Lagynodes, Foerster
15. Ecitonetes, Brues
(17)
(18)
(22)
(19)
(21)
3. Megaspilus, Westwood:
(20)
88
(20) Females (part). Thorax not nar-
rowed; maxillary palpi 5-jointed,
labials 3-jointed ...... ... ... 7. Conostigmus, Dahlbom
Males; females. Thorax strongly
narrowed; maxillary palpi 4-
jointed, labials 2- jointed ... 16. Conostigmoides, gen.
(21) Males; females. Mesonotum w ith [nov.=EHumegaspilus,
two furrows; males and females [ Ashmead, 1893
without wings, or the wings rudi-
mentary 17. Dichogmus, Thomson
Females (par t). Mesonotum without
furrows, or with only a median
one; males always winged ... 2. Dendrocerus, Ratzeburg
(22) Females; male unknown. Head flat-
tened, ‘the frons directed dorsad ;
mesonotum without furrows... 18. Synarsis, Foerster
Head not flattened, the frons
disecved (cephalad!) ae was eS)
(23) Females (part). Scutellum dis-
tinctly convex; mesonotum with-
out furrows, or with a median one
more or less distinct ... ... ... 10. Aphanogmus, Thomson
Males (part) ; females (part). Scutel-
lem scarcely convex; mesonotum
always with a distinct median
furrow Bn RI CERO ESS TG er colin One aenealiates
DENDROCERUS SORDIDUS, sp. nov.
©. Head and thorax dark-brown; antennze fuscous;
legs brown, suffused with yellow, the tarsi pale honey-yellow ;
abdomen missing. Head subquadrate, a lhttle wider than the
thorax ; eyes pubescent. Thorax distinctly longer than wide;
mesonotum with a distinct median furrow, the parapsidal
furrows wanting; axille meeting at the base of the scutellum ;
scutellum longer than wide; head and thorax with fine poly-
gonal sculpture and fine pubescence. Antennz 11-jointed ;
scape equal to next four joints combined; pedicel one-half
longer than wide; first. funicle-joint scarcely shorter than the
pedicel; funicle- joints 2-9 gradually and slightly widening
towards the apex; funicle-joints 2-8 as wide as long, sub-
quadrate ; last joint one-half longer than wide, scarcely longer
than the pedicel. Forewings moderately long ; rather broad,
the apex squarely rounded; hyaline, with an obscure band
just involving the stigma and stigmal vein; discal cilia fine
and dense; stigma rather large, scarcely twice as long as wide ;
stigmal vein scarcely longer than the stigma; venation brown.
Length of head and thorax, 0°75 mm. Total length, probably
about 1°50 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Pentland. Described from
one female caught by sweeping in forest, January 8, 1913 (A.
A. Girault).
Type.—\l. 2010, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
89
DENDROCERUS FEMORALIS, sp. noy.
3. Black; antennal scape, all front legs, apex of middle
cox, all middle trochanters, tibie, and tarsi golden-yellow;
middle femora and all hind legs (except the knees) dusky-
black. Head a little wider than the thorax ; the frons (viewed
from above) convex; eyes hairy. Thorax nearly twice as long
as wide; cephalic margin truncate; mesonotum and scutellum
with fine polygonal sculpture; mesonotum with a distinct
median furrow; scutellum somewhat longer than wide.
Abdomen much shorter and narrower than the thorax, second
segment occupying four-fifths of surface. Posterior femora
much swollen; all tibize with two apical spurs. Forewings
reaching a little beyond apex of abdomen; broad; hyaline,
with a dusky blotch beneath the stigma ; discal cilia moderately
fine, dense; stigma large, semicircular; stigmal vein short,
straight, not as long as the stigma ; venation fuscous. Antennz
11-jointed; scape long and slender; pedicel very small; first
four funicle-joints almost triangular, narrowed at base,
excised at apex, the apical margin concave; fifth only slightly
excised ; 6-8 filiform, subequal, two-thirds longer than wide;
last joint somewhat longer than the preceding; all funicle-
joints with long hairs. Length, 145 mm.
Hal.—North Queensland: Harvey Creek. Described
from one male caught by sweeping in jungle, November 15,
1913 (A.:P. Dodd).
Type.—l{. 2011, South Australian Museum. A male on
a slide.
MEGASPILUS AUSTRALICUS, sp. Nov.
Q. Shining-black; legs (including the cox) and first
four antennal-joints lemon-yellow. Head transverse, a little
wider than the thorax; finely polygonally sculptured; eyes
large, pubescent. Thorax distinctly longer than wide, finely
polygonally sculptured ; mesonotum large, with three distinct
furrows; axille meeting at the base of the scutellum ; scutel-
lum longer than wide; postscutellum with a blunt bidentate
spine. Abdomen as long and as wide as the thorax, convex
below, slightly convex above; second segment occupying two-
thirds abdominal length; first and base of second segment
striate ; rest of second segment with regular, longitudinal lines
of shallow oval punctures; remaining segments striate. An-
tennze 11-jointed; scape long, rather slender, equal to next
four joints combined; pedicel two and a half times as long
as wide; funicle-joints slightly widening towards the middle ;
first slender, as long as the pedicel; second a little wider than
long; third as long as wide; fourth longer than wide, the
widest joint in the antenne; 5-9 gradually narrowing, all
90
longer than wide. Forewings reaching apex of abdomen; very
broad ; slightly infuscated ; discal cilia moderately coarse and
dense ; submarginal vein terminating about the middle of the
wing ; stigma distinctly longer than wide ; stigmal vein scarcely
curved, no longer than the stigma; venation lght-fuscous,
the stigma lemon-yellow. Length, 2°50 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Kuranda. Described from one
female caught by sweeping foliage on edge of jungle, May 19,
1913 (A. P! Dodd).
Type.—l. 2012, South Australian Museum. A female,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antennez and forewings.
LYGOCERUS AUSTRALICUS, sp. nov.
3. Shining-black; tibiz, tarsi, and antennal scape fer-
ruginous. Head transverse, a little wider than the thorax ;
thorax scarcely longer than wide, finely polygonally sculp-
tured; mesonotum large, median furrow distinct, parapsidal
furrows delicate; scutellum longer than wide. Abdomen
pointed ovate, scarcely longer than the thorax, and not as
wide. Antenne 11l-jointed; scape long; pedicel very short;
first four funicle-joints constricted at the base, excised at the
apex, almost triangular, but the apical margins concave ; giv-
ing off long hairs; last five joints almost filiform, the ‘hairs
not so long. Forewings reaching apex of abdomen : broad,
the apex squarely rounded ; hyaline; marginal cilia short :
discal cilia fine and dense ; submarginal vein terminating about
the middle of the wing; stigma large, a little longer than
wide; stigmal vein slightly longer than the stigma, scarcely
curved. Length, 150 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
male caught by sweeping in open forest, January 29, 1912
(A. A. Girault).
Type.—l. 2013, South Australian Museum. A male,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antennz and forewings.
LYGOCERUS SPLENDIDUS, sp. nov.
Q. Shining-black; legs and antennal scape ferruginous ;
rest of antenne dark-brown, a little suffused with yellow.
Structure as in australicus, Dodd, but the parapsidal furrows
are distinct, the thorax is distinctly longer than wide, and
the abdomen is as wide but no longer than the thorax. Fore-
wings very broad; hyaline with a broad, longitudinal infus-
cated stripe under the stigmal vein; venation dark-fuscous;
stigma very large, slightly longer than wide; stigmal vein
nearly twice as long as the stigma, scarcely curved. Antenne
11-jointed ; scape long and slender equal to next three joints
91
combined ; pedicel slender, three times as long as wide; first
funicle-joint as long as the pedicel; second one-half longer
than wide; 3-8 almost subequal, one-half longer than wide;
last joint as long as the pedicel. Length, 2.50 mm.
Hab.—South Queensland: Roma. Described from one
female caught on foliage of cultivated lemon-tree, October 6,
1911 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—I. 2014, South Australian Museum. A female,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antenne and forewings.
CoNOSTIGMUS RUFINOTUM, sp. nov. —
Q. Head black; mesonotum and scutellum bright red-
dish-brown ; metanotum black ; basal fifth of abdomen reddish-
brown ; rest of abdomen black; legs and antennal scape golden-
yellow ; rest of antenne black. Head transverse, a little wider
than the thorax ; mandibles bidentate. Thorax a little longer
than wide; mesonotum large, with three distinct furrows;
scutellum large, a little longer than wide. Abdomen a
little wider and longer than the thorax; a little
longer than wide. Antennz 11-jointed; scape equal to
next five joints combined; pedicel twice as long as
wide; first funicle-joint a little shorter and narrower than
the pedicel; funicle-joints gradually widening towards the
apex; second as wide as long; penultimate joint twice as wide
as long; last joint twice as long as wide. Forewings broad,
the apex very square ; much infuscated ; discal cilia moderately
fine and dense, in about 30 rows; venation fuscous, very
distinct ; submarginal vein terminating about the middle of
the wing: stigma semicircular, twice as long as wide; stigmal
vein long, slightly curved, fully twice as long as the stigma.
Length, 1°60 mm.
¢. Antenne 11-jointed; long and slender; pedicel
scarcely longer than wide; first funicle-joint about four times
as long as wide; second a little shorter; the others gradually
shortening towards the apex, but the last funicle-joint is as
long as the scape.
Hab.—New South Wales: Ourimbah ; North Queensland :
Kuranda. Described from two females labelled: “From moss,
Ourimbah; A. M. Lea;” and one male caught by sweeping
foliage on edge of jungle, Kuranda, May 19, 1913 (A. P.
Dodd).
Types.—I. 2015, South Australian Museum. Two fe-
males and one male, tagmounted, plus a slide bearing female
head, antennz, and forewings, and another slide bearing male
head, antennz, and forewings, with type appendages of mus-
cosus, Dodd.
92
CoNOSTIGMUS TASMANICUS, Sp. nov.
. Reddish-brown; head and metanotum darker; eyes
and ocelli black; legs and antennal scape golden-yellow;
antennal pedicel and first four funicle-joints dusky-yellow ;
remaining joints brown; abdomen missing in the only
specimen.
Closely allied to rufinotum, Dodd, but differs in having
the first funicle-joint slightly longer than the pedicel; second
shorter, but longer than wide; forewings narrower, the apex
not square but almost pointed. Length, 150 mm. (?)
Hab.—Tasmania: Mount Wellington (A. M. Lea).
Described from one female.
Type.—Il. 2016, South Australian Museum. The female
thorax tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and
forewings.
_CONOSTIGMUS LEAI, sp. Nov.
©. Head and metanotum black; mesonotum and
scutellum reddish-brown; abdomen yellow, more or less
dusky; legs and first six antennal-joints golden-yellow; last
five antennal-joints dark-brown. Antenne 11-jointed; scape
equal to next six joints combined ; first funicle-joint distinctly
narrower and shorter than the pedicel, only one-half longer
than wide; funicle-joints 2-8 transverse, all distinctly wider
than long, gradually widening towards the apex; last joint
one-half as long as the scape. Forewings squared at the apex
as in rufinotum, but they are smaller; venation dark-fuscous.
Length, 1:10 mm. :
HZab.—South Queensland: Mount Tambourine. Described
from one female labelled: ‘‘Rotting leaves; A. M. Lea.”’
Type.—l. 2017, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide with the type of Ceraphron bicolor, Dodd.
CoNOSTIGMUS MUSCOSUS, Sp. nov.
So. Head and metanotum black; rest of thorax reddish-
brown; abdomen yellow, more or less dusky; legs and anten-
nal scape golden-yellow; rest of antenne dark-brown. Head
as wide as the thorax; thorax scarcely longer than wide;
abdomen narrowed at the base, as wide as the thorax, and a
little longer than the head and thorax united. Antenne as
in rufinotum, Dodd. Forewings much as in rufinotum, but
they are hyaline; venation very pale-yellow, very indistinct.
Length, 150 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Ourimbah. Described from
one male labelled: ‘‘From moss; A. M. Lea.’’
Type.—l. 2018, South Australian Museum. A male, tag-
mounted, plus a slide bearing head, antennz, and forewings,
with type appendages of male rwfinotum.
oo
CoNOSTIGMUS GIRAULTI, sp. nov.
Q. Head black; thorax brownish-yellow; abdomen
golden-yellow; legs and first four antennal-joints lemon-
yellow; rest of antenne brown. Structure as in the other
species, but the abdomen is distinctly longer than the head
and thorax united. Antennz 11-jointed; scape equal to next
seven joints combined; pedicel short, scarcely longer than
wide; funicle-joints gradually widening towards the apex, all
transverse, distinctly wider than long; last joint twice as long
as wide, two-thirds length of scape. Forewings not reaching
apex of abdomen; moderately broad, the apex squarely
rounded, a little infuscated; stigma much longer than wide;
stigmal vein fully twice as long as the stigma; venation fus-
cous. Length, 130 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Babinda. Described from
one female caught by sweeping foliage in jungle, October 28,
rit (A. A. Girault).
Type.—I. 2019, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CoNOSTIGMUS NIGRICORNIS, sp. nov.
@. Shining-black; legs (except the cox) ferruginous,
the femora brownish; antennal scape suffused with red. Fore-
wings moderately broad, the apex squarely rounded; infus-
cated, the infuscation darkest in the centre; venation almost
black; stigma semicircular; stigmal vein almost twice as long
as the stigma. Antenne 11-jointed, scarcely widening towards
the apex; scape equal to next three joints combined; pedicel
‘slender, two and a half times as long as wide; first funicle-
joint as long as the pedicel; the others gradually shortening
but all distinctly longer than wide. Thorax distinctly longer
than wide; abdomen longer than the head and throax united.
Length, 1 75 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from three
females caught by sweeping in forest, August, 1913 (A. P.
Dodd).
Type.—t. 2020, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antennez, and forewings.
Table of Australian species of Conostigmus, Dahlbom.
Males; females.
J. Shining-black.
Female. Legs (except the coxe) ferru-
ginous, femora brown; antennze
black, the scape suffused with red nigricornis, Dodd
II. Thorax and abdomen more or less
brown or yellow.
A. Female. Thorax and abdomen
wholly uniformly yellow, without
94
any black; abdomen distinctly
longer than the head and thorax
united ; . gtraulti, Dodd
B. Thorax and abdomen not uniformly
brown or yellow, the metanotum
black or brownish- black, the ab-
domen somewhat dusky ; abdomen
not or scarcely longer than the
head and thorax united .
(1) Male. Venation very pale-y ellow,
scarcely discernible; winge
hyaline ee . muscosus, Dodd
(2) Wena iee. Venation fuscous: - wings
somewhat infuscated.
(a) First six antennal-joints yellow Jeai, Dodd
(b) Antennal scape alone yellow.
First funicle-joint a little
shorter than the pedicel ;
forewings broad, the apex
very square... . rufinotum, Dodd
First funicle- joint a little
longer than the pedicel;
forewings much narrower,
the apex almost pointed tasmanicus, Dodd
CONOSTIGMOIDES, nov. gen.
This genus is proposed to contain the species Humegas-
pilus erythrothorax, Ashmead. In 1888 Ashmead erected
the genus Humegaspilus to contain two species, 1’. canadensis,
Ashmead, and H#. ottawensis, Ashmead. ‘These two species:
were nothing but wingless species of the genus Conostigmus,
Dahlbom, as Ashmead himself points out in 1893. Since the
two mentioned species were the only ones in the genus, the
genus must necessarily become a synonym of Conostigmus,
Dahlbom. But in 1893 Ashmead gives another description of
the genus, and places another species, /’. erythrothorax, Ash-
mead, in it, at the same time eliminating the two previously
described species from the genus. The genus, therefore, can-
not hold, since it has already become a synonym of Cono-
stigmus. The genus Conostigmoides is, therefore, erected
with the type species, Conostigmoides (Humegaspilus )
erythrothorax, Ashmead.
LAGYNODES FLAVUS, sp. nov.
Q. Golden-yellow; eyes black; antennze somewhat suf-
fused with brown. Head much wider than the thorax, almost.
as long as wide; the frons directed dorsad ; ocelli absent; eyes
small, but nearly twice as long as wide; mandibles bidentate.
Antenne 11-jointed ; scape long and slender ; pedicel scarcely
longer than wide; funicle joints gradually widening towards.
the apex; joints 1-6 very short, transverse; seventh rather
95
longer and rather abruptly wider than the sixth, but twice
as wide as long; eighth still wider ; last joint large; distinctly
longer than wide, nearly as long as the scape. Thorax nar-
row; distinctly longer than wide; pronotum large, with an
impressed line that continues into the mesonotum ; mesonotum
small, semicircular ; scutellum small; metanotum small, with
a curved line of well-marked fovee; posterior angles of the
metanotum with a short spine. Wings entirely absent. Ab-
domen much longer and wider than the thorax; smooth, with
a few impressed lines at its base. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—South Queensland: Mount Tambourine. De-
scribed from one female caught by Mr. A. M. Lea.
Type.—1. 2021, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head and antenne with the type
appendages of Ceraphron muscophilus, Dodd.
APHANOGMUS BRACONIS, sp. nov.
Q. Shining-black ; legs (except the coxe) and first seven
antennal-joints golden-yellow. Head no wider than the thorax.
‘Thorax a little longer than wide, finely polygonally sculptured ;
mesonotum large, median furrow almost obsolete; scutellum
highly convex, longer than wide. Abdomen as long as the
head and thorax united, scarcely wider than the thorax ; first
segment short, striate ; second segment occupying most of the
abdominal length, smooth. Antennz 10-jointed ; scape swollen
basally, as long as next five joints combined ; pedicel slender,
two and a half times as long as wide; funicle-joints widening
towards the apex; first shorter and narrower than the pedicel,
twice as long as wide; 2-5 short, distinctly wider than long ;
sixth very abruptly larger than the fifth, a little longer than
wide; seventh equal to sixth; last joint one-half longer than
the preceding, fully twice as long as wide, two-thirds as long
as the scape. Forewings reaching a little beyond apex of
abdomen ; moderately broad, the apex rather rounded ; hya-
line; marginal cilia rather short; discal cilia moderately fine,
not very dense; submarginal vein terminating about the
middle of the wing; marginal vein one-fourth as long as the
submarginal; stigmal vein short, scarcely as long as the
marginal ; venation yellow. Length, 1°50 mm.
So. First seven antennal-joints yellow, the last four
brown. Antenne 11-jointed ; pedicel slightly longer than first
funicle-joint ; funicle-joints 1-8 scarcely longer than wide,
with rather long hairs, the hairs a little wider than the joints.
Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from
numerous specimens reared from Braconid cocoons on several
‘occasions. This record is of considerable interest as, previously,
96
only one representative of this family has been reared
from a Hymenopterus host, the hest being a Cynipid.
Types.—lI. 2022, South Australian Museum. A female,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing a male specimen and a fe-
male head and antenne, with the type of nigripes, Dodd.
APHANOGMUS NIGRIPES, sp. nov.
3. Shining-black; tibiz and tarsi suffused with yellow.
Antennz long and slender; pedicel short; first funicle-joimt
twice as long as the pedicel, three times as long as wide;
funicle-joints 2-8 long, each a little shorter than the first ;
last funicle-joint as long as first. Forewings reaching a little
beyond apex of abdomen; moderately broad, the apex rather
square; somewhat infuscated; submarginal vein terminating
about the middle of the wing; marginal. vein two-fifths as long
as the submarginal; stigmal vein slightly curved, scarcely
longer than the marginal. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
male caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, June 14, 1913
(A. P. Dodd).
Type.—l. 2023, South Austrahan Museum. A male on
a slide with the types of braconis, Dodd. |
APHANOGMUS UNIFASCIATUS, sp. nov.
©. Black, somewhat suffused with brown; tibie and
tarsi pale-yellow; antennal scape pale-yellow; rest of antennz
brown. Forewings scarcely reaching apex of abdomen;
moderately broad; hyaline, with one infuscated band before
the middle; marginal vein one-third as long as the submar-
ginal; stigmal vein scarcely curved, no longer than the mar-
ginal; venation brown, the stigmal vein very pale-yellow.
Antennz 10-jointed; pedicel one-half longer than wide;
funicle-joints small, gradually increasing in width, scarcely
longer than wide; first much narrower than the pedicel; last
joint twice as long as wide. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping jungle along forest streamlet;
December 30, 1912 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—tl. 2024, South Australian Museum, A female on
a slide with the type of assimilis, Dodd.
APHANOGMUS ASSIMILIS, sp. Nov.
3. Like wnifascoatus, Dodd, but the legs are uniform
brown; the forewings are hyaline; discal ciliation fine and
sparse, in about fifteen rows. Antenne slender, pedicel
scarcely shorter than the first funicle-joint, which is twice as:
long as wide; funicle-joints 2-8 a little shorter than the first.
Length, 0°80 mm.
ear
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
male caught by sweeping jungle along a forest streamlet,
December 30, 1912 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I. 2025, South Australian Musuem. A male on
a slide with the type of wnifascratus, Dodd.
APHANOGMUS BRUNNEUS, Sp. Noy.
6. Brownish-yellow; legs golden-yellow; antennz
dusky-brown; eyes and ocelli black. Forewings extending
beyond apex of abdomen; rather broad, the apex squarely
rounded; a little infuscated; discal cilia rather sparse, in
about fifteen rows; submarginal vein terminating about the
middle of the wing; marginal vein one-third as long as the
submarginal; stigmal vein short, a little longer than the mar-
ginal; venation fuscous, the stigmal vein pale-yellow.
Antennz slender; pedicel rather short; funicle-joints all long
and slender, almost subequal, with long hairs. Length,
0°80 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Babinda and Yungaburra,
2,500 ft. Described from one male caught by sweeping on
edge of jungle, Yungaburra, December 30, 1911 (A. A.
Girault), and one male sweeping in jungle, Babinda, October
28, 1911 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—I. 2026, South Australian Museum. A male on a
slide.
Table of the Australian species of Aphanogmus, Thomson.
I. Male. Colour brownish-yellow; fore-
wings rather broad, a little infus-
erect rae rene Pr RTA
IT. Colour black or dusky-black. .
Female. Forewings with one band wnifasciatus, Dodd
B. Males. Forewings not banded.
(1) Legs, except the coxe, yellow;
antennal-joints more or less
yellow oy braconis, Dodd
(2) Legs more or less fuscous or
black; antennz wholly <i
cous or black.
(a) Shining-black ; tibiz and farsi
brunneus, Dodd
suffused with yellow ... .... nigripes, Dodd
(bj Dusky-black; legs uniform
dusky (vi) 262602. . assimilis) Dodd
Genus CERAPHRON, Jurine.
Table of Australian species.
Males.
(1) Wingless; major colour’ bright
brownish-yellow : ... pulcher, sp. nov.
Winged; wholly black (except Si
pendages) oe (2)
E
98
(2) Funicle-joints 2-8 no longer than
wide ..
Funicle-joints | 2-8 8 distinctly longer
than wide :
Females.
(1) Wings absent or pun ontaly
Wings fully developed scot eae
(2) Head and thorax black; ‘abdomen
suffused with brown; wings rudi-
mentary
Major colour bright brownish-yellow ;
wings entirely wanting .
(3) ea longer than first funicle-
(4) gn and ‘seventh “funicle-joints
distinctly wider than long . ;
Sixth and_ seventh funicle-joints
distinctly longer than wide . ia
(5) Head and thorax enti ipely black .
Thorax brown, bro rer uetk or
golden-yellow see ae
(6) Forewings band
Forewings not anded...
(7) Forewings with two obscure bands;
first seven Antennal-joints bright-
Forewings with one distinct ‘band;
antenne wholly black . ,
(8) Forewings reaching to ‘only Arde
thirds length of abdomen; large
Forewings reaching to apex of ab-
domen ays
(9) Abdomen bright. orange- -yellow :
Abdomen black, or brownish-black
(10) a funicle - joints wider than
on me Mm tal Min abies. Nt
All — funicle - joints deneer than
wide
(11) Apex of forewinese a broad,
square; infuscation blackish
Apex of forewings rounded, or
nearly pointed; infuscation never
biackish_
(12) Legs wholly bright-yellow, ‘the cox
sometimes more or less black .
Coxe black or _ fuscous; femora
brown; tibie brown or yellow;
tarsi yellow 5 OG eee Oe
(13) Coxe black; femora brown; tibize
and tarsi bright-yellow ; ‘thorax
not narrow; stigmal vein long .
Legs fuscous, the tarsi yellow ;
ee narrow ; suemal vein not
lon
(14) Witeacle- joints ‘14 “yellow ; forewings
somewhat infuscated ...
Funicle-joints never yellow ...
daphnis, sp. nov.
australicus, sp. nov.
(4)
leai, sp. nov.
queenslandicus, sp. nov.
pulcher, sp. nov.
(6)
omphale, sp. nov.
meridianus, sp. nov.
10, Sp. nov.
(9)
(10)
(11)
bicolor, sp. nov.
splendidus, sp. nov.
atlas, sp. nov.
(12)
(14)
(13)
calliope, sp. nov.
elongatus, sp. nov.
cenone,
(15)
sp. nov.
99
(15) Fifth funicle-joint ohaleabee larger
than the fourth ...
Fifth funicle-joint not “abruptly
larger than the fourth, but the
sixth abruptly larger than the fifth
(16) Stigmal vein almost reaching the
wing margin, and distant from
the margin by no more than one-
eighth its own length . Saas
Stigmal vein not so long, ‘its apex
distant from the wing margin by
only one-fourth its own length ...
(17) Abdomen shining-black i
Abdomen rich dark-brown
(18) First funicle-joint as long as the
pedicel
First funicle-joint distinetly shorter
than the pedicel
(19) Mesonotum with fine
Senlpture. ... .
ae with sparse, fine pune-
polygonal
(20) Fire Peaniclecpint as ‘long as the
pedicel
First funicle- joint. distinctly shorter
than the pedicel ...
(21) First funicle-joint scarcely longer
than wide, sixth and_ seventh
wider than long
First raiole joint distinctly longer
than wide, sixth aid seventh
leneer, GHA WIGS 2.08) ee ten) 34s
(22) Base of abdomen yellow; “apex of
stigmal vein distant from the wing
margin by no more than one-
tenth of its own length :
Base of abdomen not yellow; apex
of stigmal vein distant from the
2S by one-half its own
en
(23) Migniele-joints all ‘distinctly longer
than wide ...
Funicle-joints 3.5 distinctly wider
than long
(24) fafdonien = holly « or mostly black :
forewings banded ..
Abdomen concolourous with the
thorax
(25) Forewings with two bands, one at
the wing apex
Forewings with one band, the > wing
apex hyaline... .. Bathike
(26) Forewings banded :
Forewings not banded
(27) Forewings with two bands, one at
the wing apex
Forewings with only one band, ‘the
wing apex hyaline ... 2A Smead
E
(16)
(20)
(17)
apelles, sp. nov.
18
hercules, sp. nov.
ater, sp. nov.
(19)
giraulti, sp. nov.
niger, sp. nov.
tasmanicus, sp. nov.
(21)
achilles, sp. nov.
(22)
flavicoxa, sp. nov.
(23)
cre@sus, sp. nov.
apollo, sp. nov.
(25)
(26)
SpeciOsissimus, sp. Nov.
Dulehermane sp. nov.
(27)
(33)
. (28)
(31)
100
(28) Apex of stigmal vein distant from
the wing margin by about one-
half its own length _..
Apex of stigmal vein distant from
the wing margin by no more than
one-fourth its own length ...
(29) Colour reddish-brown; antennz
mostly pe first band of wing
dark Pegs Sh 5)
Colour “golden-yellow ; antennz
mostly black; first band of vane
not dark ..
(30) Marginal vein nearly as long : as the
stigmal “Ae
Marginal vein only about one-fourth
as long as the stigmal . :
(31) All of wing (except the apex) infus-
cated; no funicle-joints white ...
First third of wing, as well as the
apex, hyaline; at ‘least first three
funicle-joints white di
(382) First four funicle-joints ait: dis-
cal cilia rather sparse ...
First three funicle-joints white ; dis-
cal cilia dense ...
(33) Forewings reaching to apex ‘of ab-
domen nt
Forewings reaching to ‘only. “two-
thirds length of abdomen ;
(34) Stigmal vein long, its apex cinieme
from the wing margin by less than
one-fourth its own length . -.
Stigmal vein not so long, its apex
distant from the wing margin by
more than one-fourth its own
length
(35) Beni loqeints 9-5 very short, ‘trans-
verse, at least tyes as wide as
long
Funicle- joints 2-5 not so short, not
twice as wide as long ... ...
(386) First funicle-joint as long as wide
First funicle-joint distinctly wider
than long .
(37) Abdomen longer than “the head and
thorax united; wings long; mar-
ginal vein almost as ue as. the
stigmal uf
Abdomen no longer than the head
and thorax united; wings not so
long; marginal vein not one-third
as long as the stigmal . ae
(388) Apex of stigmal vein distant from
wing margin by more than one-
half its own length
Apex of stigmal vein distant from
wing margin by less than pene
its own length RS, ene
(29)
(30)
adonis, sp. nov..
diana, sp. nov.
varicornis, sp. Nov.
bifasciatipennis, sp. nov.
iole, sp. nov.
(32)
muscophilus, sp. nov.
aureus, sp. nov.
(34)
lycaon, sp. nov.
(35)
(38)
(36)
vulgaris, sp. nov.
(37)
mellicornis, sp. nov.
magnicornis, sp. Nov.
flavus, sp. nov.
(39)
(40)
101
(39) Colour dark-brown; legs and
antennz concolourous; wings
hyaline f . ees ss megacephalus, sp. nov.
Colour brow nish-yellow ; legs and
part of antennee bright-yellow ;
wings infuscated ... : NA’CSSUS, SP. NOV.
(40) Marginal vein almost as long as
the stigmal _.. helena, sp. nov.
Marginal vein distinctly shorter
than the stigmal ... Be (BD)
(41) Colour dark reddish- brown; ~ first
funicle-joint as wide as the pedicel sarpedon, sp. nov.
Colour bright golden-yellow; first
funicle-joint distinctly narrower
Ean the pedicel’ ~-..)2.. °°... °...9 flaviceps, sp. nov.
CERAPHRON SPECIOSISSIMUS, sp. nov.
Q. Head and thorax bright golden-yellow; abdomen
shining-black; legs and first seven antennal-joints golden-
yellow, last three joints biack; eyes and ocelli black. Antenne
10-jointed ; scape equal to next five joints combined; pedicel
twice as long as wide; first funicle-joint a little shorter and
narrower than the pedicel, twice as long as wide; 2-5 a little
wider than long; sixth abruptly larger than the fifth, as long
as wide; sixth and seventh subequal; last joint twice as long
as wide. Forewings barely reaching apex of abdomen;
moderately narrow; hyaline, but a broad dark band occurs,
covering last third of submarginal and all the marginal vein
and terminating at end of marginal vein, also a second band
occurs at the wing apex, but this band is not as dark as the
first one; discal cilia fine, rather dense; submarginal vein
terminating about the middle of the wing; marginal vein
two-thirds as long as the stigmal, which is moderately long,
its apex distant from the wing margin by one-half its own
length ; venation fuscous, the stigmal vein pale-yellow. Head
a little wider than the thorax; thorax distinctly longer than
wide, the scutellum longer than wide; abdomen wider than
the thorax, but no longer. Length, 11 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in forest, August 2, 1913 (A. P.
Dodd).
Type.—l. 2027, South Australian Museum.. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON CRESUS, sp. nov.
@. Shining-black; legs (including coxe) and antennal
scape and pedicel golden-yellow. Head slightly wider than
the thorax. Thorax rather slender, twice as long as wide;
with fine dense setigerous punctures; scutellum much longer
than wide. Abdomen scarcely wider than the thorax ; as long
102
as the head and thorax united ; second segment occupying most
of the surface, smooth. Antennz 10-jointed ; scape long, equal
to next three joints combined ; pedicel long and slender, five
times as long as wide; first funicle-joint a little narrower and
much shorter than the pedicel, four times as long as wide;
remaining joints all distinctly longer than wide ; sixth abruptly
larger than fifth; last joint two and a half times as long as
wide, two-thirds as long as the scape. Forewings just reaching
apex of abdomen; narrow, the apex rather pointed ; hyaline;
discal cilia fine and dense ; submarginal vein terminating about
middle of wing; marginal vein two-thirds as long as the
stigmal, which is moderately long, its apex distant from the
wing margin by one-half its own length; venation fuscous ;
the stigmal vein pale-yellow. Length, 1°50 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in forest, August 31, 1913 (A. A.
Girault).
Type.—I. 2028, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON CALLIOPE, sp. nov.
Q. Shining-black ; femora brown ; tibiz and tarsi golden-
yellow ; first five antennal-joints suffused with brown. Head
no wider than the thorax. Thorax scarcely longer than wide ;
finely polygonally sculptured ; scutellum scarcely longer than
wide. Abdomen wider than the thorax; no longer than the
head and thorax united. Antennz.10-jointed ; scape equal to
next three joints combined; pedicel long and slender, three
times as long as wide; first funicle-joint almost as long as the
pedicel ; second shorter, one-half longer than wide; third and
fourth as wide as long; fifth abruptly larger than the fourth ;
5-8 all distinctly longer than wide. Forewings almost reaching
apex of abdomen ; moderately narrow, the apex rather pointed ;
infuscated, the infuscation deepest in centre of wing; discal
cilia fine and dense ; marginal vein scarcely one-third as long
as the stigmal, which is long, its apex distant from the wing
margin by about one-eighth its own length. Length, 1°60 mm.
Hab.--North Queensland: Ayr. Described from one fe-
male caught by sweeping in forest, November 7, 1912 (A. A.
Girault).
Type.—I. 2029, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and forewings.
CERAPHRON OMPHALE, sp. Nov.
@. Shining-black; legs and first seven antennal-joints
golden-yellow. Head and thorax with scattered, minute,
setigerous pin-punctures. Head a little wider than the thorax.
Thorax a little longer than wide; scutellum longer than wide.
103
Abdomen a little longer and wider than the thorax. Fore-
wings reaching a little beyond apex of abdomen ; rather broad,
the apex rather squarely rounded; hyaline, but there is an
obscure band covering most of the marginal and apex of sub-
marginal vein, and the wing apex is obscurely infuscated ;
discal cilia not very fine, dense; marginal vein two-thirds as
long as the stigmal, which is moderately long and curved, its
apex distant from the wing margin by almost one-half its own
length ; venation fuscous, the stigmal vein pale-yellow. An-
tennz 10-jointed ; scape equal to next five joints combined ;
pedicel twice as long as wide; first funicle-joint a little shorter
and narrower than the pedicel, almost twice as long as wide;
2-7 gradually widening, all a little wider than long; sixth
abruptly larger than fifth; last joint large, two and a half
times as long as wide. Length, 1°20 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from two
females caught on windows, May, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—l. 2030, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON ADONIS, sp. nov.
Q. Dark reddish-brown ; eyes and ocelli black ; abdomen
suffused with dusky; legs and antenne golden-yellow ; apical
antennal-joints somewhat suffused with brown. Head scarcely
wider than the thorax, which is a little longer than wide.
Abdomen no wider than the thorax, and no longer than the
head and thorax united. Antennz 10-jointed; scape equal
to next five joints combined ; pedicel slender, two and a half
times as long as wide; first funicle-joint shorter and a little
narrower than the pedicel, twice as long as wide ; 2-5 gradually
widening ; second a little longer than wide; 3-5 slightly wider
than long; sixth rather abruptly larger than fifth, a little
longer than wide; seventh slightly longer than sixth; last
joint long, fully three times as long as wide, nearly as long
as the scape. Forewings reaching apex of abdomen ; moderately
broad, the apex rather square; hyaline, with a dark band
across the wing, involving the marginal and last fifth of
submarginal veins, and the wing apex is obscurely infuscated ;
discal cilia fine, rather sparse, in about 16 lines; marginal
vein two-thirds as long as the stigmal, which is rather long,
scarcely curved, its apex distant from the wing margin by
one-half its own length; venation very dark and distinct, but
the stigmal vein is pale-yellow. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, July 17, 1913
(A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I. 2031, South Australian Museum. A female on
‘a slide.
104
CERAPHRON VULGARIS, sp. nov.
Q. Head and thorax bright brownish-yellow ; abdomen,
legs, and first three antennal-joints golden-yellow; rest of
antenne brown; eyes and ocelli black. Head no wider than
the thorax. Thorax a little longer than wide, finely poly-
gonally sculptured ; scutellum slightly longer than wide. Ab-
domen a little longer than the head and thorax united ; wider
than the thorax. Antennz 10-jointed; scape equal to next
five joints combined ; pedicel two and a half times as long as
wide ; first funicle-joint as wide as the pedicel, one-half longer
than wide; 2-5 all somewhat wider than long; sixth rather
abruptly larger that the fifth; sixth and seventh longer than
wide ; last joint two-thirds as long as the scape. Forewings
scarcely reaching apex of abdomen; rather narrow, the apex
rounded; a little infuscated; discal cilia fine and dense;
marginal vein one-third as long as the stigmal, which is long
and curved, its apex distant from the wing margin by about
one-eighth its own length ; venation fuscous, the stigmal vein
paler. Length, 1°25 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland : Hee and Thursday Islands,
Torres Straits; Magnetic Island, near Townsville ; and Proser-
pine. Described from one female caught by sweeping in forest,
Horn Island, March 3, 1912 (A. A. Girault); one female
sweeping in forest, Thursday Island, March 2, 1912 (A. A.
Girault) ; one female Sweeping in old Chinese garden, over-
grown with weeds, Proserpine, November 3, 1912 (A. A.
Girault) ; and one female sweeping in forest, Magnetic Island,
January 19, 1913 (A. A. Girault). Also found at Nelson. —
Type.—I. 2032, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON LYCAON, sp. nov.
Q. Like vulgaris, Dodd, but the abdomen is no wider,
and is twice as long as the thorax ; the forewings reach to only
two-thirds length of the abdomen. Length, 1:25 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one —
female caught by sweeping in forest, September 13, 1912 (A.
A. Girault).
Type.—I. 2033, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON HELENA, sp. nov.
Q. Like vulgaris, but the second and third funicle-joints:
are slightly longer than wide; the marginal vein is almost as
long as the stigmal, which is not so long as in vulgaris, its
apex distant from the wing margin by one-third its own
length. Length, 1:10 mm.
105
Hab.—North Queensland: Herberton, 3,000 ft. De-
scribed from one female caught on a window, December 28,
1911 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—ti. 2034, South Australian Musuem. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON FLAVUS, sp. nov.
@. Like vulgaris, but the first seven antennal-joints are
pale honey-yellow; the first funicle-joint is scarcely longer
than wide, 2-5 very transverse, sixth and seventh distinctly
wider than long; the head darker, almost black; the abdomen
is scarcely longer than the thorax. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Kuranda. Described from
one female caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, May 19,
1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—t\. 2035, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON MAGNICORNIS, sp. nov.
Q. Like flavus, Dodd, but the head is bright-yellowish ;
the abdomen is of a deeper shade of brownish-yellow than the
_ thorax ; the abdomen is much longer than the head and thorax
united; the forewings are longer, and the marginal vein is
nearly one-half as long as the stigmal, not one-third as long as
in flavus. Length, 135 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Babinda. Described from
one female caught by sweeping foliage in jungle, October 28,
1911 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—Il. 2036, South Australian Museum. A female on
‘a slide.
CERAPHRON NARCISSUS, sp. nov.
Q. Like vulgaris, but the abdomen is scarcely longer
than the thorax ; first funicle- -joint narrower than the pedicel,
small, wider than long, sixth and seventh wider than long;
marginal vein nearly as long as the stigmal, which is not
long, its apex being distant from the wing margin by more
than one-half its own length. Length, 0°90 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in forest, August 10, 1912 (A.
A. Girault); also one female sweeping grass in swamp, Ing-
ham, January 13, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—l. 2037, South Australian Museum. -A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON FLAVICEPS, sp. nov.
@. Like narcissus, Dodd, but the antennal scape alone
as yellow; the first funicle- joint is narrower than the pedicel,
but is one-half longer than wide; the marginal vein is only
two-thirds as long as the stigmal, the apex of which is distant
106
from the wing margin by nearly one-half its own length.
Length, 0°90 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in forest, January 1, 1913 (A.
P. Dodd).
Type.—l. 2038, South Australian Musuem. A female on
a slide with the type appendages of meridianus, Dodd.
CERAPHRON SARPEDON, sp. NOV.
.. Dark reddish-brown; legs golden-yellow; antennz
wholly dark-brown. Structurally like faviceps, Dodd, but the
first funicle-joint is as wide as the pedicel, and the marginal
and stigmal veins are rather longer. Length, 1°20 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Mirani. Described from one
female caught on a window, October 18, 1911 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—\. 2039, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON MELLICORNIS, sp. NOV.
@. Colour as in magnicornis, Dodd. Antenne as in
flavus, Dodd, but the first funicle-joint is much wider than
long. Forewings as in vulgaris, Dodd, but the marginal vein
is nearly one-half as long as the stigmal. Abdomen a little
longer and wider than the thorax. Length, 090 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from two
females caught by sweeping in forest, July 3, 1912 (A. A.
Girault).
Type.—l. 2040, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON MEGACEPHALUS, sp. nov.
Q. Dark-brown ; legs concolourous, the tarsi pale-yellow ;
antennze concolourous. Head much wider than the thorax,
which is narrow, much longer than wide, finely polygonally
sculptured ; abdomen a little longer and wider than the thorax.
Antenne 10-jointed; scape rather swollen; pedicel twice as
long as wide; funicle-joints gradually widening; first much >
narrower than the pedicel, very small; 1-7 all a little wider
than long; sixth abruptly larger than the fifth; last joint
two-thirds as long as the scape. Forewings reaching apex. of
abdomen; short; moderately broad; hyaline; marginal vein
as long as the stigmal, which is short, its apex distant from the
wing margin by almost its own length. Length, 0°60 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in forest, May 26, 1913 (A. A.
Girault). . i
Type.—I. 2041, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
107
CERAPHRON NIGER, sp. NOV.
Q. Shining-black; legs (including the coxe) and anten-
nal scape and pedicel golden-yellow. Head no wider than the
thorax. Thorax one-half longer than wide, with fine, sparse
punctures ; scutellum somewhat longer than wide. Abdomen
a, little wider than the thorax, as long as the head and thorax
united. Antenne 10-jointed; scape a little swollen, equal to
next four joints combined; pedicel three times as long as
wide ; first funicle-joint as wide but shorter than the pedicel,
twice as long as wide; 2-4 all a little wider than long; fifth
abruptly larger than the fourth; 5-7 almost subequal, all a
little longer than wide; last joint long, two-thirds as long as.
the scape. Forewings reaching apex of abdomen ; moderately
broad, the apex sharply rounded, a little infuscated ; discal
cilia fine and dense; marginal vein two-fifths as long as the
stigmal, which is long and curved, its apex almost touching
the wing margin. Length, 1°50 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland, Nelson. A common species
along edges of jungles.
Type.—1. 2042, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antennz, and forewing, with
the type appendages of australicus, Dodd.
CERAPHRON I0, sp. Nov.
Q. Head and thorax black; abdomen brown ; legs and
antennal scape and pedicel golden-yellow; rest of antenne
dark-brown. Head scarcely as wide as the thorax. Thorax
one-half longer than wide, with only a few scattered punc-
tures; scutellum longer than wide. Abdomen much longer
than the head and thorax united, wider than the thorax.
Antenne 10-jointed; scape scarcely swollen, equal to next
five joints combined ; pedicel two and a half times as long as
wide; funicle-joints gradually widening towards the apex;
first funicle-joint as long and as wide as the pedicel ; second
as wide as long; third and fourth somewhat wider than long ;
fifth abruptly larger than fourth, a little longer than wide;
sixth and seventh subequal, each somewhat longer than the
fifth ; last joint long, one-half as long as the scape. Fore-
wings only reaching to two-thirds the abdominal length;
moderately broad; the apex rather rounded ; infuscated ;
marginal vein two-fifths as long as the stigmal, which is long
and curved, its apex almost reaching the wing margin.
Length, 2°60 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from two
females caught by sweeping in. forest, August 10, 1912 (A. A.
Girault).
108
Type.—I. 2043, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antennz, and forewings.
CERAPHRON ATLAS, sp. nov.
Q. Shining-black; legs (except the coxe) and first four
funicle-joints reddish-yellow ; scape and pedicel almost wholly
black ; last four antennal-joints black. Head no wider than
the thorax. Thorax scarcely longer than wide, with fine,
dense pin-punctures; scutellum a little longer than wide.
Abdomen scarcely wider than the thorax, no longer than the ~
head and thorax united. Antenne 10-jointed; scape not
swollen, equal to next four joints combined ; pedicel two and
a half times as long as wide; first funicle-joint as long and as
wide as the pedicel; 2-7 all as wide as long; fifth abruptly
larger than fourth; last joint scarcely twice as long as wide.
Forewings reaching apex of abdomen; very broad, the apex
squarely rounded; darkly infuscated; marginal vein one-third
as long as the stigmal, which is long and curved, its apex
distant from the wing margin by about one-sixth its own length.
Length, 2 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Mount Pyramid, 300-1,500 ft...
near Cairns. Described from one female caught by sweeping
in forest, June 2, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I. 2044, South Australian Museum. A female on
tag, plus a slide bearing antenne and HOreMnee:
CERAPHRON MERIDIANUS, sp. nov.
Q. Shining-black; the tarsi yellow; rest of legs and an-
tenn almost wholly black. Head’no wider than the thorax.
Thorax one-half longer than wide; finely polygonally sculp-
tured ; scutellum a little longer than wide. Abdomen wider
than the thorax, no longer than the head and thorax united.
Antenne 10-jointed ; scape somewhat swollen, equal to next.
four joints combined; pedicel slender, nearly three times as:
long as wide ; first funicle- -joint shorter and narrower than the
pedicel, one- ‘half longer than wide; 2-5 slightly wider than
long ; sixth abruptly larger than the fifth ; sixth and seventh
about. subequal, each a little longer than wide; last joint two-
thirds as long as the scape. Forewings reaching apex of
abdomen ; moderately broad, the apex rather rounded ; hya-
line, with a broad infuscated band occupying end of sub-
marginal and all marginal veins; discal cilia very fine, dense ;
marginal vein three-fifths as long as the stigmal, which is
scarcely curved, its apex distant from the wing margin by
nearly one-half its own length; venation fuscous, the stigmal
vein somewhat paler. Length, 1°30 mm.
109
Hab.—South Australia: Port Lincoln. Described from a
single female received from the South Australian Museum,
and captured by Mr. A. M. Lea.
Type.—I. 2045, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antennz, and forewings, with
the type of flaviceps, Dodd.
CERAPHRON MUSCOPHILUS, sp. nov.
Q. Golden-yellow; eyes, ocelli, apex and a spot on either
side of centre of abdomen dorsad, black; legs and antennal
scape and pedicel golden-yellow; first four funicle-joints white ;
last four antennal-joints black. Head scarcely as wide as
the thorax. Thorax scarcely one-half longer than wide;
scutellum a little longer than wide. Abdomen pointed-ovate ;
as long as the head and thorax united, no wider than the
thorax. Antenne 10-jointed; scape slender, equal to next
six joints combined; pedicel slender, nearly three times as
long as wide; first funicle-joint shorter but no narrower than
the pedicel; 2-4 all a little wider than long; fifth larger than
fourth, but not abruptly so; sixth longer than fifth; sixth
and seventh subequal, each longer than wide; last joint fully
three times as long as wide. Forewings reaching apex of
abdomen ; first third and apex of wing, a small area between
the proximal half of the stigmal vein and the wing margin,
and a smaller area opposite this, hyaline; the rest deeply
clouded ; discal cilia very fine, sparse; marginal vein one-half
as long as the stigmal, which is long and curved, its apex
almost touching the wing margin. Length,- 110 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Ourimbah; North Queens-
land: Port Douglas. Described from one female received
from the South Australian Museum, and labelled: ‘‘From
moss, Ourimbah’’; and one female caught on window of a
grocery store, Port Douglas, October 30, 1911 (A. A.
Girault).
Type.—Il. 2046, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and forewings, with
the type appendages of Lagynodes flavus, Dodd.
CERAPHRON AUREUS, sp. nov.
Q. Agreeing with muscophilus, Dodd, but only the first
three funicle-joints are white; the abdomen is much more
dusky dorsad ; the band on the wing is not so dark; the hyaline
area opposite the stigmal vein is larger; and the discal cilia
is dense, by no means sparse. Length, 110 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Cairns. Described from one
female caught on foliage of a ti-tree, November 1, 1911 (A.
A. Girault).
110
Type.—Il. 2047, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON GIRAULTI, sp. nov.
Q. Very like niger, Dodd, but differs in that the head
and thorax are finely polygonally sculptured; the forewings
are more rounded at the apex; and the fifth funicle-joint,
although abruptly larger than the fourth, is distinctly shorter
than the sixth, and wider than long. Length, 150 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson, Proserpine. A com-
mon species in forest country around Nelson; also found at
Proserpine, where a specimen was caught by sweeping in an
old Chinese garden overgrown with weeds, November 2, 1912
(A. A. Girault).
Type.—l. 2048, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide with the type appendages of tasmanicus, Dodd.
CERAPHRON TASMANICUS, sp. NOV.
@. Black; base of abdomen, legs, and antennal scape
golden-yellow. Head slightly wider than the thorax. Thorax
distinctly longer than wide; finely polygonally sculptured ;
scutellum longer than wide. Abdomen slightly wider than
the thorax, no longer than the head and thorax united. Fore-
wings as in niger, but they are more slender and graceful, and
are more infuscated. Antennz as in niger, but the first
funicle-joint is as long as the pedicel, 3-5 wider than long,
sixth abruptly larger than the fifth, which is not abruptly
larger than the fourth. Length, 150 mm.
Hab.—Tasmania: Mount Wellington (A. M. Lea). De-
scribed from one female received from the South Australian
Museum.
Type.—I. 2049, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antennez, and forewings, with
the type of giraulti, Dodd.
CERAPHRON ATER, Sp. nov.
Q. Like mger, but the abdomen is distinctly longer
than the head and thorax united, the antenne are stouter,
ee the first funicle-joint is as long as the pedicel. Length,
mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Redlynch, near Cairns. De-
scribed from one female caught by sweeping in a strip of
jungle, June 1, 1912 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—I. 2050, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and forewings.
|
CERAPHRON APELLES, sp. nov.
9. Like giraulti, Dodd, but the abdomen is brown; the
pedicel is not yellow; the second and third funicle-joints are
a little longer than wide; the forewings are hyaline; the mar-
ginal vein is one-half as long as the stigmal, which is not so
long, its apex being distant from the wing margin by about
one-fourth its own length. Length, 110 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Yungaburra, 2.500 ft. De-
scribed from one female caught by sweeping on edge of jungle,
December 30, 1911 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—Il. 2051, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON HERCULES, sp. nov.
Q. Agreeing with niger, Dodd, but the abdomen is rich
dark-brown ; the proximal half of the antennal scape alone is
yellow; rest of antenne black; the thorax has the fine poly-
gonal sculpture as in giraultt, Dodd; and the funicle-joints
2-4 are a little longer than wide. Length, 1°75 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping mature sugar cane, August 14,
1912 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—I. 2052, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON (NONE, sp. Nov.
Q@. Agreeing with girauliz, but the first four funicle-
joints are golden-yellow, rest of antennze brown; the abdomen
is brown, and is much wider than the thorax. Length,
150 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Brisbane, Nelson, and Babinda.
Described from one female received from the Queensland
Museum, and labelled: “‘Sweeping herbage Clayfield, Bris-
bane, June 29, 1913 (H. Hacker)’’; one female caught by
sweeping in forest, Nelson, August 10, 1912 (A. A. Girault) ;
one female sweeping foliage around jungle, Babinda, October
28, 1911 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—l. 2053, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON BIFASCIATIPENNIS, sp. nov.
Q. Bright golden-yellow ; apex of abdomen dorsad-dusky ;
last three antennal-joints brownish-black; head brownish-
black. Head no wider than the thorax. Thorax slender,
twice as long as wide; scutellum longer than wide. Abdomen
a little wider than the thorax, as long as the head and thorax
united. Antenne 10-jointed; scape equal to next six joints
combined ; pedicel twice as long as wide; first funicle-joint
shorter but scarcely narrower than the pedicel, one-half longer
112
than wide ; 2-7 all wider than long ; sixth abruptly larger than
fifth; last joint one-half as long as the scape. Forewings
reaching apex of abdomen ; moderately broad, the apex rather
squarely rounded; hyaline, with a broad infuscated band
covering the marginal and apical portion of submarginal vein,
and the wing apex is obscurely infuscated ; discal cilia fine,
not very dense; marginal vein one-fourth as long as the stig-
mal, which is very long, its apex distant from the wing margin
by about one-sixth its own length. Length, 0°85 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Harvey Creek. Described
from one female caught by sweeping in jungle, October 19,
1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I. 2054, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON ELONGATUS, sp. Nov.
@. Black; abdomen suffused with brown ; legs (including
cox) brown, the tarsi bright-yellow; scape brown; rest of
antenne fuscous. Head much wider than the thorax. Thorax
very narrow, nearly three times as long as wide, finely poly-
gonally sculptured. Abdomen little longer than the head and
thorax combined, a little wider than the thorax. Forewings
reaching apex of abdomen; moderately broad, the apex
rounded ; almost hyaline; discal cilia exceedingly fine, rather
sparse ; marginal vein two-thirds as long as the stigmal, which
is not very long, its apex distant from the wing margin by
one-half its own length. Antennz 10-jointed ; scape somewhat
swollen at base, equal to next five joints combined ; pedicel
nearly three times as long as wide; first funicle-joint shorter
and narrower than the pedicel, nearly twice as long as wide;
2-4 a little wider than long; fifth abruptly larger than the
fourth ; 5-7 subequal, each nearly twice as long as wide; last
joint one-half longer than the preceding, not one-half as long
as the scape. Length, 1:45 mm. |
Hab.—North Queensland: Ingham. Described from one
female-caught by sweeping grass in swamp, January 13, 1913
(A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I. 2055, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON IOLE, sp. nov.
- ©. Golden-yellow; apex of abdomen dusky; antennze
suffused with brown; eyes and ocelli black. Head distinctly
wider than the thorax. Thorax narrow, twice as long as wide,
with very fine polygonal sculpture; median furrow of meso-
notum delicate, but distinct. Abdomen a little longer and
wider than the thorax; second segment occupying only one-
half the abdominal length. Antennz 10-jointed ; scape short,
but equal to next six joints combined ; pedicel one-half longer
113
than wide ; funicle-joints 1-4 minute, much narrower than the
pedicel, somewhat wider than long; fifth rather larger than
fourth ; sixth abruptly larger than fifth, a little wider than
long; seventh slightly larger than sixth; last joint twice as
long as wide, two-thirds as long as the scape. Forewings just
reaching apex of abdomen; rather narrow; much infuscated,
but the apical fifth of wing perfectly hyaline, the hyaline
portion beginning just beyond apex of stigmal vein; discal
cilia exceedingly fine, sparse; marginal vein one-half as long
as the stigmal, which is rather short, scarcely curved, its
apex distant from the wing margin by one-half its own length ;
venation fuscous, the stigmal vein pale-yellow. Length,
0°80 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Kuranda. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in a forest pocket, 1,500 ft., Sep-
tember 12, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I. 2056, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON PULCHER, Sp. nov.
Q. Bright golden-yellow; eyes, ocelli, and last three
antennal-joints black; apical half of abdomen dusky. Head
a little wider than the thorax. Thorax scarcely longer than
wide ; finely polygonally sculptured; scutellum a little wider
than long. Wings totally absent. Abdomen a little wider
and longer than the thorax ; second segment occupying three-
fourths the abdominal length. Antennz 10-jointed; scape
equal to next six joints combined; pedicel twice as long as
wide; first funicle-joint as wide as the pedicel, one-half longer
than wide; 2-5 all distinctly wider than long; sixth abruptly
larger than fifth, as long as wide; seventh longer than sixth,
distinctly longer than wide; last joint one-half longer than
the preceding, and two-thirds as long as the scape. Length,
1:10 mm.
6. Differing from the female in having the head black,
and the scutellum and centre of mesonotum dusky. Antenne
11-jointed ; scape yellow, rest of antenne black; scape equal
to next two and a half joints combined ; pedicel scarcely twice
as long as wide; first funicle-joint slightly wider and distinctly
longer than the pedicel, two and a half times as long as wide;
second shorter, scarcely twice as long as wide; 3-8 subequal,
each a little shorter than second ; last joint somewhat longer
than the preceding one. Length, 1:10 mm.
Hab.—Tasmania: Mount Wellington (A. M. Lea). De-
scribed from four females, two males, on two cards, received
from the South Australian Museum.
Type.—Il. 2057, South Australian Museum. A male on
a slide, plus four females and a male on two tags.
114
On account of the differences in coloration, the specimen
described as the male of this species possibly belongs to a
different one.
CERAPHRON QUEENSLANDICUS, Sp. nov.
Q. Agreeing in colour, size, and structure of body, with
the female sex of pulcher, but differing in antennal structure
as follows:—Pedicel only a little longer than wide; first
funicle-joint as long as wide; 2-5 more transverse; sixth one-
half wider than long ; seventh longer, but distinctly wider than
Jong; last joint three times as long as the preceding one.
Length, 1:10 mm.
Hab.—South Queensland: Mount Tambourine. Described
from one female received from the South Australian Museum,
and labelled: ‘Rotting leaves; A. M. Lea.”
Type.—I. 2058, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag.
: CERAPHRON FLAVICOXA, Sp. NOV.
@. Very like tasmanicus, Dodd, but the base of abdo-
men, legs, and antennal scape are paler, and the first funicle-
joint is distinctly shorter than the pedicel, and scarcely one-
half longer than wide, also the forewings are less graceful.
Length, 1°10 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Kuranda. Described from one
female caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, May 19, 1913
(A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I. 2059, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide, with the male type of pulcher, Dodd.
CERAPHRON VARICORNIS, sp. NOV.
Q. Golden-yellow; eyes, ocelli, pedicel, first three
funicle- and last three antennal-joints black; scape, fourth
and fifth funicle-joints, and the legs golden-yellow. Head a
little wider than the thorax. Thorax one-half longer than
wide; smooth, with only a few small scattered punctures;
scutellum a little longer than wide. Abdomen no longer or
wider than the thorax. Forewings reaching apex of abdomen ;
. not broad, the apex rather sharply rounded; hyaline, with a
dark band involving marginal and apical half of submarginal
veins, and the wing apex is obscurely infuscated ; discal cilia
fine and sparse; marginal vein nearly as long as the stigmal ;
which is moderately long and curved, its apex distant from
the wing margin by one-fourth its own length. Antenne
10-jointed ; scape swollen at base, not long, but equal to next
five joints combined; pedicel: one-half longer than wide; first
funicle-joint much narrower than the pedicel, small, wider
115
than long; 2-5 rather sharply widening, all short, and fully
twice as wide as long; sixth abruptly larger than the fifth,
but much wider than long; last joint one-half longer than
wide, but one-half length of the scape. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in forest, August 25, 1912 (A.
A. Girault).
Type.—l. 2060, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON DIANA, Sp. Nov.
©. Colour as in varicornis, Dodd, but the antennz
(except the scape) are wholly black. Structure of body as in
varicornis, but the thorax has the usual fine polygonal
sculpture. Forewings banded as in varicornis; discal cilia
fine and dense; marginal vein one-half as long as the stigmal,
which is moderately long, its apex being distant from the
wing margin by nearly one-half its own length. Antenne
10-jointed ; scape a little swollen at base, as long as next five
joints combined ; pedicel twice as long as wide; first funicle-
joint as wide as the pedicel but shorter, one-half longer than
wide; 2-5 all a little wider than long; sixth abruptly larger
than fifth; sixth and seventh subequal, a little longer than
wide; last joint two and a half times as long as wide, half as
long as the scape. Length, 1:10 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in forest June 17, 1912 (A. A.
Girault).
Type.—Il. 2061, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON ACHILLES, sp. nov.
Q. Very similar to tasmanicus, Dodd, and flavicoza,
Dodd, but differing from both in having the abdomen wholly
black, the first funicle-joint only slightly longer than wide,
the sixth and seventh wider than long. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson and Babinda. De-
scribed from one female caught by sweeping in jungle,
Babinda, October 28, 1911, and one female sweeping in jungle,
Nelson, June 7, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—Il. 2062, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON APOLLO, sp. nov.
Q. Black; legs (including coxe) and antennal scape
golden-yellow. Antenne very much as in flavicora, Dodd;
pedicel slender, two and a half times as long as wide; first
funicle-joint much shorter, and a little narrower than the
pedicel, twice as long as wide; sixth and seventh slightly wider
than long. Forewings almost hyaline; marginal vein one-half
116
as long as the stigmal, which is not very long, scarcely curved,
its apex distant from the wing margin by about one-half its
own length. Otherwise the same, or nearly, as flavicoza.
Length, 1°40 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson, Innisfail. Described
from one female caught by sweeping in forest and jungle,
Nelson, June 27, 1913, and one female sweeping in jungle,
Innisfail, July 28, 1912 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—l. 2063, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag. .
CERAPHRON AUSTRALICUS, sp. NOV.
3. Black; apical abdominal segments brownish; tibie
brownish ; tarsi yellow; antennal scape and pedicel yellow, a
little dusky. Head no wider than the thorax; thorax some-
what longer than wide, finely polygonally sculptured ; abdomen
pointed-ovate, no wider than thorax, a little longer than head
and thorax united. Antenne 11-jointed; scape slender;
pedicel scarcely twice as long as wide; first funicle-joint a
little longer and wider than the pedicel, twice as long as wide;
2-8 shorter, subequal, all one-half longer than wide. Fore-
wings reaching beyond apex of abdomen; very broad, the
apex squarely rounded; much infuscated ; discal cilia fine and
dense; marginal vein not one-third as long as the stigmal,
which is long and curved, its apex distant from the wing
margin by one-fourth its length. Length, 145 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: National Park, near Sydney
(A. M. Lea). Described from one male received from the
South Australian Museum.
Type.—I. 2064, South Australian Museum. A male on
a tag, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and forewings,
with the type appendages of nzger, Dodd.
CERAPHRON PULCHERRIMUS, Sp. nov.
Q. Head and abdomen brownish-black; thorax bright
reddish-yellow, the mesonotum dusky; legs and first seven
antennal-joints golden-yellow. Head no wider than thorax.
Thorax a little longer than wide, finely polygonally sculptured.
Abdomen distinctly longer than the head and thorax united,
wider than the thorax. Antennz 10-jointed; scape slender,
as long as next six joints combined; pedicel one-half longer
than wide; first funicle-joint as wide as pedicel; 1-7 all short,
transverse, much wider than long; sixth rather abruptly
larger than fifth; seventh distinctly larger than sixth; last
joint twice as long as wide, two-thirds as long as the scape.
Forewings not reaching apex of abdomen; moderately broad,
the apex rather sharply rounded ; darkly infuscated, the apical
217
fifth hyaline; discal cilia fine and dense; marginal vein one-
third as long as the stigmal, which is long and curved, its
apex almost touching the wing margin. Length, 1°20 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Harvey Creek. Described
from one female caught by sweeping in jungle, November 15,
1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—I. 2065, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON BICOLOR, sp. nov.
Q. Head and thorax black; abdomen bright orange-
yellow ; legs and antennal scape golden-yellow; rest of antennze
brownish-black; first two pairs of coxze, femora, and tibiz
dusky-black. Head distinctly wider than the thorax, which
is rather slender; abdomen stout, wider but no longer than
thorax. Antennz 10-jointed; scape swollen at base, equal to
next five joints combined; pedicel twice as long as wide; first
funicle-joint a little narrower than pedicel, as wide as long;
2-7 all distinctly wider than long, the sixth abruptly larger
than fifth; club nearly twice as long as wide, two-thirds as
long as scape. Forewings reaching apex of abdomen; moder-
ately broad, the apex rounded; slightly infuscated; discal
cilia fine and dense; marginal vein three-fifths as long as the
stigmal, which is not very long, its apex distant from the
wing margin by fully one-half its own length. Length,
0°80 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in forest, June 30, 1912 (A. A.
Girault). Subsequently other females were caught.
Type.—l. 2066, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide with the type of Conostagmus lear, Dodd.
CERAPHRON SPLENDIDUS, sp. nov.
Q. Like bicolor, Dodd, but the first two pairs of coxe,
tibiz, and femora are only slightly dusky; the pedicel is
slender, three times as long as wide; first funicle-joint fully
twice as long as wide; 2-7 all a little longer than wide; last
joint fully two and a half times as long as wide. Length,
0°90 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Port Douglas. Described
. from one female caught on a window, March 25, 1912 (A. A.
Girault).
Type.—l. 2067, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
CERAPHRON DAPHNIS, sp. nov.
6. Shining-black; tibize and tarsi suffused with yellow.
Agreeing with australicus, Dodd, but the abdomen is as wide
and no longer than the thorax, truncately rounded at apex;
118
funicle-joints 2-8 all slightly wider than long; also the infus-
cation of the forewings is not regular, being deepest beneath
the stigmal vein. Length, 1:25 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Magnetic Island, Mount
Pyramid (2,500-3,000 ft.), and Kuranda. Described from
one male caught by sweeping grass and foliage, Magnetic
Island, January 27, 1913 (A. A. Girault) ; one male sweeping
forest, Mount Pyramid, 2,500-3,000 ft., June 2, 1913 (A. P.
Dodd) ; one male sweeping in forest, 1,500 ft., Kuranda, Sep-
tember 13, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—Il. 2068, South Australian Museum. A male on
a tag, the head, antennz, and forewings on a slide.
CERAPHRON LEAI, sp. nov.
Q. Black; base of abdomen, legs, and antennal scape
golden-yellow. Head no wider than the thorax. Thorax not
much longer than wide, finely polygonally sculptured ; scutellum
longer than wide. Abdomen a little wider than the thorax;
long, longer than the head and thorax united. Wings rudi-
mentary, not reaching to middle of abdomen. Antennz 10-
jointed; scape equal to next five joints combined; pedicel
nearly thrice as long as wide; first funicle-joint as wide as
pedicel, but somewhat shorter; second shorter than first; 3-5
wider than long; sixth abruptly larger than fifth, as long as
wide; seventh a little longer; last joint one-half longer than
preceding one. Length, 1°70 mm.
Hab.—Tasmania: Mount Wellington (A. M. Lea). The
species is named in honour of the collector. Described from
three females.
Type.—l. 2069, South Australian Museum. Three
females on two tags.
APPENDIX.
The following new species have recently been found in
a collection of North Queensland Hymenoptera. One species
has been received from the Northern Territory, but all the
others were collected by Mr. A. A. Girault and myself in
the coastal districts of North Queensland. The types are in
the South Australian Museum.
Family SCELIONIDA.
Subfamily TELENOMIN A.
DISSOLCOIDES EXSERTUS, Dodd.
One female caught by sweeping in forest, Nelson, April
7, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
119
PHANURUS HILLI, sp. nov.
Q. Shining-black; legs (including the coxe) golden-
yellow; antennz a little suffused with yellow. Head sub-
quadrate, as wide as the thorax; thorax slender, one-half
longer than wide. Abdomen as long as the head and thorax
united, narrower than the thorax; first and base of second
segment striate; second segment longer than wide, equal to
one-half the abdominal length. Antenne 11-jointed; scape
long and slender ; pedicel a little longer than wide; funicle-
joints all small, narrower than the pedicel; first as long as
wide; 2-4 wider than long; club 5-jointed, joints 1-4 wider
than long; first joint small; second slightly the longest and
widest. Forewings reaching apex of abdomen; rather narrow,
the apex rounded; hyaline; longest marginal cilia equal to
one-sixth greatest. wing width ; discal cilia moderately dense,
fine, arranged in about 16 rows; submarginal vein attaining
the costa a little before the middle of the wing; marginal
vein as long as the stigmal, which is rather oblique and short ;
postmarginal vein three times as long as the marginal. Length,
1 mm.
6. Abdomen shorter than in the female. Antenne
12-jointed ; golden-yellow ; third funicle-joint enlarged, wider
than the others, which are more or less subequal, small, as
wide or wider than long.
Hab.—Northern Territory: Stapleton. Described from
numerous specimens of each sex received from Mr. G. F. Hill,
Government Entomologist, Northern Territory, and labelled :
“From Tabanid egg-clusters, Stapleton, N.T., 7.1.13.”
Type.—l. 2180, South Australian Museum. Three
females, one male on a slide.
I have much pleasure in naming this species after its dis-
coverer.
TELENOMUS OSSA, Sp. nov.
. Like eta, Dodd, but the tibie are almost wholly
black; first funicle-joint distinctly shorter than the pedicel,
scarcely longer than wide; the others wider than long; an-
tennal club more transverse, the second joint being the widest
and longest ; the venation is fuscous, yellow in eta; the stigmal
vein is scarcely as long and is slightly bent in the centre.
Length, 1:10 mm. |
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
specimen caught by sweeping in forest, July 7, 1913 (A. P.
Dodd).
Type.—I. 2181, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
120
TELENOMUS ORONTES, sp. nov.
Q. Shining-black; antennal scape and pedicel toad
yellow; legs reddish- -yellow, but the coxe are black, femora
almost wholly black. Like enone, Dodd, but the Ger is
less distinct ; the marginal vein is two-thirds length of the
stigmal, which is paddle-shaped, but is much shorter than in
enone ; postmarginal vein twice as long as the stigmal. Length,
1:50 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
specimen caught by sweeping along streamlet in forest, June
29, 1913 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—l. 2182, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
TELENOMUS OCNUS, sp. nov.
2. Like olympus, Dodd, but differs as follows:—The
thorax of olympus is finely rugulose, and the first and second
abdominal segments are striate; in ocnus the thorax is finely
polygonally sculptured and only the first segment is striate ;
the cox are black in ocnus, yellow in olympus, the funicle-
joints are a little suffused with brown, and are not so slender,
the first twice as long as wide, the second is as long as the
first; the forewings are broader, the discal ciliation not so
dense, the stigmal vein is very long, and the postmarginal
vein is scarcely twice as long as the stigmal. Length, 1:20 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Harvey Creek. Described
from one specimen caught by sweeping foliage in jungle, July
13, 1913 (A. A. Girault)
Type.—l. 2183, South Australian Museum. A slide bear-
ing female head, antenne, and forewings.
TELENOMUS OAXES, sp. nov.
Q. Shining-black; tibie and tarsi golden-yellow;
antennz fuscous. Body considerably flattened. Head trans-
verse, as wide as the thorax. Thorax scarcely longer than
wide; finely polygonally sculptured. Abdomen sessile, very
flat, subcarinate on the sides; much longer and wider than the
thorax, but scarcely longer than wide; first segment short,
very transverse, striate ; second and third segments large, sub-
equal, finely polygonally sculptured ; remaining segments very
short. Antenne 11-jointed, scape equal to next five joints
combined ; pedicel twice as long as wide; funicle-joints small ;
first as long as wide; 2-5 transverse; club 4-jointed, first joint
rather small, second the longest and widest. Forewings just
reaching apex of abdomen; rather broad; a little infuscated ;
marginal cilia rather short; discal cilia very fine and dense;
submarginal vein attaining the costa about the middle of the
121
wing; marginal vein very short; stigmal vein moderately
long, oblique; postmarginal vein one-half longer than the:
stigmal; venation fuscous. Length, 1°50 mm.
On account of the flattened body, the large abdomen, and
the 4-jointed antennal club, this species is very distinct from
all the Australian ones.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
specimen caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, July 10, 1913.
fa. E. Dodd).
Type.—l. 2184, South Australian Museum. A female
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antennz, and forewings.
TELENOMUS PULCHERRIMUS, Sp. nov.
Q. Black; basal four-fifths of the abdomen, legs, and
first seven antennal-joints golden-yellow. Head no wider than
the thorax ; thorax scarcely longer than wide, finely polygonally
sculptured; abdomen as long as the head and thorax com-
bined, no wider than the thorax, first segment striate, second
segment equal to one-half abdominal length, smooth.
Antenne 11-jointed; scape equal to next four joints com-
bined ; pedicel a little longer than wide; first funicle-joint as.
wide as the pedicel; as wide as long; second as wide as first,
wider than long; third and fourth much narrower than the
second, very small, transverse; club 5-jointed, first joint
small, second the widest and longest, 1-4 much wider than
long. Forewings reaching a little beyond apex of abdomen ;
moderately narrow; hyaline; marginal cilia moderately long ;
discal cilia fine and dense; submarginal vein attaining the
costa about the middle of the wing; marginal vein one-third
as long as the stigmal, which is moderately long, not very
- oblique; postmarginal vein twice as long as the stigmal.
Length, 0:90 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Halifax. Described from one
specimen caught sweeping miscellaneous bushes near Herbert
River, February 26, 1913 (A. A. Girault).
Another very distinct species. This is the twenty-sixth
Australian species of the genus described by me.
_ Type.—t. 2185, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
NEOTELENOMUS EXIMIUS, sp. nov.
Shining-black; legs (except the cox), antennal
scape, and pedicel lemon-yellow. Head transverse, wider than
the thorax; thorax scarcely longer than wide; mesonotum
with fine polygonal sculpture; scutellum smooth. Abdomen
as wide as the thorax, no longer than the head and thorax
combined ; first segment short, striate; second segment occupy-
ing almost the whole length, smooth. Antenne 10-jointed;.
122
scape slender ; pedicel twice as long as wide; first funicle-joint
much longer than the pedicel; three and a half times as long
as wide; second shorter, twice as long as wide; third shorter
than second, but longer than wide; club 5-jointed, scarcely
wider than the funicle; first two joints a little longer than
wide, second the longest and widest; third and fourth a little
wider than long. Forewings reaching well beyond apex of
abdomen; broad; hyaline; marginal cilia short; discal cilia
rather fine, dense ; submarginal vein attaining the costa a little
beyond the middle of the wing; marginal vein one-third as
long as the stigmal, which is very long; postmarginal vein
one-half longer than the stigmal; venation lemon-yellow. A
very distinct species. Length, 150 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Harvey Creek. Described
from one specimen caught by sweeping foliage in jungle,
July 13, 1913 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—l. 2186, South Australian Museum. A female
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antennz and forewings.
NEOTELENOMUS MAGNICLAVATUS, Sp. Nov.
Q. Shining-black; legs (except the cox) and first six
antennal-joints golden-yellow. Structure asin eximius, Dodd,
but the head is no wider than the thorax. Antenne 10-
jointed; scape equal to next five joints combined; pedicel
slender, twice as long as wide; first funicle-joint as wide as
the pedicel, but much shorter, scarcely longer than wide;
2-4 very short, transverse, the fourth a little widened; club
4-jointed, very large, much wider than the funicle, first joint
the longest and widest. Forewings reaching a little beyond
apex of abdomen; rather broad, hyaline; marginal cilia rather
long ; discal cilia very fine and dense; submarginal vein attain-
ing the costa before the middle of the wing; marginal vein
short; stigmal vein long, oblique; postmarginal vein very
long, three times as long as the stigmal; venation very pale
yellow, scarcely dscernible. Length, 1 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland : Nelson. Described from one
specimen caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, July 21, 1913
(A> ES Doda)r
This species has antennz very much like a Plntyadstenah
The seventh Australian species of this genus.
Type.—\. 2187, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
Subfamily SCELION Ai.
MICROTELEIA PULCHRIPENNIS, Sp. nov.
Q. Shining-black; petiole of abdomen and the tarsi
golden-yellow ; tibiz suffused with yellow. Head transverse,
123
as wide as the thorax. Thorax a little longer than wide,
finely polygonally sculptured; mesonotum large; parapsidal
furrows distinct posteriorly, failing cephalad, very wide apart ;
scutellum semicircular; postscutellum and metanotum un-
armed. Abdomen no longer than the head and thorax com-
bined ; as wide as the thorax; petiolate, the petiole much
wider than long; third segment the longest ; first and second
segments striate, remainder with fine polygonal sculpture.
Antenne 12-jointed ; filiform ; scape equal to next three joints
combined ; pedicel one-half longer than wide; first funicle-
joint a little longer than the pedicel; second slightly shorter
than first ; 3-9 subequal, as wide as long. Forewings reaching
apex of abdomen; broad, the apex squarely rounded ; infus-
cated, but first third, apex, posterior margin of the wing for
its distal half, and an area at the marginal and stigmal veins
hyaline ; marginal cilia rather short; discal cilia fine, sparse,
in about 18 rows; submarginal vein attaining the costa a little
before the middle of the wing; marginal vein a little longer
than the stigmal, which is moderately long, oblique; post-
marginal vein twice as long as the stigmal. Length, 1°30 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
specimen caught by sweeping foliage in a jungle pocket, June
4, 1913 (A. A. Girault).
The first Australian species of this small genus.
Type.—I. 2188, South Australian Museum. A female,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and fore-
wings.
RIELIOMORPHA MANTIS, Dodd.
This species has again been reared from Mantid eggs in
forest, Nelson. From the same ootheca, a chalcid, Podagrion
grotwust, Girault, was bred. The Podagrions emerged on June
10, the Rieliomorphas on July 18. Both species were heavily
parasitized by another chalcid, LMntedon podagrionodis,
Girault.
SPARASION NIGRICOXA, sp. nov.
3. Differs from australicum, Dodd, only as follows: —
The venation of nigricozra is thicker than in australicum; the
stigmal vein is shorter, its blade only three times as long as
thick, six times as long as thick in australicum; the knob of
the stigmal vein in australicum is curved slightly caudad, in
mgricoxa it is quite straight. Length, 1°75 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
specimen caught by sweeping in forest, July 7, 1913 (A. P.
Dodd).
Type.—I. 2189, South Australian Museum. A male,
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antenne and forewings.
124
B2ONEURELLA, nov. gen.
Q. Like Beoneura, Foerster, but the antenne are
11-jointed ; the submarginal vein attains the costa about the
middle of the wing; marginal vein punctiform; stigmal vein
very short, scarcely developed; postmarginal vein no longer
than the stigmal.
Type.—Beoneura giraulti, Dodd.
B#ONEURELLA (BZONEURA) ELONGATA, Dodd.
B#ONEURELLA PULCHRA, sp. nov.
Q. Differs from giraulta only as follows:—The first
funicle-joint of giraultz is a little shorter than the second,
in pulchra it is a little longer than the second; the third and
fourth funicle-joints of pulchra are rather larger than in
giraulti; the fifth funicle-joint of girault: is not perceptibly
wider than the fourth, in pulchra it is distinctly wider and
becomes the first joint of the club. Length, 1°40 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from two
females caught by sweeping in forest, May, June, 1913.
This species was first recorded by me as giraultz.
Type.—I. 2190, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide, with a specimen of giraultz.
BHONEURELLA NIGRA, sp. nov.
Q. Black; apex of abdomen, legs, and antennz a little
‘suffused with red. Differs from the other species in colour,
and in having the venation quite distinct, very indistinct in
the other species. Antenne as in giraulti. Length, 140 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Pentland. Described from
two females caught by sweeping in forest, December 7, 1912
(A. A. Girault).
Type.—l. 2191, South Australian Museum. A female on
a slide.
MALLATELEIA ASHMEADI, Dodd.
@. Antenne 12-jointed; first six joints golden-yellow,
the rest black; scape equal to next six joints combined;
pedicel twice as long as wide; first funicle-joint slightly nar-
rower than the pedicel, a little longer than wide; second as
wide as long; third and fourth wider than long; club
6-jointed ; first joint small, 1-5 much wider than long, second
slightly the longest, third and fourth slightly the widest.
‘Other characters as in the male.
Described from one specimen caught by sweeping on edge
of jungle, Nelson, July 16, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
T'ype.—I. 2192, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag.
125
PARIDIS TRIDENTATA NIGRIPES, var. Nov.
Q. The same as tridentata, Dodd, but the coxe, femora,
and antenne are black; in tridentata the legs (including the
coxe) and first six antennal-joints are golden-yellow.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
specimen caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, June 29,
1913 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—l. 2078, South Australian Museum. A female on
a tag.
PLASTOGRYON (HaDRONOTUS) RUFITHORAX, Dodd.
This species should be included in the genus Plastogryon.
PLASTOGRYON UNICOLOR, sp. nov.
Q. Like niger, Dodd, but the femora and antennal
scape are suffused with red; the first funicle-joint is a little
longer and wider than the pedicel, third and fourth wider
than long; the forewings are slightly infuscated; not so
wide, the apex not so square, venation yellow, and the mar-
ginal vein is scarcely longer than the stigmal. Length,
150 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
‘specimen caught by sweeping in forest, low slopes of moun-
tain range, July 9, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
Type.—l. 2193, South Australian igen A female
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and
forewings.
PLASTOGRYON NIGRICEPS, sp. nov.
Q@. Head black; thorax bright brownish-yellow;
abdomen, legs, and antennal scape golden-yellow; rest of
antenne black. Structure as in bicolor, Dodd, but the first
funicle-joint is only one-half longer than wide. Forewings
barely reaching apex of abdomen; rather broad, but the apex
not so square as in niger, Dodd; hyaline; venation yellow;
‘ssubmarginal vein attaining the costa distinctly before the
middle of the wing; marginal vein no longer than the stigmal,
which is very oblique; postmarginal vein longer than the
marginal. Length, 1°50 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Magnetic Island, near Towns-
ville. Described from one specimen caught sweeping in
forest, January 19, 1913 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—l. 2194, South Australian Museum. A female
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antennze and forewings.
PLASTOGRYON FLAVIPES, sp. nov.
Q. Shining-black; legs (except cox) and antennal scape
reddish - yellow. Head and thorax finely reticulately
126
rugulose ; first abdominal segment striate, remaining segments:
finely rugulose. Antenne as in niger, Dodd, but the first
funicle-joint is scarcely narrower than the pedicel and only
one-half longer than wide. Forewings as in niger, but vena-
tion as in wnecolor, Dodd. Length, 16 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Harvey Creek. Described’
from one specimen caught by sweeping foliage in a jungle,
July 13, 1913 (A. A. Girault).
The eighth Australian species of the genus.
Type.—l. 2195, South Australian Museum. A female.
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antennz and forewings.
BARYCONUS PRETIOSUS, sp. nov.
¢. Like bellus, Dodd, but differs as follows:—In bellus-
the thorax is uniformly bright orange-yellow; in pretiosus
the cephalic half of the median lobe of the mesonotum, the
scutellum, and postscutellum are darker than the rest of the
thorax. In bellus the abdomen is mostly yellow and the first.
segment is darker than the second; in pretiosus the abdomen
is mostly black, but the first segment is bright-yellow; the-
postmarginal vein in bellws is more than twice the length of
the stigmal, in pretiosus it is not twice the length of the-
stigmal. Antenne 12-jointed; scape and pedicel yellow, rest
of antenne black; pedicel scarcely longer than wide, dis-
tinctly shorter than first funicle-joint ; funicle-joints 1-3 sub-
equal; 4-9 subequal, each a little shorter than the third.
Length, 150 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Herbert River. Described
from one specimen caught by sweeping garden flowers and
grass in forest, February 18, 1913 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—l. 2196, South Australian Museum. A male-
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and
forewings.
BARYCONUS (OPISTHACANTHA) LONGIPENNIS, Dodd.
The species Opisthacantha longipennis, Dodd, should be:
included here. It has the spined postscutellum of Opistha-
cantha, Ashmead, but the longer first abdominal segment and’
the long wings exclude it from that genus.
BaRYcONUS (CERATOTELEIA) MAGNIFICUS, Dodd.
One male caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, Nelson,
July 10, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).
BARYCONUS SORDIDUS, sp. nov.
@. Dark reddish-brown, centre of abdomen lighter;
legs golden-yellow; antennz fuscous. Structure as in simplez,.
127
Dodd, but postscutellum with a short spine; posterior angles
of the metanotum with a short spine; first abdominal segment
with a short horn; ovipositor not exserted; first funicle-joint
as wide as the pedicel, only one-half longer than wide; second
and third gradually narrowing, not subequal, each one-half
longer than wide; fourth very small; club 6-jointed, third
joint slightly the longest and widest. Forewings reaching
apex of abdomen; narrow, the apex almost pointed; a little
infuscated ; marginal cilia moderately long; discal cilia moder-
ately fine and dense; venation giving off long hairs; submar-
ginal vein attaining the costa a little before the middle of
the wing; marginal vein two-thirds as long as the stigmal,
which is very oblique, moderately short; postmarginal vein
four times as long as the stigmal; basal vein indicated ; vena-
tion brown. Length, 150 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught on window, June, 1912 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—l. 2197, South Australian Museum. A female
‘tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antenne and forewings.
BARYCONUS TRISPINOSUS, sp. nov.
3. Comes nearest to sordidus, Dodd, but the parapsidal
furrows are very delicate; the mesonotum is smooth; the first
abdominal segment is distinctly longer than wide; the fore-
wings reach well beyond apex of abdomen, they are much
broader, the apex not so pointed; the stigmal vein is not so
oblique. Like longipennis, Dodd, but the forewings are
longer; the antennz are longer; the second funicle-joint is
‘distinctly longer than the first, the others gradually diminish-
ing in length; the metathorax has two spines. Length,
150 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Harvey Creek. Described
from one male specimen caught by sweeping in virgin jungle,
July 13, 1913 (A. A. Girault).
The twentieth Australian species of the genus.
Type.—l\. 2198, South Australian Museum. A male
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and
forewings.
OPISTHACANTHA AUSTRALICA, Dodd.
One female sweeping in virgin jungle, Harvey Creek,
‘near Cairns, July 13, 1913 (A. A. Girault).
MACROTELEIA VARICORNIS, Sp. nov.
; Q. Like tricolor, Dodd, but differs in having all the
‘thorax bright reddish-brown and the centre of the abdomen
reddish-brown, whereas tricolor has the posterior half of the
128
mesonotum and the whole abdomen black. Antenne 12-
jointed ; scape and funicle-joints reddish-yellow, pedicel black,
club black; pedicel twice as long as wide; first funicle-joint
much narrower and a little longer than the pedicel, four
times as long as wide; second a little shorter; third shorter
than second, twice as long as wide; fourth a little longer than
wide; club wide, 6-jointed; second joint slightly the longest,
third slightly the widest. Abdomen without a horn. Length,
2°40 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping grass along creek in forest, July 7,
Isha, Dodd):
Type.—I. 2199, South Australian Museum. A female
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antennze and forewings.
MACROTELEIA UNICOLOR, Sp. Nov.
Q. Like minima, Dodd, but the legs (except the coxz)
are bright reddish-yellow and the second funicle-joint is no
longer than the first. Structurally like varicornis, Dodd, but
the mesonotum has scattered punctures, the first funicle-joint
is no longer than the pedicel, and the second is as long as the
first. Length, 2°50 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in forest, July 1, 1913 (A. P.
Dodd).
Type.—l. 2200, South Australian Museum. A female
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antennz and forewings.
MAcCROTELEIA SETOSA, Sp. Nov.
3. like waicolor, Dodd, but the coxe are reddish-
yellow, like the legs; the cephalic margin of the forewing has
a slight, yet distinct, curve for its entire length, in wnicolor
the margin is quite straight for almost its entire length; the
thorax is distinctly pubescent, in wnecolor the pubescence is:
absent. Antennz 12-jointed; scape reddish-yellow, remain-
ing joints black; first funicle-joint longer than the pedicel,
twice as long as wide; second distinctly longer than the first,
three and a half times as long as wide; third slightly shorter
than second but longer than the first; 4-9 subequal, twice as
long as wide; last funicle-joint no longer than the third.
Also resembling znornata, Dodd, but at once distinguished by
having punctures on the mesonotum, in imornata the meso-
notum is smooth. Length, 2°45 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland : Nelson. Described from one
male caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, July 21, 1913.
(A. PP. Dedd):
129
Type.—Il. 2201, South Australian Museum. A male
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and
forewings.
MACROTELEIA AUSTRALICA, sp. nov.
3d. Black; legs (including cox) and antennal scape
golden-yellow. Structurally like trzcolor, Dodd, but the head
and mesonotum have dense, fine punctures; the scutellum has
scattered punctures; the wings are slightly infuscated; the
stigmal vein is not so oblique; the postmarginal vein is three
times as long as the marginal; and the basal vein is distinct,
twice as long as the marginal, venation fuscous. Antenne
12-jointed ; pedicel one-half longer than wide; funicle-joints
long and cylindrical; first twice as long as wide; second a
little shorter than first; third distinctly longer than first,
three times as long as wide; the others gradually diminishing
in length; last funicle-joint as long as the third. Length,
2°50 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Harvey Creek. Described
from one male caught by sweeping in virgin jungle, July 13,
1913 (A. A. Girault).
At once distinguished from all the Australian species by
the dark basal vein. The eleventh Australian species of the
enus.
; Type.—Il. 2202, South Australian Museum. A male
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing antenne and forewings.
Genus Hapronotus, Foerster.
The genus Te/enomoides, Dodd, is synonymous with
Hadronotus, Foerster, the mistake arising through my count-
ing the abdomen as non-carinate. The genus Hadronotus
will, therefore, contain the following Australian species :—
(1) < =e Dodd; (2) splendidus, Dodd; (3) nigriclavatus,
Dodd; (4) mnegricora, Dodd; (5) nigricorella, Dodd; (6)
flavus, Dodd; (7) parvipennis, Dodd; (8) aguaticus, Dodd ;
(9) giraulti, Dodd (Telenomoides); (10) angustipennis, Dodd
(Telenomoides); (11) nigricornis, Dodd (Telenomordes); (12)
rufipes, nom. nov. (Telenomoides flavipes, Dodd); (13)
assimilis, nom. nov. (Telenomoides insularis, Dodd); (14)
affins (Telenomoides bicolor, Dodd).
HADRONOTUS NIGRIPES, sp. nov.
QO. Like mgricornis, Dodd, but differs in its more robust
size, in having the venation darker, and the marginal vein
two-thirds as long as the stigmal, one-third as long as the
stigmal in migricornis. This species was first identified as
nigricornis. Length, 140 mm.
F
130
Hab.—North Queensland: Pentland. Described from
one female caught by sweeping in forest, December 7, 1912
(A. A. Girault).
Type.—I1. 2203, South Australian Museum. A female
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and
forewings.
HADRONOTUS FUMOSUS, sp. nov.
3d. Black; antennal scape and the legs (except the
coxe) reddish-yellow. Thorax finely densely punctured.
Abdomen with first segment striate, remaining segments finely
rugulose, second segment distinctly the longest. Forewings
reaching a little beyond apex of abdomen; moderately broad,
the apex not very square; hyaline, but an irregular, longi-
tudinal area round the stigmal and postmarginal veins infus-
cated ; marginal cilia rather short; discal cilia fine and dense;
submarginal vein curving slightly downwards before joining
the costa about the middle of the wing; marginal vein very
short ; stigmal vein moderately short, very oblique; postmar-
ginal vein twice as long as the stigmal. Antennz 12-jointed ;
funicle-joints more or less moniliform; 2-9 subequal, slightly
wider than long. Length, 1°40 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland: Pentland. Described from
one male caught by sweeping in forest, January 8, 1913 (A.
A. Girault).
This species comes nearest to assemilis, Dodd, but is
readily distinguished from that species.
Type.—I. 2204, South Australian Museum. A male
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and
forewings.
HADRONOTUS FLAVICORNIS, sp. nov.
Q. Head, posterior half of mesonotum, scutellum, and
apical two-thirds of abdomen black; rest of thorax and
abdomen reddish-brown; legs and antennze golden-yellow,
antennal club brown. Structure as in fwmosus, Dodd, but
the first abdominal segment is a little the longest. Forewings
reaching a little beyond apex of abdomen, moderately broad,
the apex rather rounded; much infuscated, the infuscation
deepest near the wing apex; longest marginal cilia equal to
one-fifth greatest wing width; discal cilia fine and dense;
venation as in fumosus, but the submarginal vein curves fur-
ther downwards and the postmarginal is scarcely as long as
the stigmal. Antennz 12-jointed; pedicel scarcely longer
than wide; funicle-joints as long as the pedicel, all very trans-
verse, much wider than long; club 6-jointed, 1-5 much wider
than long, first joint very short. Length, 125 mm.
131
Hab.—North Queensland: Harvey Creek. Described
from one female caught by sweeping in virgin jungle, July 13,
1913 (A. A. Girault).
Type.—I. 2205, South Australian Museum. A female
tagmounted, plus a slide bearing head, antenne, and
forewings.
Family DRYINIDA.
Subfamily ANTEONIN ZZ.
ANTEON RETICULATICEPS, sp. nov.
Q. Colour as in parvulus, Perkins, but differing from
all the Australian species of the genus in having the head,
pronotum, mesonotum, and metanotum with sparse reticula-
tion, the reticulation in raised lines. Length, 3 mm.
Hab.—North Queensland : Nelson. Described from one
female soeeut by sweeping in jungle, June 4, 1913 (A. A-
Girault). .
Type.—l. 2072, South Australian Museum. A female
on a tag.
ANTEON AUSTRALIS, sp. nov.
Q. Like superbus, Dodd, but the abdomen is black;
the head has sparse indefinite punctuation; the pronotum is
not so long ; the metanotum is shorter and is without the two
grooves; the antennal scape is much longer than the pedicel ;
first funicle-joint two-thirds longer than the pedicel, three
and a half times as long as wide; second distinctly shorter
than first; third not or scarcely shorter than the second.
The twentieth Australian species of the genus. Length,
3°50 mm.
Hahbh.—North Queensland: Nelson. Described from one
female caught by sweeping in jungle, July 21, 1913 (A. P.
Dodd).
Type.—l. 2073, South Australian Museum. A female
on a tag.
F2
132
NOTES ON AUSTRALIAN CETONIDES; WITH A LIST OF
SPECIES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME NEW ONES.
By Arruur M. Lea, F.E.S., Museum Entomologist.
[Contribution from the South Australian Museum. |
[Read May 14, 1914.]
PLATES Vi ro XT.
The acquisition by the South Australian Museum of two
fine new species of Dilochrosis rather forcibly directed my
attention to the Cetonides, a subfamily of beetles considered
by many entomologists to be the finest of all. I was pre-
viously well aware of the chaotic condition of the Australian
genera, which have never been considered as a whole, except
by Kraatz; and his revision but added to the confusion.
In 1880 Dr. Kraatz gave what purported to be a
generic revision of the Australasian Cetonides. No doubt our
species needed a certain amount of revision, but Kraatz used
colour and markings to an unjustifiable extent, with the
result that, if his characters were strictly adhered to, new
genera would be required for varieties of well-known species.
As an example, the diagnosis of his supposedly new genus
Pheopharis ) contains the following particulars :—‘‘Antennze
castanee. Thorax supra castaneus, disco macula magna
lobata; ) basi apiceque nigris. Scutellum nigrum. LElytra
castanea, basi humeris suturaque nigris. Pedes nigri, tibiis
castaneis, apice nigris.’’ Speaking of the genera proposed by
Kraatz, Blackburn said: 4) ‘‘Some of these latter are, I think,
very unsatisfactorily characterized, and founded on slight
characters, even colour being treated as generic.’’ Janson
also ©) speaks of “‘the other numerous so-called genera as
characterized”’ by Kraatz. .
In preparing my notes on the subfamily I have probably
had under examination much greater numbers of species and
of specimens from Australia than have ever previously been
gathered together. For this several Museums and private
(1) Deutsche Ent. Zeit, pp. 177-214.
(2) Founded on Dilochrosis brown.
(3) This spot is sometimes absent.
(4) Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1898, p. 246.
Gy Koe., 1889, parse:
133
collectors have to be thanked, in particular the National
Museum, Melbourne, and Mr. C. French.
I do not purpose giving here, however, a complete generic
revision of our species, but where some are obviously out. of
place to refer them to genera in which they would seem to be
more at home. The list, therefore, simply gives particulars
of the species that have been described or recorded from Aus-
tralia, with an attempt at a better grouping than that by
Kraatz, many of his genera of necessity being retained.
References to species described or commented upon since the
date of Masters’ Catalogue are given; but where noted in that
catalogue, and not since referred to, the numbers there given
are regarded as sufficient, and are noted in _ brackets.
Where the species are unknown to me they have been left
in the genera in which they appear in Masters’ Catalogue,
unless specially commented upon.
In his ‘‘Australian Insects,’’ pp. 160-162, Froggatt gives
some notes on various members of the subfamily, but the
species he refers to as Trichaulax marginipennis is evidently
T. trichopyga. On pl. xvii. four species are figured. He
also has given life histories of several species, references to
these being noted in the list.
Figures of the markings of many species are herewith
given, mostly from South Australian collections, but often
from specimens in the National Museum or in Mr. French’s
collection.
In Kraatz’s revision considerable attention was nearly
always given to the pronotum; but, as a matter of fact, if
Lomaptera (with its subgenera), Glycyphana, and Muicro-
valgus are excluded, the sides and base are so similar in all
the genera that they cannot be usefully employed. The sides
are incurved near the apex, and again near the base, more
noticeably on some forms than on others, but the differences
are only of degree. Similarly with the base, the median
sinus is sometimes deeper on some species than on others, and
its proportion to the lateral ones varies; but the differences
are only of degree. The scutellum also can seldom be use-
fully employed.
_ The dentition of the tibie is nearly always sexually vari-
able, the female as a rule having more teeth than the male,
this being especially the case with the front pair. To adopt
many of Kraatz’s diagnoses would often mean referring the
sexes or varieties of one species to two different genera.
On the majority of species the pygidium is marked with
concentric scratches or strige, usually leading up to a small
median space. But on some specimens the scratches, whilst
of the usual type, leave two small spaces, which then appear
134
like small granules. This appears to be due to individual
variation; it is more common in Diaphonia and the alhed
genera than in others.
In the heavily-timbered parts of Australia many of our
finest species appear to occur in abundance, but they are very
seldom seen, as they frequent the tops of tall trees. Such
collectors as the Dodd Brothers, H. Hacker, and the late H.
Elgner, who have climbed trees and there waited, net in
hand, have obtained many fine insects that the ordinary col-
lector never sees. In this way they have obtained Lomapitera
macrosticta and hackert, Chlorobapta tibialis, Dilochrosis:
frenchi and balteata, Calodema plebejus, Metaxymorpha
gloriosa and hauserz, and other magnificent day-flying beetles.
The travelling collector, as a rule, obtains only the com-
moner species that occur on flowering shrubs and dwarf trees;
with an occasional good straggler. By felling trees in full bloom
in fairly open country some of the rarer species may be taken
occasionally. More than half the species known to occur in
the vicinity of Sydney are to be taken on the flowers of
Angopheora cordifolia. Whether, when collecting cn tall trees
is easier than it is at present, many species will be taken in
Tasmania is a question for the future; at present only one
representative of the subfamily, a small J/ierovalqus, is known
from there.
In a group in which great variability is common, and
often combined with rarity of specimens, it is only natural
that extensive synonymy should result. Wallace’s remarks
on the Malayan Cetonides are equally applicable to the
Australian: ‘““The phenomena of variation are well exhibited
here. . . . We have insects of wide range, and with such
an amount of variation, that few would consider it possible
that the extremes, considered alone, could be the same species ;
but these extremes are united by a series of intermediate
forms, many of which occur together in the same locality.”
Probably all, or most, of our species will eventually be
found to have varietal forms; but the three following lists
of species normally, or occasionally, entirely black, may be
of interest.
Black species, sometimes with a metallic gloss. No
varieties, differing in colour of upper-surface, as yet
described : —
Cacochroa pullata.
Diaphonia frenchi (Schoch, not Lea).
Metallesthes metallescens.
Microvalgus mucronatus.
M. mgrinus.
(6) Trans. Ent. Soc., Wendoesvad cere iv.
135
M. squamiventris.
Pseudoclithria fossor.
P. maura.
Tapinoschema lacunosa.
Black species, with described colour varieties :—
A blacopus ater.
Cacochroa gymnopleura.
Diaphona carolr.
Pseudoclithria ruficorms.
Normally not entirely black species, but with varieties
having at least the entire upper-surface black :—
Cacochroa decorticata.
C. variabilis.
Chlorobapta frontalis.
Diaphona satelles.
D. «xanthopyga.
Lomaptera hackert.
Micropecila cincta.
Microvalgus vagans.
Pseudoclithria harticeps.
Trichaulax philipsi.
The Australian Cetonides are readily divisable into three
main groups :—
1. Prothorax with a large medio-basal lobe covering, or
almost covering, the scutellum. Lomaptera and subgenera
of same. (7)
2. Prothorax without such a lobe, but base more or less
distinctly trisinuate.(8) Mesosternum with a produced process
of variable shape. All genera, except in 1 and 3.(9)
3. Prothorax with base rounded. Mesosternal process
transverse, not produced. Size very small. JMucrovalgus.
Lomartera, Gory et Percheron (including Lamapteroides
and Ischiopsopha).
Lomaptera, and the other genera that have been proposed
at its expense, are readily distinguished from all other Aus-
tralian Cetonides by the median prothoracic lobe being pro-
duced backwards so as to almost or entirely conceal the
(7) Several genera, not all Australian, have been proposed at
the expense of Lomaptera, and usually upon very slight grounds.
(8) Except in Glycyphana.
(9) The genera of this section are, as a rule, so ill-defined and
lacking in stability, various combinations of characters being
looked on as important by some authors and as unimportant by
others, that it appears undesirable to use the same specific name
in it twice.
scutellum. Schoch, in Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., x.,
136
141-174, has reviewed the species, giving a table of those
belonging to Lomaptera (p. 141) and Ischiopsopha (p. 157).
To the latter subgenus yorkiana and pulchripes are referred
in the table, but they are not otherwise mentioned. At p. 151
Lomapteroides was proposed for duboulayt.
Uh
ACANTHOPYGA, Lea, n. sp.
2. AUSTRALIS, Wallace (2534).
Bibs
13.
14.
prasina, Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeit., 1887, p. 154.
umitatriz, Moser, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belge, 1910, p-
355; Deutsche Ent. Zeit, 1912, p. 565.
.. CINNAMOMEA, Thoms. (2535) ; Schoch, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent.
Ges., x, p. £495 aN Ok
var. diaphonia, Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeit, 1880,
[Os AD).
var. nigrvpes, Kraatz, l.c., p. 215.
DEYROLLEI, Thoms. (2539); Schoch, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent.
Ges., x2, p. [627 7 Australia:
. DUBOULAYI, Thoms. (2536) ; v. d. Poll, Notes Leyd. Mus.,
xii., p. 188; Schoch, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., x., p.
151; Lea, Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1906, p. 562.
marginata, Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeit., 1890, p. 31.
. HACKERI,. luea, rec, Linn. Soec., No S.W.. 0G:
562 @:
) MACROSTIODA, lea, Lc.) Pp. ool:
. PULCHRIPES, Thoms. (2537); Gestro, Ann. Mus. Civ.
Gen, 18785 sp. 30. . 7 @)
. pyGMmaA, Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeit., 1880, p. 915;
Schoch, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., x., p. 89.
. WALLISIANA, Thoms., Mus. Sci., p. 34; Wallace, Trans.
Ent. Soc., Lond., iv. (3rd ser.), p. 540; Janson,
Cist. Hint. ap. 249. @:
. YORKIANA, Janson (2538). Q.
bourkei, Blackb., Trans. Roy. Soc., S.A., 1895, p. 44.
HEMIPHARIS, Burm.
INSULARIS, Gory et Perch. (2540). Q., N.T., N.W.A.
olivacea, Schoch, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., x.,
le ALO
var. speciosa, Janson (2542).
froggattt, Macl., Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1888,
HOD:
Aeneas Gestro (2541). N.W.A.
Ditocurosis, Thoms. (including Phepharis).
ATRIPENNIS, Macl. (2545). Q.,. N.T., N.W.A.
var. castanea, Janson (2547).
15.
1G,
Ait
18.
19.
‘20.
al.
22.
23.
ak.
25.
‘26.
Anil
‘28.
29.
30.
‘31.
32.
137
BALTEATA, Vollenh. Mohn., Revis. Arch. fiir Naturg.,
ZXVil.; tOiiep. 201, pl. vi., ig. dp Bilge. Trans.
Roy. Soc. n.8., 1895, p. 219.
BAKEWELLI, White (2546). Q., N.S.W., V.
BROUNI, Kirby (2543). Q., N.T., N.W.A.
brunont, Burm.
FRENCHI, Blackb., Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1893,
p. 245. Q.
RUFOLATERA, Lea, n. sp.
SUBFOVEATA, Thoms. (2548). Australia.
TORRIDA, Janson (2549). N.W.A.
WALTERI, Lea, n. sp. N.W.A.
Pc@cILOPHARIS, Kraatz. (10)
BMELEA, White, roc) Zool. Soe:,.1856, p. 16, pl. xh.,
mee 9." ©);
Evupra@cita, Burmeister.
AUSTRALASIZ, Don. (2553); Froggatt, Proc. Linn. Soc.,
MasewWe, 28935¢p.i35.4 .@., N.S.W.;. V..,, S.A.,
N-E.
panzert, Swartz.
var. wmétricata, Lea, n. var.
EVANESCENS, Lea, n. sp. Q.
INSCRIPTA, Janson (2554); Froggatt, Aust. Insects, pl.
mevat.) He. 7.0 NWA.
MISKINI, Janson (2555). Q.
CuHLoRoBAPTA, Kraatz.
BESTI, Westw. (2573); Burm., Handb. der Ent., i11.,
p. 799; Froggatt, Aust. Insects, pl. xvii., fig. 8.
INES Wey
FRONTALIS, en (2574) OO NCS WV; SVAG WA.
var. cunningham, Gory et age
var. jansom, Olliff, Cist. Ent., A Pear
var. viridisignata, “Macl. (2578).
HIRTIPES, Lea. n. sp. N.S.W.
TIBIALIS, Lea, Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1911, p. 464,
pl» xvii ag. Abn.
tibialis, Moser, Deutsche Ent. Zeit., 1912, p. 566.
CLITHRIA, Burmeister.
EUCNEMIS, Burm. (2577); Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeit.,
XIX, Pe Ame Ol. aex x.) Peete.) Q:,
N.S.W., V.
var. alberse, Kraatz, U.c., mxix., p. (5; pl. 1.; figs.
land 2; wd. Polls xxx.; p: 298.
var. nigricollis, Kraatz, l.c., xxix., p. 74, xxx.,
p. 500; ved Lolliic:, p: 297.
$
(10) Deutsche Ent. Zeit., 1880, p. 182.
33.
34.
30.
36.
ST.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
138
FLAVOFASCIATA, Moser, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belge, 1908,
ps6 Res
NerocuitHeia, v. d. Poll.@)
EBURNEOGUTTATA, Blanch. (2576). Q.
mnecana, Macl. (2578); v. d. Poll, Deutsche Ent.
LCi KR. 198),
Porystiema, Kraatz.
CALOPYGA, Lea, n. sp.
ocTopuNcTaTA, Burm. (2565). Q.
ochracea, Westw. (2567).
PUNCTATA, Den. Qaco)\e wQe Naseer we
VITTICOLLE, Macl:, Proc. Linn. oSec:,, N-S9Woetoses
p. 993. N.W.A.
TRICHAULAX, Kraatz.
CONCINNA, Janson (2579). W.A.
MARGINIPENNIS, Macl. (2582). Q., N.S.W.
nortont, Butler.
PHILEP SI, sSCie, (2550) mee NOE oe yi nee
carinata, Don.
schrebersi, Thoms. (2592).
var. donovam, Thoms. (2580).
var. kirbyi, Thoms. (2581).
var. macleayi, Kraatz, Wien. Ent. Zeit., xiil., p-
255; Froggatt, Aust. Insects, pl. xvii., fig. 4.
TRICHOPYGA, Thoms. (2584). Q., N.S.W.
SCHIZORRHINA, Kirby.
This genus, to which at one time or another most of the
Australian Cetonides were referred,
tralian species when Masters’
contained seven Aus-
Catalogue was compiled; but
of these only the original one, atropunctata, can now remain
in it, the others being transferred as follows :—
masters: is a Pseudoclithria,
neva is a variety of Cacochroa decorticata,
nigrans 1s a variety of Pseudoclithria hirticeps,
pulchra is a Glycyphana,
schrebersi is a synonym of Trichaulax philipsi,
viridicuprea is a variety of Lenosoma fulgens.
43. aTRopuncTaATA, Kirby (2587); Kraatz, Deutsche Ent.
Zeit., 1880, p. 198. Q., N.S.W.
quadripunctata, Gory et Perch.
var. zmmaculata, Lea. n. var..
(11) Deutsche Ent. Zeit., xxx., p. 298.
139
LyrarHora, Kraatz (including Platedelosis).
The type of Lyraphora was given as obliquata; the
type of Platedelosis as bassu. The two supposed genera were
widely separated by Kraatz, the firstnamed being placed in
his first group having the ‘“‘mesosternal process narrow, greatly
elongated and acuminate’’; the other in his second group
having ‘‘mesosternal process wide, subdilated, apex acuminate
or rounded:’’ As a matter of fact, in the female of obliquata
the process (fig. 185) is much the same as in bassvw (fig. 186) ; in
the male it is somewhat narrower, but it is quite distinctly
wider than long, and to place the species in the first group
is absurd.
Both species have the clypeus of the same shape, club
of antennz sexually variable in size, scapule large and pro-
jected inwards between prothorax and elytra, abdomen of
male somewhat flattened along middle but not grooved, and
front tibiz of male armed at apex only. In the female of
obliquata the front tibie of the male are tridentate, in the
female of bassi they are bidentate; but this alone is not suffi-
‘clent to warrant their generic separation.
44. passi1, White (2585). Q., N.S.W.
45. oBLiquatTa, Westw. (2561); Kraatz, Deutsche Ent.
Zeit VSO) <p. 1902 oQ.y NUS. WwW.
gratiosa, Blanch. (2560).
ocellata, Macl. (2562).
46. VELUTINA, Macl. (2586); Lea, Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W.,
POL; yp.” 465.47 Q:
47. viTTIvaRiIA, Lea, n. sp. Q.
AsLacopus, Thoms. (including Anthracopharis ).
48. aTER, Schoch, Gen. et Spec. Cetonidensammlung,
Aurich VS95 ep V40:-* Q:
49. Ta&n1atus, Schoch, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., ix., p. 381;
Bint. Naciampexat fp. “E99: @.
-50. TRAPEZIFER, Thoms. (2564). Q., N.S.W.
Micropaciua, Kraatz.
-O1. cincra, Don. (2569); Froggatt, Proc. Linn. Soc.,
NESW. 5 1396s eo. N.S. W.,, Wede
circumcincta, De}.
fulvocincta, Blanch.
var. brewert, Janson (2568).
var. melancholica, Lea, n. var.
140
Cacocuroa, Kraatz (including A phanesthes and Camilla).
52. pEcorTICATA, Macl. (2557). Q.
var. assimilis, Macl. (2558).
var. neva, Gestro (2589).
53. GYMNOPLEURA, Fischer (2570); Lea, Proc. Linn. Soc.,
NSS ayelol th, p. 465>INES: We
var. concolor, Gory et Perch.
var. tenebricosa, De}.
var. rugicollis, Kraatz.
54. opscura, Blackb., Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1888,
[Oa SHOa" 9 IN[ Ae
55. PULLATA, Janson (2572). Q.
56. VARIABILIS, Macl. (2571). Q.
57. VARIICOLLIS, Lea, n. sp. Q.
DiapHonta, Newman (including Chondropyga, Dysdiatheta,
Dysectoda, Hemichnoodes, Melobastes, and Pocilocephata).
I have been unable to see the original reference “2) to this -
genus, but Burmeister 5) gives the typical species as the
common dorsalis. Kraatz (4) also quotes dorsalis as the
typical species. Kraatz and Thomson proposed many genera
at its expense, and the majority of these on such trivial char-
acters that they should not be maintained.
Chondropyga. Noted under D. gulosa.
Dysdiatheta. Noted under D. vicina.
Hemichnoodes. Noted under D. mmiszechi.
Melobastes. Noted under D. xanthopyga.
Pecilocephala. There is absolutely nothing in the
diagnosis of this genus by which it could be distinguished
from Diaphonia. The antennal club of succinea is certainly
smaller than in the males of dorsalis and some other species
of the genus, and is practically alike in both sexes; but this
also is the case with some other species of Diaphonia.
Dysectoda. Kraatz proposed this genus for dispar, and
doubtfully associated digglesi with it. But the latter is cer-
tainly congeneric with impar, which was made the type of
Tapinoschema by Thomson. As regards dispar, if this species
was really from Queensland, as noted in Masters’ Cata-
logue,“5) I probably have not seen it; but, if not, it. seems.
(12) Loudon’s Mag. of Nat. Hist., n. ser., iv., 1840, p. 366.
(13) Handb. der Ent., i1i., p. 586.
(14) Deutsche Ent. Zeit., 1880, p. 199.
(15) Burmeister, Kraatz, and Gemminger and Harold all give
New Holland as the locality.
14]
extremely probable that the species was the one subsequently
described as satelles. The short descriptions of the sexes, as
given by Burmeister, agree in every detail with many speci-
mens of that species, and if satelles is a synonym of dispar,
then the species is certainly congeneric with dorsalis. In any
case, the genus Dysectoda does not appear to be required.
Kraatz placed it in his first group of genera having the ‘‘meso-
sternal process narrow, greatly elongated and acuminate.’’
Digglest certainly has the mesosternal process obtusely
pointed, but it is neither narrow nor greatly elongated ; impar
has the process a little shorter and more rounded, but it cer-
tainly is congeneric with digglesi, and Kraatz left the former
in Diaphonia.
Micropecila. The tibie tridentate in both sexes and
longer than the tarsi are the only features in the generic
diagnosis that, in conjunction, seem divergent from
Diaphoma. The mesosternal process is obtusely pointed in
cincta, but then it is scarcely alike on any two species of
Diaphoma. It is certainly a very weak genus, but OEE eT
on the whole, may be allowed to remain.
Tapinoschema. Noted under genus. *
58. CAROLI, Lea, new name. Q.
wrencne. lea, a. pr., Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W.,
1911, p. 463. |
59. DEYROLLEI, Thoms. (2559). Australia.
60. pispaR, Newm. (2552); “6 Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeit.,
1880, p. 188. Australia.
penelope, Newm.
ulysses, Newm.
61. porsaLis, Don. (2594); Kraatz, l.c., p. 199; Froggatt,
Progg tims soc.) N.S.W., -189);,.p.,325. ),.Q.:
N.S.W.
hookeri, Swartz.
62. EUCLENSIS, Blackb., Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1893,
{ 248 SSA, OW AL
63. FRENCHI, Schoch, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. excep: 106.
Central Australia.
64. GuLosa, Janson (2609). V.
65. LATERALIS, Blackb., Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W.,- 1893,
p. 246. Q.
66. LUTEOLA, Janson (2595). W.A.
67. MELANOPYGA, Lea, n. sp. S.A.
68. MNISZECHII, Janson (2601). V., StA WA,
69. “ NEGLECTA, Thoms. (2556). W.A.
(16) Loudon’s Magazine, p. 366; not--Annals~ and ‘Magazine,
p. 336, as given-in: Masters’ Catalogue. :
(142
70. NiGRICEPS, Blanch. (2596). Australia.
~ 71. noraBitis, White (2611); Janson, Cist. Ent., ii,
p. 139,09 pl. i., fig. 6; Kraatz, Deutsche Ent.
Zeit., 1880, pp. 201 and 204. Australia.
72. OLLIFFIANA, Janson, Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1889,
p. 127; Froggatt, Aust. Insects, pl. xvii., fig. 10.
N.S.W.
73. PALMATA, Schaum. (2563). Q., N.S.W.
74. PaRRYI, Janson (2597); Blackb., Trans. Roy. Soc., $.A.,
LOM e220 SUA eae
seminigra, Kraatz (2598).
75. SATELLES, Blackb., Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1893;
1s AROS Sve.
76. succINEA, Hope (2602); Westwood, Trans. Ent. Soc.,
Me ond:; 1854, pr 74) pl avis Se Wee
77. suturata, Nonfr., Berl. Ent. Zeit., xxxvi., p. 370. Q.
78. vicina, Janson (2550). W.A.
79. wittE1, Schoch, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., x., p. 105.
| Nad.
80. xanTHopyea, Germ. (2599); Kraatz, Deutsche Ent.
Zeit., 1880, p. 200. S.A., W.A.
TAPINOSCHEMA, Thoms.
This genus was proposed by Thomson for Schizorrhina
ampar. By Kraatz that species was referred to Diaphonia.
It. certainly has but slight grounds for generic rank apart
from Diaphonia, but may be associated with Diaphona
digglest (Dysectoda of Kraatz) and Diaphoma lacunosa
(Metallesthes of Kraatz). These three species agree in having
a short robust form with coarse elytral punctures in numerous
irregular series. The head and mesosternal process are
similar, but the tibiz are somewhat variable. That they
belong to but one genus seems certain, and for the present,
at any rate, they may be left in Tapinoschema.
81. pIGGLEsI, Janson (2551). Q.
82. impaR, Macl. (2600). Q.
83. Lacunosa, Janson (2603). S.A., W.A.
Loryostoma, Schoch.
84. cHLororica, Schoch, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., x., p.
1062 Sw. AG me
METALLESTHES, Kraatz.
85. METALLESCENS, White (2605). S.A., W.A.
var. unicolor, Macl. (2608). ,
86. suBPILosa, Nonfr., Berl. Ent. Zeit., xxxvi., p. 369. Q.
(17) In error printed 391, and so quoted by Kraatz.
143
PsEUDOCLITHRIA, v. d. Poll.(8)
87. apusta, Janson, Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1899, p. 129.
Wi Ae)
88. ANCHORALIS, Lea,n. sp. S.A.
89. pEgEcTA, Lea, n. sp. W.A.
90. ERYTHROPTERA, Lea, n. sp. N.W.A.
91. Fossor, Lea. n. sp. W.A.
92. uirticers, Macl. (2610). Q.
bicostata, Kraatz, Deutsche Ent. Zeit., xxix., p. 75,
pl we fies 5 v.,d.ePolltc., xxx., p.'299.
var. nigrans, Macl. (2590).
93. KERSHAWI, Lea, n. sp. S.A.
94. masTERSI, Macl. (2588). Q.
95. mMauRA, Janson (2604). W.A.
96. RUFICORNIS, Westw. (2606). S.A., W.A.
97. RuGosA, Schaum. (2607); Janson, Proc. Linn. Soc.,
INES OW. 1889° sp. 130.1" WA:
Lenosoma, Macleay.
98. rascicuLaTuM, Macl. (2613). N.S.W.
99. ruLcENS, Macl. (2614). Q.
var. viridicupreum, Macl. (2593).
100. Tre1aLe, Macl. (2615). Q.
GuiycypHaNna, Burmeister.
101. BruNNIpES, Kirby (2616). Q., N.S.W.
conspersa, Gory et Perch.
obscura, Don.
viridiobscura, Dey. (Giese... pl sivaiiic., 5:
var. fasciata, Fabr.
var. perversa, Schaum.
var. stolatan Mabr.
102. ocHREONOTATA, Lea, n. sp. Q.
103. putcHRA, Macl. (2591). Q.
; subdepressa, Blackb., Proc. Linn.. Soc., N.S:W.,
$890; paddle
Pror#tia, Burmeister.
104. apvENA, Janson (2612). Q.
105. MANDARINEA, Weber, Obs. Ent., p. 68; Hockings and
Fitch, Trans. Ent. Soc., Lond., 1884, p. 157;
Blackb:, »Erecs inn. Soc:, .N.S.W Galsss, p-
ae @.
(18) Deutsche Ent. Zeit., xxx., p. 299.
(19) Trans. Ent. Soc., N. S. W., 1., p. 18; Kraatz, Deutsche Ent.
Zeit., 1880, p. 212.
144 -
Microvaueus, Kraatz.
106. apicaLis, Lea, n. sp. N.S.W.
107. BURSARIA, Qleatinmesp. NUS: Way Wot
108. CASTANEIPENNIS, Macl. (2617). Q., N.S.W.
109. puBius, Lea, n. sp. V.
110. FascicuLatTus, Lea, n. sp. N.S.W.
111. GuaBer, Lea, n. sp. N.S.W.
112. LaPpEyROUSEI, G. et P. (2618); Blackb., Proc. Linn.
Soc., N.S.W., 1892, p. 114. Australia.
113. mucronatus, Lea, n. sp. Q.
114. nigRicEPS, Lea, n. sp. Q.
115. nreRinus, Macl. (2619). Q., N.S.W., V.
116. QUINQUEDENTATUS, Lea, n. sp. :
117. RUFIPENNIS, Lea, n. sp. N.S.W., V. —
118. scuTELLARIS, Blackb., Trans. Roy Soc., §.A., 1894, p.
206. N.S.W.
119. sQUAMIVENTRIS, Lea, n. sp. N.S.W., V.
120. vaeans, Lea, n. sp. Q., N.S.W.
var. obscuripennis, Lea, n. var.
121. YILGARNENSIS, Blackb., Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1892,
p.s 11429 Wade
LOMAPTERA YORKIANA, Janson.
Ischiopsopha bourkei, Blackb.
Pl. xiii., figs. 159, 160.
This species is a common one about Cairns and elsewhere
in Northern Queensland, and may be readily distinguished
from the other Australian green species by two characters in
combination, v2z. :-—
1. A strong transverse ridge (almost a carina) across the
pygidium.
2. Elytra with transverse strigz on the sides from near
the middle to near the apex, then directed across, by way of
the preapical callosities, to near the suture; but the apical
slopes and the discs entirely without strige.
The teeth of the front tibie are somewhat variable, the
hind one being sometimes very feeble. The black tubercle
on the shoulder, mentioned by Janson, appears to be due
more to handling of the specimens than to any other cause,
and on good specimens the black is either altogether absent
or is just traceable. An occasional specimen in certain lights
appears almost purplish, or something like shot-silk. The
male is rather narrower than the female, and has the four
145
median segments of abdomen conspicuously impressed along
the middle.
There are in the South Australian Museum the type
female and a co-type male of bourkez,(2) and these agree per-
fectly with Janson’s description of yorkiana; the latter name
has precedence.
LoOMAPTERA PYGMHA, Kraatz.
A few years ago Mr. Hacker took numerous specimens of
a small species of Lomaptera at the Coen River. Some of
these were compared and agreed with specimens in the Macleay
Museum from New Guinea, standing under the name of
pygmea. Recently Mr. W. D. Dodd took six specimens of
the species at the Coen River, and these agree with the original
description, except that the size is smaller (155-19 mm. as
against 19-21 mm.) and that the entire legs, instead of appar-
ently the femora only, are of metallic-red.
In general appearance it is like pulchripes, except that
it is smaller and more metallic, but the clypeus is more deeply
cleft and the scutellar lobe is rounded at the tip, concealing
the scutellum.
LOMAPTERA WALLISIANA, Thoms.
This species was originally recorded as from Wallis
Island, but Wallace records it from Cape York from a speci-
men in Major Parry’s collection. Janson compared it with
yorkiana, from which he stated it differs in the prothorax
regularly rounded at the sides from the base.
I have seen several species labelled as wallsiana and
wallisiana, but they usually belonged to yorkiana.
LOMAPTERA PULCHRIPES, Thoms.
A common insect in Northern Queensland, although in
Masters’ Catalogue only recorded from Fitzroy Island.
The male has a rather wide depression along the middle
of the second and third abdominal segments, but traceable
on to the preceding and following ones. A male in the
National Museum is larger (25 mm.) and rather broader than
usual, and has the pygidium of a beautiful golden-red.
Another male in the National Museum (from the Endeavour
River) is of a most beautiful golden-green, both above
and below, with the legs and pygidium of a beautiful purplish-
bronze. Each of its front tibie has the two terminal teeth
of normal length, but the following one (in the middle of the
outer edge) is greatly reduced in size, appearing little more
than a slight swelling.
(20) It 1s from these that the figures of the tibize were drawn.
146
LOMAPTERA DUBOULAYI, Thoms.
ava nti. 19:
In this species the prothorax and elytra usually have a
complete flavous border, narrower at apex of prothorax,
and wider at apex of elytra than elsewhere. Frequently near
the apex of prothorax a small spot extends inwards on each
side, and occasionally a vague spot may be traced on each
shoulder.
In the National Museum there are two females, from
Cape York and Endeavour River, that have no flavous border
to the prothorax. The elytra also at first appear to be
without such a border, but on a close examination the sides
are seen to be obscurely diluted with red.
LOMAPTERA CINNAMOMEA, Thoms.
BY yallay cise a0 adele
This species varies from a form with the prothorax
immaculate to one with a wide M in the middle of same,
but the common form has three disconnected spots, of which
the middle one is longer than the others (as on the type).
Sometimes there is also a vague spot towards each side at the
apical third.
The female differs from the male in being wider, elytra
less narrowed posteriorly, pygidium more pointed, abdomen
evenly convex along middle, and front tibiz with an obtuse
tooth near apex, in addition to the terminal tooth.
LOMAPTERA DEYROLLEI, Thoms.
This species was described as being entirely of a clear
olivaceous-green; but Schoch, in redescribing it, says it
resembles lucovoraz \21) in the blackened anterior edging of
the elytra, and, again, ‘‘elytra darker and duller-green with
blackened anterior edge, but not so wide and intense as in
lucivoraz.’’'22) Thomson did not mention the tibial dentition,
but Schoch described the front tibiz of the male as bidentate.
The shape of the pygidium was mentioned by neither.
It appears possible that Thomson really had two species
before him. At the time he described deyrolle:, he men-
tioned having four specimens,:and quite possibly the type
belonged to australis, and the specimen described by Schoch
to a form of yorkiana with elytra darker at the base than
usual.
Thomson described the elytra as ‘“‘basi levia deinde
punctato-striolata, striolis transversis,’’ characters which
(21) A Papuan species.
(22) Translation by Mr. F. R. Zietz.
147
would appear to exclude it from yorkiana, but which agree
with australis, as, in fact, does the whole of his description.
On the other hand, Schoch described the elytra as being trans-
versely scratched at the sides and posteriorly, and the anterior
tibiz of the male as bidentate, characters which exclude it from
australis, but render it probable that the specimen he
described really belongs to yorkiana.
There is, of course, the possibility that the type of
deyrolle: really belongs to neither australis nor yorkiana; but
the quoted extracts render it quite evident that the specimens
described as deyrollet by Thomson and oe belong to two
distinct species.
LOMAPTERA AUSTRALIS, Wallace.
Ply sont ties 161, 162.
The description of this species, of which only the male
was known to Wallace, is rather short and somewhat unsatis-
factory. I have seen the name attached to several green
species, but am fairly confident that five males (from Cape
York, Coen River, Cairns, and Darnley Island) and a female
(from the Coen River) belong to the species.'23) These speci-
mens are much the same in size and colour as yorkiana, but
differ in having the pygidium subconical, instead of trans-
versely keeled, and the elytra with transverse scratches over
most of their surface only, agreeing well with ‘‘elytra finely
transversely striate, the base smooth.’’ They range in length
from 114-133 lines (the types were 13-15 lines). The front
tibiz were described as ‘‘inermibus,’’ and, again, as having
the “‘outer edge quite smooth.’’ But probably the apical
tooth was regarded as a spur.
The female differs from the male in having the elytra
less narrowed posteriorly, the pygidium compressed on each
side (so that it appears almost keeled longitudinally), abdomen
strongly convex along middle, and front tibie obtusely
dentate near apex.
The species appears to be the same as the one subsequently
named prasina, from Aru, and still later as wnitatriz, from
Darnley Island; the latter has already been noted as a
synonym of the former.
LOMAPTERA HACKERI, Lea.
Plo vais fie: 14:
In a long series of this species recently taken at the
Coen River by Mr. W. D. Dodd, about one-fourth of the
(23) Mr. W. D. Dodd has recently taken it in abundance at the
Coen River.
148
specimens have the elytra entirely dark, and in many others
the red markings are just traceable.
LOMAPTERA MACROSTICTA, Lea,
Pi vii), fos! 12) 93.
Twelve specimens recently taken by Mr. W. D. Dodd
at the Coen River all have the large spot entire, as in fig. 13,
but I have seen several resembling fig. 12.
LOMAPTERA ACANTHOPYGA, Nl. Sp.
Pl. vi., fig. 1.
@. Metallic coppery-green, portion of clypeus, lateral
and basal margins of prothorax (narrowly), about cne-third
of elytra at apex, pygidium, tibie, tarsi, antenne, and palpi
more or less castaneous, with a faint greenish gloss.
Head with small, scattered punctures, becoming denser
on clypeus ; the latter deeply cleft. Prothorazx feebly decreas-
ing in width from base to beyond the middle, and then strongly
narrowed to apex; disc with small, scattered punctures,
becoming denser towards and strigose on sides; scutellar lobe
somewhat obtuse at tip, just leaving the tip of scutellum
exposed. Hlytra not much wider than prothorax, post-
humeral incurvature rather strong, sides diminishing in width
to apex; rather densely transversely strigose, except at basal
fourth, where there are a few small punctures only. Pygidiwm
acutely produced in middle, longitudinally foveate on each
side of base, densely concentrically strigose. Front tibie
sinuous on external edge, the apex strongly dentate. Length,
22 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Johnstone River. Type in C.
French’s collection.
Readily distinguished from all previously described Aus-
tralian species by the partly castaneous elytra and appendages
and acutely pointed pygidium. Its nearest Australian ally
is duboulayi, but the pygidium is very different to that of the
female of that species. The two shades of colour on the
elytra gradually merge into each other.
HEMIPHARIS INSULARIS, Gory et Perch.
Described originally as from Melville Island, but a com-
mon species in the Northern Territory and Queensland.
Specimens vary in size from 17 to 26 mm.,(@4) and in colour
(24) The only specimen I have ever seen less than 20 mm. is
ne 17 mm., and is in the National Museum from the Endeavour
iver. . ay
149
from olivaceous-green to bright golden-green. In the Black-
burn collection there were two specimens from North-West.
Australia placed as belonging to the species without comment,
and they agree with the description of speciosa, which ap-
pears to be simply a variety. All the rather numerous speci-
mens that I have seen from North-West Australia have a
brighter colour than those from the other parts of Australia.
Numerous specimens from Tennant Creek (taken by Mr. J.
F. Field) are intermediate in appearance. /roggatt: appears:
to have been described from a male of speciosa. The form
described as olivacea is quite the common Northern Territory
form of the species.
A specimen from Darwin has the elytra (except the
suture, which is green) and abdomen of a distinct bluish-
purple, strongly at variance in colour with all the other
specimens that are before me. A second specimen, however,
has the elytra slightly tinged with purple, although when
viewed from behind the purple tinge is more evident. The
punctures and lateral scratches vary to a certain extent. The
male is considerably narrower than the female, consequently
more strongly convex, and its pygidium is much less trans-
verse, with its lower edge slightly more produced.
DILOCHROSIS BROUNI, Kirby.
Pl, wit.; figs. 15; 16,, 17.
This species should never have been generically separated
from Dilochrosis atripennis, and to make it the type of a new
genus (Pheopharis) largely on account of colours (even using
a prothoracic spot that is not always present) is reducing
generic distinctions to an absurdity. Only that Australian
species have been catalogued in accordance with Kraatz’s.
ideas, it would be better to regard his treatise as non-existent.
The prothoracic spot, when present, is generally fairly
large, but I have never seen it of exactly the same shape on
any two specimens. Sometimes it is split up into two, some-
times it is represented by two small vague spots, and not in-
frequently it is entirely absent. Generally there are two or
three small lateral spots slightly in advance of the middle.
A female in the National Museum, evidently belonging
to this species, is of a very dark brown, so dark that the black
markings are very ill-defined. It is covered all over (except
on the black parts) with minute granular elevations, giving
the surface an appearance as if covered with very fine dew.
To the naked eye the granules are not distinct, but, when
present, they cause the surface to appear less polished than
the other parts. This curious appearance was probably due
150 -
to the specimen having been in some way injured before
maturity. In all other structural details it agrees absolutely
with normal females.
DILOCHROSIS ATRIPENNIS, Macl.
var. castanea, Janson.
The typical form of this species has the elytra of a very
dark-brown, almost black; but the species varies to a form
in which the only dark parts are some faint infuscations at
the base of prothorax and elytra, and a vague spot on each
side of the former. The commonest form is one in which
the head and scutellum are blackish, and there is a
distinct spot on each shoulder. This form has been named
castanea. (25)
Mr. Janson stated that castanea could be distinguished
from atripennis by “‘the four posterior tibize of the female
being armed externally with an acute tooth in the middle.”’
But all the females of atrzpennis now before me are so armed,
and the males have these tibize unarmed in the middle. The
Species varies from 30 to 40 mm. in length, and is widely
distributed in the tropical parts of Australia, although
apparently nowhere common.
DILOCHROSIS TORRIDA, Janson.
There are before me two specimens from Western Aus-
tralia (Beverley and King Sound) that I have long had under
the name of torrida. They are entirely castaneous on the
upper-surface, with the exception of a slight infuscation at
the base of the prothorax and the elytral suture. The upper-
surface has not the high polish that is usual in Delochrosis ;
but there are many other specimens of the subfamily in which
the degree of polish varies very considerably, and is probably
due to a certain extent to immersion in spirits or other
liquids, or to other causes. These specimens have the four
hind tibiz each armed at the middle with a sharp spine, and
as the abdomen is evenly convex along the middle they are
certainly females. But the type was described as having the
four hind tibie simple externally and the sign “‘Q”’ was used
for it; possibly, however, in error. The two specimens under
examination vary somewhat in comparative widths, in the
colour of the under-surface and punctures of the abdomen,
but I believe them to represent an extreme form of aétrz-
pennis, and think it probable that the name torrida should
be regarded as a varietal one.
(25) Reference to the figure of castanea (Cist. Ent., i., pl. vi.,
fig. 1) was omitted from Masters’ Catalogue.
151
DILOCHROSIS BALTEATA, Vollenh.
Pl. xii., fig. 115.
Fair numbers of this handsome insect have recently beem
taken from Cairns to the Coen River, in North Queensland.
DILOCHROSIS BAKEWELLI, White.
Pl. vii., fig. 18.
This species, a very rare one in collections, extends from
Melbourne to Brisbane.
DILOCHROSIS SUBFOVEATA, Thoms.
The description of this insect is a rather curious one, as
the head and prothorax are described as being ‘‘subsurdus’’
(somewhat deaf), and the elytra as being ‘‘foveis 4 vagis
ornata,’’ apparently spots being meant, as in comparing the
species with brownz “‘quatre taches noires’’ are mentioned.
DILOCHROSIS FRENCHI, Blackb.
The type of this species is in the National Museum, and
by the courtesy of Mr. Kershaw I have been able to examine
it. It is certainly a male, as presumed by the late Rev. T.
Blackburn. On its eyltra across the middle there is a dis-
tinct depression, and there is a less distinct one a short dis-
tance behind the middle. These depressions were not men-
tioned in the original description, and may have been con-
sidered accidental, but they are alike on four other specimens.
under examination.
The female differs from the male in having the sides of
the clypeus rounded instead of parallel-sided, and less turned
up at the apex; the elytra less narrowed posteriorly ; abdomen
evenly convex along middle; front tibiz strongly and acutely.
tridentate, and the other tibie each with an acute median
tooth. In the female the apex of the clypeus is very feebly
incuryed to the middle, and in the male it is straight. All
other species of the genus have the clypeus deeply cleft.
Specimens have been taken on tops of tall trees at
Kuranda on several occasions by the sons of Mr. F. P. Dodd.
DILOCHROSIS RUFOLATERA, 0. Sp.
PEs) fie. 2.
@. Black, shining, sides of prothorax of a deep-red.
Head with fairly dense and rather small punctures, and
much denser minute ones. Clypeus with punctures as on
head, widely depressed towards apex, the sides not separately
elevated, apex moderately notched, with the tips rounded,
sides rounded. Prothorax with sides narrowly margined,
152
median sinus deep, about two-thirds the width of each of the
lateral ones; with dense and very minute punctures, and
with fairly numerous large ones, but still small, becoming
larger towards the sides. Scutellum with very minute punc-
tures, and with a vague median depression. SHlytra not
much wider than prothorax, post-humeral incurvature feeble,
apex bimucronate; with distinct rows of small punctures in
feeble striz; the interstices with minute scattered punctures ;
apex and sides near apex transversely or obliquely strigose.
Pygidium obtusely ridged transversely, densely concentrically
strigose. Ifesosternal process produced to between front
cox, with the apex almost equilaterally triangular. Front
tibuce obtusely tridentate, the median tooth nearer the apical
than the subbasal one, the other tibize each acutely dentate
about the middle. Length, 37 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns district (A. M. Lea). Type,
I. 1484, in South Australian Museum.
Allied to bakewelli, but differs from female of that species
in being somewhat narrower, with the elytra and pygidium
entirely black, the former with more conspicuous rows of
punctures and apex less acutely bimucronate, prothorax with
a much smaller portion of the sides red (the red much the
colour of the elytral fascia of balteata), and front tibiz more
obtusely tridentate. The greatest width of the red margins
is slightly in advance of the middle, where it is almost the
width of the scutellum, but it is narrowed to apex, and does
not quite extend to the base. The hind coxe are vaguely
diluted with red. The type was obtained floating on a tub
of water at Malanda.
DILOCHROSIS WALTERI, 0. sp.
Le Nie EI ASS TONE atte enateay chY).
3. Flavous, shining; sides of base of head, tips of
‘clypeus, prothorax narrowly at base and narrowly at middle
of apex, two longitudinal vitte, elytra at sides of scutellum,
suture, a spot on the shoulder, and an elongated one near
the apex of each elytron, most of the sutures of under-surface,
knees, tibial spurs, and teeth, and the tarsi black or blackish ;
antennz and palpi more or less reddish.
Head with rather dense, small punctures, except on a
transverse shining line near base. Clypeus with somewhat
coarser punctures than on head; apex deeply notched, with
the tips acute, with a sublateral ridge from base to apex.
Prothorax with sides narrowly margined; median sinus
rather shallow, but little more than half the width of each
of the outer ones; with dense, minute punctures and fairly
numerous larger (but still small) ones. Scutellum with rather
153
dense punctures about base and small elsewhere. Elytra
very little wider than prothorax, post-humeral incurvature:
feeble, sides feebly decreasing in width to apex, suture nar-
rowly elevated posteriorly and bimucronate at apex; with
somewhat irregular rows of small punctures; the interstices
with smaller scattered ones. Pygidiwm obtusely pointed in
middle, rather densely concentrically strigose. Jfesosternal
process produced to between front coxe, apex somewhat
depressed, sides gently incurved. Abdomen with a wide and
rather shallow median depression. Front ftibie rather
strongly tridentate, subbasal tooth the smallest, hind ones
acutely dentate in middle, the middle pair unarmed in
middle. Length (3,9 ), 25-31 mm.
@. Differs in being stouter and somewhat wider,
pygidium more transverse, abdomen evenly convex and legs:
shorter, with the front tibie more strongly tridentate, and
the middle pair as well as the hind ones armed in the middle.
Hab.—North-West Australia. Fortescue River, near
Hammersley Range (Walter D. Dodd). Type, I. 1495, in
South Australian Museum. :
Very distinct from all previously described species. In
its spotted elytra it apparently resembles swbfoveata, but.
that species is described as having the head and scutellum
black, and prothorax with a single narrow fascia. The pro-
thoracic vittze are sometimes feebly interrupted in the middle,
and may extend to the base or may not touch it. There are
generally two infuscate spots on the clypeus, and there is:
occasionally one on the pygidium.
P@CILOPHARIS EMILIA, White.
This species was described originally as from the New
Hebrides and as a Schizorrhina, but it seems to be fairly
common about Cairns and elsewhere in Northern Queensland.
The markings on the elytra are subject to considerable:
variation. The scutellum may be entirely yellowish, or with
a median line occupying half or more of the surface. The-
pygidium may have two or four spots.
EUPGCILA AUSTRALASIZ, Don.
Pl, var, fies: 20, 21.
This species is abundant in many of the coastal districts
of New South Wales and Queensland,(25) but is rare in Vic-
toria, South Australia, and the Northern Territory. When
specimens are alive their markings are of a vivid green, but
after being placed in alcohol these become yellow or
(26) Queensland specimens are usually smaller than those from.
New South Wales.
154
greenish-yellow. Even if killed in other ways the green
usually changes, unless the internal parts are quickly
removed. The species is commonly called the ‘‘Horseshoe
Beetle’’ or ‘‘Fiddler Beetle,’’ on account of the markings.
These are singularly constant; slight variations of detail as
regards the vitte occur, but I have seen no specimens of the
species that could not be confidently identified at a glance.
But the only specimen that I have seen from the Northern
Territory has the median prothoracic vitta reduced to a small
indistinct spot, and the transverse basal mark to two small
disconnected spots.
On the female there is an angular black spot in the
middle of the pygidium, connected with the base by a short
black line. On the male there are two spots connected with
the lower edge of the pygidium; but separated internally,
with a median black vitta extending from the base to about
the middle.
; var: intricata; nN. var.
Pl. vii., fig. 22.
A female in Mr. French’s collection, from North Queens-
land, is labelled ‘‘Schiz. panzert, Swartz, or sp. nov.,’’ in
the late Rev. T. Blackburn’s writing. This was, no doubt,
a guess on his part, as he had not seen the description of
panzert. In Masters’ Catalogue panzerz is given as a synonym
of australasie, and the description, except for the base of the
prothorax, agrees quite well with ordinary specimens of the
‘species, whose markings have faded from green to flavous.
Of the basal markings Swartz says “‘‘ante basin linea trans-
versa sinuata flava (subinde interrupta)’’; whereas on normal
specimens the basal marking is usually continuous and con-
nects with the lateral ones.
On Mr. French’s specimen, however, there is a discon-
nected curved mark on each side of the base, and on each
elytron there is a narrow vitta on each side of the suture,
commencing just before the tip of the scutellum, and ter-
minating some distance before the postmedian fascia. In all
structural details, however, it agrees with normal females, so
it does not appear desirable to give it more than a varietal
name.
EUPG@CILA EVANESCENS, Nn. sp.
Pl. vi., fig. 4; pl. xiii., fig. 183.
Q@. Black; pale markings as follows:—Clypeus (except
for the tips and a short line connected with each of same) ;
sides (the extreme outer base black) and apex (but not the
extreme apex) of prothorax (but with a small dark spot on
each side) ; a median line on scutellum; a curved line on each
elytron from the base to basal third, a small spot half-way
155
from near apex of same and suture, an interrupted post-
median fascia (or transverse row of spots); a large transverse
spot on each side of pygidium, and the tip of same; a fascia
across each abdominal segment (on the second and third
interrupted in middle) except the apical one, which has a
small spot on each side; metasternum except the middle and
sutures, parts of meso- and of prosternum; parts of front and
of hind cox, lower edge of femora, upper edge of the hind
pair, and a subapical spot on the upper edge of each of the
others.
Head with rather small irregularly distributed punc-
tures. Clypeus rather strongly notched in front, tips and
sides rounded; punctures rather denser and coarser than on
head. Club somewhat shorter than clypeus. Prothorax
with the margins lightly sinuous and rather strongly decreas-
ing in width from base to apex ; medio-basal sinus fairly deep,
about half the width of each of the others; sides and apex
with a few small punctures, elsewhere almost impunctate.
Scutellum with a few small punctures. Hlytra not much
wider than prothorax, but shoulders rather strongly bent
downwards, posthumeral incurvature strong, suture raised
posteriorly but flat near base, with a few small scattered
punctures, but some fairly coarse ones on the margins near
apex. Pygidiwm strongly transverse, transversely or obliquely
strigose. Mesosternal process strongly produced and acute.
Front tibce@ strongly tridentate, the hind ones with a sub-
median transverse ridge. Length, 21 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Bowen. Type in National Museum
from F. H. duBoulay.
Rather larger than the female of australasie, prothorax
without median and basal markings, elytra without apical
markings, the postmedian fascia and the basal vitte different,
the mesosternal process longer and more acute, and the tibiz-
somewhat different. The pale markings of the type are now
of a rather dingy-flavous, but in places with remnants of
green; on the living specimen, however, they were probably
of a bright-green.
EUP@CILA MISKINI, Janson.
Janson’s figure (27 of this species shows an insect some-
what like australasie, but with markings certainly different.
The elytral markings approach those of Chlorobapta besti
and tibialis, but as the mesosternal process 1s described as:
“long, pointed, and slightly incurved at its apex,’’ it is quite:
certainly not a Chlorobapta.
(27) Cist. Ent., ii., pl. i., fig. 5 (not 4, as quoted in Masters’
Catalogue).
156
EUPG@CILA INSCRIPTA, Janson.
Pitwia.. figs, 23 and) 24!
Living specimens of this species are of a beautiful pale-
green colour, but after immersion in alcohol the green changes
to yellowish-green (as the type was described to be), and
finally to brownish-yellow. The markings are variable, but
the reversed W (28) on the prothorax appears to be always
‘conspicuous. The pygidium usually has three black spots on
the male, but sometimes the median one is absent. On the
female only the median spot is present.
CHLOROBAPTA FRONTALIS, Don.
Pl. viii., figs: 29 to 40.
This common and widely distributed species is the most
variable of all the Australian Cetonides. In length it ranges
from 17 to 26 mm. The markings are indifferently green,
greenish-yellow, or yellow, but probably on living specimens
they are nearly always green. Many specimens have mark-
ings somewhat like those of Hupecila australasie, but that
‘species has the mesosternal process acute.
The description of viridisignata would indicate that it is
‘quite an ordinary variety of the species. It is true that
Macleay made no mention of prothoracic markings, but these
are often so small and obscure that they could be easily over-
looked.
The form described as jansont appears to represent
almost, but not quite, the extreme end on the dark side. A
‘specimen, labelled by the late Rev. T. Blackburn as jansoni,
agrees well with the description, except that it has no spots
on the pygidium; but these are frequently absent, even on
‘Specimens with quite extended markings. The spots were
described as bright-yellow, and they are bright-yellow on the
specimen under examination. There are two specimens of
this variety in the National Museum, also without spots on
the pygidium. One has been in Mr. French’s collection, and
is labelled as from the Salt River in the late Mr. A. S. Olliff’s
writing.
The pale markings attain their maximum on a specimen
(fig. 30) in the National Museum, on whose right elytron all
are connected, with the exception of the posthumeral spot.
‘On the variety jansoni (fig. 40) all the markings on the upper-
‘surface have disappeared, with the exception of a small spot
on each elytron. And on two specimens before me the upper-
‘surface is entirely dark; one of these was labelled as frontalis
(28) In North-Western Australia the species is QED)
referred to as the W-beetle.
157
by the late Rev. T. Blackburn. Not all the varieties before
me are here figured; indeed, to do this would mean that
almost every specimen would have to be done, but the
selection given sufficiently indicates the great variability of
the species. The markings are sometimes different on the
different sides of an individual. The markings on the head,
pygidium, under-surface, and legs are also extremely variable.
The markings on the female are usually less in area than on
the male, and her head, scutellum, pygidium, and abdomen
are not uncommonly entirely black.
CHLOROBAPTA BESTI, Westw.
Pl. ix., figs. 52 and 53.
A species apparently confined to Victoria and _ the
southern parts of New South Wales. The markings are some-
times almost identical with those of tzbzalis, but the hind
tibiz of the male are utterly different to those of that species.
CHLOROBAPTA TIBIALIS, Lea.
tibialis, Moser.
This species was described by myself in 1911. In the
following year it was described under the same name by Herr
J. Moser.
The female differs from the male in being somewhat
stouter, less of the head and under-surface green, each of the
spots on the pygidium without a median black spot, abdomen
evenly convex along middle, front tibia more acutely
tridentate, middle tibie thinner, with an acute median tooth,
claws of middle tarsi of even size and shape, hind tibie
thinner, much less hairy, not dentate on lower-surface, but
with an acute median outer tooth, and apex acutely dentate
and bispinose.
The female is rather wider than the female of bestz, the
prothorax more transverse with somewhat smaller punctures,
the markings of a much brighter shade of green, and the
mesosternal process considerably larger.
&
CHLOROBAPTA HIRTIPES, Nn. sp.
Pi: V1., fig: 5.
3d. Black, with dark-green markings. Under-surface
in parts with moderately long hair; hind tibie with a con-
spicuous fringe of long black hair on one side, and on the
other a fascicle at base and another at apex. —
Head constricted behind eyes, with dense and fairly
coarse punctures between eyes, becoming smaller on neck.
Clypeus about as long as wide, a depression towards each
158
side, the sides themselves and the apex somewhat raised and
thickened, apex feebly incurved to middle; punctures sparser
than between eyes. Club as long as clypeus is wide. Pro-
thorax not much wider than long, basal half almost parallel-
sided, thence oblique to apex; medio-basal sinus fairly deep,
about two-thirds the width of each of the others; with small
scattered punctures, becoming larger on sides. Scwtellum
with a few punctures about base. Hlytra considerably wider
than prothorax, posthumeral incurvature strong, sutural stria.
deep; each elytron with four irregular rows of punctures and
some irregular ones on sides, the second and third rows within
a shallow depression. Pygidium very obtusely pointed,
rather lightly concentrically strigose. Abdomen feebly
depressed along middle. Front tzbie tridentate; middle ones
stout, apex bidentate and unispinose; hind ones stout, some-
what curved, apex produced on one side, but neither dentate
nor spinose, claws of middle tarsi of unequal shapes. Length,.
24 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Richmond River. Type in
National Museum from F. H. duBoulay.
Allied to trbzalis and bestz, and with middle tarsi much
as in those species, but readily distinguished by the apex of
the hind tibiz. In the male of besti, as also of frontalis, the
hind tibia is scarcely continued beyond the insertion of the
tarsus, and is armed with two strong spurs; in tzbialis there
are no spurs, but the apex is much more acutely produced,
near the base also the tibia is much stouter and is strongly
armed. In the present species there are no spurs at the in-
sertion of the tarsus, but the apex is continued as a flange
beyond the same; from some directions it appears as if the
tibia had been split down the middle to the tarsus, and then
one-half snapped off. With the tarsus continuing the line
of the tibia, however, this appearance would be partially
concealed. The mesosternal process is not quite as obtuse at
the apex as in best: or tibzalis, but much less sharp than in
EBupecila australasie. On the type there is a fairly wide
green space across the base of the clypeus; the greater por-
tion of the elytra is green, with the suture and sides, a
dilated portion of the sutural marking close to the scutellum,
a postmedian quadrangular space attached to the suture, an
irregular preapical fascia, and the shoulders black; the
pygidium is green with a spot on each side, the apex and a
median line black, the lateral edges of the hind coxe and
part of the sides of the mesosternum are green; as is also a:
line across the penultimate segment of abdomen. The pro-
thorax is entirely black, except for a small, vague, transverse,
reddish spot, in each hind angle.
159
The males of Chlorobapta may be thus tabulated :—
Hind tibiz bispinose at apex.
Claws of middle tarsi alike in shape ..._ frontalis
Claws of middle tarsi not alike in shape best
Hind tibize produced but not bispinose
at apex.
Hind tibie stout and strongly dentate =
near base . ... trbralis
Hind tibiw not dentate near base... hirtipes
CLITHRIA EUCNEMIS, Burm.
Pl. viii., figs. 41 to 48; pl. ix., figs. 49, 50, 51; pl. xiii.,
figs. 148, 149, 150, 158.
var. albersi, Kraatz.
var. nigricollis, Kraatz.
This species is very variable both sexually and individu-
ally ; and Victorian specimens, as a rule, are larger than those
from Queensland.
The male has very peculiar hind legs (fig. 158), utterly
different to those of any other Australian Cetonid. His front
tarsi also have a fringe of long and curious hairs, but it is
much more pronounced on some specimens than on others.
The hind tibie have a tooth at the base, but it varies con-
siderably in size and acuteness. The clothing of the upper-
surface is also denser on the male than on the female. One
female has the upper-surface almost glabrous, but this may
be due to abrasion.
The prothorax of the type had two black vitte, and several
such specimens are before me, in others the vittze are con-
joined, and on others the pale markings are represented by
small, pale, isolated spots. On the elytra there are usually
six black spots, usually connected with the suture, which itself
is black; there is also a spot on each shoulder, but these are
sometimes conjoined to the subbasal ones. The pygidium is
dark on each side, and sometimes along part of the middle
as well.
The female is usually larger than the male and frequently
has the prothorax entirely black, but. that segment is also
sometimes bivittate, or with disconnected pale spots. The
scutellum is sometimes entirely black, but often has a pale
spot. The elytral spots are usually considerably larger than
on the male, and are sometimes so extended that they cover
much more of the surface than the pale portions; these, on
one Victorian specimen, consisting of four disconnected spots
only. The pygidium sometimes is entirely black, or varies
as in the male.
160
The type of albers: (from North Australia) was described
as having the humeral and median spots smaller than the
others. This is occasionally the case, but usually the median
spot is the largest of all. In the figure it is also shown as
isolated. This is also sometimes the case with the typical
form, but it is usually joined to the suture. The pygidium was
described as brown with the sides testaceous, but in the figures
of both sexes the pygidium is shown as being dark in the
middle, and on each side of same pale, with outer parts again
dark. I cannot regard it as more than a variety of ewenemis.
Nigricollis was described as a variety, but evidently from
a common form of the female of ewcenemis. No locality for
it was given. |
Burmeister (29) stated that Schizorrhina obliquata, Westw.,
was the female of euwenems; but in this he was in error.
NEOCLITHRIA EBURNEOGUTTATA, Blanch.
encana, Macl.
. PI aes stron aii,
A damaged female from Dalby has spots somewhat darker
than as described, but in the correct positions. This specimen
agrees well with Macleay’s description of Cetonia incana, ex-
cept that it is slightly smaller.
POLYSTIGMA OCTOPUNCTATA, Burm.
ochracea, Westw.
Pl. vii., figs. 25 to 28.
This species has a small black spot on each side of the
prothorax, but on the elytra the markings are somewhat
variable. There is, however, always present on each elytron
a transverse spot just beyond the middle, and a rounded one
close to apex ; adjoining the scutellum there is a narrow streak
sometimes appearing to be part of the scutellum itself; close
to this there is usually a small oval spot, occasionally con-
nected with the black streak, but occasionally absent alto-
gether. The shoulders are usually immaculate, but some-
times there are two (or one) minute blackish spots on each;
on one specimen before me (fig. 26) there are two spots on
the right shoulder, and none on the left. On the pygidium
there is always a conspicuous black spot. On the abdomen
and sterna the black or infuscate parts are also variable.
Burmeister recorded the name octopunctata as a manu-
script one of Hope’s. Westwood in describing ochracea said,
“Whether this be a variety of octopunctata, Hope, M.S., I
have not at present means of clearly determining ; it seems,
(29) Handbuch der Entomologie, iii., p. 799.
¢
161
however, to agree in general with Burmeister’s short descrip- .
tion, except in the maculation of the prothorax and elytra.”’
Burmeister, however, described the prothorax as having a
black spot on each side, so that practically the only difference
in the markings of the types of ochracea and octopwnctata
was on the shoulders, and as noted above these are very
variable. Although Burmeister in the Latin portion of his
description mentioned but eight spots, in the German portion
he mentioned eleven (including the one on the pygidium).
He referred the species to Hupecila and Kraatz transferred
it to Polystigma. Ochracea was referred to Schizorrhina and
transferred by Thomson to Weorrhina. Apparently it was
known by the description and figure only to Kraatz.
Froggatt in his “Australian Insects” (p. 161) says “a
second species, described under the name of octopunctata, is,
I think, only a variety” of punctata. This is an error, the
species is abundantly distinct from punctata, apart altogether
from the markings.
The type of ochracea was a male, as the front tibiz were
figured as being armed at the apex only. The female differs
in having the legs shorter, front tibie strongly tridentate,
the other tibie each with a more pronounced postmedian
tooth, and the abdomen wider and evenly convex along middle.
PoLysTIGMA PUNCTATA, Don.
Pe vixe, fies. 54 to 5/5 pl.-xii.; figs. 151,152,153:
This species occurs in abundance in the coastal districts
of New South Wales, and extends to the far north of Queens-
land. In Victoria it appears to be rare. The size ranges
from 10 to 16 mm.; and Queensland specimens are usually
smaller than those from New South Wales.
Perhaps the most typical form is that shown as fig. 56.
On the prothorax there are frequently seven disconnected
black spots, but often two of these on each side are connected
together, sometimes three on each side are so connected, and on
a specimen (fig. 57) in the National Museum, Melbourne they
are all connected ; this specimen also has the black markings of
the elytra greatly extended. On an occasional specimen there
are nine prothoracic spots. On each elytron there are usually
five disconnected spots, with an additional transverse one
connected with the suture towards the apex; but often two
or more of the spots are joined together. The spots on the
pygidium vary in number from three to seven.
The trisinuation of the base of the prothorax is less pro-
nounced than in many other Cetonides, but Kraatz was cer-
tainly incorrect in describing the base as “fere rectilinea”’ in
’ his generic diagnosis of Polystigma.
G
162
POLYSTIGMA CALOPYGA, Nl. Sp.
PIs varies (63 pl. xii. ge 184.
3. Head black; clypeus flavous, with two conspicuous
black stripes; prothorax black, the margins (but neither the
extreme base nor apex) rather narrowly flavous; scutellum
flavous, the base partly black ; elytra flavous, suture and sides,
a large spot on each side of scutellum, a submedian fascia
(connected with suture and sides), a large subapical angular
spot on each (narrowly connected with suture), and the
shoulders black; pygidium flavous, base and apex red, and
three or five spots black, but red where joined to the basal
and apical red. Under-surface reddish, in parts black; parts
of hind coxz, and of sterna, and the mesosternal process
flavous; appendages more or less red, the hind tarsi almost
black. Under-surface densely clothed in parts with whitish
hair.
Head with fairly dense punctures. Clypeus subcordate,
apex moderately notched, tips rounded, near sides vaguely de-
pressed ; punctures rather denser than on head. Club almost
the width of base of clypeus. Prothorax rather strongly nar-
rowed from base to apex, margins rather strong, sides lightly
bisinuate, medio-basal sinus rather strong, about two-thirds
the width of each of the lateral ones; disc with small and
sparse punctures, becoming denser and in places strigose on
sides. Scutellum with a few small basal punctures. Elytra
with prominent shoulders, posthumeral incurvature strong,
base with several narrow striz, one of which on each side is
continued past the scutellum, and becomes the sutural stria;
with small punctures in feeble rows, apex and sides from about
the middle transversely or obliquely strigose. Pygidiwm
densely, concentrically strigose. Abdomen gently incurved
to middle from base and apex, vaguely depressed along middle.
Mesosternal process rather acutely produced and curved in
front. Legs long, front tibiz strongly dentate at apex only,
hind pair with a transverse ridge slightly nearer apex than
base. Length, 13-134 mm.
Hab.—Australia (National Museum, Melbourne, from
C. French) ; Queensland: Cooktown (Blackburn’s collection).
Type, I. 1482, in South Australian Museum.
The type bore a label in the late Rev. T. Blackburn’s
writing, ‘““Hupecila?” Its mesosternal process, abdomen, and
legs, however, are more in agreement with those of Polystigma,
from all the described species of which it is very different in
its markings. These are all connected together on the elytra,
but the suture and shoulders in places appear to be diluted
with red. When viewed obliquely from above the pygidium
appears to have a conspicuous flavous V, the black median
163
spot is strongly narrowed to its apex, the lateral ones on
one specimen are connected together, so as to appear like a
very irregular vitta, but on the other they are disconnected
externally.
TRICHAULAX PHILIPSII, Schreib.
This species is variable in size, in clothing, and in colour
of prothorax. The smallest specimen now before me measures
19 mm., the largest 37 mm.
The prothorax in the typical form is of a dingy-red, with
the margins black, but the two colours are usually not sharply
limited. Most specimens, however, have the prothorax en-
tirely black.
The clothing varies from almost white, to a conspicuous
rusty-red or ochreous. On small specimens the prothorax,
whether red or black, is often rather densely clothed, except
in the middle; but the sides are sometimes sparsely clothed,
even on large specimens. Mostly, however, the prothorax is
glabrous. The clothing to a certain extent appears to be
deciduous, or at least specimens that have been in spirits
for some time are generally less densely clothed that those
that have not been so preserved. The extremely active lives
led by specimens also probably causes much of the clothing
on the prothorax and other unprotected parts to be quickly
abraded. Counting from the suture, the first and second
hairy grooves are generally conspicuously separated at the
base, but on some specimens (particularly on small and very
hairy ones) the two appear to be conjoined at the extreme
base. This appearance is due to the hair being continued to
the base itself, the grooves themselves not being so continued.
The size and density of the punctures are also variable.
Seen from behind the elytra appear to be supplied with
five shining ridges, wide at the base and gradually narrow-
ing posteriorly. In addition a less distinct and shorter ridge
is present towards each side, but is frequently partly or en-
tirely concealed by the clothing. Of the ridges the three
outer ones on each elytron are conjoined to form the pre-
apical callus; the seventh ridge is the suture, and posteriorly
is usually concealed. At the base the two outer hairy grooves
(frequently appearing as but one) on each side, are deflected
obliquely downwards, so as almost, or quite, to touch the
side near the base.
The male differs from the female in having a wide de-
pression along the abdomen (the female is regularly convex
there) ; the prothorax is less transverse, the elytra are some-
what narrower posteriorly, and the front tibie are less con-
spicuously dentate, the teeth (except the apical one) being
G2
164
very feeble or altogether absent. The clothing also is gene-
rally denser on the hind tibiz, than on those of the female.
The type was described as having the prothorax ‘“‘piceo
marginibus atris’’ and the elytral grooves as filled with fulvous
hairs. The exact length was not stated, but the figure, ap-
parently life-size, measures 34 mm. The figure also has the
prothorax coloured a dingy-red.
Carinata. I have not referred to the original description
of carinata (noted as a variety in Masters’ Catalogue), but
in one of the late Rev. T. Blackburn’s note-books, reference
is made to the fact that carinata was “deliberately founded
upon the type of philips.”
Schreibersu. A specimen, sent to me as schreibersi by
Mr. Arrow, agrees very well with the typical form, and agrees
well with Thomson’s description. It does not appear to be
worthy of even a varietal name. Thomson gave its length
as 29-31 mm., and stated that it was larger than philipsi,
evidently having a small specimen of the latter before him.
In Masters’ Catalogue the name appears under Schizorrhina.
Kirbyi. This is the commonest form of the species. It
has the derm entirely black, and clothing pale-flavous.
Donovam. This variety was named from a small specimen
with the prothorax red and hairy. A specimen that agrees
very well with Thomson’s description is in the South Austra-
lian Museum, labelled as carinata in the late Rev. T. Black-
burn’s writing ; it measures 23 mm. A still smaller (19 mm.)
specimen is in the National Museum, Melbourne.
Macleayi. This form appears to be common in the Cairns
district and elsewhere in Northern Queensland. Specimens are
usually large, with the clothing conspicuously reddish-
ochreous, and usually concealing the outer ridge on each
side of the elytra. It is a glorious variety. A female of
it from the late Rev. T. Blackburn’s collection was marked
as having been named by Kraatz. It was recorded as from
Western Australia, but probably in error. So far as I am
aware no specimen of the species or any of its varieties have
been taken elsewhere than in Queensland, New South Wales,
Victoria, or South Australia. As regards the latter State,
there is a specimen of eine variety kirby: labelled as from
Hahndorf.
TRICHAULAX CONCINNA, Janson.
LA specimen from Carnot Bay, of this beautiful species,
is in the National Museum, Melbourne. It has a wide, shallow
depression along the middle of the abdomen, and so is a male.
Janson noted certain parts as having a coppery tinge; but all
parts of the Carnot Bay specimen have a coppery tinge in cer-
tain lights.
165
TRICHAULAX MARGINIPENNIS, Macl.
Of this species Macleay says “not very shining’; but
specimens in good condition are quite highly polished. Mac-
leay also described the elytra as having a broad margin of
yellow pubescence, and the under-surface as having greenish-
yellow clothing. On specimens in good condition, however,
the clothing is quite white.
SCHIZORRHINA ATROPUNCTATA, Kirby.
Bb, fes:o8, 09, 60; pl. xiai., fig. 188.
This species usually has three round spots on each elytron,
two postmedian and one subapical; sometimes there is an ad-
ditional spot close to the scutellum, and sometimes only the
two postmedian ones are present. A specimen in the National
Museum, Melbourne (fig. 58) has three spots on the right
elytron, and four on the left. Mr. W. D. Dodd has recently
taken two specimens at the Coen River, each of which has
five spots on each elytron, the extra one being on the shoulder.
In the female the middle of the metasternum is produced
to in front of the middle coxe, then there is a bisinuate suture
with the mesosternal process projecting forwards to between
the front coxe; the whole of the produced parts being
glabrous. In the male the process is distinctly shorter, and
is clothed to the bisinuate suture.
var. IMMACULATA, Nn. Var.
From Northern Queensland.there are now before me five
specimens (and I have seen others) that differ from the typical
form in being of a dingy greenish-yellow and with the elytra
immaculate. Part of the metasternum is blackish and part
of the abdomen reddish. The sexes differ as in the typical
form.
Hab.—Kuranda (National Museum, Melbourne, and H. H.
iD. Griffith from F. P. Dodd), Cairns (E. Allen), Coen River
(H. Hacker).
LYRAPHORA OBLIQUATA, Westw.
Ply ix:, fiese6Usto.64> pl. xiin., fig, 185:
This is a very variable species, both sexually and in-
-dividually. The males vary in length from 13 to 18 mm., the
females from 17 to 20 mm.
On the male there is usually an irregular black M on
the prothorax, usually connected with the base at two places.
but sometimes at three, and occasionally completely divided
down the middle. On each elytron there is an oblique vitta
from the shoulder to beyond the middle, strongly narrowed —
at its middle, and then dilated till it touches the suture and
166
margin. Beyond this there is a disconnected spot with an
angular frontal projection.
On the female the prothoracic markings are generally
smaller than on the male. On the elytra they are sometimes
similar, but the oblique vitta on each elytron is frequently
broken up into two spots, of which the postmedian one appears
(with its fellow on the other elytron) as a more or less zig-zag
fascia, but sometimes the apical portion appears as a small
disconnected spot of irregular shape. The markings on the
pygidium also vary considerably in size.
LYRAPHORA BASSII, White.
[ee oMentier, Ne) coll, oti. ie elo
All the specimens that I have seen of this species have
two black spots on the prothorax and three on each elytron ;
as on the type. The spots are always in the same positions
and vary but slightly in size.
LyRAPHORA VELUTINA, Macl.
Pl. ix., figs. 65 to 68.
On this species there is a more or less M-shaped blotch
on the prothorax, that is but seldom broken up into spots.
On each elytron there are usually four spots: one on shoulder,
one touching the hind margin of the scutellum, one (usually
transverse) just beyond the middle, and the fourth close to
apex. The third spot is sometimes joined to the suture, but
is usually free. On a specimen in the National Museum,
Melbourne (fig. 65), it is joined to the second spot. One small
male (fig. 68) is without the humeral spot.
Three of the specimens before me have the derm shining ;
but this was probably caused by improper treatment.
LYRAPHORA VITTIVARIA, 0. sp.
LE Wits Ae YS olla Scom mens 710),
o. Flavous; head (except for a subtriangular space in
front of the clypeus), a large irregular somewhat M-shaped
blotch on prothorax (connected in two places with the base),
margins of scutellum, suture, sides, and some markings on
elytra, base, apex, and some spots on pygidium and under-
surface (except some spots at the sides and the mesosternal
process) black.
Head with rather small, irregularly-distributed punc-
tures. Clypeus ridged towards each side, but the sides them-
selves rounded, apex moderately notched; punctures more
distinct than on head; club about as long as the space bhe-
tween eyes. Prothorax with sides rather strongly diminishing
in width from base, hind angles strongly rounded ; medio-basal
167
sinus not very deep, not much narrower than each of the
lateral ones ; sides with fairly large punctures, but disc almost
impunctate. Scwtellwm almost impunctate. LH/lytra consider-
ably wider than prothorax, posthumeral incurvature moderate,
sides of abdomen not concealed from above, suture scarcely
mucronate at apex. Pygidwm obtusely pointed, and densely,
concentrically strigose. Abdomen vaguely depressed along
the middle. Mesosternal process lightly produced, the tip
rounded. Front tdie strongly dentate at apex only, middle
pair slightly thickened but not dentate in middle, the hind
pair with a dentiform ridge near middle. Length, 15- 153 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Coen River (H. Hacker). Toe in
National Museum, Melbourne, from C. French.
It is with some hesitation that I describe the two speci-
mens before me as representing a new species, rather than
a variety of the very variable obliquata. They differ, how-
ever, from males of that species in having the upper-surface
opaque instead of shining (but one specimen has parts of the
upper-surface shining), the abdcmen entirely black except for
some marginal spots, and the legs paler. The pale portions
of each elytron also are all connected together, instead of
being isolated from each other into two or three parts. On
the type the prothoracic blotch has a triangular notch at its
apex, on the other the notch is continued almost to a trans-
verse subbasal pale space. On each elytron of the type there
is a somewhat dumb-bell-shaped oblique vitta from the
shoulder to beyond the middle, almost connected with the
side but distinctly separated from the suture; near the apex
there is a large spot, rounded behind and with a pointed
projection in front; adjoining the scutellum there is a large
spot, and there is a narrow black mark on the hind portion
of the suture. On the second specimen the discal markings
on each elytron are connected together, and a'so connected
with each other by way of the postmedian sutural mark which
is larger than on the type. On the type there are four dis-
connected spots on the pygidium, on the other there are but
two. The upper-surface is covered with an opaque indumen-
tum, which partially or entirely conceals the punctures. On
the elytra there appear to be feeble rows of shallow punctures,
but where the indumentum has been rubbed away these be-
come much more distinct.
ABLACOPUS TRAPEZIFER, Thoms.
Pin, wo, (1. plexi ees. 126 to 13) > plex.
fives. 154, 155, 156, 165, 166, 167.
This species is fairly common in Northern Queensland,
and varies in length from 17 to 25 mm. The prothoracic
168
blotch varies from entire and more or less subtriangular im
shape, to somewhat M- (or reversed W-) shaped, with the
parts sometimes disconnected. The scutellum varies from pale
with very narrow black margins to entirely black. The
abdomen is sometimes of a very dark red without side spots,
but is usually black, with conspicuous flavous spots at the
sides. The pygidium is immaculate, or with a conspicuous:
somewhat elongated black spot on each side (on some speci-
mens the spot on each side is not black, but has a vague
watery appearance, although of the usual shape, size, and
position). On two females the lateral spots are absent, but
there is a minute black spot on each side of a faint medio-
basal extension. The femora and tibiz are usually pale with
dark tips; but the tibiz are sometimes entirely dark.
A female in the National Museum, Melbourne, has the elytra.
(except for the sutural marking) entirely of a deep chestnut-red.
Another female (fig. 71) in that Museum has the prothoracic
blotch connected along the middle with the base, each
shoulder and the subapical callesities black; the sterna (except
for a minute spot on each side of the mesosternum), abdomen,
and pygidium black (the latter with the conspicuous subapical
carina of the females of the species), and the legs black except
for a narrow border in front of the hind femora, and the
lateral margins of the hind coxz. The clypeus has a pale
spot on each side, with a minute black spot in the middle of
each. A male, in the same Museum, has a vague dark cloud
on the suture from just beyond the middle to near the
apex. Another male, in the same Museum, was labelled
Chondropyga notabilis and as from Western Australia. But
the locality and identification are almost certainly incorrect.
It differs in many respects from the description of notabilis-
On its prothorax there is a well-defined M (fig. 128).
ABLACOPUS, Sp.
PS xa ee tio. Lode
There are three specimens before me that I hesitate to
associate with either teniatus or trapezifer, although they pro-
bably belong to the latter species. ‘They all have the inter-
coxal process of the mesosternum decidedly wider than is usual
in those species. Fig. 131 will give a general idea of the
prothoracic blotch, which is very similar on all three.
A male (17 mm.) from Cairns, from Mr. Cox’s collection,
has the front tibiz tridentate, as on the female of trapezifer,.
the middle femora moderately fringed behind and feebly in
front, the legs dark-red, with tibie darker than femora, and
the tarsi black. Its pygidium has the usual two black spots.
A female (19 mm.) in the National Museum, Melbourne,
169
has the clypeus entirely dark; the pygidium (fig. 157) widely
black at base and apex, leaving a transverse pale portion with-
out spots, and its apex is non-carinate. The under-surface
and legs are dark-red and immaculate.
A female (21 mm.) from Stannery Hills, New South
Wales, ‘5° in Mr. French’s collection has the head, prothorax,
pygidium, under-surface, and legs much as in the preceding
specimen, but the scutellum is not entirely black, and the
elytra are paler on the apical third than on the basal two-
thirds.
ABLACOPUS THNIATUS, Schoch.
Bix ties: (2 to ./5;, pl. xiii, figs. 163, 164.
The typical form of this species is sufficiently distinct
from the typical form of trapezifer. But both species vary
considerably in size and markings, and it is not always easy
to separate them. But as a rule the males may be distin-
guished by the middle femora, and the females by the
pygidium.
On the male of trapezfer the middle femora each have
two fringes of long hairs on the under-surface, the space
between the fringes being quite glabrous, sometimes but one
fringe is distinct, the second being represented by a few short
setz only, but the space between is always glabrous. On
tanmiatus, on the contrary, the interspace is very densely
clothed, so that the whole of the under-surface of the femur
appears like an elongated pad.
On the female of trapezfer the lower portion of the
pygidium has a distinct median carina, of which there is
no trace on the female of teniatus.
The specimen doubtfully figured by Janson (Cist. Ent.,
1.) as Diaphomia notabilis almost certainly belongs to teniata.
I have seen three females agreeing perfectly with the figure.
‘One of these has the two apical segments of abdomen partly
yellow (although not yellow margined with black), but the
others have those segments entirely black.
The prothorax on the type of teniatus (but not of notabi-
lis) had a stripe on each side pale, with the black blotch con-
nected with base and apex. Three such specimens (all males)
are before me, on another male there are three small pale
spots along the middle (fig. 73), but the blotch is connected
also with both base and apex. On all the females () the
blotch is disconnected with the margins and has a pale stripe
or elongated spot down the middle (as figured by Janson).
(30) It is the only specimen of the genus that I have seen from
that State.
(31) Except the specimen from the late Mr. Elgner.
170
The scutellum varies from pale, with very narrow black
margins, to entirely black. The elytra vary from a form
with the suture narrowly black, and shoulders not spotted, to
forms with a fairly wide sutural stripe, and a distinct spot on
each shoulder. One male, in the National Museum, Melbourne,
has the humeral spot black, with the sides thence to the apex
irregularly mottled with brown, of a sufficiently dark shade
to cause the space between it, and the sutural patch to appear
conspicuously striped (fig. 74).
The pygidium in the female is pale, with very narrow
black margins, and sometimes with a medio-basal spot con-
nected with the base. On the male there is a distinct black
spot on each side, and the medio-basal spot is more distinct
than is usual in the female. The sterna and abdomen are
black with pale spots on the sides. The hind femora are
usually black with the front margin pale; but on one male
they are entirely pale (although darker on the lower than on
the upper parts). On this specimen also the four front femora
and four hind tibiz are obscurely diluted with red in places.
The clypeus varies from almost entirely pale, to about three-
fourths black. The front tibize of the female are tridentate,
but on one specimen the subapical tooth is very feeble, and
on others they are apparently identical with the front tibie
of the male. The size varies from 17 to 19 mm.
A female from Northern Queensland (from Mr. Elgner).
seems greatly aberrant, as the only parts that are pale are
an irregular patch on each side of the clypeus, a narrow flavous
border on each side of the prothorax, the pygidium (except at
base and apex), some spots at the sides from mesosternum to
apex of abdomen, a spot on the mesosternal process, and an
irregular mottling of the hind femora. But as I cannot
distinguish it structurally from other females, presumably it
is a variety of the species, despite its entirely black elytra
and scutellum.
ABLACOPUS ATER, Schoch.
Pl. xii., figs. 117, 118, 119.
This species was made the type of a new genus (Anthra-
copharis) by Schoch, who stated that it would not fit into
any previously known one. It is, however, absolutely con-
generic with Albacopus trapezifer, originally referred by
Thomson to Diaphonia, but subsequently made the type of his
new genus Ablacopus. In fact, I am unable to define a single
structural feature by which a specimen, sex for sex, may be
distinguished from trapezifer.
There are now before me seven males and two females
(the latter sex was unknown to Schoch), ranging in length
from 20 to 25 mm. Of these three males agree with the type
171
in being entirely black; one is black except for a spot on the
clypeus; another is black except-for a similar spot, and some
vague spaces on the elytra near the suture about base and
apex ; another has a spot on the head, a fairly large irregular
space on each side of the prothorax, and a vague oblique
space on each elytron from the shoulder to near apex obscurely
diluted with red; the seventh has a fairly large spot on the
head (the spot itself with a black circular spot on each side),
a minute spot on each side of the prothorax, and much of the
elytra pale; the pale portion on each elytron is almost flavous,
but clouded in places, it extends from near the base to near
the apex, starting at a short distance from the suture, and
extending to about one-third from the margins, but with an
infuscate line for about ‘two-thirds of its length down the
middle. Of the females one has an almost equal amount of
the elytra pale to that of the seventh male, but the infuscate
line is wanting, and there is an infuscate cloud extending
into the pale portion from the posterior half of the suture.
On this specimen there is a scarcely traceable spot on each
side of the prothorax, and the clypeus has a fairly large pale
space, with a distinct black spot on each side, and a vague
median line. The other female has a fairly large pale spot
on the clypeus, with a distinct black spot in the middle, and
an obscure one on each side, its prothorax at first appears to
be immaculate, but on close examination a vague spot may
be seen on each side. Each elytron has a fairly large space
diluted with red along the middle, the markings distinct,
but not sharply defined.
Structurally the female differs from the male in being
rather stouter, tarsi shorter, front tibize tridentate 2) and each
of the middle ones as well as the hind ones with a median
tooth, its abdomen is strongly convex along the middle, and
its pygidium is acutely carinated posteriorly.)
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns (H. Elgner and H. H. D.
Griffith from E. Allen), Endeavour River and Mount Bartle
Frere (C. French, and National Museum, Melbourne, from
C. French).
Microrpcecina cINcTA, Don.
var. brewert, Janson.
An abundant species about Sydney, where in some years
it may be seen in thousands on flowers of Angophora cordifolia.
(32) One female has the teeth much less acute than those of the -
other, but the tibiz show evidences of abrasion by digging.
(33) A rather uncommon feature in the subfamily, but exactly
as on the female of trapezifer.
172
Its larval and pupal stages are often passed in rotting cores
of plants of the genus XYanthorrhea.
The male has a wide shallow depression along the middle
of the abdomen, and is generally somewhat smaller than the
female, with the large black blotch of the upper-surface more
sharply defined.
I cannot regard breweri (whose larve also occurs in rot-
ting cores of species of Xanthorrhea) as more than a variety.
Specimens from Western Australia (one of which was iden-
tified by Mr. Arrow as breweri) have the punctures of the
clypeus, prothorax, and elytra much as on some Sydney
specimens. But Western Australian specimens sometimes
have the prothorax and elytra almost entirely reddish-
castaneous, the only distinctly dark part of the upper-surface
being the scutellum.
var. MELANCHOLICA, nN. Var.
A female (in the National Museum, Melbourne) labelled
as from Queensland and F. H. duBoulay, apparently belongs -
to this species, but is entirely black, except for a minute red-
dish spot near the top of the pygidium, and two where the hind
coxe almost touch. In all structural details it agrees abso-
lutely with normal females.
CACOCHROA GYMNOPLEURA, Fisch.
A specimen (from New South Wales) in Mr. French’s
collection may be an immature female of this species; it differs
from the typical form in having the head in front of the eyes
red, the prothorax black with the sides and base of an obscure
deep-red; the elytra of a dingy flavous with the suture and
shoulders black, narrowly bordered with dingy-red; the
pygidium entirely and the abdomen partly red; and the legs
more or less obscurely reddish. In all structural details it
agrees with normal females.
A male labelled as from Roebourne, 4 also in Mr.
French’s collection, appears to be an unusually small (13$
mm.) form of the variety concolor, with the head and pro-
thorax much hairier than is usual.
CACOCHROA DECORTICATA, Macl.
var. assimilis, Macl.
var. neva, Gestro.
Pl. x., figs. 76, 77, 78.
The female of this species is much rarer than the male,
and has no white clothing on the sides of the prothorax. The
(34) North-western Australia; probably an incorrect locality.
173
spot on the disc of each elytron is greatly reduced in size
(compared with that of the male) or altogether absent, and
the white spots on the pygidium are also reduced in size.
Such specimens in colour agree well with obscura, but have
much more defined punctures. On the male the white cloth-
ing on the sides of the prothorax is usually continuous, but is
sometimes partly or completely divided in the middle. The
elytral spots also vary in size and shape.
The species was referred by Kraatz to Lyraphora, but
was made the type of a new genus (Camilla) by Thomson. I
cannot regard Schizorrhina neva as more than a slight variety
of the species.
CACOCHROA VARIABILIS, Macl.
Pi x, fess 79 iho / 84.
There are before me numerous specimens that appear to
belong to this species; but they vary considerably in size
(14-19 mm.) and colour ; and to a certain extent in the elytral
punctures; these being much finer on some specimens than
on others.
Three colour varieties were described by Macleay. But
the sculpture and size were apparently alike on all three; or
at least there is no indication in the description to the con-
trary. Of the supposititious non-variable details in the original
description the following may be mentioned: ‘“Femoribus
tibiisque posticis subtus villosus,’’ and again, “the inferior
margin of the hind thighs and tibie are clothed with a
uniform thick brush of cinereous hair.’”’ Of the elytra, “lineis
duabus longitudinalibus suturaque subelevatis glabris.’’ The
size of the elytral punctures is nowhere mentioned, but on
the head and prothorax they were mentioned as finer than
on gymnopleura.
Macleay did not describe one form as typical and the
others as varieties, but described the species as being com-
posed of three varieties. It would perhaps have been better
had he described one form as typical, and the others as
varieties, but as he numbered them respectively 1, 2, and 3,
it appears desirable with additional varieties to continue his
arithmetic.
Var. 1.—A rather small (14 mm.) male from Rockhamp-
ton evidently belongs to this variety. Its hind legs are as
described, and its elytral punctures are fairly coarse and in
somewhat irregular rows, extending neither to base nor apex.
Two females, from Cairns, of the variety, differ in being larger,
with much finer and scarcely-seriate elytral punctures, and
only the hind tibiz densely fringed, although about the base
of each of the four front femora there is a fairly conspicuous
’ fringe.
174
Var. 2.—A specimen (fig. 79) labelled as variabilis by
the late Rev. T. Blackburn, evidently belongs to this variety.
It is of a deep-red, with the base of the head, two large pro-
thoracic spots, the scutellum, and a sutural vitta black; the
vitta is wide at the base and is regularly narrowed till it
disappears at the apex. It is a male and has the femora and
hind tibiz fringed as noted under var. 3. Three specimens,
two of which are from Cairns, are females of this variety,
and one (fig. 80) is labelled variabilis by the late Rev. R. L.
King, but without locality other than Queensland. They are
of a still deeper red than the male, one being so dark that
the black prothoracic spots (which on it are of greater size
than usual) are very ill-defined. The scutellum is obscurely
diluted with red, and the suture is very narrowly black. Two
have the pygidium mostly red, but on the other it is black.
The elytra are without elevated lines of any kind, except the
hind portion of the suture, but they are feebly undulated
in places ; their punctures are also noticeably smaller than on
the male, being, in fact, very small. The femora are feebly
fringed, but the hind tibiz are almost as densely fringed as
in the male. Two other females have the hind tibie feebly
fringed, but otherwise they agree with the two having the
pygidium red.
Var. 3.—Two other specimens evidently belong to Tee
variety. One (fig. 81) bears a label by the late Rev. R. L.
King, ““Hupecila variabilis, McL., Port Deniston’’ ©); the
other was labelled, “2076, variabtlis, Macl.,’’ by the late ‘Rev.
T. Blackburn. They are males and have the hind tibie and
femora densely fringed on the lower-surface; their four
front femora are also fringed, but less conspicuously so. The
front tibiz have a strong apical tooth and a feeble subapical
one. Their legs are mostly red, the tarsi and hind tibie being
black or blackish. The amount of dingy-red at the sides of
the prothorax and elytra varies. One has the pygidium black,
and the other only partly so. The suture is distinctly elevated
posteriorly, but the other longitudinal elevations are very
feeble. I have seen no females of this variety.
Var. 4.—A female (fig. 82) from Northern Queensland, in
the National Museum, Melbourne,evidently represents another
variety. It is black with the apical half of head, sides and apex
of prothorax, elytra (except for a wide sutural vitta), and most
of pygidium and of legs of a deep-red. Only its hind tibie
are densely fringed. A specimen, from Kuranda, in Mr.
Griffith’s collection, is very similar in general appearance,
but has the elytra entirely of a deep-red, and the pygidium
black but obscurely diluted with red in the middle.
(35) Port Denison was the type locality.
175
Var. 5.—Another variety (figs. 83, 84) is common in the
Cairns district. It is of a rather pale-castaneous, with each
side of base of head, two prothoracic spots of variable size,
scutellum (wholly or in part), sterna (except the sides and
the mesosternal process), and abdomen black. On each side
of the prothorax also there is sometimes a small infuscate
spot. The male has the hind femora and tibiz densely fringed
on the lower-surface, and ‘the other femora moderately fringed.
The female has the femoral fringes much less conspicuous,
and the fringe on the hind tibie very feeble. Both sexes
have the punctures of the upper-surface rather more con-
spicuous than usual, although much smaller than on gymno-
pleura. One of the females, in Mr. French’s collection, is
labelled as from York (in Western Australia), but this is
certainly an error, probably Cape York in Queensland was
meant.
Disregarding colour the females of the species differ from
the males in being larger, elytra distinctly wider, less nar-
rowed posteriorly and with decidedly finer punctures; abdo-
men evenly convex instead of depressed along middle and
hind legs with their femora much less conspicuously fringed
than their tibie, or sometimes with both femora and tibize
feebly fringed. The differences in the dentition of the front
tibiz are slight and apparently somewhat variable.
CACOCHROA PULLATA, Janson.
There are five specimens from the Endeavour River,
under examination, that agree with the description of this
species except as regards the colour of the femora, which were
described as having ‘‘a large rufous patch.’’ Three (56) of the
specimens have the femora entirely dark, one has all the
femora more or less obscurely diluted with red, and the other
has the hind femora only partly diluted with red. The size
ranges from 164 to 19 mm.
Janson stated that it was most nearly allied to variabilis ;
in general appearance it is, in fact, close to var. 1 of that
species, but the clothing of the hind legs is very different. It
was made the type of a new genus (A phanesthes) by Kraatz,
who described the mesosternal process as ‘‘latus, obtuse
rotundatus.’’ That of Cacochroa being ‘‘modice productus,
angustus, acuminatus.’’ The clypeus of the latter was ‘‘for-
titer,’’ that of the former “‘leviter emarginatus.’’ As a matter
of fact, the clypeus and mesosternal process are much alike
in pullata and gymnopleura.
(56)'T'wo of these were labelled as pullata by the late Rev. T.
Blackburn.
176
CACOCHROA VARIICOLLIS, Nn. sp.
Pl. xii., figs. 132, 133, 134.
dg. Black, elytra of a dark-red, suture and sides infus-
cated; appendages more or less obscurely diluted with red.
Under-surface rather lightly clothed but the middle femora
densely clothed on the lower-surface.
Head almost impunctate near base, with moderately
coarse punctures between eyes, becoming still coarser on
clypeus. Clypeus with almost parallel lateral ridges, apex
rather obtusely notched with the tips widely rounded. Club
about the width of clypeus. Prothorax with sides lightly
bisinuate but strongly decreasing in width from near base,
medio-basal sinus rather shallow, about two-thirds the width
of each of the lateral ones; with very small punctures, and
scattered ones of larger size, but still small, a few fairly
coarse ones on sides. Slytra distinctly but not much wider
than prothorax, suture depressed towards base and elevated
posteriorly; with numerous rows of distinct but not large
punctures, in places transversely confluent, apex and sides
near apex transversely strigose. Pygidium. obtusely pointed,
densely, concentrically strigose. Abdomen with a wide and
fairly deep median depression. Mesosternal process moder-
ately produced, and obtusely pointed. Front tvbie with outer
margin incurved from middle to apex, which is strongly
dentate; middle pair with apex triangularly bidentate and
bispinose ; hind pair with a median ridge, and with the apex
wide and lightly sinuous. Length (3, 9), 17-20 mm.
Q. Differs in being more robust, elytra less narrowed
posteriorly, pygidium more transverse, abdomen strongly con-
vex along middle, with the sides less concealed by the elytra,
front tibie bidentate, the middle ones dentate about middle,
spurs to hind tibiz larger and less acute, and middle femora
less densely clothed.
Hab.—Northern Queensland (H. Elgner): Ayr, Ingham
(C. French), Endeavour River (National Museum, Melbourne,
from C. French).
Allied to variabilis, but differs in having larger punctures
on the head and elytra, and the posthumeral incurvature much
less pronounced. On the female the front tibize are some-
what differently armed, and the others are different at apex.
The front tibize of the male are very differently armed, and
the legs differently clothed. The colour of the elytra is of
almost the same shade as the second variety of that species.
The colours as described apply to four, of the seven, speci-
mens under examination. The others (all from the Endeavour
River) differ as follows :—
Ter
1. Prothorax (fig. 132) with a large discal reddish-
castaneous space, the space connected with the margins
(which also are narrowly reddish), except for a slight sub-
marginal infuscation, Pygidium obscurely reddish across
middle.’ Middle tibie and hind femora paler than the rest of
the legs.
2. Prothorax (fig. 133) with the discal mark distinctly
connected with the margins. Pygidium red, with a triangular
mark attached to the base. Legs almost entirely reddish.
3. Prothorax (fig. 134) almost entirely red, elytra clouded
with black over most of the surface. Pygidium paler but
otherwise much as on preceding specimen. Abdomen with a
flavous spot at the side of each of the four basal segments.
Legs mostly red.
DIAPHONIA NOTABILIS, White.
The type of this species was recorded as from New
Holland, in a paper in which species from both sides of the
continent were described; and, from the paper itself, there
is no authority to record it from Western Australia, as was
done in Masters’ Catalogue.
Janson figured, as doubtfully a female of this species,
a specimen from Cape York, in which the prothoracic blotch
has a pale median mark. This form I believe to be Anthra-
copharis tenata (see notes under that species). If he cor-
rectly identified it then tenata must fall as a synonym.
Kraatz gives notabilis, of White, as the male, and notabi-
lis, of Janson, as the female, of one species; which he refers
to his new genus Chondropyga. But it is to be noted that the
front tibie of the type are figured as distinctly bidentate,
‘and therefore presumably it was a female (in A blacopus, how-
ever, the front tibiz are not always to be relied upon as
‘sexually distinctive). All the specimens that I have seen and
believe to be te@niata have the prothoracic blotch joined to
both base and apex in the male; and (with one exception)
isolated with a median spot in the female (as figured by Janson
but not by White).
White described the clypeus as having four small obscure
spots in front; many specimens of tenmata and trapezfer
have such spots, but others have but two isolated ones, or
‘all may be more or less merged in the general colour. He
also states that the species “seems to be allied to
succinea.” In fact, the figure given is much like several
‘specimens of succinea before me, and the abdomen of many
of these agree with his description; but I have never seen
a specimen of that species with a spotted pygidium, although
the prothoracic markings are variable and are usually absent.
178
DIAPHONIA SUCCINEA, Hope.
Pipe mes. iGo) ako:
The type of this species was described as having two
black spots on the middle of the prothorax. Subsequently
Westwood gave a note and figures from the male in the Hope
collection ; one of his figures shows two almost circular spots
on the prothorax towards the base.
I have seen but one specimen agreeing with the descrip-
tion, and that one has the spots of somewhat different shape -
(fig. 136) to that of the type. A specimen in the National
Museum, Melbourne (fig. 135) has a large, angular, black blotch
occupying most of the surface; but eleven others before me have
the prothorax immaculate. On fresh specimens the pro-
thorax is usually slightly paler at the sides than on the disc.
But on old ones the whole of the upper-surface (except for
a narrow black basal edging of the prothorax) has a tendency
to become reddish-castaneous. The sides of the metasternum
and of the abdomen are occasionally black, or stained with
black. The size varies from 19 to 25 mm.
The female differs from the male in being wider, post-
humeral incurvature less pronounced, pygidium more trans-
verse, abdomen evenly convex instead of with a very wide de-
pression, legs distinctly shorter and front tibize strongly tri-
dentate.
DiaPHonta(?) NEGLECTA, Thoms.
Although referred to Hupecila by Thomson, and stand-
ing under that name in Masters’ Catalogue, it is quite evident
that this species does not belong to that genus, as he says it is
generally confounded with cincta and brewerr.67) The elytra
also are apparently uniformly pale (at any rate, their colour
is not specially mentioned, that of the upper-surface being
‘““preecipue testacea’’). To judge from the description it is an
insect apparently resembling some varieties of Ablacopus
trapezifer, Diaphoma xanthopyga, or D. dorsalis. To gen-
erically transfer a species without actually knowing it is
seldom advisable, but the description of this species makes it
quite certain that it is not a Hupecila, and that it probably
is a Diaphonia, or one of the numerous so-called genera allied.
to same.
DIAPHONIA DEYROLLEI, Thoms.
Referred by Thomson to Hupecila, but by Kraatz to
Lyraphora, and so placed in Masters’ Catalogue. If the
markings are constant it should be an easily recognizable
(37) A somewhat curious statement, as the pygidium i is described
as having “‘deux taches transversales obliques d’un jaune orange”’ ;
whereas the pygidium of those species is invariably entirely black.
179
‘species, as it is described as being entirely black, except for
the elytra, which have four black stripes, and pygidium,
which has a black median spot.
As Thomson stated that it was allied to gulosa and
dorsalis, it appears better to refer it to Diaphonia.
DIAPHONIA NIGRICEPS, Blanch.
The original description of this species deals practically
only with colour and size, and fits several species of distinct
genera. Kraatz in transferring it to Draphona, from
Schizorrhina, added nothing by which it could be identified.
The only locality given was New Holland.
I have seen specimens of parry: and of euclensis marked
as nigriceps, but it would be absurd to treat either of these
species as synonyms of it without further particulars than
those contained in the original description.
DIAPHONIA SATELLES, Blackb.
Ritix., foes. 8/, 835 pl.) xi:, figs: 89: to 94.
This species, which appears to be confined to South Aus-
‘tralia, is subject to considerable variation, both sexually and
‘individually. The male usually resembles a small male of
dorsalis, but the species may be readily distinguished by the
sutural stria. In satelles the stria, as such, terminates at
the scutellum, although a line of punctures can be traced to
the base. In dorsalis the stria is regularly continued to the
base itself.
. The female is more heavily built than the male, more
convex, with the sides of the prothorax more rounded. She
also usually has the prothorax entirely black, or with a more
or less narrow sublateral edging of dingy-testaceous. The
elytra are occasionally entirely black, but usually have a
patch of dull colour on each side of the base; the patch is
sometimes not much longer than wide (fig. 94), but sometimes
extends to beyond the middle, on each side towards the apex
there is sometimes a dingy-testaceous streak. Her pygidium
‘may be entirely black, or with a transverse pale spot on each
side, or mostly pale with a black mark from base to near
middle (approaching that of the male). A recently-received
specimen is entirely black except for some vague spots on the
margins of the abdomen.
DIAPHONIA LATERALIS, Blackb.
Pl. x., fig. 86; pl. xiii., fig. 189.
The type of this species is still unique in the South Aus-
tralian Museum. It is one of the most distinct of the genus.
180
DIAPHONIA EUCLENSIS, Blackb.
Pll xs! fig. 85's pl isceioe Ne 7 SSS eons tol! vectalee io ee
In structure this species is extremely close to parryi,
but the hind tarsi of the male are distinctly shorter, so that
if males of the same lengths are placed side by side the fifth
joint of the hind tarsus of euclensis scarcely passes the base
of the fifth joint of parryi. The hind tarsi of the females,
however, are much alike. But I have seen no specimen of
parryt in which the prothorax was not either entirely black,
or with the pale markings disconnected ; and of euclensis in
which the discal marking was not completely isolated from the
sides. On one specimen, however (a small male from Black-
burn’s collection, labelled, with a query, as mgriceps), there
are some vague infuscations connecting in several places the
discal blotch with the base (fig. 85). This specimen also has the
scutellum partly dark and a vague cloud on each side of same. A
female (fig. 138) in the National Museum, Melbourne, labelled
with a query as from Queensland (almost certainly it is not
from that State), has the outlines of the prothorax somewhat
different to those of normal specimens, and with two com-
paratively small dark spots on the disc. Its scutellum is
narrowly margined with black, and has a Deel line from
the base to beyond the middle.
It is not always easy to distinguish Ponules of it from
females of mniszechu, but the male has the abdomen less
protuberant at the sides, and the excavation on the lower-
surface considerably smaller, although still large; the tarsi
are also somewhat shorter. ?
DIAPHONIA DORSALIS, Don.
Pixie. shes95)) to 199).
This species varies in length from 20 to 29 mm. The
median black mark of the prothorax occupies from one-third
the width to about three-fourths, in the latter case leaving
only a narrow yellowish margin on each side; the yellow por-
tion with, or without, a small dark spot slightly in advance
of the middle. On the elytra the black sutural mark may
be narrow and scarcely extended beyond the subsutural stria,
or extended to about the middle; towards the apex, however,
it is suddenly narrowed. The spot on each shoulder varies
in size and from deep-black to faintly infuscate. The pygidium
varies from pale, except for very narrow black margins and
a short medio-basal spot, to more than half black, with the
medio-basal spot continued to the apex, so as to divide the
pale portion into two transverse spots. The antenne are
much larger in the male than in the female.
181
A specimen (fig. 95), in the National Museum, has the
prothorax narrowly but distinctly margined with black, so
that there appears a narrow pale stripe a short distance from
each side. Its elytra also have the dark markings more ex-
tended than usual, with the humeral spot continued as a stripe
almost to the apex, and connected with the sutural patch
near the apex and again near the scutellum, so that an
elongate, pale, irregularly-defined spot is enclosed on each side.
The species is abundant in the coastal districts of New
South Wales and of Southern Queensland, and has a rapid
and noisy flight. Specimens are often seen and heard flying
through the suburban streets of Sydney and Brisbane.
DIAPHONIA XANTHOPYGA, Germ.
Pl. xi., figs. 100 to 107.
For this species the genus MZelobastes was proposed by
Thomson, but it should never have been removed from
Diaphonia, in which it was allowed to remain, even by Kraatz.
The species is subject to considerable variation in size (8)
(17-27 mm.) and markings, more especially in the female.
The type was evidently an ordinary male, but rather small
and with the scutellum entirely black (only three males before
me have the scutellum entirely black, in most specimens much
of it being pale). On specimens in good condition the margins:
of the prothorax are usually paler (usually quite flavous) than
the disc, but with age the prothorax (except for such dark
markings as are present) tends to become uniformly reddish-
castaneous. But the narrow black basal edging is always
present, and the apex is also always narrowly black, at least
in the middle. Frequently a small vague dark spot can be
traced close to each margin, slightly in advance of the middle.
A small fovea may sometimes be seen on each side of the
pygidium ; but it is usually not traceable. It may appear on
either sex. On fresh specimens some long reddish hairs may
be seen on the elytra, but they are usually completely
abraded.
‘The female (apart from colour) differs from the male in
being wider, elytra less narrowed, prothorax more convex and
with more rounded sides,‘59) head shghtly smaller, club of
antennze much smaller, abdomen evenly convex along middle
(instead of widely depressed), mesosternal process slightly less
prominent, and legs distinctly shorter, with the tibial denti-
tion more pronounced (many females, however, have the teeth
(38) The type was nine German lines, not five, as quoted by
Kraatz. i
(39) The sexual variations of the prothorax and elytra are much:
as in satelles.
182
of the front tibiz broken or worn down by digging). Her
punctures also are usually denser and larger than in the male.
A very small male in the South Australian Museum has
an obscure pale spot on each side of the clypeus, and the
middle of the abdomen obscurely diluted with red. It is the
only specimen under examination whose head is not entirely
black. Its scutellum is entirely pale. It has an unusually
distinct fovea on each side of the pygidium, and its elytral
punctures are unusually large and conspicuously transverse.
Another male (fig. 105) has the black basal edging of
the prothorax somewhat wider than usual, with a _ subtri-
angular extension from same to near the middle; it also has
a fairly large isolated spot on each side of the basal third and
some blackish spots near the margins, somewhat in front of
the middle. Another male has somewhat similar but less pro-
nounced markings.
Another male (fig. 106) has the black sutural marking
somewhat dilated towards the base, and the scutellum with
a subtriangular pale spot.
A female (fig. 104) has the black basal edging of the
prothorax continued around the sides, and two blotches of
very unequal size on the disc. Its scutellum has two irregular
pale spots. On the elytra there is a large dark sutural
blotch, of an irregularly oval outline, from near the base to
the apical third, then continued narrowly to apex; there is
also a vitta from near each shoulder to the subapical callosity.
A female (fig. 103), in Mr. Griffith’s collection, has the
elytral markings conjoined, but otherwise somewhat similar ;
its prothorax has two large and some small spots.
A female (fig. 100) from Western Australia, in the
National Museum, Melbourne, has the elytra dark, except for
some basal markings. Its prothorax has two large and some
smaller spots.
A female (fig. 101) from Eucla, in the National Museum,
Melbourne, has the elytra dark, except for some irregular basal
markings. Its prothorax has an irregularly M-shaped mark,
occupying most of its surface, and the small medio-lateral spots
are unusually well defined. This specimen was labelled
Lyraphora deyroller, but is apparently not even close to that
species.
Another female (fig. 102), also from Western Australia,
has the prothoracic markings still more extended, but on the
elytra the markings are somewhat as on the first described
female.
DIAPHONIA GULOSA, Janson.
The mesosternal process of this species is certainly small,
but that appears to be its only aberrant feature, and it should
183
not have been removed from Diaphonia; to propose the special
genus Chondropyga for its reception, as was done by Kraatz,
appears absurd.
On specimens in perfect condition the sides of the pro-
thorax are usually rather densely pubescent, but the clothing
is easily abraded, as many specimens have the prothorax
quite glabrous. On an occasional specimen there are two
‘reddish medio-basal spots on the prothorax. The scutellum
varies from entirely black to almost entirely pale. The abdo-
men is usually entirely black, but one specimen has it diluted
with red in spots. The black median marking of the pygidium
is sometimes continuous from base to apex, but frequently
stops short at the middle.
DIAPHONTA OLLIFFIANA, Janson.
Beet one. l0S- pls xa. fies, 187, 193.
The typical form of this species is evidently the one
figured by Froggatt.(40 At the present time there are no
‘specimens of such a form before me, but from the National
Museum, Melbourne, there is a variety in which all the elytral
markings are more or less conjoined (fig. 108).
DIAPHONIA PARRYI, Janson.
seminigra, Kraatz.
P]. xii., figs. 120 to 123.
The type of this species was figured as having a large
dark blotch behind the scutellum, and a small spot on each
shoulder. But the species was described as having variable
markings, :
A specimen, in the South Australian Museum, agrees
well with the original figure. Another has a slight cloud be-
hind the scutellum, a very vague spot on each shoulder, and
some pale markings on prothorax. Another specimen (fig. 121),
a female, has the paler portions of the elytra of a dingy-
brown, and covering about half the surface, the black extends
from each shoulder to the suture at the apex, forming a large
triangle; the preapical callosities are also black. A male
(fig. 122) has the elytra entirely black, except for a rather
small curved space on each side of the apex. Several males
have the elytra entirely pale, or with the suture only excepted.
On the males the mesosternal process is coarsely punc-
tured, slightly concave and sometimes with long hair as on
the other parts of the under-surface. On the females the
process is usually quite flat; shining, and with very sparse:
punctures.
(40) Australian Insects, pl. xvii., fig. 10.
184
The late Rev. T. Blackburn recorded seminigra as a
synonym of parryi, and I agree with that opinion.
DIAPHONIA LUTEOLA, Janson.
Of this species Janson says: “Most nearly allied to
D. xanthopyga, but very different in colour and sculpture.”
But many specimens of zanthopyga agree exactly with his
description of the colours (head, apex and base of thorax, apex
of scutellum, suture of elytra, bedy beneath, and legs black,
‘centre of abdomen pitchy, thorax, elytra, and pygidium tes-
taceous). The size also (104 lines) fits many specimens of
zanthopyga, which occur in Western as well as South Aus-
tralia.
But the described: sculpture, “punctures forming three
striz on each elytron, the first sutural, the others on the disc,”
is certainly at variance with xanthopyga, which has rather
numerous irregular punctures, sometimes appearing in feeble
striz, but certainly in many more than three on each elytron.
DIAPHONIA VICINA, Janson.
This species was described as being “nearly allied’ to
luteola, the latter being “most nearly allied to zanthopyga.”’
‘The description and figure, in fact, represent an insect rather
‘close to zanthopyga, but differing in having smaller punctures
and part of the head pale. Reference to the figure (plate vi..,
fig. 2) was not given at the time the species was described,
and it was also omitted from Masters’ Catalogue.
Kraatz apparently had not seen the figure, or at least he
does not mention it. Nevertheless, he made the species the
type of his genus Dysdiatheta, the diagnosis of which is simply
a Latin translation of parts of the original description ; with
a note that, “The typical species, on account of its yellow
‘colouring, is somewhat lke Diaphoma, but it cannot remain
in same on account of the prothorax, which is like that of
Hemipharis at the base.”
I have not, to my knowledge, seen the species, but refer
it back to Diaphonia, as Janson’s idea as to the position of
‘a species, which he described and figured, seems preferable to
that of Kraatz, who apparently knew it by the description
‘only, not a single particular being added to those given by
Janson.
DIAPHONIA MNISZECHII, Janson.
Pl. xiii., figs. 141 to 147, 168, 169.
The male of this fine species (which occurs from the Mallee
‘district of Victoria to the coast of Western Australia as far
morth as Geraldton) may be readily distinguished from all
185
other Australian Cetonides by the dense clothing of, the
pygidium and under-surface, and by the deep impression
occupying the greater portion of the abdomen.
The type was described and figured as having two black-
ish-piceous spots on the prothorax. I have only seen three
specimens with two isolated spots, and those were more
rounded than as figured for the type. Nine others have each
a very lage and more or less trapeziform blotch, but never
of exactly the same shape, and eight others have the pro-
thorax immaculate. On living specimens the elytra are of
a pale straw-colour, but after immersion in alcohol, or with
age, they become more or less castaneous. A specimen, in the
National Museum, Melbourne, has the whole of the upper-
surface opaque; but it has the appearance of a specimen that
was picked up dead after having been bleaching in the sun. The
long clothing is also considerably altered in appearance by
immersion in alcohol. The scutellum is sometimes entirely pale,
but usually has the basal portion black, and sometimes there is
a dark median line from the basal marking almost to the
apex. On specimens in perfect condition there are some fine,
short setz on the elytra, and still fewer on the prothorax,
but these are frequently absent from old or abraded specimens.
The length varies from 24 to 36 mm.
The female differs from the male in being somewhat
smaller, with the punctures, especially on the elytra, coarser..
The elytra cover more of the abdomen and the incurvature
of the sides behind the shoulders is less pronounced. The
pygidium is much smaller. The clothing of the under-surface
and pygidium is shorter and less dense. The abdomen is
evenly convex. The legs are distinctly shorter, the front tibie
are strongly tridentate externally, and the other tibie are
more conspicuously armed.
The species was referred originally to Diaphonia, but was
made the type of Hemichnoodes by Kraatz. Blackburn con-
sidered that it should have been left in Diaphonia, in which
I concur. The clypeus is certainly rather deeply notched, but
this character is not supported by others.
DIAPHONIA WITTEI, Schoch.
The description of the sculpture of this species reads very
well as if founded on a rather small male of mmiszechii, and
the colour, except the prothoracic markings, would fit several
specimens before me. The prothorax, however, is described as
having on the disc two black spots, and in front of same a
black H-shaped mark. But as the prothoracic markings of
mniszechi are very variable, it seems probable that witter
will prove to be simply a variety. More especially as the
186
pygidium and under-surface are described as being covered
with long greyish-yellow hairs.
DIAPHONIA SUTURATA, Nonfr.
In many respects the description of this species reads as
if it was founded upon a fairly common form of Ablacopus
trapezifer; but as the prothorax is described as “‘dense et
_ fortiter punctato,’’ presumably it is not that species. It is
to be noted, however, that the punctures of trapezifer vary
considerably in size and density, although the expression
quoted could not (in the dozens of specimens that I have
examined) be correctly applied to them.
DIAPHONIA CAROLI, new name.
frenchi, Lea; n. pr.
The name frencht having been previously used in the
genus by Schoch, I have to propose carol: as a substitute for
the species that I also named french.
A male from Cooktown, in Mr. French’s collection, has
the pygidium red, except for a medio-basal black triangle,
and an infuscate spot towards each side. It has also a small
reddish spot on the side of each shoulder.
DIAPHONIA PALMATA, Schaum.
PIP xa igs. eos a:
This species was originally referred to Schizorrhina, and
why it should have been transferred to Lyraphora is a mys-
tery. Its clypeus and mesosternal process are much as in
Diaphoma dorsalis, and it is certainly congeneric with that
species. The large basal marking on the elytra is somewhat
variable in its outlines, and the disconnected spots on each
elytron vary in number from one to three.
It has been recorded as occurring in Adelaide, but pro-
bably in error; specimens that I have seen are from New
South Wales and Queensland.
DIAPHONIA MELANOPYGA, Nn. Sp.
3. Black; prothorax (extreme base and apex and a
small spot on each side excepted), scutellum (sides excepted),
and elytra (suture excepted) of a rather light-castaneous.
Under-surface moderately clothed with ferruginous hairs, be-
coming darker on legs.
Head with dense and rather coarse punctures. Clypeus
moderately notched in front, tips and sides rounded ; punctures
coarser than on head. Club as long as clypeus is wide. Pro-
thorax rather convex, sides feebly decreasing in width from
187
base to middle, and then more strongly to apex; medio-basal
sinus shallow, about two-thirds the width of each of the lateral
ones; with small, scattered punctures, becoming rather coarse
on sides. Scwtellwm with scattered punctures. EHlytra not
much wider than prothorax, posthumeral incurvature mod-
erate, suture bimucronate at apex ; subsutural stria continuous
from apex to beyond the tip of scutellum ; with fairly nume-
rous punctures of moderate size, or small, becoming trans-
‘versely confluent in places. Pygidiwm densely, concentrically
strigose. Abdomen with a wide and rather shallow median
depression. Mesosternal process rather short, dilated from
base to apex, the apex almost twice as wide as the length
to suture. Front t2b1@ rather obtusely tridentate; middle
pair with a moderate transverse ridge and a smaller one near
base ; hind pair with two similar but more conspicuous ridges.
Length, 21-22 mm.
Hab.—South Australa (National Museum, Melbourne,
ironmesreneh), Ouldea (CR. f. Maurice). Type, 1. 1507, in
South Australian Museum.
In general appearance rather close to xanthopyga, but
pygidium entirely black, punctures much smaller, prothorax
of male with outlines as in female of that species, club inter-
mediate in size between that of its male and female, and
suture bimucronate at apex.
TAPINOSCHEMA DIGGLESI, Janson.
This species varies in length from 23 to 33 mm. The
type was evidently in poor condition, as the prothorax was
described as almost opaque, whereas it is normally quite as
polished as the elytra. It was also described as having the
“sides of the metathorax broadly reddish-brown.’’ But
seven specimens before me have the metasternum entirely
dark, only one having the episterna somewhat diluted with
red. The elytra vary from a bright purplish-blue to an
almost brassy-black. The male is widely but shallowly
depressed along the middle of the abdomen.
TAPINOSCHEMA IMPAR, Macl.
This species varies in size from 22 to 28 mm. The sutural
vitta also varies considerably in width, on some specimens
being very narrow and parallel with the suture, on others
wider but narrowing from near the base to the apex.
The prothoracic margins are sometimes narrowly black
throughout, sometimes only the base is black. Near each
-side, slightly in front of the middle, there is sometimes a,
small infuscate spot, or cluster of minute spots.
188
The male differs from the female in having the club of
the antenne much larger, abdomen much less strongly convex
along middle (but without a conspicuous median impression)
and tibial dentition not quite the same.
TAPINOSCHEMA LACUNOSA, Janson.
Bip aii, ties. BLA. alas.
The type of this species was described as a female, 10
lines in length and as from Western Australia. Each of its
four front tibiz were described as being armed with two ex-
ternal teeth, but in the figure (plate vii., fig. 3) three are
shown. .
A female from Tarcoola (South Australia), in Mr.
French’s collection, apparently belongs to the species. It is
entirely black, except for a slight-bluish gloss on the elytra,
and 10 lines in length. Its middle tibie are armed at the
tip with two strong blunt teeth (one of which should be re-
garded as external) and two long inner spurs; towards the
external base there are two teeth close together. The front
tibie are armed with three strong teeth, of which the front
one is more acute than the others, and slightly more distant
from the second than the latter is from the third.
METALLESTHES METALLESCENS, White.
var. unicolor, Macl.
This species is fairly common in many parts of South
and of Western Australia. In length it varies from 17 to 21
mm. The typical form is black, with a distinct coppery gloss,
but on many specimens the gloss is almost or quite absent,
and an occasional specimen has a bluish gloss.
Fresh specimens in good condition have the whole of the
upper-surface fairly densely clothed with rather long hair,
varying from ashen to sooty. But it appears to be easily
abraded, especially from the head and prothorax, so that these
sometimes are quite glabrous, or at least with very short sete
confined to the punctures, and not rising to the general level.
Sometimes the disc of the prothorax is glabrous and the sides
fairly densely clothed.
The male has a wide but rather shallow abdominal im-
pression. Its front tibis are strongly tridentate; the middle
tibie are acutely dentate at apex and obtusely near the base,
the hind ones are feebly dentate near the base and middle,
the teeth being invisible from certain directions. From some
directions the hind tibiz are seen to be quite regularly ser-
rated on the outer side, the serrations being due to numerous °
‘oblique impressions.
189
In the female the front tibie are still more strongly
tridentate,(*) the middle tibie are tridentate at apex, have
a strong tooth about the middle and a feeble one behind
same. They have also numerous oblique impressions but these
are somewhat different to those of the male, so that when
viewed from the sides the serrations are much less pronounced,
or appear as feeble undulations.
I cannot regard Schizorrhina unicolor, Macl., as more
than a slight variety of the species. Its type was evidently
an old female. Two females from King George Sound (from
the Macleay Museum) agree quite well with the description
and agree in all essential features with typical South Aus-
tralian females.
METALLESTHES SUBPILOSA, Nonfr.
The description of this species reads as if founded upon
an insect similar to nigrans and hirticeps, and so possibly it
should be transferred to Pseudoclithria.
PSEUDOCLITHRIA MASTERSI, Macl.
Mr. French has sent a Gayndah female of this species
for examination. Its elytra are almost entirely reddish
(slightly infuscated towards the suture), the antennz are also
reddish, and the femora are diluted with red. The front
tibie have a strong apical tooth and a median one almost as
strong ; the middle and hind tibiz are each transversely den-
tate at about the middle and one of the free spurs of the
hind pair is grooved throughout and inflated at the tip, some-
what as in fossor, although to a less extent. The conspicuous
tubercle on the forehead should prevent it from being con-
founded with any other species.-
PSEUDOCLITHRIA HIRTICEPS, Macl.
var. nigrans, Macl.
Pl. xiii., fig. 172.
The typical form of this species was described and figured
by Kraatz as Clithria bicostata; but he considered it possibly
the female of ewenemis; which most certainly it is not.
In making the species the type of Pseudoclithria, v.d.,
Poll described the front tibiz as unidentate in both sexes,
evidently not counting the apical tooth as a tooth (in this,
however, he has but followed many precedents), much as
some others count the elytral interstices as starting with the
second, instead of with the sutural one.
(41) The apical tooth in fresh specimens is much larger than
the others, but on many specimens it is broken off, or worn down,
so that it appears to be smaller than the one behind it.
190
PSEUDOCLITHRIA RUGOSA, Schaum.
Referred to Diaphonia (as a subgenus of Schizorrhina})
by Schaum, by Kraatz to Metallesthes. It is a short, compact
species that appears best placed with hirticeps, and so I refer
it to Pseudoclithria. The only specimens before me are two
males belonging to the National Museum, Melbourne, and
Mr. C. French.
PSEUDOCLITHRIA MAURA, Janson.
As noted by Janson this species is very closely related’
to rugosa, and I therefore refer it to Pseudoclithria. The only
specimens before me are two males from Western Australia
belonging to Mr. French and Mr. Griffith (the latter from
Perth).
PSEUDOCLITHRIA ADUSTA, Janson.
This species is also transferred to Pseudoclithria, as
Janson’s description renders it quite evident that it is, as
stated by him, closely allied to rugosa.
PSEUDOCLITHRIA RUFICORNIS, Westw.
PL. scx, tes: bys, 1742 iia:
Somewhat doubtfully I refer this species to Psewdoclithria
as its clypeus is not at all notched in front, and its front
tibie are usually tridentate in both sexes. By Westwood it
was referred to Diaphonia, and by Kraatz to Wetallesthes.
The upper-surface usually has a brassy-green gloss, but
occasionally the gloss is bluish. The elytra are usually as
dark or almost as dark as the prothorax, but occasionally
they are entirely of an almost brick-red colour, except for
a slight greenish gloss. One female in the South Australian
Museum has the elytra entirely red, and the base of the pro-
thorax partly diluted with red. On this female the submedian
teeth of the front tibie (fig. 175) are almost equal in size.
The front tibie are usually tridentate in boih sexes, the sub-
basal tooth being much smaller than the others (fig. 173).
One male in the South Australian Museum, however, has the
front tibiz bidentate only (fig. 174).
The male differs from the female in being smaller and
narrower, abdomen considerably smaller, slightly flattened’
along the middle, with its outline as seen from the side feebly
concave instead of convex, and with the club considerably
larger. |
A male from Kooringabie, in Mr. Griffith’s collection,
appears to represent an extreme variety. Its prothorax and
elytra are brick-red, with a slight bluish gloss, but the pro-
thorax has a fairly wide median dark vitta, interrupted just
before the base, and a small spot on each side slightly im
advance of the middle; the antennz (scape excepted), palpi,.
191
abdomen (tip excepted), and pygidium are also of a more
or less brick-red.
PSEUDOCLITHRIA DEJECTA, 0. sp.
Black, antennz and parts of legs diluted with red, elytra
more or less reddish towards sides, pygidium flavous, except
at base and apex. Densely clothed with greyish hairs, sparser
on elytra, abdomen, and pygidium than elsewhere.
Head with dense, normally-concealed punctures. Clypeus
feebly bilobed, sides and apex rather strongly upturned ; with
dense punctures. Club somewhat shorter than the width
across clypeus. .Prothorax about twice as wide at base as
at apex, sides but feebly undulated; median sinus not very
deep, about one-third the width of base, the others still
shallower ; with rather dense punctures, in ‘parts with a ten-
dency to become transversely confluent. Scwtel/wm with fairly
dense punctures. Hlytra short, posthumeral incurvature slight ;
with irregular punctures, in places transversely confluent, or
becoming strigze; interstices convex, suture and third more
noticeably so than others, second widest of all, the three or
four outer ones more or less irregular, and much interrupted
by punctures. Pygidium concentrically strigose, a fovea on
each side. Mesosternal process obtuse, not produced. Front
tibie strongly bidentate, and with a long spur; middle pair
with two strong apical teeth, and a strong subbasal one, and
with two long unequal spurs; hind pair with two apical teeth,
the inner triangular, the outer truncate at apex, towards base
with a dentiform ridge, apex with two long unequal teeth,
the longer one curved at apex. Length, 113-13 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia: Perth (C. French, K. 10394, of
Australian Museum, Sydney), Claremont (National Museum,
Melbourne). Type, oo 1937, in South Australian Museum.
A small species allied to rugosa and maura; from the
former distinguished by the uniformly black prothorax and
differently-coloured legs. From the latter, to which it is
close, by its less-rugose elytra, hairy head and prothorax,
clypeus more distinctly upturned in front, and by its pale
pygidium. The elytra are apparently coloured as in adusta,
but that species is described as having a very different pro-
thorax. The five specimens before me differ to a slight extent
in size, but are very similar in colouration, except that the
elytra are more conspicuously diluted with red on some than
‘on others; one of the National Museum (Melbourne) specimens
at first glance appears to have them black. They appear to be
all females. On specimens in perfect condition the prothorax is
‘quite densely clothed, but the hairs appear to be easily
abraded, so that the disc is sometimes glabrous. On several
192
there is a vague depression on each side of the disc of the
prothorax. On one the fovee on the pygidium are not
traceable.
PSEUDOCLITHRIA ANCHORALIS, 0. Sp.
3. Base of head (the rest flavous), middle of apex of
prothorax, and a median line (not quite extending to apex),
scutellum, suture, apex and apical sides of elytra, sterna (the
sides flavous), abdomen (the sides flavous), and legs (most of
hind femora flavous), black or blackish; pygidium flavous;
prothorax with the sides flavous, becoming red between same
and a black median line; elytra red between suture and sides ;
antenne and palpi of a dingy-red. Under-surface and legs
with long, straggling, brownish hairs.
Head with irregularly-distributed punctures of moderate
size. Clypeus obtusely bilobed in front, sides rounded,
margins not at all upturned. Club large, about the length
of head between eyes. Prothorar rather convex, latero-apical
incurvature slight, basal sinus shallow, about one-fourth the
width of base;. with fairly large, unevenly-distributed punc-
tures. Scutellum with rather sparse punctures, in two uneven
longitudinal series. Hlytra short, posthumeral incurvature
moderate; sides and apex with very irregular punctures and
strige intermixed, sutural interstice fairly wide at base, nar-
rowed and elevated posteriorly, each elytron with two con-
spicuously-elevated ridges, the first wider than the other, and
separated from it by two very irregular rows of punctures,
but joined with it posteriorly, between first and suture two
irregular rows of large punctures. Pygidiwm feebly concen-
trically strigose, with a distinct fovea on each side. MMeso-
sternal process obtuse, scarcely produced in front of coxe.
Abdomen shining, gently flattened along middle. Front tubhie
strongly bidentate, with a stout apical spur; middle pair bi-
dentate and bispinose at apex, about middle with a very
large tooth; hind pair bidentate at apex, the outer tooth
truncate, about middle with an obliqe dentiform ridge, and
some smaller ones towards base, apex with two large unequal
spurs. Length, 114 mm.
Hab.—South Australia: Tarcoola. Type in C. French’s
collection.
Allied to ruficorms, but very differently coloured, clypeus
without upturned margins, and front tibize acutely bidentate.
The black markings on the upper-surface are shaped much
like an anchor. The sides of the elytra are blackish about
the apex, but towards the base become dark-red, the space
between same and suture is of the same shade of red as most
of the prothorax. There is an irregular infuscate spot on
each side of prothorax, somewhat in advance of the middle.
193
PSEUDOCLITHRIA KERSHAWI, N. Sp.
Peo. ig... 176.
3d. Black; prothorax (middle of apex and of base ex- -
cepted) and elytra (suture and apex excepted) reddish-flavous,
pygidium somewhat paler, antenne and some marginal spots
of abdomen obscurely diluted with red. Legs and under-
surface with blackish hairs.
Head, except at base, with deep and not very small,
clearly-defined punctures. Clypeus with margins considerably
elevated obliquely, front obtusely bilobed, sides rounded ;
punctures more irregular than on front of head. Club large,
almost the width of head across eyes. Prothoraz rather lightly
tramsverse, sides feebly incurved towards base and apex,
median sinus small, the lateral ones wide, oblique, and very
feebly incurved ; with rather large and dense punctures, be-
coming smaller and sparser about middle and base. Scutellum
with irregularly-distributed punctures. SHlytra moderately
long, posthumeral incurvature moderate, with a fairly wide
and moderately-elevated ridge about one-third from suture,
but disappearing posteriorly ; with dense, coarse, and irregular
punctures, becoming smaller about apex, and transversely
confluent towards sides. Pygiduum moderately concentrically
strigose. Mesosternal process short and obtuse. Abdomen
shallowly depressed along middle. Front tebie strongly bi-
dentate, with a feeble tooth near base, apical spur rather
stout and short; middle pair bidentate and unequally bi-
spinose at apex, rather strongly dentate slightly behind the
middle ; hind pair unequally tridentate at apex, about middle
with a transverse ridge and a smaller one near base, apex
with two long unequal spurs, the smaller one acute, the other
parallel-sided, with the apex truncate. Length, 15 mm.
Hab.—South Australia. Type in National Museum,
Melbourne, from C. French.
Allied to ruficornis, but clypeus bilobed. The colour is
also very different to the normal form of that species.
PSEUDOCLITHRIA ERYTHROPTERA, N. Sp.
Plo mites 177. ki 8.
3. Black; elytra of a brick-red, suture and sides nar-
rowly of a darker-red, pygidium and marginal spots of ab-
domen flavous. Legs and under-surface in parts densely
clothed with long pale hairs.
Head with dense and rather small punctures, but base
impunctate. Clypeus with thick, moderately-upturned mar-
gins, feebly bilobed in front, the sides parallel, punctures
somewhat as on head; suture with same traceable only on
H
194
sides. Club not very large, about the width of clypeus.
Prothorax moderately transverse, latero-apical incurvature
slight, latero-basal very feeble ; median sinus moderately deep,
about one-fifth the width of base, the lateral ones shallower
and somewhat oblique; punctures dense, but not very large,
in places transversely confluent. Scutellum with larger but
sparser punctures than on prothorax. EHlytra short, post-
humeral incurvature moderate, with a distinct but rather
narrow and feebly-elevated ridge one-third from suture, and
disappearing posteriorly ; with dense, coarse, and irregular
punctures, becoming transversely confluent towards sides.
Pygidium concentrically strigose, with a fovea on each
side. MJesosternal process short and obtuse. Abdomen some-
what flattened along middle. Front tzb:@ obtusely bidentate,
with a short stout spur; middle pair bidentate and unequally
bispinose at apex, towards base with a strong semidouble
tooth ; hind pair with a triangular tooth and a truncated one,
and with two long acute unequal spurs at apex, with an
oblique dentiform ridge at middle, and a less-distinct one
towards base. Length, 17 mm.
Hab.—North-western Australia: Shark Bay. Type in
National Museum, Melbourne, from C. French.
Allied to the preceding species, but more robust, pro-
thorax entirely black, front tibie differently armed, spurs of
hind tibiz simple, and club much smaller, etc.
PSEUDOCLITHREA FOSSOR, 0. Sp.
Joi hin, tires, IS) ike.0, «Ikeil,
@. Black with a slight bronzy or bronzy-green gloss,
inner half of two apical-joints of club bright-red. Under-
surface and legs with rather short brownish or greyish hairs,
becoming still shorter on pygidium.
Head rather strongly convex in middle, with deep punc-
tures of irregular size and distribution. Clypeus with rather
strongly turned-up margins, apex widely rounded, sides de-
creasing in width to base; punctures larger but shallower
than on head, suture traceable only at sides. Club much
shorter than width of clypeus. Prothorax feebly transverse,
sides strongly rounded towards apex, apex distinctly incurved
to middle; median sinus shallow, about one-fifth the width
of base, the lateral one somewhat oblique and very feebly in-
curved; with dense punctures of moderate size, becoming
coarser and transversely confluent on sides, and almost absent
from a narrow median line. Scutellum with two irregular
series of punctures. H/ytra moderately long ; posthumeral in-
curvature feeble ; with very dense, coarse, and irregular punc-
tures, but leaving five almost impunctate ridges on each
195
elytron. Pygidiuwm densely, subconcentrically strigose. Meso-
sternal process short and obtuse. Abdomen strongly convex
in middle. Front tbie strongly tridentate and with a strong
apical spur; middle tibie strongly bidentate and strongly bi-
spinose at apex, with a strong median tooth and a smaller
basal one; hind pair tridentate and with two very unequal
spurs at apex, near middle acutely dentate, and with (or with-
out) a smaller tooth towards base. Length, 18-185 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia: Mullewa (Miss J. F. May).
At first glance something like large, strongly-sculptured
specimens of ruficormis, but the spurs of the hind tibie readily
distinguish from that and from all other species of Australian
Cetomdes; the smaller one is stout, obtuse, almost parallel-
sided and slightly longer than the basal-joint of tarsi; the
other is slightly longer than the two basal-joints, scarcely
wider than the other at the base, but dilated to apex, which
is widely rounded. It is convex outwardly and concave, with
a finely-granulated appearance, inwardly. They are evidently
used as spades, as there was a considerable amount of earth
on them when captured. From most directions the clypeus
appears to be entire in front, but from others it is seen to
be very feebly bilobed. The tridentate front tibiz are aberrant
for the genus, but the species is quite evidently allied to rufi-
corms. ‘There are a few short hairs towards apex of elytra,
but they could be easily overlooked. The sharply-contrasted
colours of the club are alike on the types. The ridges on
each elytron are as follows:—A sutural one (narrowly but
distinctly separated from its fellow), the next (and most dis-
tinct one) commences near base, and is obscurely joined with
the others to form a preapical callus, then there is a less-
distinct one, followed by a short feeble one, and finally a
moderately-distinct one. On the types the strige of the
pygidium do not circle round a small central space as on
most species, but the very tip of the pygidium appears to be
the hub, so that the broken rings appear to be cut off, as it
were, by the hind margin.
A badly-broken male (I obtained it with some fragments
of other rare beetles from a spider’s nest at Mullewa), pro-
bably belongs to this species, but differs in being much smaller
(144 mm.) with a conspicuous bluish gloss on the head, pro-
thorax, and scutellum, and a purplish gloss on the under-
surface and legs. Its antennz are missing, and most of the
legs are damaged. ‘The front tibie are tridentate, with the
basal tooth very small, the middle pair are much as in the
female, and the hind pair have one tooth about the middle,
as on one of the females, but there are some small denticu-
lations towards the base; at the apex only one spur is left
H2
196
on each, and that is long and acute, very different to either
of those on the female. The abdomen is gently depressed
along the middle, and the pygidium is normally strigose.
LENOSOMA FULGENS, Macl.
var. viridicupreum, Macl.
The type of fulgens was described as viridi-cupreous, with
under-surface greener than upper, and the tibie and tarsi
piceous. No mention was made of the prothoracic impressions.
In describing viridicupreum Macleay stated that its sculpture
“Is the same as in fulgens, but it differs from it in being of
a broader form and very different colour.’’ But I cannot
regard it as more than a variety of fulgens. The female is
certainly considerably wider than the male, and usually longer,
and the colour is not alike on any of the five specimens before
me. The colours of the under-surface and legs vary to a certain
extent, but less notably so than on the upper-surface.
On one male the upper-surface is uniformly brassy, ex-
cept that the suture and sides in some lights have a slight
greenish gloss.
Another male has the upper-surface not quite so bright,
and the elytra conspicuously darker than the prothorax, ap-
pearing in fact almost black, with a brassy gloss, more pro-
nounced towards the apex than elsewhere.
On one female the entire upper-surface is of a brassy-
green, but the head and prothorax in some lights are more
brassy than green.
A female, in the National Museum, Melbourne, is purplish-
blue, in places purplish-green. Seen from behind every part of
its upper-surface appears to be of a deep-purple, but from
directly above the head and prothorax appear to be deep
metallic-green, changing with the point of view through blue
to purple.
Another female, in the same Museum, is ef a brilliant
golden-red, uniform on the head and prothorax (except that
the sides of the latter in some lights have a slight brassy-
green gloss), but the elytra in places have a brassy-green gloss,
in places changing to purplish-bronze, or purple, or blue.
This specimen is unfortunately almost legless, but it is one
of the finest Cetonias I have ever seen.
Mr. R. E. Turner informs me that he has seen the species
in abundance in certain seasons on a common shrub with clus-
ters of small white flowers at the edge of the scrub at Mackay.
The various colour varieties are seen freely mating ; the green
form is the prevalent one, but the bronze one is fairly plenti-
ful, and the dark-blue form is the rarest.
197
LENOSOMA FASCICULATUM, Macl.
Mr. Tillyard has taken numerous specimens of this fine
species at Dorrigo. The male differs from the female in being
somewhat narrower, club of antenne considerably larger, ab-
domen depressed along middle, and front tibiz less-acutely
dentate. Both sexes have the fifth abdominal segment more
conspicuously clothed than the others. The colour of the
prothoracic clothing varies from testaceous to black.
GLYCYPHANA BRUNNIPES, Kirby.
Pl. xii., figs. 111, 112, 113.
New South Wales specimens of this species are usually
of a decided green colour, with the white spots on the elytra
of small size and isolated. Queensland specimens usually have
the green much dingier (more of an olive-green or even brown) ;
the elytral spots enlarged in size and irregularly conjoined to
form an irregular postmedian fascia. On the prothorax the
discal spots are two or four in number, but sometimes alto-
gether absent. On one (from Cairns) the white line at each
side of the prothorax is reduced to a small apical spot; on
another specimen to a small apical and a small median spot.
The markings on the head, pygidium, and under-surface are
also variable.
GLYCYPHANA PULCHRA, Macl.
subdepressa, Blackb.
Pl. xii., figs. 114, 124, 195.
There are four co-types of pulchra before me, and another
specimen from Cairns; and the markings are not exactly alike
on any two of these. On each elytron the median fascia is
broken up into two or more spots. The apical fascia (2) is
sometimes represented by a few feeble spots only. Towards
the base there are sometimes a few feeble spots. The spots
on the under-surface also vary considerably. |
I examined the type of swbdepressa, prior to its being
sent to the British Museum, and noted it as being a quite
normal specimen of pulchra.
GLYCYPHANA OCHREONOTATA, N. sp.
Piva ine: 8:
do. Deep velvety-black. Sides of prothorax, upper in-
terior sides of scapule, an oblique vitta from each shoulder
to near the middle, sides near the posthumeral incurvature,
an interrupted postmedian fascia on elytra, and a large trans-
verse spot on each side of pygidium ochreous; a spot on each
hind coxa, and a narrow strip at the side of each abdominal
segment ochreous-white.
(42) Not mentioned in the original description.
198
HTead convex ; with fairly large punctures. Clypeus shin
ing; with dense punctures, becoming smaller in front; apex
obtusely notched, the tips lightly elevated. Club slightly
longer than eye. Prothorax moderately transverse, sides
strongly rounded, diminishing in width to apex, middle of
base obtusely incurved ; with fairly large, shallow punctures.
Scutellum elongate, with a few punctures. SHlytra across
shoulders distinctly wider than prothorax, sides at base some-
what excavated for reception of scapule, posthumeral incurva-
ture rather strong, sides thence feebly diminishing in width
to apex, which is widely and evenly rounded; narrowly and
irregularly striated, and with irregular rows of punctures on
sutural half of each elytron, sides with irregular punctures,
but posteriorly and about apex rather coarsely strigose ; third
and fifth interstices obtusely elevated beyond the middle.
Pygidium transversely strigose. Abdomen strongly convex
along middle. Front izbie tridentate, the two apical teeth
acute and rather large, the other smaller and more obtuse,
the other tibiz bispinose and tridentate at apex, and acutely
dentate in middle. Length (¢, 9), 14-144 mm.
@. Differs in having the pygidium much more trans-
verse, and the abdomen wider and less convex.
Hab.—Queensland: Coen River (W. D. Dodd). Type,
IT. 2250, in South Australian Museum.
The outlines are much as in pulchra, but readily distin-
guished from that species by the oblique humeral markings,
which are pale portions of the derm itself, although in parts
covered with an indumentum; but the other markings appear
to be composed entirely of indumentum; at least where I
have partially abraded them the derm beneath is black. Most
of the punctures on the prothorax and elytra, although fairly
large, appear to be partially obscured by a velvety indumen-
tum, each usually has a small central pit, but this is fre-
quently concealed.
PrRoTHTIA MANDARINEA, Weber.
Recorded by Blackburn as from Queensland, where it ap-
pears to be a fairly common species about Cairns, Townsville,
Brisbane, etc. Hockings stated that it “sometimes attacks
the hive bees here (Brisbane) in great numbers.” In Gem-
minger and Harold (p. 1327) it is referred to Cetonia, and
several synonyms and varieties are given.
PROTHTIA ADVENA, Janson.
In Masters’ Catalogue referred to Cetoma, without
authority for the transfer being noted. As Janson stated
that it was somewhat similar to mandarinea it appears better
99
to leave it in Protetia. Although mandarinea is variable in
its markings, I have seen no specimens of it that at all ap-
proach the description of the markings of advena.
MICROVALGUS.
In some respects this genus is a difficult one, and so far
as the females are concerned it seems to be impossible, with
several species, to denote characters by which they can be
correctly paired with their corresponding males. Even with
specimens before me which must be sexes, I have been com-
pelled to leave 62 females unmated. The males on the other
hand can usually be readily distinguished by peculiarities of
a large fovea, which is always present on the abdomen; and
a few species have distinctive characters on the pygidium.
Curiously enough, these characters are not mentioned in any
of the former descriptions. Specimens occur in abundance on
flowers in the Sydney district and elsewhere in Australia,
several specimens often mingling together on the flowers of
one shrub or tree, especially of Bursaria spinosa, so that speci-
mens taken on the same plant, or even on the same blossom,
are not necessarily conspecific.
The typical forms of several species are quite distinctively
coloured and clothed, so that it is quite easy to identify them,
but most species appear to have colour varieties strongly re-
sembling the normal forms of other species, from which, how-
ever, their males may be at once distinguished by the abdomen
or pygidium.
So far as the previously-named species are concerned there
are fortunately before me co-types of Macleay’s two species ;
and a female bearing the late Rev. T. Blackburn’s name label,
scutellaris.‘) Before the types of his species (each of which
was a female) were sent to the British Museum I also examined
them.
The species in general appearance and sculpture have so
much in common that it appears desirable to give details in
which they all agree, and then to give under the species the
distinctive features of each. The following particulars, there-
fore, may be regarded as common to all, with the exception
of guinquedentatus, which is described at greater length.
3. Head moderately long, flattened, with dense punc-
tures. Clypeus feebly notched at apex. Club rather large.
Prothorax with front angles produced and embracing head,
base widely rounded; with dense, partially-concealed punc-
tures. Scutellum triangular. H#lytra not much but distinctly
(43) It is not marked as a co-type, but evidently is such, and
agrees fairly well with the description.
200
wider than prothorax, shoulders rounded, each widely rounded
at apex; striate-punctate, punctures partially concealed, in-
terstices mostly flat or but feebly rounded, with small and
usually concealed punctures. Propygidium large, with dense,
more or less concealed punctures, each hind angle with a small
but distinct tubercle. Pygidium large, about as long as wide, or
lightly transverse, punctures as on propygidium. J/fesosternal
process wide, truncate in front, rounded behind. Metasternum
concave posteriorly. Abdomen elevated posteriorly, with a
large median excavation or fovea. Legs long ; front tibie with
three distinct teeth, hind pair stout, suddenly narrowed to
base, apex with two unequal spurs; front tarsi not very long,.
middle moderately long, hind very long, with basal-joint dis-
tinctly longer than second.
Q. Differs in having the prothorax somewhat shorter,
with the sides more distinctly rounded, propy- and pygidium
larger and projecting to a greater length beyond the elytra,
metasternum gently flattened in the middle, abdomen strongly
convex throughout, and legs shorter.
The ana Bee larger on some species than on others,
but they are usually so obscured by scales that they cannot
be usefully employed. Where the surface has been abraded they
are seen to be rather wide, more or less circular, and shallow;
on the elytra they usually appear like partially-connected
rings. Although the clypeus is always feebly notched at the
apex, from most directions it appears to be gently rounded
there. The sizes of the lateral tubercles on the propygidium
vary, and on some specimens they are longer and less distinct
than on others, but their differences are only of degree, and
their size is hable to apparent variation on abrasion, so that
they cannot be relied upon as distinguishing features. Of
the three large teeth on the front tibize the two hinder ones
project outwards at almost right angles to the tibie them-
selves, the apical one is at the usual angle; between the teeth
there are usually feebly-rounded spaces, which sometimes as-
sume the appearance of feeble teeth.
The following table is of males only, consequently scutel-
laris and quinquedentatus and the species unknown to myself
are omitted from it : —
A. Pygidium mucronate.
a. Almost entirely glabrous ...... ... glaber
aa. More or less densely sauamnor
be) Hiytra black: 2 mucronatus
bb. Elytra reddish, the mar coins some-
times excepted.
c. With a transverse fasciculate
ridge near apes °% abdominal
fovea : Oy ean Calls
cc. Without such a ridge we ee 6Castaneitpennis
201
AA. Pygidium not mucronate.
B. Abdomen with conspicuous trans-
verse fascicles near base ... squamiventris
BB. Abdomen without any such fascicles.
C. (44) Abdominal fovea a circular
depression, without oblique, trans-
verse, or curved ridges.
d. Elytra Mitel tie) Bore lige) lace) NIGTINUS
dd. Elytra Req:.2.- .. Tufipennis
CC. Abdominal fovea not as in x03
D. Fovea not abruptly terminated
at base of apical segment ... bursarie
DD. (45) Fovea abruptly terminated
there.
E. Prothorax black.
e. Apex of fovea with con-
spicuous, ue ferruginous
hairs .. fasciculatus
. Apex not so clothed . .. agans
EE. “Prothorax not black.
F. Prothorax infuscate ... dubius
FF. Prothorax no darker than
@lyttace. 4s ; nigriceps
MICROVALGUS LAPEYROUSEI, G. et P.
Some years ago, the late Rev. T. Blackburn identified
some females from Galston as lapeyrouserx. There are now
ten Galston females from his own collection, and three from
mine, bearing his name label, but these probably belong to
_ at least two species.(4) Not one of them agrees with the fol-
lowing particulars in the description given by Burmeister : (47)
“Fuscus, elytris tibiisque rufescentibus; supra dense fulvo-
squamosus,” and “Under-surface blackish-brown, more sparsely
clothed with scales’’ ; nor with his own remarks on the species
when commenting on the genus: “Lapeyrousei, characterized
as a dark-brown species with reddish elytra and tibie, and
underside blackish.” As the prothorax is no darker than the
elytra, and on the under-surface only the meso- and meta-
sternum are dark, and the legs are uniformly reddish; the
scales also are entirely white or whitish and are denser on the
under- than on the upper-surface.
(44)In these species the hina bdo fe the fovea, seen directly
from behind, appears as a transverse ridge, but this is really the
tip of the segment, not a specially elevated ridge.
(45) The base of the abdomen is depressed in all species, but in
these the apical segment has a large fovea, which is separately
concave, ete and conspicuously terminated in a straight line
at the bas
(46) Ka of which is almost certainly castaneipennis.
(47) Apparently the only description he had seen.
202
I have seen no specimen that agrees at all well with the
description. Some unplaced females from Jenolan, an un-
placed female, without locality label, in Mr. Griffith’s col-
lection, some females of bursarie, and some males of dubius,
certainly have the prothorax darker than the elytra, and one
of the Jenolan specimens has the abdomen almost as dark as
the metasternum, but the tibie are uniform in colour with
the rest of the legs and all the scales are white or whitish.
An occasional male of castanerpennis agrees passably well with
the colours, except of the legs, but has scales uniformly pale
and much denser on the under- than on the upper-surface.
But Burmeister quite probably had another species under
examination, as in the original description the colours and
clothing are given as follows:—‘Téte, corselet, parties in-
férieures du corps,‘%) plaque anale, noires lisses; élytres
brunes; tout le corps est parseme d’ecailles jaunatres.’’ (49)
The original figure is quite useless, and the original descrip-
tion would fit the males of the following species more or less
well: —Avypicalis, bursarie, castanerpeniis, dubius, fascicu-
latus, rufipennis, and vagans. On the whole it would appear
to be unsafe to identify the species without additional particu-
lars, and especially, if the type is a male, of the abdomen
and pygidium.
MIcROVALGUS SCUTELLARIS, Blackb.
Four females appear to belong to this species. One of
these is the specimen from the collection of the late Rev. T.
Blackburn previously commented upon. Its prothorax, instead
of having dark spots, as in the description, has a dark semi-
circle across the apical half, with the convex side in front.
Another from his collection, without a label of any kind and
previously mixed with some unsorted specimens, has eight
small and obscure spots. A specimen from Forest Reefs has
six, and one from Jenolan has but two.
All these specimens have the scutellum densely clothed
with whitish scales, and with sooty ones intermingled with
the others on the prothorax and elytra. On the py- and propy-
gidium the scales are dense, mostly pale but with four irregu-
lar clusters of sooty ones.
The male, as such, is unknown, and it would be unwise
to recognize any specimen as a male of the species, unless it
was actually taken coupling with a typical female.
(48) These would appear to include the legs whose colours are
not separately mentioned.
(49) In a preliminary diagnosis (. 47) they are given as ‘‘ater,
luteo-squamosus; elytris prunneis.’
(50) From the description of its colours it would appear to be
a male.
203
MICROVALGUS YILGARNENSIS, Blackb.
Prior to the type of this species being sent to the British
Museum I carefully examined it, but was unable to find any
specimen that agreed exactly with it, although it appeared
close to many, and closest of all to a small female of dubius,
from which, however, it differed to a certain extent in colour
and clothing. The front angles of its prothorax, upon which
much stress was laid in the description, are much the same
as in other species of the genus; in all they are strongly pro-
jecting, but are normally indistinct to the naked eye, owing
to juxtaposition with the head; but if this is more depressed
than usual they stand out prominently.
The species, of course, as are so many of the genus, may
be a widely-distributed one, but until a male has been de-
scribed from Yilgarn or a nearby locality, 1t would be unsafe
to identify even females, other than from Western Australia,
as belonging to it.
MiIcROVALGUS, sp.
A species of the genus occurs in South Australia, but the
only specimens of it before me are a female from Mylor (be-
longing to Mr. Griffith), and another from Mount Lofty (from
Mr. 8. H. Curnow) ; and these agree with the females of so
many species that it would be unsafe to assign them to any
one. They are of a rather dingy red, with the head (except
in front), meso- and metasternum black; and rather sparsely
clothed. The Mount Lofty specimen has some very obscure
dark spots on the prothorax, and a few sooty scales forming
four extremely feeble spots on the py- and propygidium, so
that, to a certain extent, it resembles scutellaris, although it
probably does not belong to that species.
MICROVALGUS CASTANEIPENNIS, Macl.
Pl. xiii., fig. 190.
6. Black; elytra and tip of scutellum castaneous, legs
of a dull-red, sometimes blackish. Moderately densely clothed
(in series on the elytra) with white or stramineous scales,
denser on scutellum, propy- and pygidium than elsewhere.
Pygidium with a small subtriangular process, projecting
distinctly backwards. Abdomen with a wide depression along
middle. Length, 22-34 mm. ;
@. Differs in being larger (34-4 mm.) with only the head
black (the muzzle paler) but usually the meso- and meta-
sternum are black or infuscate ; pygidium not produced back-
wards at apex, and abdomen strongly and evenly convex.
Hab.—Queensland: Gayndah, Dalby; New South Wales:
Tamworth, Forest Reefs, Wollongong, Jenolan, National Park,
Galston, Sydney, Queanbeyan.
204
Very distinct from most species of the genus by the con-
spicuously-mucronate pygidium of the male. On the male
the abdomen is longitudinally depressed from base to apex,
and is terminated by a conspicuously-elevated and almost
spiniform process ; at a glance this appears to be the projecting
tip of the penis-sheath, but when it can be clearly viewed
from behind it is seen to be attached to the derm, and not
to proceed from the anal opening. It appears to be composed
of compacted sete, and is sometimes bifid; its occasional ab-
sence appears to be due to abrasion. The depression is some-
times clothed throughout its length, but is usually partly
glabrous. The elytra of the male are usually of one shade
of colour throughout, but occasionally are darker on the sides.
His prothorax is occasionally diluted with red at the sides
and base; and his legs vary from a rather dingy red to quite
black, with the exception of the claws and tibial spurs.
Usually the smaller specimens of both sexes have the lateral
tubercles of the propygidium more distinct, and the smaller
males have the apical mucro more conspicuous, than on the
larger specimens. A co-type male, and some specimens from
Tamworth, have the prothorax almost as long as wide, with
almost parallel sides, but on most specimens it is more trans-
verse, and the sides are evenly rounded. ‘Two females,
mounted on the same card as the co-type male, have the meta-
sternum but little darker than the abdomen, but on the others.
it is almost black, or at least infuscate.
MICROVALGUS APICALIS, N. sp.
3. Black, elytra almost flavous, but slightly darker at
sides, tip of scutellum and parts of legs obscurely diluted with
red, moderately clothed with rather thin, whitish scales,.
stouter and denser on propy- and pygidium than elsewhere,
and seriate on elytra.
Prothoraz almost as long as wide, sides gently rounded.
Pygidium with a stout process projected backwards at tip.
Abdomen with a wide longitudinal depression, deeper on apical
segment than elsewhere, near its apex a transverse ridge
crowned with ferruginous hairs, becoming fasciculate on sides.
Length, 34-34 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: National Park, Galston (A. M.
Lea).
yeas close to the preceding species, but the mucro
stouter, and abdominal fovea with a transverse ridge crowned
with ferruginous hairs. On one specimen the mucro is trun-
cate at its tip, on the other it is widely triangular; but as
in all other characters they agree they would appear to be
conspecific. |
205
I have not ventured to identify the female of this species,
of vagans, fasciculatus, or of nigriceps, amongst the many
unplaced females under examination.
MICROVALGUS MUCRONATUS, Nl. sp.
36. Black. Clothed with white or whitish scales, dense
on scutellum, propy- and pygidium, and on under-surface,
sparser elsewhere, and on prothorax and elytra mixed with
sooty ones.
Prothorar quite as long as wide, sides almost parallel.
Pygidium with a triangular process projected backwards at
tip. Abdomen with a wide and rather shallow depression,
across the apex of same with a feeble curved process, crowned
with short ferruginous sete, oui paler and subfascicu-
late on sides. Length, 24 23 m
Hab.—North Queensland id Mackay (Blackburn’s col-
lection), Coen (H. Hacker), Cairns (E. Allen). Type, I.
2229, in South Australian Museum.
With a mucronate pygidium as in the two preceding
species, but elytra black, and abdominal depression different
at apex. From the other black species it is readily dis-
tinguished by the pygidium. The spurs to the hind tibiz are
rather shorter than usual. The sooty scales on the upper-
surface appear almost white from certain directions. On some
specimens the tarsi are reddish. The specimen from Mackay
is less densely clothed than the others, but appears to have
been partly abraded. |
The only specimen before me which with some confidence
may be identified as a female of the species is from Cairns,
and differs from the males in having the abdomen (basal
segments infuscated), propy- and pygidium of a rather pale
red, with the scales of a rather dark stramineous, and on the
propygidium mixed with a few sooty ones, the legs diluted
with red, and the pygidium and abdomen simple.
MICROVALGUS GLABER, N. sp.
3d. Of a dark livid-brown, head and prothorax blackish.
Glabrous except for a few scattered scales about tip of
abdomen and on sides of suture.
Head with feeble punctures. Prothorax about as long
as wide, with a small depression near the middle of each side;
punctures very shallow. EHlytra with feeble punctures and
strie. Pygidiwm obtusely mucronate at tip. Abdomen widely
and shallowly depressed along middle, the depression at apex
with a transverse space clothed with short sete. Length,
23-31 mm.
206
Q. Differs in having the propy- and pygidium larger
and paler and the abdomen and pygidium simple.
Hab.—New South Wales: Galston (D. Dumbrell),
Sydney (A. M. Lea).
Had I seen but one specimen of this species it would
probably have been considered as in some way damaged, or
possibly as abraded and immature; but as there are two of
each sex before me, with the same curiously livid colour, and
almost entirely glabrous surface, it appears desirable to name
them. The apical mucre is wider and shorter than in the
other species so armed, but it is quite distinct from the side.
MiIcROVALGUS SQUAMIVENTRIS, Nn. Sp.
3. Black. Clothed with sooty scales, with a few white
ones interspersed, but white ones dense on scutellum, forming
a spot on each side of propygidium, and dense on parts of
under-surface.
Prothoraz about as long as wide. Abdomen with a wide
and rather shallow fovea on apical segment, at the sides of
and behind same a few long whitish scales, but on the three
segments before it there are numerous long erect scales, form-
ing loosely compacted fascicles. Length (3d, 9), 4-45 mm.
Differs in having the abdomen regularly convex,
with normally-adpressed scales.
Hab.—New South Wales: Wollongong (A. M. Lea);
Victoria: Dividing Range, Bright (Blackburn’s collection),
Warragul (J. C. Goudie). Type, I. 2227, in South Aus-
tralian Museum.
A black species, at first sight apparently belonging to
migrinus, but the males readily distinguished by the fascicles
of erect scales anterior to the fovea. One of the males has
five teeth to each of the front tibize, the second and fourth
being smaller than the others, but its abdomen is the same
as those of the other males. Hach of the three specimens
that I have identified as a female is without a line of white
scales along the middle of the py- and propygidium, such as
is usually present on the female of nigrinus, but many females
of that species are also without such a line.
On this and all the following species the pygidium is
without an apical mucro.
MIcROVALGUS NIGRINUS, Macl.
3. Black. Clothing of upper-surface and sterna much
as on preceding species.
Abdomen with rather dense white scales, nowhere elevated
or fasciculate; apical segment with an almost perfectly cir-
cular, glabrous, and rather shallow fovea. Length, 34-35 mm.
207
Q. Differs in being larger (34-44 mm.), with the legs
obscurely reddish, and abdomen strongly and evenly convex.
Hab.—Queensland: Gayndah; New South Wales: Tam-
worth, Blue Mountains, Jenolan, Wollongong, National
Park, Galston, Sydney, Bombala; Victoria: Grampians.
In general appearance close to the preceding species, but
the males easily distinguished by the abdominal clothing. I
cannot, however, find any structural details by which the
females of the two species may be distinguished. The male
has really a fairly wide depression along the whole of the
abdomen, but on the apical segment there is a large and cir-
cular clabrous space, with distinct punctures, which appears
as an isolated fovea; the scales surrounding it are perhaps a
trifle denser than elsewhere, but they are not-at all raised
or fasciculate, nor are there any elevated processes, within or
at the sides of the fovea. Some of the scales are of a snowy-
whiteness on some specimens, but they are usually stram-
ineous. To the naked eye the scutellum usually appears as a
conspicuous, white, central spot, but on two cotypes (of which
there are six males before me) the scales there are sooty, but
they are matted together with gum, which often obscures
white scales. On the propygidium of the male there are nearly
always three distinct spots of pale scales, with a few sooty
ones between the spots; on the pygidium they are uniformly
whitish. But the pygidium of the female usually has some
sooty scales, with a median line of white ones. Some females
have the elytra and mesosternal process obscurely diluted with
red.
MIcCROVALGUS RUFIPENNIS, n. sp., or var. of megrinus.
3. Black; elytra and legs of a rather bright rusty-red.
Upper-surface with sooty scales, with a few whitish ones inter-
spersed, scutellum, propy- and pygidium and under-surface
(except abdominal fovea) with dense white or whitish scales.
Length, 3-34 mm.
Hab.—Australia (Blackburn’s collection); New South
Wales: Wollongong (A. M. Lea); Victoria: Gisborne (H. H.
D. Griffith). Type, I. 2228, in South Australian Museum.
The abdomen of the male is exactly as in megrinus, but
as the elytra and legs are conspicuously reddish, and the pro-
pygidium 1) and pygidium are uniformly clothed with pale
scales, I have ventured to describe it as new. There are gen-
erally a few white scales about the tip of the elytra.
A female, carded with two males, from Wollongong, pos-
sibly belongs to this species. Its prothorax is of a dull-red,
(51) On one of the five males before me the propygidium is feebly
trimaculate.
208
the propygidium has two wide spots of sooty scales posteriorly,
and the pygidium has two feeble spots of sooty scales, with the
paler ones (these are stramineous instead of white) appearing
to form an outer ring and a median line. It is much like
the specimen of scwtellaris, previously commented upon, but
is in much better condition. I have not ventured to associate
the males with that species, however, as the female may not
belong to it, and its identity with the present one is by no
means certain.
MICROVALGUS BURSARIA, N. sp.
3. Black, elytra castaneous, legs more or less reddish,
but the femora black or blackish. Moderately clothed with
white scales, seriate on elytra, denser on scutellum, propy-,
pygidium, and abdomen than elsewhere, and sometimes mixed
with a few sooty ones on prothorax.
Prothorax not much wider than long, sides moderately
rounded. Abdomen with a wide, rather shallow, longi-
tudinal, rather sparsely-clothed depression, each side of it
near, but not at apex, with a short oblique ridge. Length,
3-34 mm.
Q. Differs in being larger (4-44 mm.), only the head,
meso-, and metasternum black, and the abdomen simple.
Hab.—Tasmania (Australian Museum, Sydney, and F. M.
Littler): West Tamar, Launceston (Aug. Simson), Mole
Creek, on Bursaria spinosa (A. M. Lea); Victoria: Dividing
Range (Blackburn’s collection), Gisborne (H. H. D. Griffith) ;
New South Wales: Jindabyne (A. J. Coates), Jenolan
(J. C. Wiburd), Forest Reefs (Lea), Ben Lomond, 4,500 ft.
(A. J. Turner). Type, I. 98, in South Australian Museum.
In many respects close to the following species, but with
the abdominal depression of the male partly clothed right
along the middle and each side near apex with a short oblique
ridge within the depression, not marking the sides of same as
in that species. The two ridges are very short, and often
appear connected together as a short curved ridge, but this is
due to clothing somewhat obscuring their outlines, when they
have a fasciculate appearance. Seen from the side the out-
lines of the abdomen also seem different, and the ridge appears
like a short fascicle projected obliquely backwards. The colours
and clothing of both sexes are exactly like those of many
specimens of castanerpennis, but the pygidium of the male is
not mucronate, its tip on some specimens appears to be feebly
longitudinally carinate, but this appearance is never very dis-
tinct, and disappears on abrasion. Some males from Victoria
have the prothorax diluted with red in parts, and one has it
infuscated only; they have the legs entirely red, but the
209
abdomen and pygidium are normally dark. One male, how-
ever, is coloured exactly as are normal females. In the female
the prothorax is sometimes rather deeply infuscated, although
never black, but it usually is no darker than the elytra. The
legs of both sexes are sometimes entirely red, but in the male
the femora are nearly always black, the difference in colour
between the femora and tibize, however, is seldom very pro-
nounced. It is the only member of the subfamily known to
occur in Tasmania.
MICROVALGUS VAGANS, 0. sp.
PE san ies. 191s 192.
do. Black, elytra of a rather dingy red, usually with the
sides infuscated. Rather densely clothed with white or whitish
scales, seriate on elytra and denser on scutellum, propy- and
pygidium, abdomen (except in fovea) and sides of sterna than
elsewhere.
Prothorax almost as long as wide, sides feebly rounded.
Abdomen with a conspicuous fovea on apical segment.
Length, 23-23 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Dalby (Mrs. MHobler), Brisbane
(Macleay Museum), North Queensland (Blackburn’s collec-
tion); New South Wales: Jenolan (J. C. Wiburd), Blue
Mountains (H. W. Cox), Sydney (A, J. Coates), Galston (D.
Dumbrell & Sons), Tamworth, Wollongong, National Park,
Lawson, Queanbeyan (A. M.‘Lea). Type, I. 766, in South
Australian Museum.
The colour and clothing are exactly as in many specimens
of castaneipennis, but readily distinguished from that species
by the absence of a mucro to the pygidium, and by the
abdomen. The latter is depressed throughout the middle of
its length, but the apical segment has a wide median glabrous
excavation (in consequence appearing black), abruptly ter-
minated at its base, with the sides parallel for some distance,
and then margined by oblique ridges to the middle of the
apex, which is strongly incurved. Seen from the side each
ridge at its commencement appears to be supphed with a few
scales or a feeble fascicle, but these are not always present,
probably on account of abrasion. On an occasional specimen
there is a vague suggestion of a tip to the pygidium, but when
viewed from the side it disappears, whereas in castaneipennis
it is very distinct from the side.
Although there are sixty-six males of the species before
me, I can find no features by which females may be dis-
tinguished from females of castaneipennis, of the preceding,
or of the three following species.
210
var. OBSCURIPENNIS, ni. var.
Nine males appear to represent a variety of this species;
they differ in having the prothorax somewhat narrower, and
the elytra entirely black, or at least black feebly diluted with
red. The abdominal fovea is exactly as on normal males,
and by this the variety may be distinguished from negrinus
and squamiventris.
Hab.—North Queensland (Blackburn’s collection),
Cairns (E. Allen); New South Wales: Gosford (H. W. Cox),
Galston (D. Dumbrell & Sons), Sydney (A. J. Coates).
Meckoe ewe FASCICULATUS, ND. sp., or var. of vagans.
3. Black, elytra castaneous, sides infuscated. Clothing,
except of the abdomen, as in preceding species. Length,
24-3 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Jenolan (J. C. Wiburd),
Galston (A. M. Lea).
Close to the preceding species, but abdominal fovea
apparently much shorter, owing to its apical half being clothed
with ferruginous sete, and the sides, from the middle to
where they meet at the apex, marked with a conspicuous sem1-
circle of upright ferruginous hairs, condensed into a fascicle
on each side. Seven specimens agree in these details, but
it seems possible that they may eventually be found to repre-
sent but a variety of vagans. 'The tarsi are sometimes red-
dish, and sometimes other parts of the legs are diluted with
red.
MICROVALGUS DUBIUS, n. sp., or var. of vagans.
3. Head (muzzle excepted), meso- and metasternum
black, prothorax infuscated, elytra and legs reddish or
castaneous, propy- and pygidium, abdomen, and prosternum
varying from reddish to black, scutellum infuscated, the tip
paler. Clothing and shape, except of abdomen, much as.
these of vagans. Length, 23-3 mm.
Q. Differs in being entirely pale, except for most of
head, and the meso- and metasternum, which are black or
blackish ; the abdomen also is larger, and evenly convex.
Hab.—Victoria: Grampians (C. French).
Ten specimens, five of each sex, were given to me some
years ago by Mr. French. I cannot, however, distinguish
the females from those of several other species. Some males.
agree with Burmeister’s description of lapeyrousei, except
that the legs are uniformly coloured, instead of the tibie
being of different colour to those of other parts (as implied
in the description). The abdominal fovea is alike on all the
males, and is glabrous in front of the ridges, but wider than
211
in vagans, each ridge commences slightly behind the middle,
and is obliquely directed to a point slightly anterior to the
middle of the apex, but the two do not join; at its commence-
ment each is supplied with a small fascicle. The prothorax
also is not black as in vagans, although darker than the elytra.
The hind parts of the body are variable in colour.
MIcROVALGUS: NIGRICEPS, n. sp., or var. of vagans.
d. Black; muzzle, prothorax, scutellum, elytra, and
legs of a more or less bright castaneous. Shape and clothing
much as those of vagans. Length, 2%-3 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Dalby (Mrs. F. H. Hobler).
The abdominal fovea is somewhat like that of vagans,
and is exactly the same at base, but with its hind margins
rounded and not divided off from the outer parts by oblique
_ ridges, although when seen from the side there appears to be
a fascicle at the apex. From Obursarie it is also distinguished
by the abdominal fovea. The prothorax and scutellum, how-
ever, are of the same shade of colour as the elytra, whilst in
those species they appear to be always black, or. at least
much darker than the elytra. The fovea of the preceding
species, when viewed directly from above, appears con-
spicuously margined posteriorly, by an oblique ridge on each
side; on the present species when so viewed the ridges are
not traceable. ‘The colour is much like that of the females
_of castanevpenns, and of several other species, but the hind
parts of the body are black; the abdomen, however, is
obscurely diluted with red at the middie of the base.
A male from Sydney possibly belongs to this species,
but has the prothorax slightly infuscated 1n middle, and the
under-parts infuscated instead of black, with the prosternum
still paler.
MICROVALGUS QUINQUEDENTATUS, 0. sp.
@. Dark-brown, some parts almost black, legs somewhat
paler. Densely clothed with scales varying from almost white
to chocolate-brown.
Head with concealed punctures. Clypeus rather long,
moderately convex, apex narrowed and rounded; with dense,
distinct punctures. Prothorax almost as long as wide, sides
feebly decreasing in width from base to apex, but more
rounded in front, with the front angles rather feebly pro-
duced, sides shallowly depressed about middle, a feeble ridge
on each side of middle of apex, and an oblique one between
same and the side; punctures normally concealed. JLlytra
short, widely depressed along middle, the depression gradually
narrowed from base to apex, sides oblique and rounded, with
212
dense punctures. Propygidium wide, hind edge almost
straight, the outer angles tuberculate. Pygidium rather
strongly transverse, apex obtusely notched. Front tzb7e with
five strong teeth, hind tibiz with short spurs, the longer of
which is scarcely one-third the length of the following joint,
basal joint of each of the four hind tarsi twice the length
of the second. Length, 5 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cape York (W. D. Dodd and H.
Elgner). Type, I. 2226, in South Australian Museum.
There are only two females before me, but the species. ~
may be readily distinguished from all others from Australia
by its large size, distinctive clothing, and by several details
of sculpture. The scales on the head and prothorax have a
mottled appearance; on the elytra they are also mottled, but
each has a distinct pale spot slightly before the middle. On
the propy- and pygidium, under-surface, and legs the scales.
are mostly white or stramineous.
DOUBTFULLY OR WRONGLY RECORDED AS
AUSTRALIAN.
PANGLAPHYRA DUBOULAYI, Thoms.
(?) Schazorrhina ebenina, Butler.
PIS) xait,y miele 2e
This species was described by Thomson as from the
Solomon Islands and referred to Neophonia. Kraatz, in
making it the type of a new genus, stated that it also occurred
in Northern Australia.
In the late Rev. T. Blackburn’s copy of Masters’ Cata-
logue it is marked as a synonym of S. ebenina, but on what-
authority is not given.
There is a specimen in the Nationai Museum, Mel-.
bourne, labelled as P. duboulayt from Queensland and
from French’s collection. It appears to be _ correctly
named, but the clypeus is mostly flavous with a streak
extending back almost to the base of the head (the-
description says ‘‘caput rufo-ochraceo-maculatum’’). The
prothorax has a narrow, irregular, flavous streak on each
side of the apical two-thirds, just within the margin, instead
of being entirely black. The side-pieces of the meso- and
metasternum are almost wholly flavous, and the hind coxe
are flavous at the sides. The abdomen and pygidium have
flavous markings as in the description, but in addition the
under-parts and femora are in places diluted with red. The
specimen has a conspicuous longitudinal impression on the
abdomen, and so isa male. But its front tibiz are distinctly
bidentate (fig. 182), whereas Thomson says, “‘Tibiz antice
mas. inermes, foem. tridentate.’’ It measures 27 mm., but.
213
with the head more extended than it is at present would
quite equal the length (29 mm.) of the type.
The specimen agrees well with Butler’s figure of S.
ebenina (given as from an unknown locality in Oceania),
except as to the front tibie, which are figured as tridentate
(but they are almost certainly sexually variable). But ebenina
is described as being much larger (18 lines, or 38 mm.) and
entirely black.
The question as to whether ebenina and duboulayi are
synonymous (52) could not, of course, be decided from a speci-
men which does not agree exactiy with the description of either.
Moreover, it seems doubtful if the species really occurs in
Australia. Mr. French obtained the specimen from the late
Mr. F. H. du Boulay, and the latter certainly had specimens
of it from the Solomons.
SCHIZORRHINA EBENINA, Butler.)
I cannot find that this species has been recorded as Aus-
tralian, although it is so noted in the late Rev. T. Blackburn’s
copy of Masters’ Catalogue. See notes under preceding
species.
Dicrros 64 praciatus, Latr. ‘55)
This species was wrongly recorded as from New Holland.
In Gemminger and Harold’s Catalogue (p. 1281) it is recorded
from Timor, and placed as a synonym of AHeterorrhina
bicornis, Latr.
CETONIA FELINA, G. and P.(56)
Originally recorded as from New Holland, but Burmeister
stated that it was from Amboina. The figure is evidently of
a Glycyphana, but I have seen nothing at all approaching
it from Austraha.
GNATHOCERA DORSALIS, G. and P.(7)
Originally recorded as from New Holland, but Burmeister
stated that it was from Nepauls
LOMAPTERA AURATA, Gestro.
Described by Gestro as from Cornwallis or Tawan Island,
in Torres Straits, and in Masters’ Catalogue recorded as Aus-
tralian. I was unable to find the island marked on any
(52) If synonymous, ebenina has priority.
(53) Proc. Zool. Soc., 1865, 729, cum. fig.
(54) Sometimes written Dicheros.
(55) Dey. Cat. Col. (2nd edit.), p. 169.
(56) Mon. Cet., pp. 63 and 270, pl. lii., fig. 4; Burm., Handb&
ie; p. 195;
Gmrb ce. pp. 4// and? 80) piliaxiy, fig, 4; Burm’, .t.6:\p./226
214
map of the Torres Straits region, nor could I find any reference
to it, although there are several Cornwallis Islands elsewhere.
Mr. C. Hedley, however, informed me that it is a small
island a little west of Saibai, and close to the Papuan coast.
Unless evidence is forthcoming that the species occurs in
Queensland, or on some islands adjacent to same, it should
not, therfore, be regarded as Australian.
Gestro described the species as having a golden lustre,
but Schoch 8) stated that he could not perceive the same. (©
A female in Mr. French’s collection labelled as aurata
(apparently correctly so) is also without golden lustre, but in
some lights the surface (more especially at the sides) appears
to have a beautiful purplish lustre. Its pygidium is more
acutely pointed than in any known Australian species, except
the new one here described.
Genus and Species. ( ?)
A small (13 mm.) specimen in the National Museum is
labelled as from Queensland, but as I have seen no Australian
species at all close to it in structure, prefer to return it un-
named, as it may not be really Australian.
It has outlines somewhat as in Clithria eburneogutiata,
but has very small punctures, the elytra are transversely
strigose on the sides from the middle to the apex, round the
apex, and a short distance up the suture, where the strigze
become longitudinal. It is black, but with most of the under-
surface and the legs reddish; the clypeus is reddish, with two
black lines. The pygidium is mostly black; but reddish, with
black spots, on the lower-surface. The front tibie are armed
at the apex only, the others about the middle as well. The
mesosternal process 1s acute.
EXPLANATION OF PLATES.
Prate VI.
Lomaptera acanthopyga, Lea.
Dilochrosis rufolatera, Lea.
Ag walteri, Lea.
Eupecila evanescens, Lea.
Chlorobapta hirtipes, Lea.
Polystigma calopyga, Lea.
Lyraphora vittivaria, Lea.
Glycyphana ochreonotata, Lea.
(58) Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., x., p. 148.
(59) **‘Den Goldschimmer der griinen Farbe konnte ich nicht
wahrnehmen.’’
C2) ED ON CO
ie 00:
70.
215
Prats VII.
Markings of Upper-surface of—
Lomaptera duboulayi, Thoms.
at cinnamomea, Thoms.
9 290e 29
4 macrosticta, Lea.
2) 3) 29
hackert, Lea.
9 . . .
Dilochrosis browni, Kirby.
9) 39 3)
39 d9 oy)
. bakewellt, White.
os walteri, Lea.
Eupecila australasie, Don.
be) 2) 3)
” ‘ Reels)
unscripta, Janson.
3°
Polystigma octopun ctata, Burm.
oe) by) ‘ ”?
9) 2)5) bP)
9) 39 b)>)
Pruate VIII.
Markings of Upper-surface of—
29 to 40. Chlorobapta frontalis, Don.
41 to 48. Clithria eucnemis, Burm.
Puate IX.
Markings of Upper-surface of—
Clithria eucnemis, Burm.
>} 39 2)
Chlorobapta besti, Westw..
2? bP) ER)
Polystigma punctata, Don.
99 be) 39
>) 33 ne
Mg fe eee 2? 5B) Le
Schizorrhina atropunctata, Kirby.
39 op) >>)
39 = 3) 3)
Lyraphora obliquata, Westw.
be) 39 »)5)
33 3) 99
29 9
velutina, Macl.
>) 3) Pp)
53) >>) 99
3) >>) bs)
PuatTE X.
Markings of Upper-surface of—
Lyraphora bass, White.
we wittivaria, Lea.
i var. eericata, Tea.
216
. 71. Ablacopus trapezifer, Thoms.
HOR: a teniatus, Schoch.
73. My He 5
74. Fhe 33 93
75. 39 3) 9
76. Cacochroa decorticata, Macl.
ie 99 39 99
78. 99 3) b)
79. a variabilis, ve
80. 39 39 b}b)
81. 5) 2) 3) 99
82. hs » ”
83. 9 a9 99
84, oe » »
85. Diaphonia euclensis, Blackb.
86. in lateralis, ue
oC: Ks satelles,
88. oe) 9) 99
PuatE XI.
Markings of Upper-surface of—
89 to 94. Diaphona satelles, Blackb.
WS wo OY). Hy dorsalis, Don.
100 to 107. Be zanthopyga, Germ.
108. af ollifiana, Janson, var.
Puate XII.
Markings of Upper-surface of—
. 109. Diaphonia palmata, Schaum.
110. Ns Ay a
111. Glycyphana brunnipes, Kirby.
112. % 3 »
113. Be ” ”
114. ‘A pulchra, Macl.
Markings of Hlytra of—
115. Dilochrosis balteata, Vollenh.
116. Neochthria eburneoguttata, Blanch.
117. Ablacopus ater, Schoch, var.
118. ; b>) 39 339 >) )
119. 5} ) 39 39 33
120. Diaphonia parryi, Janson.
121. a) a -
92: is si Ms
123. i ¥ SS
124. Glycyphana pulchra, Macl.
125. 33 bp) 39
Markings of Prothorax of—
126. Ablacopus trapezifer, Thoms.
127. 39 3) 99
128. 99 2) a9
129, 39 bP) 3)
130. Ss ns
131. u he a
Fig. 182. Cacochroa varucollis, Lea.
” 133. or) >) )
” 134. 2 d) 93
» 185. Diaphonia succinea, Hope.
9) 136. 92 ’) One
oe LSt. 7 euclensis, Blackb.
pw 188) ae ut re
” 139. 39 >) 3?
Puate XIII.
Fig. 140. Markings of Prothorax of Diaphonia euclensis, Blackb.
Sr ee a Pein om mniszechi, Jans.
9 142. oe) ) 2 3) 9
29 143. 9 39 9 bP) 99
x2 144. be) 32 93 be) 9)
39 145. >> ) 39 99 9? 393
99 146. DIS) 3) Sh) 9) 9)
bb) 147. be) 3) 29 by) 9)
ie eS: a Pygidium of Clithria eucnemis, Burm.
” 149. 39 p)S) 93 9) 99
‘9 150. 39 DB) 315) ae 9) 9
eit) 5 a ‘ Polystigma punctata, Don.
5) 152. 9 99 ) ? ”)
”? 153. ”? »? ”) ? os
rk het, ; ik Ablacopus trapezifer, Thoms. °
2 155. 2? ”? ” »? ys
9 156. ” oe) 2”? »? re)
9 157. 3) 99 ”? 9 23
;, 158. Hind leg of Clithria eucnemis, Burm.
,» 159. Front tibia of Lomaptera yorkiana, Janson.
93 160. 93 be) ) 9? 99
aie LOE. BS ei pe australis, Wallace.
+) 162. 5) x9 29, 3) 3)
Bp libes(G0)'< 5, : Ablacopus teniatus, Schoch.
be) 164. 33 >} be) 2)
eee: ce a a trapezifer, Thoms.
93 166. 9) bP) >) 9 93
”? 167. ”? ’ ee) ”) 5B)
a a " ba Diaphonia mniszechu, Janson.
b 16 + 399 >) bP) be)
i 170. Middle . Tapinoschema lacunosa, Janson.
) iil: Hind d? 3) 3) a3
we 2. Front BS Pseudoclhithria hirticeps, Macl.
alia Gigs ee ie ruficornis, Westw.,
typical.
i ose Ls a ‘5 fe 3 Westw.,
variety of
male.
eae Ff gp te ; 5 a Westw.,
: variety of
female.
Pfon “Hind oa a kershawi, Lea.
Panne Middle’); ,. r erythroptera, Lea.
elven Nront 4s a zs is
217
(60)A female from the Endeavour River, and another from Cairns,
have the front tibiz also as in fig. 163.
218
Fig. 179. Middle tibia of Pseudoclithria fossor, Lea.
2 180.) Eland is a Ss ‘.
~ Ll. Bron ¥
soil eoy4) 3 Panglaphyra duboulayi, "Thoms. (iP)
lier Wes astvesmall process of Eupecila evanescens, Lea.
oss A i} Polystigma calopyga, Lea.
a alSay » aa Lyraphora obliquata, Westw.
A ES: ae BA 44 bassii, White.
Ba ihe (Gab) 99 99 Diaphonia ollifiana, Janson.
less x isi Schizorrhina atropunctata, Kby.
ae SOs Le a Diaphoma lateralis, Blackb.
» 190. Hind body of Microvalgus castaneipennis, Macl.
Selo la vagans, Lea.
OD: Outlines of abdominal fovea of M. vagans, Lea.
5, 198.(61) Clypeus of Diaphonia ollifiana, Janson.
(61) For the figures of D. olliffiana I am indebted to Mr. W. J.
Rainbow.
219
NOTES ON TENEBRIONIDZA IN THE SOUTH AUSTRALIAN
MUSEUM, COLLECTED BY MR. A. M. LEA, 1911-12,
WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES.
By H. J. Carter, B.A., F.H.8., Corresponding Member.
[Read May 14, 1914.]
I have received from the South Australian Museum, the
Tenebrionide captured by Mr. A. M. Lea on his Queensland
trip, for determination. The prolificacy of the country in
Coleoptera and the energy of the collector are shown by the
numbers sent in a single family, a total of 145 species,
including sixteen new species and two new genera; and this
must be taken in conjunction with the fact that an old
collector like Mr. Lea would discard the commoner insects,
so that there has evidently been no attempt to make a record
number. The following is a list of Tenebrionide, and the
localities of capture. na
M.=Mittagong, N.S.W.; S.=Sydney ; C.=Cairns district
and Kuranda; T.=Mount Tambourine, Q.
Docalis funerosa, Hope, M. and T. Cadiomorpha hetero-
mera, King, 8. Gonocephalum carpentarie, Blackb., Towns-
ville and Hughenden, Q. G. costatum, n. sp., C. G@. torridum,
Champ., C. G. walkeri, Champ., C. Mesomorphus lear,
n. sp., Hughenden, Q. Cestrinus trivialis, Erichs., C. and
Gladstone. C’. picertarsis, Hope(?),C. Crypticus submaculatus,
Champ.(?), C. Seymena variabilis, Pase., 8S. Mychestes
cangestus, Pasc:, Cofi Harbour. MM. lgnarius, Pasc., C.
M. mastersi, Macl., T. Orcopagia regularis, n. sp., C. Dip-
sacoma pyritosa, Pasc., M. Byrsax egenus, Pasc.(?), C.
Trichulodes punctatus, n.g.andn.sp.,C. Typhobia fuliginea,
Pasce., FT. and C. Platydema aries, Pasc., C. P. lumacella,
Bases Cc. 2. tetraspilota,: Hope,-C: and. T:. P.. metoria,
Blackb., -M. and S: Siloscapha thalloides, .Pase., T.
Ceropria peregrina, Pase., T. and C. Liochrodes suturalis,
Westw.(?), C. Scotoderws (Dechius) aphodioides, Pasc., T.
Uloma (Acthosus) consentanea, Perr., C. U. brunnea,
Cart., M. U. laticorms, Pasc., Lawson, N.S.W. U. minuta,
Cart., C. U. ovals, Perr.(?), C. and T. U: pygmea, n. sp.,
C. U. westwood, Pasc., C. Platycilibe bicolor, n. sp.,. T.
P. brevis, Cart., T. Encyalesthus tuberculiceps, n. sp., C.
and T. Gnathocerus cornutus, Fab., C. Tribolium ferru-
guneum, Fab., C. Heterochira nitida, Cart., C. Encara
220
floccosum, Pase., T. EF. submaculatum, Breme, Lawson,
N.S.W. Pteroheleus alternatus,, Pasc., Winton, Q. P.
arcanus, Pasc., Magnetic.Island, Q. P. bagotensis, Blackb. (?),
Winton, Q. | 2. ‘Oremer) Macl., Gayndah, Q: | Fo bullaris:
Pasc., Longreach, Q. P. sinuaticollis, Macl., C. P. pusillus,
Macl., C. Saragus luridus, Haag.-Rut., Hughenden, Q.
S. luridus, var., Longreach, Q. Saragus, sp., Hughenden, Q.
Ospidus chrysomeloides, Pasc., C. O. paropsoides, Cart., T.
Nyctozoilus reticulatus, Bates, Young, N.S.W. Asphalus
ebeninus, Pasc., T. Hypaulax oblonga, Bates, Gayndah and
Gladstone, Q. H. marginata, Bates, Gayndah and Gladstone,
Q. HA. tenuistriata, Bates, C. Hypaular, sp. (abnormal),
Bundaberg. Hydissus feronioides, Pasc., T. Encyalesthus
atroviridis, Macl., C. &. punctipennis, Pasc., T. #. ea-
cisipes, n. sp., C. Promethis nigra, Bless., var. lethalus,
Pasc., C. P. quadricollis, Pasc., C. Menephilus cerulescens,
Haag.-Rut., M. and T. M&M. letus, n: sp., C. M. ruficornis,
Champ., T. and €: Af. sydneyanus, Blackb., T. Meneristes
laticollis, Pase., T. Teremenes converiusculus, lope, ite
socus, n. sp., C. Toxicum punctipenne, Macl., Townsville
and C. Lepispilus sulcicollis, Bois., T. Trisilus punctipennis,
Cart., T. Oremasis cupreus, Grey, Comboyne, N.S.W. 0.
haagi, Bates, T. Paraphanes nitida, Macl., T. Chartopteryx
amperialis, Cart., C. Trtena minor, Cart., T. Chariotheca
oblonga, Blanch., C. WHspites basalis, Pasc., North Q.
Cardiothorax australis, Cart., Vic. C’. castelnaudi, Pasc., M.
C. eripennis, Blackb., Blue Mountains. C. egerius, Pasc.,
N.S.W. C. errans, Pasc., T. C. ceruleo-niger, Cart., Bulah-
delah, N.S.W. C. cordicollis, Pasc., T. C. femoratus, Bates,
T. C.macleayt, Pasc., T. C. mimus, Cart., T. C. Walcken-
ern, Hope, 8S. Blepegenes equestris, Pasc., T. Adeliwm
auratum, Pase., T. A. brevicorne, Bless., S. and’ Adelaide.
A. cyanewm, Cart., C. A. helms, Cart., N.S.W. A. plict-
gerum, Pasc., var. rugicolle, Macl., Gladstone. A. porcatum,
Fab., S. and M. A. striatwm, Pasc., T. Adeliwm, sp., T.
Sewrotrana catenulata, Bois., S. S. mastersi, Macl., Q.
Licinoma nitidissima, Lea, var., C. Blwops verrucosus, n. g.
and n. sp., C. Omolipus corvus, Pasc., T. Amarygmus
bicolor, Fab., C. A. cupido, Pasc. (?), C. A. e@ger, Blackb.,
T. A. carbo, Cart., C. A. convexus, Pasc., T. A. ellipsoides,
Pasc., T. A. morio,Fab., C. A. minutus, Pasc., Lawson.
A. picicorms, Hope, Lawson and T. A. pingwis, Blackb., C.
A. rugaticollis, Blackb., T. A. semissis, Pasc., T. A. striatus,
Macl., C. A. tropiceus, Cart., C. A. tebtales, Cart., C. A.
vartolaris, Pasc., T. A. tristis, Fab., var. obtusus, Pasc., T.
A. stolidus, Blackb., T. A. queenslandicus, Blackb., C. A.
regius, n. sp., C. and Bloomfield, Q. A. erubescens, n. sp., C.
221
A. minimus, n. sp., C. Chalcopterus amethystinus, Fab.,
Hughenden and Bluff, Q. C. arthur, Blackb., T. C. cairnsi,
Blackb., C. C. affinis, Bless., S. C. levicollis, Bless., Bris-
bane and Gladstone. C. plutus, Blackb., T. C. rufipes,
Macl., Rockhampton. C. setosus, Blackb., C. C. smaragdulus,
Fab., C. C. variabilis, Bless., 8S. Strongylium reticulatum,
Mak., C. 8S. mastersi, Macl., C. 8S. fusco-vestitum, n. sp.,
T. Pseudostrongylium viridipenne, Kraatz (7%), C.
The following synonymy has not yet been recorded : —
APATELUS SQUAMOSUS, Macl.=CESTRINUS TRIVIALIS,
Erich.
HOPLOCEPHALA JANTINIPENNIS, Chev. =CEROPRIA
PEREGRINA, Pasc.
MIcROPHYES RUFIPES, Macl.= ALPHITOBIUS PICEUS,
Oliv.
The latter name in each case having the priority.
The following are the descriptions of the new species : —
MESOMORPHUS LEAI, DN. sp.
Oval, subnitid, brownish-black, sparsely clothed with
yellowish hair.
Head clypeus semicircularly excised, not definitely sepa-
rated from the front, densely and stongly punctate, eyes
‘small and completely divided, the canthus narrower than the
eye (wider than in MM. darlingensis, Blackb.), antennze not
reaching base of prothorax, more slender than usual, joints
9-10 not transverse. Prothoraxr 2x3 mm., widest at base,
width at apex 2 mm., apex semicircularly emarginate, base
strongly bisinuate, sides arcuately converging from base to
apex with a faint sinuation anteriorly, anterior angles slightly
produced, declivous and acute, posterior produced backwards
and acute, without foliate margins, the lateral border only
partially evident from above; disc closely covered with round
even punctures (more closely placed than in M. darlingensis),
with a smooth medial line indicated. Scutellum triangular,
punctate. Hlytra of the same width as prothorax at base,
oval, strongly striate punctate, the seriate punctures round
and evenly placed at a distance of the width of one, intervals
flat on the middle, convex towards the sides, finely setulose
and granulated. All tibiz (the anterior strongly so) dilated
at apex. Dimensions—6‘7 x 3 mm. :
Hab.—Queensland: Hughenden.
This species is a close ally of I. darlingensis, Blackb.,
from which it differs especially in the produced declivous an-
teror angles of prothorax, the slight sinuation behind these,
and the lateral border not entirely evident from above, the
222
acute posterior angles, the larger seriate punctures of the
elytra, and the granular intervals. The size of the single
specimen sent is also smaller than Blackburn’s insect, with
its elytra not wider than the thorax. Type, I. 2206, in the
South Australian Museum.
GONOCEPHALUM COSTATUM, N. sp.
Shortly, rather squarely ovate, dull-fuscous, clothed with
squamose derm, with some vitreous nitid spots irregularly
scattered over the whole upper-surface (as in some Troxr
species), head and thorax closely covered with bristly short
black hairs.
Head deeply received into the thorax, clypeus with
shallow arcuate emargination, a narrow straight impression
separating it from the front, canthus as wide as the eyes
and extending about half-way across posteriorly, surface
rather strongly granulose, antenne not reaching the base of
prothorax, joints 8-10 transverse and successively wider,
eleventh oval. Prothorax 2 (vix)x2°8 mm., widest at the
middle, much wider at base than at apex, the former bi-
sinuately the latter circularly emarginate, anterior angles
rounded and reflexed, produced in front of the eyes, sides
rather widely rounded, subsinuate before the produced acute
posterior angles; foliate margins wide, horizontal behind, re-
flexed at the wide anterior angulation, the short bristly hairs
giving the border an appearance of serrulation; disc rugose
eranulose, with some scattered vitreous spots on the intervals,
medial impression distinct throughout. Seuwtellawm small and
indistinct. Hlytra as wide as prothorax at base, slightly
widened behind the middle, each elytron with four (besides
a short scutellary one) rounded, slightly raised cost consist-
ing (when seen under a strong lens) of two or three rows of
elongate granules (these where denuded of the clothing very
nitid) ; alternating with these costz are narrow lines of single
rows of granules, the intervals (when denuded of the close
derm by pin scratch) showing fine seriate punctures very
closely placed. Anterior tibiz moderately dilated at apex,
and strongly serrated on outside, prosternum, epipleure, sides.
of abdomen and legs granulose and nigro-setulose, meta-
sternum and abdomen coarsely punctate. Dimensions—
6 (vix) x3 mm. 3
fHlab.—Queensland: Cairns.
This little species differs from all those described in its:
costate elytra, with the alternate rows of granules, its ap-
parently impunctate elytra, its nigro-setulose clothing, and
the nitid quasi-vitreous maculz on its upper-surface. In sun-
hight these spots flash brightly in contrast to its otherwise
®
223
dingy surface. Type, I. 2207, in the South ‘Australian
Museum.
ORCOPAGIA REGULARIS, n. sp.
Elongate, parallel, opaque-brown above, rather nitid-
brown beneath, antennz and tarsi red, upper-surface clothed
with squamose derm.
Head clypeus trilobed and subcornute, concealed from
above by the prothorax, antennze moniliform, 10-jointed, the
last two forming a club, ninth widely ovate, tenth elongate
ovate, of the same width as nine (these joints smaller than
in O. monstrosa, Pasc., but the ninth proportionately more
transverse). Prothorar much wider in front than at base,
the latter straight and thickly margined; sides strongly ser-
rated, anterior angles produced and acute, posterior acute;
‘disc with a wide and nearly smooth medial excavation, the
rest of the surface nodulose, ridged on each side of medial
excavation, these ridges produced into a bilobed or strongly
notched hump anteriorly. Hlytra wider than prothorax at
base, cylindrical, shoulders square and prominent, with about
six lines of regularly placed tubercles on each -elytron, the
intervals with subfoveate punctures, more or less in lines,
the seriate punctures evident on the sides, margins serrate
(formed by lateral row of tubercles). Underside closely and
strongly punctate, tibie serrated on the outside, anterior
tibiz much less dilated than in O. monstrosa, Pasc. Dimen-
stons—64 x 24 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns.
A single specimen given me by Mr. A. M. Lea some
‘time ago differs from O. monstrosa, Pasc., in its more regu-
larly, though coarsely, sculptured elytra; the pustules being
of even size and much smaller than the large irregularly
placed pustules in Pascoe’s species. Megularis is also without
the scutellary crest of monstrosa. Type in the author’s col-
lection.
A second specimen is amongst the insects lately taken by
Mr. Lea himself at Cairns.
TRICHULODES, n. gen. (Ulodinarum).
Body oval, winged.
Head subtriangular and vertical, received into the thorax
as far as the eyes, these transverse, large, reniform, and
coarsely granulated ; mentum trilobed, raised in the middle,
maxillary palpi long, the last joint widely triangular, labial
palpi very short, last joint clavate, mandibles bifid ; epistoma
very short, separated from the front by a nearly straight de-
pression, labrum prominent, canthus small, little raised,
oblique ; antennz longer than the thorax, joint 1 smooth and
224
shortly cylindric, other joints hairy and successively a little
wider, 2 very small, 3-10 moniliform (8-10 slightly triangu-
lar), 11 oval. Prothorax very transverse. Scutellum: equi-
lateral-triangular, anterior coxe close, middle and posterior
more widely separated, the middle coxze without distinct
trochantins, posterior intercoxal process triangular; pro-
sternum shortly produced into a shallow arcuate receptacle
in the mesosternum. Legs slender, scantily pilose, tibie not
dilated at apex, tibial spurs very short, first joint of pos-
terior tarsi as long as the rest combined, all tarsi very slightly
pubescent.
TRICHULODES PUNCTATUS, N. sp.
Ovate, subnitid reddish-brown, flanks of pronotum paler,
oral organs, extreme basal and apical joints of antenne, and
legs yellow, the remaining joints of antenne and sternum
fuscous, abdomen and basal half of femora dark-brown; the
whole upper-surface clothed with long thin upright red hairs.
Head coarsely rugose-punctate, space between the eyes
about as wide as the apparent (seen from above) diameter of
one eye. Prothorax 1x2°5 mm., subtruncate at apex and
base, widest at middle, anterior angles obtuse and scarcely
produced, sides widely rounded, strongly-sinuately incurved
behind the middle, then dentate and again incurved to the
widely-obtuse posterior angle; extreme border crenulate,
foliate margins horizontal, ending at the middle tooth; disc
coarsely rugose-punctate with raised nitid medial impression
and vermiculate nitid intervals. Hlytra oval, rather depressed,
considerably wider than prothorax at base, shoulders round
but prominent and subrectangular, with narrow crenulate
border not channelled within; the whole surface a network
of subconfluent punctures, the intervals finely rugose and
nitid, a single hair arising from each puncture. Prosternum
coarsely ; abdomen finely punctate, the latter sparsely pilose.
Dimensions—5-6 x 3 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns.
Three specimens, including the sexes which are scarcely
differentiated. At first sight very near Hctyche, especially
in the shape of the prothorax with broadly-emarginate pos-
terior angle, dentate in the middle; but its winged body, non-
striate elytra, wider form, undilated tibie, inter alia, place
it in a different group. In some respects it seems to come
near some genera of the Heterotarsine (e.g., Lyprops), which
are not so far recorded from Australia, and with which I am
not acquainted. It seems best placed near the end of Ulo-
dine near Ganyme (in which the apical-joints of the antennez
are also pale-coloured, but with much stouter joints), es-
pecially since there are no trochantins to the middle coxe,
225
the tibial spurs very small, and tarsal pubescence slight.
Type, I. 2208, in the South Australian Museum.
ACTHOSUS PYGMEUS, n. sp.
Elongate-ovate, parallel; dark-castaneous above ; antenne,
legs, and abdomen pale-red, with the apical joint of the first
yellow.
Head densely-punctate, epistomal suture deep and
straight, eyes round and prominent, antennz very short and
less enlarged apically than usual, joints 7-10 very closely
joined, 11 spherical. Prothorax wider than long, about 1°5
mm. wide, parallel till near apex, then slightly incurved,
the anterior angles narrowly rounded and produced, apex
otherwise truncate, base truncate, sides and base narrowly
bordered, posterior angles rectangular ; disc finely and closely
punctate and with an elongate fovea near lateral border, the
discal punctures smaller than in A. minutus, Cart. LHlytra
of the same width as prothorax, subparallel, minutely striate
punctate. Prosternum very coarsely, abdomen very finely
punctate, front and middle tibize finely serrated, the tibial
spurs rather long. Dimensions—3-3°5 x 1 (vix.) mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns.
Eight specimens sent, differ from A. minutus, Cart., in
their larger size, finer punctuation of the prothorax, and es-
pecially in the less-widened antenne. Type, I. 2209, in the
South Australian Museum.
PLATYCILIBE BICOLOR, N. Sp.
Shortly-ovate; upper-surface—in some examples nitid-
black, in others head and prothorax yellowish-red ; underside—
legs and antenne red, abdomen sometimes suffused with
black.
Head concave, strongly punctate, epistoma rounded in
front, antennze not reaching base of prothorax, the four
apical-joints clavate, eyes round and prominent. Prothorax
convex, arcuate-emarginate at apex, anterior angles slightly
advanced and acute, sides moderately and evenly rounded,
posterior angles subrectangular, base truncate, lateral border
raised and channelled within, disc without medial line, rather
strongly and evenly punctate. Scuwtellum small and rounded.
Elytra ovate, of same width as prothorax at base, rather
widely rounded behind, striate-punctate, the striz very shal-
low, the punctures in striz round and even, and not very
close; a few scattered punctures in the scutellary region.
Underside closely punctate, fore and mid-tibiz minutely ser-
rated, the tibie of male rather widely dilated at apex.
Dimensions—2-2°5 x 1 (vix) mm.
I
226
Hab.—Queensland: Mount Tambourine.
Many specimens obtained by Mr. Lea from the rotten
cores of logs. All the male specimens examined have the
upper-surface concolourous, while other specimens, probably
female, have the head and thorax red. ‘The underside is
generally reddish often suffused with black as in the allied
species of Acthosus. Compared with P. Brevis, Carter, this
species is much smaller and more convex (especially as to
the thorax), the. surface is more varnished, the elytral striz
less marked, with the seriate punctures more widely separated.
Types, I. 2210, in the South Australian Museum.
E,NCYALESTHUS TUBERCULICEPS, N. sp.
Elongate-parallel ; dull-black above, nitid beneath, an-
tenne and tarsi red, tibize piceous.
Head with forehead strongly and closely, the epistoma
more lightly, punctate; the suture arcuate and deeply im-
pressed, the eyes bordered on the inside by a shining carina
raised behind into a blunt compressed tubercle ; antennz short,
stout, not extending to base of prothorax, the last four joints
considerably enlarged, 3 about as long as 1 and 2 combined,
4-7 much shorter than 3, subconic, 8-10 much wider than 7,
cup-shaped and successively wider, 11 wider and longer than
10, squarely rounded. Prothcrax 3x4 mm., bisinuate at base
and apex, very little wider at base than at apex, faintly
produced in the middle in front, the anterior angles obtuse,
depressed and slightly rounded, sides feebly converging in
front, thence nearly straight to the sharply rectangular pos-
terior angles, lateral border narrowly carinate and sulcate
within, a narrow sulcus also at the base near sides, apex with-
out border; disc rather convex, moderately closely covered
with round shallow punctures. Scutellum widely triangular
- with rounded sides. H/ytra wider than the prothorax and
nearly four times as long, subcylindric, seriate-punctate ; each
with nine rows of rather large deep punctures (larger than in
EL. punctipennis, Pasc.), besides a short scutellary, and a
marginal row, the latter merging into the ninth row about
half-way. The punctures becoming larger from base to apex;
intervals. impunctate. flat near base, becoming convex near
apex, the rows sulcate in this region; margins very narrow
and unseen from above. Prosternum, sides of metasternum,
and basal segments of abdomen coarsely and sparsely punc-
tured, apical segment closely and more finely so; epipleure
smooth. Tibie straight, slightly enlarged at apex, basal-
joint of hind tarsi shorter than the second and third combined.
Dimensions—16-x 5°5 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Mount Tambourine.
227
Q, var.(?%). Nitid-black, punctures on head, pronotum,
and elytra more pronounced, especially towards the sides and
apex of elytra, the seriate punctures being more coarse and
elongate here; the tubercles on the forehead more rounded,
the sides of prothorax straighter, the anterior angles more
squarely rounded, the elytral intervals more convex on apical
half of elytra, the fifth and sixth intervals deeply sulcate in
that region. Dimensions—14 x 43 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns.
The two specimens above, I believe, are conspecific,
though the localities of capture are rather distant, and some
of the differences are conspicuous; but in both the remarkable
character of eyes bordered on the inside by a tubercle, form-
ing the basal end of carina, together with its general form
(nearly straight prothorax), sculpture (especially of the under-
side) point to a very close relationship. These specimens are
only two I have yet seen. The carinate border of the eyes
on the inside is one of the special characters quoted by
Motschulsky for his Vyctobates (now merged in Taraxides, a
West African genus). The true Myctobates is confined to
America. The name has long been erroneously given to Aus-
tralian species of Promethis. I have specimens of Vyctobates
(gigas and maxima) which are entirely different to anything
Australian, but Tarazxides is unknown to me. There is no
doubt as to the above insect being an Encyalesthus, somewhat
closely related to #. punctipennis, Pasc., from which it differs
in its more elongate form, antennze more enlarged at apex,
the straight prothorax, convex elytral intervals at apex, and
the coarser punctures of underside, inter alia.
Buvops, n. gen. (Meracanthinarum ).
Body very convex, ovate acuminate, subpedunculate,
apterous.
Head received into the thorax nearly to the eyes,
these large, transverse, emarginate, and coarsely granulated ;
mandibles bifid at apex, labrum squarely prominent; canthus
obliquely elevated over the insertion of antenne; mentum
trapezoidal, carinate in the middle, last joint of palpi
strongly securiform ; antennz very long and slender, the outer
joints very slightly thicker than the basal: Prothorax moder-
ately convex, irregularly subcordate, anterior angles dentate
and reflexed, posterior acute and deflexed, sides angulately
crenate. Hlytra soldered together and widely embracing the
body ; epipleuree very narrow, not extending. to the apex of
elytra; metasternum short, anterior coxze round, hind cox
widely separated, all coxz with trochantins ; the middle inter-
coxal process with a raised transverse semicircular disc, the
12
228
posterior process subtruncate, very narrowly bordered; pro-
sternal process produced into a conical lobe, not margined be-
tween the coxe; the penultimate joint of all tarsi strongly
bilobed.
BLUOPS VERRUCOSUS, Ni. sp.
Elongate, ovate acuminate, glabrous; nitid metallic-
black ; the head coppery on sides, blue on labrum; legs and
antennz violet, anterior coxze coppery.
Head deeply and unevenly pitted with coarse punctures ;
labrum strongly emarginate; epistoma wide, convex, and
arcuate, continuous with the raised canthus; epistomal suture
deep arcuate, terminating in fovee within the antennal orbit,
here joined by two curved depressed lines extending backward
to the eyes; these widely separated and oblique; antenne
8 mm. long, joint 2 very short and bead-like,
3 as long as 4-5 combined, 4 shorter than |
5, 5-8 equal, 9-10 slightly shorter and scarcely |
wider than 8, 11 longer than 10, the basal- é
joints 1-5 more or less cylindric, 6-10 very
narrowly obconic, 11 elongate-ovate. Pro-
thorax 35x45 mm., moderately convex,
wider at apex than at base, widest at middle,
apex bisinuate, base truncate, anterior angles
rounded, produced outward and reflexed,
sides sinuate behind this lobe, then undu-
lately and subangularly widened at the mid-
dle, then widely incurved and sinuate to the
acute and outwardly produced posterior an-
gles, border continuous throughout, widest
at base, subobsolete at middle of apex, the
disc continuous laterally to this border; ru- )
gosely vermiculate-punctate, the intervals /|
smoother and wider at centre (otherwise //
without any medial line). Scutellum a y/
raised transverse nitid ridge across the mid- 1
i
dle of the base of elytra, occupying half the
width. H/ytra very convex, ovate acuminate,
of same width as prothorax at base (3°5
mm.), widest behind the middle, shoulders obsolete, sides ex-
panding to the widest part, then rather rapidly and a little
sinuately converging to the tapering apex. Epipleural fold
evident in humeral region, the whole elytra, except the suture,
closely covered with round, smooth tubercles arranged more
or less in rows, about eight rows on each elytron, the tubercles
in adjacent rows alternating (?.e., those in row 2 fitting be-
tween the tubercles in row 1, etc.), those in the centre some-
what flattened, those on the sides and apex more conical,
229
the second, fourth, and sixth rows containing tubercles of a
larger size than the others, a wide space on each side of suture
smooth and nitid. The tubercles at the sides bearing short
inconspicuous sete. Sternum nearly smooth, abdomen with
sparse scattered punctures. Legs very long, smooth and nitid,
femora unarmed, tibie not dilated at apex, apical spines
very short, tarsi (and tibie very narrowly) clothed with red
tomentum, anterior and middle tarsi enlarged; basal-joint
of posterior tarsi not as long as the rest combined. Dimen-
stons—17 x 75 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns.
A single specimen, male, was shaken by Mr. Lea from a
bush. It is one of the most remarkable and interesting Tene-
brionids I have seen. While placing it tentatively amongst
the Meracanthine, where it apparently comes nearest to
Lacordaire’s position for Psorodes or Acanthomera (a genus
peculiar to South Africa). My knowledge of exotic insects is
too limited to allow me to state the position of the genus very
definitely. The two sides of the prothorax are slightly dif-
ferent in that the left side is more or less biangulate in the
middle, while on the right side it is merely undulate before
the middle subangulate widening. The long antennz with its
apical-joints not, or scarcely, enlarged at once differentiates
it from all Australian Tenebrionide known to me except
Melaps, Melytra, and Strongylium. I do not know Azynaon,
of Blackburn, which is evidently a widely-different insect.
Type, I. 2211, in the South Australian Museum.
There was also a single mutilated specimen in the South
Australian Museum, without antenne and palpi, labelled:
“Cardwell,” Fr. “gen. nov., near Helopinus,” in Blackburn’s
handwriting.
Mr. K. G. Blair writes:—‘“‘I don’t think it is a
Meracanthine, which have the anterior femora strongly
thickened and toothed, with the clypeus in the form of a
quadrangular plate in front of the head. It seems near a
thing that has been puzzling me from Borneo, and has the
femora rather slender, etc. I place it tentatively in the
Eutelune, with which it seems to agree in all essentials.”’
[Not as regards the antenna, in which the Lutelides of
Lacordaire have ‘‘trois ou quatre derniers articles formant
une massue déprimée.’’—H. J. C.]
AMARYGMUS REGIUS, N. sp.
Ovate; head, pronotum, underside, and legs black; an-
tennz piceous, elytra dark-green, with the suture and sides
(sometimes) purplish, tarsi flavo-setose.
230
/l/ead—Labrum and epistoma minutely-punctate, front
nearly smooth, eyes distant less than the basal-joint of an-
tennz, without ocular sulcus; antenne very slightly enlarged
apically, joint 1 rather long and stout, 3 longer than 1 and 2
jointly and as long as 4 and 5 combined, 4-10 subequal in
length, successively more obconic, 11 narrowly-obovate. Pro-
thorax 3x45 mm,, truncate at apex, bisinuate at base, widest
at base. (this one and a half times the width of apex), sides
feebly curved and converging to apex; disc minutely and
closely punctate (punctures only visible under a lens), anterior
angles obtuse, posterior acute (seen from above). Scutellum
triangular, black. Hlytra convex, seriate-punctate, with eight
rows (besides a short scutellary row) of subfoveate punctures
of uniform size (scarcely smaller or less-deeply impressed to
the apex) ; intervals subconvex, finely but distinctly punctate ;
sternum smooth, abdomen rugosely-longitudinally wrinkled.
Dimensions—10-14 x 6-78 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns, Bloomfield, etc.
This is the species referred to in my monograph as near
obtusus, Pasc., and tristis, Fab., but the seriate punctures are
distinctly and uniformly larger, and are not placed in striz,
the intervals are less convex, and the colour a distinct-green,
sometimes with a slight tinge of purple. The interval between
two punctures is less than the diameter of one. Evidently a
common species and liable to be confused with C. nobilis,
Blackb. (in which the punctures are purple at bottom), but
the bifid mandibles will easily distinguish regiws from C.
nobilis. Type in the author’s collection.
AMARYGMUS ERUBESCENS, 0D. Sp.
Ovate, convex; whole upper-surface reddish with green
metallic reflections (the green predominating on head and pro-
notum) ; underside reddish-brown, legs metallic-black, antenne
piceous, tarsi flavo-setose.
Head distinctly and closely punctate, eyes widely sepa- —
rated by a distance greater than the length of basal-joint of
an antenna; the latter slender at base, joints 7-11 moderately
enlarged, 3 scarcely as long as 1 and 2 combined, 4-6 short,
7-10 longer than 6, 11 obovate. Prothorax 2x34 mm., trun-
cate at apex, bisinuate at base, widest at base, strongly and
subarcuately narrowing at apex; anterior angles obtuse, pos-
terior acute; disc rather strongly punctate, with a smooth
medial line indicated. Scuwtellwm triangular and punctate.
Elytra very convex, narrowly ovate; seriate-punctate, with
eight rows (besides a short scutellary row) of large round punc-
tures (rather larger than but similarly placed to those in 4.
231
foveolatus, Macl.), the punctures in the sutural row smaller
and closer than those in the other serves, the punctures more
widely separated towards the apex ; intervals quite flat, closely
and unusually-strongly punctate; prosternum carinate, its
sides with a few large punctures; abdomen strongly longitud-
inally strigose. Dimensions—10 x 4°8 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns.
A single specimen, quite distinct from all described Aus-
tralian species, in shape somewhat like, but wider than, vario-
Jaris, Pasc., with seriate punctures somewhat as in foveolatus,
Macl. The ground colour is red, but metallic-green is domi-
nant on the head and pronotum, and subdominant on the
elytra. Seen in a strong light the red tints prevail, the larger
punctures then appearing dark-green on a red ground. The
puncturation is peculiar in that the quite regular row nearest
the suture has smaller punctures than in the other series,
quite evenly placed, the space between punctures in the first
and second rows being as 3 : 2. Type, I. 2212, in the South
Australian Museum.
AMARYGMUS MACULICOLLIS, Nn. sp.
Hlongate-ovate; nitid greenish-copper above; pronotum
with about 17 large purple spots, not placed in fovez, the
elytral punctures also purple; underside, legs, and antennz
red ; tarsi flavo-setose.
Head with epistomal suture deeply impressed, front closely
and strongly punctate, eyes widely separated by a distance
equal to the combined length of the second and third antennal-
joints. Antenne with basal-joints very slender, 7-11 success-
ively enlarging, three not as long as 4-5 combined, 11 longer
and stouter than 10, ovate-acuminate. Prothorazx convex, bi-
sinuate at apex and base, the central: lobe produced forwards
at apex, backward at base, all angles deflexed and obtuse;
sides well rounded, with stronger curve in front than behind ;
lateral carina not evident from above; disc closely punctate,
the purple macule placed apparently quite regularly as fol-
lows: four forming a square in the middle, an elongate one
behind these on middle line near base, and about six on each
side of these (of these two near basal border). Scutellum tri-
angular. Hlytra convex, subparallel on basal half, tapering
towards apex, as wide as prothorax at base ; seriate-punctate,
with eight rows (besides a short scutellary row) of subfoveate
punctures rather widely separated (the distance between two
punctures in the same row being considerably greater than
the distance between adjacent rows), with a few elongate or
confluent punctures in the series; the intervals quite flat and
232
strongly but finely punctate ; sternum diffusedly punctate, ab-
domen finely strigose. Dimensions—10 x42 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Kuranda (G. E. Bryant and A. M.
Lea).
Two examples examined are close allies of A. variolaris,
Pasc., and A. ramosus, Blackb., in having the strongly differ-
entiated purple punctures with coppery elytra, but in variolaris
the pronotum is a uniform bronze and the elytral punctures
are scarcely seriate ; while r7mosus is a larger species with con-
colourous pronotum and much more elongate-seriate punctures.
I have seen other specimens in collections, but have confused
it previously with variolaris. Type in the author’s collection.
AMARYGMUS MINIMUS, Nn. sp.
Ovate, convex; very nitid dark-bronze above, rufescent
beneath, all appendages red. ,
Head closely punctate, eyes rather widely separated, an-
tennze slender with apical-joints slightly enlarged, joint 11
wider than 10 and elongate. Prothorax much wider at base
than at apex, truncate at apex, sinuate at base, sides nearly
straightly converging from base to apex, disc closely and dis-
tinctly punctate. Hlytra considerably wider than prothorax,
very convex, striate-punctate, the punctures in striz very
small and rather distant, the intervals evérywhere quite flat,
and almost microscopically punctate ; abdomen closely striolate.
Dimensions—3 x 2 (vix.) mm.
Hab.— Queensland: Cairns.
Three specimens of this minute species evidently differ
from A. lillaputanus, Blackb. (of which I have co-types, taken
by Mr. Masters at Wide Bay), in (Z) smaller size, (2) the
form of prothorax (rather widely rounded in lilliputanus),
(3) the finer puncturation of the elytral series. Blackburn
gave the colour of lilliputanus as black, but the elytra have
some metallic gleams with a tinge of green in my specimens.
The dimensions of his species is 21. (4 mm.), but a difference
of 1 mm. is considerable in dealing with such small insects.
Type, I. 2213, in the South Australian Museum.
STRONGYLIUM FUSCOVESTITUM, N. sp.
Elongate, moderately convex; brown, clothed above and
beneath with rather dense adpressed pale-brown hair, apical-
joint of antennz yellow, tibie rufescent.
Head closely clad with recumbent hair, epistomal suture
arcuate, longitudinally impressed between the eyes, these large
and separated by a distance of about half the diameter of one
eye (more approximate in the male than in the female) ;
233
antenne long, filiform, the apical-joints slightly widened, 3
longer than 4, 7-10 equal, 11 elongate-ovate. Prothorax wider
than long, apex and base nearly straight, base scarcely wider
than apex; anterior angles rather squarely rounded, posterior
sharply rectangular; sides slightly undulate, with a small
angulate or dentate widening in the middle; basal border
raised, lateral and apical border subobsolete ; disc channelled
medially, rugose and closely pilose. Scwtellwm curvilinear
triangular. Hlytra wider than prothorax at base, three and
a half times as long; shoulders squarely rounded, sides nearly
parallel till near apex; lineate foveolate-punctate, with about
eight lines of oval fovez, forming reticulate intervals, the
two sutural rows of foves larger and shallower, their intervals
less raised than the rest, the fovee smaller towards the sides,
the last three series containing approximate punctures, those
in the extreme row closest, all becoming obsolete at apex;
prosternum rugose, the last segment of abdomen finely punc-
tate, fore coxe approximate and nearly touching the front
margin of prosternum, posterior intercoxal process narrowly
triangular, legs rather slender, posterior tarsi with basal-joint
nearly as long as the rest combined. Damensions—12-13 x 3°5-
4-5 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Ourimbah (H. W. Cox);
Queensland: Mount Tambourine (A. M. Lea).
The larger specimen happens to be the male, the other is,
I think, female, and these two are the only specimens I have
seen of a species evidently different to any of the described
Australian Strongylia. It is nearest to S. reticulatum, Makl.,
in the elytral sculpture, in which species the alternate intervals
are costate, with the reticulation more or less cancellate, while
in fuscovestitum the intervals do not form regular lines, but
are the raised borders of the irregularly-sized fovez ; moreover,
in reticulatum the colour is a subnitid-black, and is without
any pilose clothing. Male—Type in the author’s collection.
Female—Type, I. 2214, in the South Australian Museum.
S. reticulatum, Makl. I have not seen this species identi-
fied in any of the museums; but there seems to be little doubt
as to my correct determination of this name as applying to
an insect I have taken in the Blue Mountains under eucalyptus
bark, and one specimen under a stone in the Victorian Alps.
S. macleayi, Pasc., determined from description for a speci-
men taken by Mr. H. W. Cox in the Gosford District.
S. masterst, Macl. A single specimen by Mr. A. M. Lea,
taken at Cairns, Queensland.
Pseudostrongylium viridipenne, Kraatz. I believe I have
correctly identified this as a species very common in North
Queensland, and taken in some numbers by Mr. H. Hacker.
234
Mr. Lea also took one near Cairns. The species, so determined,
is very variable in colour, varying from concolourous-green or
blue, above and beneath, to specimens in which the elytra has
the base, suture, and sides red, with more or less red on the
coxe and underside. The type is described as being of the
latter class. !
ByRSAX PINNATICOLLIS, Nn. sp.
Rather squarely oval; reddish-brown, tarsi and antenne
red, clothed with a short scaly indumentum.
Head (of male) with two elevated, incurved, and pointed
horns, serrated on the outside edge; antennz short, the last
four joints forming a club, the apical joint longer than the
preceding. Prothorax about 1°5 x 3 mm., sides widely rounded,
and like the fins of a fish, the outside edge strongly and evenly
crenulated, discal portion very convex, with two conspicuous
elevated tubercles on middle near front margin, and with
sparse irregular tubercles elsewhere. Scutellum rounded.
Elytra wider than prothorax at base, with humeral angles
prominent and rectangular, widely rounded behind, margins
evenly and closely crenulated ; seriate-punctate, the intervals
-with from four to six tubercles on each, more or less in rows,
the rather wide margins also bearing a few _ tuber-
cles. Underside and legs rough, the abdomen rugose-punc-
tate. Female without frontal horns. Dimensions—5 x3 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns (A. M. Lea and Macleay
Museum).
Intermediate in size between B. macleayi, Pasc., and
B. egenus, Pasc., it has not the pronounced oblique thoracic
tubercle of B. saccharatus, Pasc., and with much more regu-
larly-crenulated sides. I have named it as describing the lobate
and finlike flanges of the prothorax. I think I have specimens
of all the described species of Byrsax. B. saccharatus, Pasc.
(of which my single specimen comes from the Richmond River)
is either without frontal horns, or has been described from a
female specimen. B. macleayi I have taken in quantity at
Acacia Creek in rotten logs. It is remarkable for the pungent
musk smell emitted, by which its presence may be detected
at some distance. Types in the author’s collection.
AUSTRALIAN AMARYGMIN A.
Since the publication of my tables of Chalcopterus and
Amarygmus (these Trans., 1913) I have received further in-
formation from Mr. K. G. Blair, of the British Museum, which
enables me to correct certain mistakes, partly due to insuffi-
cient descriptions, partly to my incorrect determination of a
{PF
’
235
few species. It will, therefore, be some help to entomologists
to add the following notes on the species in question.
The four following species were wrongly placed under the
section ‘“‘pronotum black.’ The notes appended are by Mr.
Blair except where initialled by the author.
Ch. puer, Blackb., “has a blwe pronotum and would come
in your table next to /etws, Blackb., which it very closely re-
sembles. The head is black, the eyes sulcate as in letus; the
prothorax is more strongly and closely punctured with a smooth
median line, but not perceptibly different in shape, as one
would gather from Blackburn’s table. I doubt whether it is
really distinct.” [A specimen sent seems to me conspecific
rather with C. eremita, Blackb.—H.J.C.]|
Ch. palmerstoni, Blackb., “has a greenish-blue opaque
thorax. In your table it would, I think, come next to eyrensis,
but it much more closely resembles C’. minor, Blackb. With
this it agrees in colour, form of head, and general facies, but
differs in having.the elytral puncturation a little stronger,
and the tarsi nigro-setose.”’
Ch. mundus, Blackb., “has the thorax brzght-greenish,
subopaque. It runs down next to pulcher, Blackb., from which
it may be distinguished by its more elongate form, almost
like that of mimus, but more convex, with flat intervals.
The elytra are tipped with coppery, unlike either species men-
tioned. Jimus, by the way, has the elytra unicolourous,
purplish-blue, not varicoloured.”
Ch. minor, Blackb., “has a blue thorax’’—“‘a specimen you
return as ‘probably hartmeyeri, Geb.’”’ “TI sent a specimen
to Gebien for verification, and he replies, “The species is rightly
determined.’ Hence hurimeyeri sinks to minor, Blackb.”’
{In the description of mnor the colour is stated to be “niger,
elytris cyaneis,’’ while in palmerston: it is given as “niger,
elytris ceruleis.”—H.J.C.]
[The following three species were wrongly placed under
the section ‘‘pronotum metallic or coloured.’’—-H.J.C.]:—
Ch. inconspicuus, Blackb., “has thorax absolutely black.
It would run down to your latifrons, but apparently less-
strongly punctured. The elytral sculpture is lke that of
proxpiciens, Blackb., which is not unlike, though broader.”’
Ch. leai, Blackb., “has a black thorax. It would come
next to carinaticeps, Blackb., to which it is closely allied. It
differs in its more nitid thorax, less-developed ocular carina,
more convex elytral interstices, and the finer punctures in
the series.”
Ch. proditor, Blackb., has “the thorax black and finds its
natural (and tabular) position next to obscurus, Blackb., from
which it differs in the convex interstices.” [Mr. Blair also
236
includes major, Blackb., in this statement; but this is a mis-
take, as shown by the author’s description, “‘capite prothorace-
que plus minusve cyaneo tinctis;’’ moreover, my specimens
(from Cooktown and Cairns) were personally determined by
the author. Like a few other species, e.g., Ch. yorkensis,
Blackb., the pronotum is often so dark that an old or greasy
specimen might well appear quite black. Hither this is the
case with the type, or some mistaken labelling has taken
place. In the case of lea: and proditor I must candidly con-
fess to a blunder of tabulation. I have specimens of proditor
from Condon, W.A., determined by the author himself ; while
those of Jeaz were compared with co-types in Mr. Lea’s col-
lection.—H.J.C.|
Ch. cyampenms, Hope=var. of levicollis, Bless. “This
name must give way to cyanopterus, Hope (type in British
Museum). This species was originally described (Gray’s Zool.
Miscell., i1., 1831, p. 32) as from Nepal, but the species is
identical with the type of cyanipennis, Hope (at Oxford). It
is rather strange that there should be in Bates’ collection two
specimens purporting to be from Malabar, labelled cyan-
pennis, Reiche. JI think the Indian localities must be
erroneous.’ (K.G.B.)
Ch. variabilis, Bless.=vinosus, Pasc.=columbinus, Bois.
On the synonomy of variabilis with vinosus, Mr. Blair writes:
“Your determination of this species (vznosus, Pasc.=opact-
collis, Blackb., nec. Macl.) is incorrect, so that a name appears
to be required for this latter.” As regards the synonymy,
vinosus, Pasc.=columbinus Bois., Mr. Blair says: ‘Bates ac-
quired with La Ferte’s collection a set of duplicate Heteromera
from the Dejeanian collection, and amongst these are probably
co-types, possibly types of Boisduval’s species. These are as
follows : —
“Amarygmus columbinus, Bois.=Ch. vinosus, Pasc.=
variabilis, Bless.
“Adelium harpaloides, Bois.=A. calosomoides, Kirby.
“A. virescens, Bois.=A. brevicorne, Bless.”
N.B.—The last two were suggested by me (Proc. Linn.
SOOsy INS WO, oo, A, ANG).
Ch. cupreus, Fab. Mr. Blair’s note runs: “I cannot
quite match this, but it seems to be very near, if not identical
with, setosus, Blackb. The seriate punctures of the elytra are
sharper and interstices flatter; with but one or two sete to-
wards the apex.”’
N.B.—For the hiatus left by the want of a name for Ch.
opacicollis, Blackb., nec. Macl., I suggest the name confusus.
Ch. palmerensis, Blackb., “is erroneously determined.
The type is superficially very like cupriventris, Cart., but has
237
the underside black, the thorax much wider, the tarsi nigro-
setose. The thing you call palmerensis, Pascoe had as grandis,
Macl., which you say it is not, so it seems in need of a name.”
[The specimens, of which I have two from Rockhampton,
which I determined as palimerensis have the tarsi fulvo-setose,
as stated by the author, though Blackburn admitted that his
unique type was not in a good condition for determining this
fact. There seems to be a possibility of some mistake here.
A re-examination of my specimens shows an insect rather near
carinaticeps, Blackb., even containing distinct ocular carine,
but with more or less concolourous elytra—one greenish, the
other purplish—but wider and larger than my specimens of
carinaticeps, but with similar sculpture. As the latter species
does certainly occur in the Rockhampton district, it is possible
that my so-called palmerensis may be a var. of carinaticeps.
It is better at present to avoid the further confusion of adding
a name.—H.J.C. |
There is a small omission in my Chalcopterus table. After
109 should be inserted 109A. Size smaller.
In the Amarygmus table, A. pectoralis, Blackb., was
inadvertently omitted. It should be placed near kurande,
Mihi., and distinguished, inter alia, by its coarsely-punctured
sternum. In this table (p. 37), for geminatus read gemmatus
(as in description).
AMARYGMUS.
A. tristis, Fab. “The type is not in the Banks Collection,
its habitat and whereabouts are not stated in the description.
The latter says ‘elytris cyanets,’ which may be taken as refer-
ring to the form with purple elytra.”’
A. obtusus, Pasc., “is, I believe, specifically distinct.
You seem to have taken a specimen I sent as ‘near obtusus,’
to be identical, which I did not intend. My remarks stated,
‘type (obtusus) larger, thorax much more rounded at sides,
head punctulate between eyes, clypeus depressed at base, punc-
turation of elytra the same and jaws.’ I may add—a distinct
though narrow ocular sulcus. It was formerly catalogued as
Chalcopterus.’’
A. pusillus, Pasc., “is not maurulus, Pase., but is like a
black pinguis, Blackb., of the same size, shape, and form of
elytral interstices. Mawrulus you have correctly identified.’’
N.B.—Types of pinyuis, perplezus, and queenslandicus,
are all of same colouration, thorax dark blue-black (almost
black), elytra distinctly blue. Prnguzs differs in its more con-
vex elytral interstices, but I am unable to separate queens-
landicus and perplexus (I see no trace of ocular sulcus in the
latter).
238
A. semissus, Pasc. There appears to have been an error
in labelling the type here. Pascoe’s specimen labelled “Kiama,”
and bearing his name label with the word “type,’’ is Hope’s
anthracinus, and his own ellipsoides (of which there is no
specimen definitely labelled “type’’) merely one with a tem-
porary label ‘‘ellzpsoides.’’ Of semissus there is also a speci-
men bearing Pascoe’s temporary label, “semzssus,” with no
locality. I take it that the temporary labels indicate the
true types (in other cases they have not always been replaced
by final labels), and that the final label has been wrongly
attached. In this case the types bear out the descriptions,
otherwise they do not. The two species are readily distin-
guished.
239
ADDITIONS TO THE ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTSHOF
SOUTH AUSTRALIA.
By R. 8. Rocrrs, M.A., M.D.
[Read June 11, 1914.]
Puates XIV. and XV.
PRASOPHYLLUM INTRICATUM, Stuart.
This interesting and rare little orchid was first recorded
from Tasmania, and susequently from Victoria and New
South Wales. My South Australian specimens come from
Mount Compass, a district to which I am indebted for quite
a number of additions to the flora of our State.
They were discovered in fair numbers by Mrs. R. 8S.
Rogers, growing in one localized swampy patch. Careful
search failed to reveal any further specimens in the surround-
ing country. They were collected early in May of this year
(1914), but as most of them were already fruiting, the middle
of April may be regarded as their ordinary time of blooming.
Description.—Plant 24 to 6 inches, leafless with a long
subulate bract close to the spike of flowers. Spike not conical,
somewhat squat, consisting of from two to six flowers. Flowers
green or yellowish-green with pale purple linear markings on
the segments or margins of perianth edged with same colour,
the labellum itself being a dark purple. Lateral sepals
greenish, connate at base, lanceolate-falcate, very divergent,
not gibbous, blotched with purple towards the base, concave
on labellar side, somewhat undulate, a little over 2 lines long.
Dorsal sepal yellowish green with purple margins, not very
wide, tip very acute, nearly 2 lines long. Lateral petals
narrowly ovate-falcate, yellowish with three reddish-purple
stripes and more or less purple margins, spreading and recurved,
same length as dorsal sepal. JLabellum articulate; broadly
obovate with markedly recurved tip; about same length as
dorsal sepal; deep purple with margins entire or slightly
crenulated ; the anterior half fringed with rather short hairs ;
callous portion wide, triangular, cleft posteriorly, reaching
to the tip (or nearly so). Anther with very short point or
pointless; about one-quarter the total length ‘of column ;
higher than the lateral appendages and rostellum. Pollen-
masses unusually friable, attached to the rostellum by a
caudicle of medium length and a prominent’ purple disc.
Lateral appendages wide; fringed along upper half of their
240
outer borders; chelate, the inner claw being truncate and
colourless, the outer one pointed, purplish and ciliated; at-
tached along sides of column to the base of the anther.
Stigma oval with long diameter vertical ; concave with funnel-
shaped depression in its lower part; occupying about upper
half of anterior surface of column. fostellum very sticky
reaching to a level slightly above the base of the anther.
Ovary pyriform; green with longitudinal reddish-brown
stripes ; subtended by a minute bract.
The ciliated condition of the labellum and lateral appen-
dages readily distinguishes this orchid from the two other
small prasophyllums, P. nigricans and P. fusco-viride, known
to occur in this State. In the neighbouring Eastern States,
however, it may possibly be mistaken for P. fimbriatum or
P. archert, both of which (especially the latter) it somewhat
closely resembles. The following points of distinction, how-
ever, occur:—In P. fimbriatum the labellum is narrow,
linear-oblong, densely fringed with long cilia; the anther
point is long (often very long). In P. intricatwm the labellum
is wide (broadly obovate), rather sparsely fringed with short
cilia; the anther paint is absent or very short. In P. archeri
the labellum is similar in type to that in fimbriatum, long
and narrow, and both the dorsal sepal and the paired petals
are fringed with cilia.
None of the perianth segments are ciliated in the plant
under review.
The extreme friability of the pollen in this orchid and
the facility with which it can be caught in the funnel-shaped
stigmatic depression which communicates directly with the
ovary, indicates that it is capable of self-fertilization. It is
probable that this is its normal method of pollination, for
most of the plants were fruiting and on these no barren
flowers were present. The fact, however, that the whole
pollinarium may be removed by a touch on the sticky disc
strongly suggests the idea that the more ordinary method of
cross-pollination is sometimes followed.
PTEROSTYLIS SQUAMATA, Br.
Robert Brown first collected this plant in Tasmania. He
was familiar with P. rufa, which he also named, and con-
sidered the differences between the two forms to be specific
in character. Bentham, however, who had not Brown’s ad-
vantage of dealing with the living plants, subsequently re-
duced P. sqyuamata to a variety of P. rufa. Among his three
varieties of the latter species is also included P. mitchelli,
Lind]. Much uncertainty has prevailed in Australia as to
the identity of Lindley’s species, but I have recently had the
241
privilege of examining typical specimens of P. mitchelli and
P. rufa from the herbaria of Hooker and Bentham respec-
tively, and find the former to be identical with a plant which
grows on our own sea-coast in the neighbourhood of the
Grange.
The true distinction between ?. rufa and the other two
would appear to be, that rufa is the representative of those
rufous forms which have a membranous labellum, whereas
squamata and mitchelli represent the forms with thick fleshy
labella. Therefore, although there may be some justification
for regarding P. mitchelli as a variety of P. sqyuamata, there
seems to be very little for regarding either of them as a variety
of P. rufa. It is probable that less confusion will be occasioned
by retaining the specific rank formerly assigned to these three
plants, rather than by regarding two of them as mere varieties
of the other.
After careful examination of living plants, I am con-
vinced that P. sgwamata is a good and valid species. It has
not hitherto been recorded from South Australia, and so far
it has reached me only from one locality, viz., Port Lincoln,
where it was found blooming towards the close of November.
Description.—Plant somewhat stout, about 6 inches high.
Leaves in a withered radical rosette. Stem with six to eight
acute, sheathing, closely-appressed bracts in addition to those
at the base of the pedicels; the lower bracts partially imbri-
cate, the distance between them increasing in the upper part
of the stem, though the interval is always small. Flowers
greenish with rufous markings, two or three in number, on
rather long pedicels, each pedicel subtended by a long acute
bract. Galea (not including the produced point) about 5
lines, incurved, the apex produced into a filiform recurved
point about 3 lines long. Conjoined sepals reflexed, produced
into filiform points about as long as themselves (5 lines).
Labellum thick and fleshy, conspicuously glandular, on a
wide movable claw, very irritable, ovate-oblong, bifid at the
tip, contracted towards the base; a low, wide, rounded or
somewhat triangular eminence at the base representing the
vestigial appendage; in front of this the lamina hollowed to
within a short distance of the tip; long hairs from the lateral
margins and two rigid ones from each side of the basal emi-
nence ; under-surface deeply and narrowly channelled along
the centre from base to tip. Column incurved, reaching to
top of galea but not quite to its apex; membranous wings
almost quadrangular, upper angles blunt not toothed or
ciliated, lower angles rather blunt and ciliated, anterior
margins with inturned hairs or fringe; a second but compara-
tively narrow membranous expansion on each side the stigma.
242
Anther pointless, oblique. Stzgma oblong-elliptical, very
deeply channelled vertically.
The chief differences between this species and P. rufa
are to be found in the closely-placed bracts on the stem of
the former and in the labellum. The labellum in squwamata
is ovate-oblong, very thick and fleshy and exceedingly glandu-
lar; in rufa it is narrow-oblong, membranous and not
markedly glandular. In the former the tip is bifid and does
not turn up; in the latter it is undivided and recurves abruptly
upwards. The basal eminence differs entirely in the two
species. In squamata it is a low, flattened, broad, somewhat
triangular mound of tissue, in the nature of a thickened or
hypertrophied basal margin; in rufa it forms a relatively
high ridge in front of the claw and is in the nature of a
transverse thickened fold of the base of the lamina. Along
the concave “upper-surface of the lamina, there is no ridge in
squamata; whereas in rufa there is a mesial ridge, well-
marked towards the tip of the labellum. The upper angles
of the wings of the column are obtuse in sqyuamata; they are
toothed in rufa.
PTEROSTYLIS MITCHELLI, Lindley.
This plant was first discovered by Sir T. L. Mitchell on
Mount Kennedy on October 21, 1846, during his expedition
between Sydney and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Bentham notes
that he has examined a specimen from Salt Creek, a South
Australian locality, but it has never definitely been placed
on our records. Although regarded by Bentham as a variety
of P. rufa its affinities are not so much with that species as
with P. squamata of which it may possibly be a variety. It
grows freely at the Grange and blooms in August, three
months earlier than sqwamata, which was found at the same
sea-level and under similar conditions. This very great dif-
ference in the time of flowering is strongly suggestive of
difference in species.
Description.—Plant 3 to 5 inches high. Leaves in a
green radical rosette. Stem with 2-4 closely-sheathing bracts,
and one subtending each flower-pedicel. Flowers five or six
in a loose racerme; greenish with reddish markings. Galea
about 6 lines (exclusive of its produced point), the apex pro-
duced into a fine recurved point about 4 or 5 lines long.
Conjoined sepals with a sinus angle of about 60°, prolonged
into fine diverging tails about 7 lines long; the whole sepal
from_base to tip measuring an inch or more. Labellwm thick
and fleshy, glandular, attached by a movable semicircular
claw to an anterior process from the base of the column, very
irritable, slipper- or coalscuttle-shaped, tip slightly cleft on
243
its under-surface and turning shghtly downwards, contracted
towards the base; appendage represented by a_ thickened
slightly-raised basal margin, usually without hairs; in front
of this the lamina deeply hollowed for the greater part of
its length; under-surface deeply and narrowly channelled
along the centre from base to tip: long hairs inserted on the
lateral margins, but rarely on the basal eminence. Column
about 5 lines rather incurved; wings quadrangular, upper
angles slightly acute and ciliated, lower angles quite blunt
and rounded and ciliated, anterior margins with inturned
hairs ; slightly winged in its middle third on each side of the
stigma. Anther quite blunt, oblique or horizontal. Stigma
semi-elliptical, notched or toothed in its upper margin com-
municating with the prominent rostellum by a deep groove
or channel.
This plant differs from P. rufa chiefly in its green radical
rosette of leaves as opposed to a withered rosette, in its thick
fleshy labellum as opposed to a membranous labellum, and
in the labellar appendage, which is represented by a thickened
basal margin in Lindley’s species and by a thickened trans-
verse fold of the lamina in rufa. It differs further in con-
formation of the stigma, semi-elliptical in the former, ellipti-
cal in the latter. Mitchelli blooms three to four months
earlier than rufa. From squamata it differs in its possession
of a green radical rosette and in the absence of any tendency
to imbrication of the bracts; it differs markedly in the shape
of the stigma and slightly in the basal eminence of the
labellum which has more the character of a thickened semi-
circular ridge in mitchelli rather than a raised flattened sur-
face as in squamata.
In this species, as in the other two, there are great con-
tinental variations in the length of the sepal points which
are sometimes found to be quite short. Their length would
appear to depend on local conditions and circumstances.
EXPLANATION OF PLATES.
Puate XIV.
Prasophyllum intricatum, Stuart.
Fig. 1. The plant (natural! size).
» 2. Flower (enlarged) seen from above.
a ee 5 4 i below.
oe) Column i front.
gat WOE. bs ie us the back.
Sadpies i" ste bbe the side, showing ciliation
of outer division of the
lateral appendage.
» ?. Upper-surface of labellum (enlarged).
,, 8. Lower-surface af », showing recurved tip.
9. Side view oe 9
Be yall,
seaileas
SS CON
EDOM E00 82
CP OMe Co)
244
Puate XV.
Pterostylis mitchellt.
Labellum and claw from above.
a0 My side view.
Ay of under-surface.
Column from the side.
Be ae front.
A As ,, With the membranous wings re-
moved, showing the vertical
channel between the stigma
and rostellum.
P. rufa.
Side view of labellum and claw; ap=the appendage.
Diagrammatic drawing to show how the appendage in
this species is developed as a transverse fold at the
base of the lamina, the dotted margins of the fold
fusing together, so as to form a solid eminence;
ap=the appendage.
Upper-surface of labellum and claw.
Lower-surface of the same.
Column from the side.
if ss front.
i” ,, the membranous wings removed
so as to show the vertical
channel communicating be-
tween stigma and rostellum.
P. squamata.
A side view of the labellum.
Labellum from the top.
= » below.
Column », the side.
,, the front.
Another view of the front of column, with the mem-
branous wings removed.
245
ON SOME MOTHS FROM MELVILLE AND BATHURST
ISLANDS IN THE SOUTH AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM.
By A. JEFFEeRIS TuRNER, M.D., F.E.S.
[Read July 9, 1914. ]
Melville and Bathurst Islands form one land-mass, being
separated from each other only by a narrow strait, some 125
miles long by 50 broad, on the North Australian coast, due
north of Port Darwin. About sixty species of moths lately
collected on these islands by Mr. W. D. Dodd have been
sent to me for examination. On a first glance the close
affinity of the fauna with that of Port Darwin, from which
locality I have received many specimens collected by Mr.
F. P. Dodd and Mr. G. F. Hill, is at once apparent. Among
the smaller species are several which I have here described as
new, and I give a classified list of all the species and genera
that I have identified. The smaller forms are unfortunately
in very poor condition for examination, and some of them
belong to groups with whose structure I am as yet little con-
versant, and these have had to be omitted from my list. All
the species are from Melville Island, with the exception of
Nos. 19, 28, 47, and 49, which are from Bathurst Island.
Nos. 26, 30, and 54 are from both islands. All the types
with one exception are in the South Australian Museum.
Lepidoptera from Melville and Bathurst Islands.
ARCTIAD 4 :—No.tinz—1, Wola, sp.; Liraos1anz—
2, Lambula pristina, Wik. (=uridescens, Luc.) ; ARCTIANZ—
3, Rhodogastria timiolis, Turn., M.S. (this species will be
published shortly).
AGARISTIDA :—4, Idalima metasticta, Hmps.
NOCTUIDA:—Carocatinz—5, Donuca lanipes, Butl. ;
6, Achea janata, Lin. (=melicerta, Drury); ERastRianz—
7, Eublemma dimidialis, Fab. (=secta, Su.).
LYMANTRIADA:—Asotinaz—8, Argina cribraria,
Clerck.; LyMANTRIANE—9, Hwproctis epaxia, Turn.
SPHINGID 4 :—10, Herse convolvuli, Lin.
GEOMETRID 4 :—AcrpaLtianz—11, Xenocentris pilo-
sata, Warr.; 12, Acidalia tenuipes, n. sp.; GEOMETRINE—
13, Prasinocyma albicosta, Wlk.; 14, Huschema fenestrata,
Swains., Port Darwin form; Monoctentanz—15, Hpidesmia
246
reservata, Wlk.; 6, “WMonoctenia: infaniilis, Prout. yo
Monoctena orthodesma, Low. (=pallidula, Luc.); 18,
Adeixis inostentata, Wlk.; Boarmianz—l19, LHetrops rufi-
brunnea, Warr.; 20, Lomographa sabulosa, Turn, M.S. (this
species will be published shortly).
URANIAD At :——Eprpteminz—21, Chundana pheospila,
ia, ‘Sie
KUPTEROTID A :—22, Nervicampressa dubia, B.-Bak.
LIMACODID Ah :-—23, A podecta monodisca, Turn.
PSYCHID At :—-24, Clania sciogramma, n. sp.; 25,
Plutorectis, sp.
THYRIDIDA :—26, Striglina glareola, Feld.
PYRALID A :—Pavycirinz—27, Hypsotropha mpho-
pleura, Turn.; 28, Anerastria eurysticha, Turn.; 29, Htvella
melanella, Amps. ; ScumnoBianz—30, Schenobius imparellus,
Meyr.; 31, Schaenohius adjurellus, Wlik.; PyraLIn=—32,
Endotricha mesenterialis, Wik.; Pyraustinz—33, Vymphula
stagnalis, Zel.; 34, Nymphula crisonalis, Wlk.; Cataclysta
repititalis,- Warr.; 36, Perisyntrocha anialis,, Wikis 3e
Beotarcha divisa, Luc.; 38, Pleuroptya balteata, Fab.; 39,
Metasia polytema, Turn. ; 40, Jfetasta capnochroa, Meyr.
PTEROPHORID At:—41, Platyptilia brachymorpha,
Meyr.; 42, Alucita lactecpennis, Wik.; 43, Trichoptilus, sp.
ZBKUZERID Ai:—44, NXyleutes, sp.
TORTRICID 44: —Eucosminz—45, Laspeyresta exem-
plaris, Meyr.; 46, Laspeyresia martia, Meyr.
TINEIDA: — Xyvioryvotinm — 47, Maroga mythica,
Meyr.; 48, Aylorycta, sp.; 49, Lichenaula candescens, Low. ;
50, Chalarotona(?), sp.; GELEcHIANHZ—D1, Crocanthes, sp. ;
52, Crocanthes, sp.; C&copHorin#z—53, FHulechria, sp.;
HyponomeutTinz—54, Lactura erythractis, Meyr.; GuyPHIP-
TERYGINA—55, Brenthia quadriforella, Zel. ; 56, Glyphipteryz,
sp.
In addition to these there are several species of micro-
lepidoptera which I am unable to identify.
ACIDALIA TENUIPES, Nl. Sp.
Tenuipes, with slender feet.
3,14 mm. Head whitish; face and palpi dark-fuscous.
Antenne whitish; ciliations in male 2. Thorax and abdomen
whitish, with a few fuscous scales. Legs whitish; anterior
pair fuscous; posterior pair in male long and slender, tibiz
slender without spurs. Forewings triangular, costa very
slightly arched, apex round-pointed, termen bowed, oblique;
247
whitish without ochreous tinge; markings and a general sparse
irroration fuscous; three dots, subcostal, median, and sub-
dorsal, representing antemedian curved line at 1; a finely
dentate line, slightly sinuate, from costa at 2 to mid-dorsum ;
preceded saa a blackish median discal dot; a ‘similar line from
# costa to # dorsum; a distinct wavy line near termen; an
interrupted blackish terminal line; cilia fuscous-whitish with
fuscous irroration. Hindwings with termen rounded, as
forewings, but with a straight transverse line just preceding
discal dot, and no median line.
Distinguished from all known Australian species by the
long slender posterior tibiz, except from cwsaria and innocens,
both of which are very distinct.
CHUNDANA PHHOSPILA, N. sp.
gdatoomtAos, dusky-spotted.
3, 17 mm. Head grey-whitish; face and palpi dark-
fuscous. Antenne dark-fuscous; in male thickened with
minute ciliations. Thorax dark-fuscous, tegule and patagia
grey-whitish. Legs dark-fuscous; middle and posterior tibiz
and tarsi grey-whitish. Forewings elongate-triangular, costa
slightly arched, apex rounded, termen excavated beneath
apex strongly bowed and projecting beneath excavation,
apex of projection between veins 3 and 4; a large double basal
subdorsal fovea; grey-whitish; markings brownish-fuscous;
some general strigulation, much denser on costal edge; a small
discal spot before middle; a spot on # dorsum, with another
just above; indications of a faint interrupted rather strongly
curved line from 4 costa to # dorsum; a‘small blotch before
midtermen; a fine terminal line; cilia whitish, suffused with
brownish-fuscous on apex, beneath apex, and on apex of
protuberance. Hindwings with termen excavated in middle;
colour as in forewings; fine transverse lines at 4 and 4; two
dots just before midtermen; cilia whitish.
’ This is the second Australian species recorded of this
small Papuan genus.
CLANIA SCIOGRAMMA, N.. sp.
oKkioypapmos, with shady markings.
36, 42-44 mm. Head fuscous. Antenne dark-fuscous.
Thorax fuscous; centre of patagia ochreous-whitish. Abdomen
and legs dark-fuscous. Forewings elongate, costa gently
arched, apex rounded, termen nearly straight, strongly
oblique; brownish-fuscous; central area of disc whitish, thinly
scaled, translucent; median, submedian, and veins 4, 5, and 6
blackish; extremities of all veins. reaching termen also
248
blackish ; cilia brownish-fuscous, apices darker. Hindwings
with termen nearly straight; fuscous; towards base thinly
scaled; cilia fuscous. Veins 4 and 5 of hindwings are stalked
in one example, connate in two; 7 and 8 of hindwings show
no connection or anastomosis.
Northern Australia, Port Darwin ; one specimen received
from Mr. G. F. Hill, Melville Island; two specimens taken
by Mr. W. D. Dodd. The type is in my collection.
249
NOTES ON SOME MISCELLANEOUS COLEOPTERA,
WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES.
By Arruur M. Lea, F.E.S., Museum Entomologist.
Wionesbabion from the South Australian Museum. |]
[Read October 8, 1914.]
Prats XVI.
The South Australian Museum having acquired the col-
lection of Coleoptera formed by the late Rev. T. Blackburn,
with the exception of the majority of his types,” Adelaide
entomologists are placed in an exceptionally favourable con-
dition for the rapid and accurate determination of specimens
of that immense Order. For several years prior to his
decease he had practically confined his descriptive work to the
Scarabeide, but his general collection was steadily on the
increase, and contained an enormous number of specimens
of many other families. The Museum also has had enormous
recent additions from other sources, and before-hand had a
rather fine collection, so that many undescribed species are
available. I purpose submitting to the Society such of these
as I can find time to work up; with comments on previously-
described species where such seem desirable.
PSELAPHID A.
PALIMBOLUS FEMORALIS, Lea.
The type of this species was immature. A specimen from
the Rev. T. Blackburn’s collection, from the Victorian Alps,
is evidently normally coloured. It is reddish-castaneous, with
the abdomen somewhat darker, its head and prothorax are
almost black, and the base and suture cf its elytra are stained
with piceous. The hairs composing its femoral fascicles are
‘matted together, so that each of these appears as a thin
curved extension of the femoral tooth.
In general appearance it is very close to victorie, but the
male characters are very different.
(1) There are, however, immense numbers of co-types (marked
as such) in the collection, and for all practical purposes these are
as useful as the types.
250
HISTERID 43.
CHLAMYDOPSIS ATRA, Nl. Sp.
Black, tarsi and antennz reddish, tibie usually more or
less diluted with red. A few short sete scattered about at
apex of elytra, and apex and sides of prothorax, a small
fascicle of somewhat longer sete on each epaulette.
Head almost vertical; with shallow net-like punctures.
Antenne with basal-joint wide, flat, and curved, club curved
and subcylindrical, its tip visible from above when at rest.
Prothorazx strongly transverse, with punctures as on head,
both above and below; disc regularly raised to middle from
sides, front margin unevenly elevated, sides oblique and feebly
increasing in width to base. Hlytra subquadrate; with a
wide transverse depression near base, the depression continued
to sides, but towards each side concealed by a raised
epaulette, the latter with an oblique impression cutting it
off from the base, behind each epaulette a raised process;
each side of scutellar region with a flattened slightly-elevated
space within the depression, behind the elevated spaces smooth
and impunctate, then with feeble striz turning into net-like
‘punctures, rest of upper-surface with similar punctures, a
wide depression on each side about apex; epipleurz with strie,
all converging to the lateral openings of the basal impression.
Pygidium and propygidium large, conjointly convex, and with
net-like but very shallow punctures. Prosternwm with net-
like punctures; flattened along middle. Metasternum highly
polished, sides with irregular punctures, with a narrow median
line. Abdomen highly polished, the sides with irregular
punctures. Legs moderately long; tibiz conspicuously
flanged, flange of front tibiz increasing in width from apex
to basal fourth, and then abruptly terminated, of middle pair
much the same, but rather less abruptly terminated, and
of hind pair still less abruptly terminated. Length, 2 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Mount Tambourine (A. M. Lea).
Eype, Teo:
In size and colour like ectatomme, but elytral depression ~
near base without conspicuous transverse striz, shoulders,
apex of prothorax, and abdomen, etc., different. From séria-
tella, to which in some respects it is ‘closer, it differs in the
much more conspicuously net-like punctures. Reticulata is
also allied, but is a paler species, with very different
humeral clothing. :
A number of specimens were taken in January by means
of the sweep net, used on low herbage, ferns, etc., late in the
afternoon, and probably other species could be obtained in
the same way as they came out to mate. There was a
251
specimen of the species from Northern Queensland in the
collection of the late Rev. T. Blackburn.
LUCANID A.
AHGUS JANSONI, Boileau.
Plsexvis, tio... 1.
This species has been taken at the Herberton River and
elsewhere in Northern Queensland. Mr. Dodd has chopped
several specimens out of the trunks of living trees at Kuranda.
AGUS SUBBASALIS, 0. sp.
Ply Xva. 5) ales. Zu aanid:,.3..
d. Black. Tip of abdomen and parts of legs with
numerous short pale sete.
Head about thrice as wide as long; with dense, but
irregularly distributed, round punctures, becoming smaller in
front. Upper lip narrow, each side appearing as an obtuse
tubercle. Mandibles moderately long, surface punctured and
shagreened ; near base with a strong simple tooth, apical por-
tion circular in section and acutely pointed. Prothoraz
almost twice as wide as long, apex bisinuate, front angles
produced, hind ones strongly rounded off, margins finely
crenulated ; punctures somewhat as on head, on disc smaller
and sparser than elsewhere, crowded on sides. EHlytra about
the width of prothorax, parallel-sided to near apex, which is
widely rounded, sides narrowly margined; strongly striated,
the interstices with distinct punctures, sometimes in rows,
the sides with denser and larger punctures. Under-surface
with coarse punctures in places. Legs moderately long; front
tibiz with from four to six strong teeth, and some smaller
ones, the other tibie each with two acute median teeth and
some apical ones. Length (including mandibles), 18-22 mm.
©. Differs in having much coarser punctures, head less
transverse, mandibles much shorter and comparatively stouter,
large tooth submedian instead of subbasal, and semidouble ;
and legs somewhat shorter. Length, 174-18 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns (EK. Allen), Kuranda (F. P.
Dodd and H. J. Carter), Upper Herberton River (C. French),
Cape York (H. Elgner). Type, I. 2730.
Much smaller than jansoni, mandibles of male without
the apical flange of that species, and the basal tooth single,
head not shagreened, or only to a slight extent in front, and
prothorax of somewhat different shape.
EUCARTERIA, n. g. .
3. Head wide, widely bilobed in front. Each eye com-
pletely divided by a narrow canthus. Each antenna inserted .
252
under an apical lobe; scape somewhat longer than funicle, the
latter six-jointed; club three-jointed. Palpi slender. Man-
dibles moderately long, thin but deep; inner side hairy.
Prothorax transverse, margins crenulate. Scutellwm trans-
verse. lytra suboblong, apex widely rounded. Intercoxal
process of mesosternum narrow, feebly grooved. Abdomen
short. Legs rather long, front tibie multi-dentate; tarsi
long, claws long, onychium very thin, about one-third the
length of claws.
@. Differs in having head smaller, mandibles much
shorter and wider than deep, prothorax smaller and legs
shorter, with stouter femora.
The only species known is a beautiful little insect that
occurs on flowers in the Dorrigo scrub. It is evidently allied
to Lamprima, but has four eyes, much thinner mandibles and
palpi, very different mesosternal process, spur of front tibiz
simple, etc. Mhyssonotus, which also has four eyes, has very
different mandibles, antennz, and mesosternal process. Caco-
stomus, also with four eyes, is perhaps its nearest ally, but
has very different mandibles and a scaly body.
EUCARTERIA FLORALIS, 0. Sp.
IP ehexavaten ohieis 4 wander
6. Black or blackish, with a brassy or brassy-green
gloss; parts of under-surface, antenne, palpi, tibie, and tarsi
reddish, femora flavous; elytra with an oblique flavous vitta
from each shoulder to about apical fourth, but not quite
touching suture.
Head about twice as wide as long; with dense and rather
coarse punctures, surface subtuberculate in places. Mandibles
with moderately dense punctures. Prothorax about once and
one-half as wide as long, strongly convex, apex shallowly
emarginate, lateral margins finely crenulated, and widest at
about basal third; with scattered punctures of rather small
size but sharply defined; with a small round fovea on each
side of front of disc. Scutellum about twice as wide as long,
apex widely rounded; with distinct punctures. JSlytra
parallel-sided to near apex, surface finely wrinkled in places,
and with small, scattered punctures. Jemora stout; front
tibie strongly dentate externally, the teeth varying in num-
ber from six to nine, but the three apical ones always larger
than the others, with a strong apical spur; middle tibie
moderately curved, apex with two spurs, one of which is
ccurved ; hind tibiz with two strong apical spurs; tarsi long,
apical-joint (including the claws) as long as the others com-
bined. Length (including mandibles), 74-11 mm.
253
Q. Differs in being smaller (7-8 mm.). Head smaller,
with denser and coarser punctures; mandibles short, stout,
narrowly keeled at outer edge, and cuspidate at middle of
inner edge, with coarse punctures and much sparser hairs.
Prothorax with coarser and denser punctures, margins nar-
rower but more strongly crenulated, and discal fovee feeble.
Elytra shghtly wider, with stronger and denser punctures and
wrinkles; and legs shorter and stouter.
_ Hab.-—New South Wales: Dorrigo (H. J. Carter, from
R. J. Tillyard and W. Heron). Type, J. 2729.
The mandibles of the male vary greatly in size, on some
specimens they are longer than the head is wide, on others
they are scarcely longer than those of the female. Hach may
be compared to a piece of thin metal that has been irregularly
shaped ; starting from the front of the head the base is some-
what rounded, then there is a wide curve extending to the
apex, with the outer wall almost vertical; from the apex it
is curved backwards for about one-fourth its length, where
there is a distinct tooth, behind this there is usually a feeble
one, and thence to the base it is feebly undulated. When
the pair are clenched the right one overlaps the left; the
basal third of each almost touch, the apical two-thirds form
an elongate-elliptic opening. The elytra in the large males
are slightly narrower than the prothorax at its widest, but in
the small males they are quite as wide. The hind tibiz are
sometimes scarcely darker than the femora. The front of
the head is usually diluted with red.
SCARAB AID Ai.
ANOPLOGNATHUS CONCINNUS, Blackb.
The type, and a co-type of this species, are simply small
specimens of wneus from which the metallic-golden lustre has
been almost entirely removed; almost certainly through
immersion in formalin. I have seen specimens of masters: in
exactly the same condition. Also specimens of Anoplostethus
letus from which it has been removed in spots. A few years
ago Mr. Hacker had many of his Ncerthern Queensland speci-
mens injured in exactly the same manner through placing
them in formalin.
RHIPIDOCERID 4.
ENNOMETES RUFICORNIS, Gray.
EF. lacordairei, Pasc.
Westwood’s figure of Callirhipis ruficormis given in
Cuvier’s Animal Kingdom (2) renders it quite certain that
2) Insecta, 1., pl. xxxix., fig. 2.
254
the species is the one subsequently described by Pascoe as Z.
lacordairet.©) Gray’s description “) is simply ‘‘Dark reddish-
castaneous; the elytra striated, with broad punctures;
antenne reddish.’’ The locality was given as New South
Wales. The late Rev. T. Blackburn surmised this synonymy, ©)
but apparently he had seen the description only and did not
know the female.
The antennal rami vary in length in four males) that
I refer to the species. The ramus of the third joint on one
specimen is scarcely, twice the length of the joint itself, in
another it 1s almost thrice the length of the joint; in the
others it is intermediate; in the first specimen the tip of the
ramus if pressed flat would extend to about the middle of
the eighth joint.
ENNOMETES BIFOVEICOLLIS, Nn. Sp.
3. Dark-brown, antennze (two basal-joints excepted)
and palpi paler. Moderately clothed with short and some-
what silken pubescence, denser and longer on under-surface
of femora than elsewhere.
Head somewhat concave, with dense punctures. Antenne
with basal-joint stout, about as long as the distance between
eyes, second short, with an obtuse inner projection, third
distinctly longer than fourth, third to tenth each with a long
ramus of subequal lengths, eleventh distinctly curved, about
as long as the ramus of tenth. Prothorax moderately trans-
verse, upper-surface strongly rounded in front, with a vague
median line terminating near the base in a shallow depression,
a strong fovea on each side of middle of disc; with dense
punctures. Hlytra about as wide as prothorax, and almost
four times as long, parallel-sided to beyond the middle; with
rows of large, deep, transverse punctures, becoming irregular
in places; alternate interstices feebly raised, but all with
small punctures. Length, 20 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Claudie River (January, 1914, J.
A. Kershaw). Type in National Museum, Melbourne.
Longer than ruficornis and almost twice as wide, latero-
median fovee of prothorax much deeper, elytral punctures
larger, and apical joint of antenne more strongly curved,
etc. There are eleven rows of large punctures across the
middle of each elytron, but, near the base there are two
(3) The type of ruficornis being a female, and of lacordairet a
male.
(4) Page 365, not 336, as given in Masters’ Catalogue.
(5) These Transactions, 1900, p. 50.
(6) Including one so identified by Mr. Blackburn.
255
additional scutellar rows ; the punctures are also very irregular
about the shoulders and apex. The type has its head pro-
jecting forward and so leaving the jugular membrane ex-
posed, and also exposing two curious chitonous processes
placed behind the eyes; each is concave, and with its hind
edge produced into a sharp flat point that projects above the
prosternum. Somewhat similar processes are also present on
the males of ruficornis and of Callirhipis cardwellensis,
although they are concealed when the head is resting on the
prosternum. -
CALLIRHIPIS CARDWELLENSIS, Blackb.
Pingxvits fie. 6.
The type of this species 7) is now before me. It is a
female. The species is apparently a somewhat variable one,
as a second female has the elytral costa much more pro-
nounced, on the type they are just traceable; the first is
joined to the second at about one-fifth from the apex (the
space between being longitudinally concave), these are then
joined to the fourth half-way to the apex (the space between
being also longitudinally concave, but with the third costa
running along the middle). The prothorax is strongly rounded
in front, with a small and rather deep fovea on each side of
the middle of the disc, and a smaller one obliquely between
same and the middle of the base.
The male differs from the female in being more opaque
(due partly to fine pubescence and partly to density of small
punctures) with the antennal rami very long (much longer
on some specimens than on others). The discal prothoracic
fovez are decidedly larger and deeper than on the female.
The elytral costz are also variable.
Hab.—Queensland: Cardwell (type), Kuranda, Cairns,
Coen River, etc.
CALLIRHIPIS RETICULATA, 1. sp.
Pils sx<vigg. ess) 75 and, 8:
6. Dark-brown, antennz (two basal-joints excepted)
and palpi paler. Rather densely (more sparsely on depressed
parts of elytra than elsewhere) clothed with short silken
pubescence. :
Head with dense punctures; and with a short medio-basal
impression. Antennal rami very long. Prothorax moder-
ately transverse, strongly rounded in front and overhanging
head, base trisinuate, with a conspicuous fovea on each side
of middle of disc, and a less distinct one between same and
(7) By the courtesy of Mr. Kershaw, of the National Museum,
Melbourne.
256
middle of base, a wide, shallow basal depression towards each
side; punctures as on head. Slytra very little wider than
prothorax, but about four times as long, gradually narrowed
posteriorly, each with four irregular longitudinal costiform
elevations, connected by numerous irregular transverse or
oblique ones; with dense and rather coarse punctures, the
interspaces between same with small and not very dense punc-
tures, but becoming denser on the coste. Legs moderately long
and thin. Length, 21 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Kuranda (C. French). Type in
National Museum, Melbourne.
In build fairly close to the male of cardwellensis, but
upper-surface with more conspicuous clothing, and elytra with
net-like elevations and much coarser punctures. On the male
of that species (on the female they are very different) there
are fairly dense punctures of moderate size, the largest being
distinctly less than half the width of the sutural interstice,
and all the interspaces are crowded with much smaller punc-
tures. On the present species the large punctures are at least
half of the width of the sutural interstice, many are quite as
wide, and a few are even wider; the interspaces are also much
less densely covered with small punctures. The elevated parts
are moderately clothed, but the depressed parts are almost
glabrous; whereas on the male of cardwellensis all parts of
the elytra are about equally clothed with short pubescence.
The first joint of the antennz is stout, rounded in front,
dilated to apex, and about as long as the distance between
the eyes; the second is short, with a short, subtriangular
inner projection; the third is about as long as the second,
but has a very long ramus (distinctly longer than the pro-
thorax is wide at the base): the fourth to tenth slightly
diminish in thickness, but each has a ramus about equal to
that of the third; the eleventh joint is about as long as the
ramus of the tenth.
A second specimen from Cairns (J. A. Anderson’s No.
319) is smaller (16 mm.); its left antenna is broken, but
the right (fig. 8) is present and most peculiar. The fourth
and fifth joints are distinctly separated internally, but with
a long ramus common to both; the sixth and seventh and
eighth and ninth are similarly ramose. In other respects,
however, it agrees with the type.
PTINID AS.
POLYPLOCOTES OVIPENNIS, Nl. sp.
Black; parts of legs and of antennz obscurely diluted
with red. Middle of sterna, except exact middle of meta-
sternum, and a patch towards each side of basal segment of
257
abdomen, with dense flavous pubescence; elsewhere very
sparsely pubescent, but elytra glabrous, except about base.
Head about twice as wide as long; eyes oblique and pro-
minent. Antenne extending to about. basal third of elytra,
joints more or less feebly granulated, first stout and somewhat
longer than second, second and third somewhat longer than
wide, fourth just perceptibly longer than wide, fifth to
seventh each about as long as wide, eighth about one-fourth
wider than seventh, and once and one-half longer, ninth very
little longer than seventh. Prothorax as described in
castaneus. Elytra rather widely ovate, strongly convex, base
truncate and each side with four small but deep impressions ;
with regular rows of small punctures, the interstices shining,
and sparsely or not at all punctate. Three basal segments of
abdomen large, their sutures distinct at sides but very feeble
across middle; punctures very small and sparse; apical seg-
ments very small. Legs long; femora moderately stout.
Length, 3 mm. 7
Hab.—Central Australia: Lake Callabonna (A. Zietz).
Type. i. 960. |
The head in front of the antennz is invisible from above,
strongly sculptured and projecting, with the mandibles further
projecting, so that from the sides it appears to be rostrate.
From above the second joint of the antennz appears shorter
than the third, but from the sides it is seen to be somewhat
longer. |
Differs from longicollis in having the elytra larger and
more ovate, antennze longer and thinner, with ninth joint
considerably longer and much less compressed; in longicollis
the eighth and ninth joints are so compressed that their
width is fully twice their depth; in the present species, while
not circular in section, they are certainly not twice as wide
as deep.
TENEBRIONID i.
CAMPONOTIPHILUS, n. g.
Head immersed in prothorax almost to front of eyes.
Eyes rather large and coarsely faceted. Antenne rather
short, joints more or less compressed. Mandibles bifid at apex.
Prothorax transverse, margins rather wide. Scutelluwm dis-
tinct. Hlytra parallel-sided to near apex, non-striated ;
epipleure fairly wide, with a narrow continuous groove from
base to apex. Prosternum obtusely ridged along middle, with
intercoxal process rather narrow. Mesosternum considerably
produced in front; intercoxal process narrow posteriorly,
dilated in front, and then subtriangularly depressed. Meta-
sternum rather long, episterna wide. Abdomen with first
J
256
segment at sides not much longer than second, fourth shortest
of all, and rather distinctly produced backwards at sides.
Legs moderately long; tibize feebly bispinose at apex. Body
winged. .
A curious genus, like so many whose species occur in ants’
nests; but evidently belongs to the Ulomides and near Uloma
and Heterocheira, from which it differs in its explanate pro-
thoracic margins and absence of elytral striation. The apex
of the third and fourth abdominal segments is not at all mem-
branous, and this, according to Leconte’s classification, would
exclude it from the Ulomides, but certainly in some Aus-
tralian genera of that subfamily the membranous tip is either
very small or altogether wanting. Leconte also says the
trochanter of the middle coxa is sometimes absent and
“‘appears to me rather to be united with the mesosternum
than to be absolutely wanting.’’ In his table of the divisions
of the Tenebrionides he states that in the Ulomini the troch-
anters of the middle coxz are obsolete. But in the typical
genus Uloma and in the allied genera Heterocheira and
Achthosus, as also in the present one, a distinct trochanter
is visible on every leg. I cannot conceive also how portion
of a leg, essentially intermediate between the coxa and femur,
can by any possibility be united to the mesosternum.
CaMPONOTIPHILUS FIMBRICOLLIS, n. sp.
RIES xvyis hie:
Dark reddish-castaneous; shining. Upper-surface very
sparsely clothed with short pubescence, becoming slightly
longer and fairly distinct on margins of elytra; on margins
of prothorax shorter and denser, forming a rather conspicuous
fringe.
Head smooth; very minutely and sparsely punctate,
gently undulated in front; distance between eyes less than
half the width of the head immediately in front of same.
Antennz scarcely as long as prothorax is wide at the base,
first joint concealed from above, second short, third longest
of all, the others to eighth feebly decreasing in length and
very feebly increasing in width, eleventh slightly longer than
tenth. Prothorax almost twice as wide as the median length,
rather deeply emarginate in front, front angles rounded off,
sides rounded, near base feebly incurved but hind angles
rather strongly produced and subacutely pointed, median line
short and vague; with minute but fairly dense punctures;
margins wide, average width about equal to space between
eyes. Scutellum transverse, slightly wider than an eye.
Elytra parallel-sided to near apex, very little wider than base
of prothorax, a vague impression near sides at basal third;
259
punctures very indistinct or absent. Hind femora extending
almost to middle of third abdominal segment; tarsi rather
sparsely setose on under-surface. Length, 84-94 mm
Hab.—Western Australia: Beverley, under logs in nests
of Camponotus, sp. (F. H. du Boulay).
The colour is of an almost even shade throughout,
although some specimens are darker than others. From
behind the sparse clothing on the disc of the elytra is seen
to be in quite regular rows, but from most. directions the
linear arrangement is not at all evident. The pronotum,
except towards the sides, is entirely glabrous, and on some
specimens has vague medio-discal, or _pcstero-lateral
impressions.
PYROCHROID 4.
LEMODES TUMIDIPENNIS, Blair.
This beautiful little insect has been taken in rotting wood
by Messrs. H. J. Carter, J. J. Walker, and others at Lily-
vale and elsewhere in the Illawarra district, and on- the Blue
Mountains, and by myself at Mount Tambourine, in
Queensland.
LEMODES CHZRULEIVENTRIS, Blair.
Two specimens from the Cairns district (F. P. Dodd and
A. M. Lea) appear to belong to this species, but they have
a vague impression along the middle of the prothorax. The
upper-surface also in addition to the sparse pubescence has
fairly numerous erect hairs. One of the specimens has a
vague bluish gloss on the upper-surface, but the other is
entirely without it. ae
CANTHARIDA.
SITARIDA HOPEI, White.
(?) Getymes flavicornis, Pase.
The locality originally given for this insect was New
Holland, and as specimens were recorded from many parts of
Australia in Stokes’ ‘‘Discoveries in Australia,’’ there was
no warrant for recording it from King George Sound, as was
done in Masters’ Catalogue.
There is in the National (Melbourne) Museum a "specimen
from Purnong (South Australia) that is possibly hopez,; it
agrees well with the generic description and with the figure,
except that the prothorax is more dilated in the middle. But
in the description the colours were noted as ‘‘Black; elytra
slightly pitchy.’’ ‘The specimen under consideration is mostly
of a dingy brownish-red, with parts of the head, of sides of
prothorax, of legs and of antenne, and most of the under-
surface black or blackish. Its length is 19 lines (the type
was 17). ;
32
260
It seems quite possible that Gatymes flavicornis is the
male of the species. But J am unaware as to whether speci-
mens (which are of the rarest in collections) have ever been
taken mating.
SITARIDA SCABRICEPS, n. sp.
Pl. xvi., figs. 10 and 11.
Deep black, elytra partly of a dingy-flavous; tip of
abdomen and parts of tarsi of a dingy-red. Rather. sparsely
clothed with greyish pubescence.
/1ead moderately transverse, widest near base, base gently
emarginate; with dense and rather strong punctures through-
out; forehead with numerous small angular processes or
tubercles. Eyes each divided into two lobes of uneven sizes.
Antenne rather short, first joint curved, about as long as the
four following combined, second and third short, fourth
longer and equilaterally triangular, fifth to tenth serrate,
eleventh oblique, about half the length of first. Prothorax
about as long as wide, widest slightly in advance of middle,
thence rather strengly narrowed to apex, and feebly diminish-
ing in width to base, basal angles rounded and not at all
produced, median line distinct ; surface somewhat uneven and
with slightly coarser punctures than on head. EHlytra about
as long as head and prothorax combined, each gradually
diminishing in width to apex, which is obtusely rounded, with
four obtuse coste; surface shagreened, in places finely rugu-
lose punctate. Length, 8-124 mm.
Hab.—Tasmania: Hobart, reared in breeding-cages from
logs of wood (A. M. Lea). Type, 1. 3208.
The colours are apparently much as in minor, except that
a much greater portion of the elytra is pale); but differs
from the description and figure of that species in the head
being of different shape and much rougher, third joint even
shorter than second, instead of as long as fourth, prothorax
of very different shape (especially at the base) and without
smooth elevations. The connecting piece between the lobes
of each eye is very narrow, but two rows of facets may be
traced at the narrowest part. The abdomen has irregularly
dried on the three specimens before me; on the under-surface
of one it is widely concave along the middle, on another it is
longitudinally sulcate, whilst on the third the fourth segment
is quite strongly ridged along the middle. Hach of them (as
also on the three specimens of the following species) has a
narrow process projecting from the tip of the abdomen; but
(8) Rather more than half, the dark parts being the apical
two-fifths, and a slight amount at the base.
261
I am unable to state as to whether it is a penis-sheath or the
tip of an ovipositor.
SITARIDA QUADRILOBA, Nn. sp.
Deep black, in places shining. Sparsely clothed with
greyish pubescence.
Head rather strongly transverse, dilated from eyes to
near base; with dense and rather strong punctures through-
out ; with a shallow median depression, and one behind each
eye, thus dividing the base into four obtuse lobes. Eyes
very unevenly divided. Antenne short, first joint about as
long as three following combined, second and third short,
fourth stouter and larger, fifth to tenth briefly serrated,
eleventh moderately long. Prothoraz slightly wider than the
median length, narrowest at apex and irregularly increasing
in width to base, which is wider than head and irregularly
lobed; surface somewhat uneven, with a vague longitudinal,
and two still more vague transverse impressions; punctures
somewhat coarser and more rugose than on head. Scutellum
narrowly grooved along middle and notched at apex. Elytra
about as long as head and prothorax combined, sides rather
strongly incurved, apex less than half the width of base;
densely rugulose punctate, punctures smaller than on head
and very smal! about apex; with three obtuse coste. Length,
16-18 mm.
Hab.—South Australia: Mount Lofty (S. H. Curnow).
Type, I. 3207.
The figure ( of Sztarida minor will give a good general
idea of this insect, but it differs from the description of that
species in the entire upper-surface of the head being densely
punctate, and nowhere smooth, the third joint of antenne
shorter than the fourth, and prothorax without smooth tuber-
cular elevations. The eyes are almost completely divided,
only a single row of facets (invisible from most directions)
joining the two lobes. From the preceding species it is sharply
distinguished by the shape of the head and prothorax. Two
of the three specimens before me have the shoulders feebly
diluted with red.
PAL&HSTRA RUBRIPENNIS, Cast.
P. quadrifoveata, Fairm.
Tmesidera rufipennis, Westw. ©
Palestrida bicolor, White.
¥ concur with the late Rev. T. Blackburn as to the
synonymy of this species, but believe in addition that bzcolor
(9) Trans. Ent. Soc., Lond., 1895, pl: vi., fig. 11.
262
belongs to it. There are specimens in the Museum from New
South Wales, Tasmania, and South Australia. In Masters’
Catalogue bzcolor was recorded as from King George Sound,
but probably in error; in the original description New Holland
was the only locality given. Reference to the figure (pl. i1.,
fig. 1) was also omitted.
ZONITIS.
A curious sexual feature that appears to have been
entirely overlooked hitherto 9 is the presence, on the males
of many species, of a curious notch on the front femora. On
sedillott, violacerpennis, and purpureipennis it is a simple
notch on the upper-surface near the apex. On bipartita
there is also a notch, but a depression is continued for a short
distance towards the base from the notch, the depression being
visible only from above. On aspericeps, rugosipennis, and
rostrata, and to a less extent on cyanipennis, the upper-surface
from the notch to the base appears to have been pared down,
so that near the apex of the femur there appears to be an
obtuse tooth projecting backwards. It appears to be almost
confined to the species having more or less metallic elytra,
although apparently not present on the males of every species
having such elytra.
ZONITIS BIZONATA, Macl.
The original description of this species was simply a brief
comparison with apicalis; but a specimen from Mackay (from
the late Rev. T. Blackburn’s collection) and two from Palm
Island and Cairns (from the Macleay Museum) now before
me were so named, and I have no doubt correctly so. The
Mackay specimen has the abdomen infuscate. All three have
the antenne entirely dark, except the base of the first joint.
Five specimens from the Coen River differ in having
the two basal-joints of antenne entirely pale, and the pale
median portion of the elytra of variable extent, but consider-
ably less than on the others, and two of them have the
abdomen slightly infuscated. One has the elytral punctures
slightly but noticeably stronger than on the others.
The dark parts of the elytra are sometimes of an almost
plain black, but usually have a purplish or bluish gloss. On
the prothorax there is usually a rather vague subfoveate
impression on each side of the disc, but they vary from prac-
tically absent to rather conspicuous.
(10) At any rate on Australian species of the genus; and it is
not mentioned by Lacordaire.
(11) A non-metallic species.
263
ZONITIS COWLEYI, Blackb.
A specimen from Cape York, recently taken by Mr. W.
_D. Dodd, evidently belongs to this species; an unusually dis-
tinct one on account of its very large eyes, rostrum-like
prolongation of muzzle, and very long palpi. The antenne
are thin and slightly pass the tip of the elytra, the second (2)
joint is, if anything, a trifle longer than the third, but dis-
tinctly shorter than the fourth, and the following ones are
equal or subequal in length.
ZONITIS SPLENDIDA, Fairm.
Z. gloriosa, Blackb.
Two specimens from the Macleay Museum labelled “Wes-
tern Australia’ agree well with the description of splendida.
In Blackburn’s table“5) the species was separated from
gloriosa by the length of the head, but a specimen in the
South Australian Museum bearing his name-label “gloriosa”’
agrees well with the ones from the West. The punctures of
the prothorax are fairly distinct, but they are certainly fine.
On the Western specimens the muzzle is subtriangular in
shape, and on the Southern one parallel-sided; but these
differences are due solely to the mandibles being tightly
clenched on the former, and partly open on the latter.) The
general shape and colours (both unusual) are identical.
ZONITIS PALLICOLOR, Fairm.
There are specimens of this species in the Museum from
Victoria, South and Western Australia. An occasional speci-
men has the abdomen dark, and such specimens agree with
the brief description of fusczcornzs (described originally from
Queensland). If synonymous fuscicornis has priority.
ZONITIS HAKES, Nn. sp.
Black, prothorax flavous-red. Upper-surface glabrous.
Head elongate, widest across eyes, transversely and
longitudinally impressed between antenne; from clypeal
suture to apex of labrum almost as long as from same to neck.
(12) Only the two basal joints were on the type.
(13) Although tabulated by Blackburn, it was unknown to him
as such. The utility of including in a table species unknown
except by description to the author of same has always appeared
to me to be undesirable, unless there can be absolutely no doubt
as to the correctness of the position assigned to it in such tables.
(14) The sides of the mandibles forming the margins of the
muzzle, it naturally follows that the apparent shape of the latter
is altered by the opening or shutting of the former, and apparently
in many descriptions no allowance has been made for same.
264
Eyes widely separated, obliquely placed. Antennz compara-
tively short and stout, third joint about once and one-half
the length of second. Prothorax distinctly longer than wide,
widest slightly in advance of middle, sides thence strongly
narrowed to apex, and gently incurved between same and
base; with a vague median line on basal half; with numerous
distinct punctures of moderate size. Hlytra almost parallel-
sided except about base and apex; densely, moderately-
strongly, and rugosely punctate. Length, 4-11 mm.(5)
Hab.—Western Australia: Swan River, on flowers of
Hakea sp. (A. M. Lea). Type, I. 3209.
In Blackburn’s table would be associated with aspericeps
and rugosipennis; from the former it is readily distinguished
by its red and differently sculptured prothorax, and more
wrinkled but less coarsely punctured elytra. From the varie-
ties of rugosipennis with red prothorax it is distinguished by
its prothorax being wider at the apex and narrower at the
base, elytra very differently sculptured and legs entirely
black. Rostrata, whose colours are practically identical,
differs in having the punctures on the head very much
smaller, and on the elytra much larger, second joint of
antenneze much shorter and the prothoracic outlines and punc-
tures different. The four specimens before me are exactly
alike in colours, except that one has a vague purplish and
another a vague greenish gloss on the elytra. The smallest
one has a very distinct but rather shallow fovea on each side
of the prothorax, slightly nearer the base than apex, but on
the others there is scarcely a trace of same. The elytral punc-
tures are not sharply defined in the ordinary way, and the
interstices between them have an irregular vermiform
appearance.
ZONITIS MELANOPTERA, 0. Sp.
Of a rather dingy flavous-red ; elytra, abdomen, labrum,
antenne, palpi, tarsi, and apex of femora and of tibize more
or less black; metasternum infuscate on each side. Elytra
with very short, fine, ashen pubescence, rest of upper-surface
almost glabrous.
Head moderately long, widest across eyes, shallowly
impressed from between same to base of rostrum; with clearly
defined punctures of moderate size, but irregularly distributed.
Eyes moderately large, separation at nearest point about equal
to basal-joint of antenne, hind margin of each almost parallel
with adjacent margin of head. Antenne long, second and
third joints equal in length. Prothorazx distinctly longer
(15)No reliance is to be placed on size as an aid to identifi-
cation, as the range of variation is great in the majority of species.
265
than wide, sides oblique between middle and apex, gently
incurved between middle and base, median line feeble, a dis-
tinct but not very large fovea on each side of middle towards
base; with fairly dense and sharply defined punctures of
moderate size. Hlytra rather narrow, with very dense,
sharply defined punctures of rather small size, and seldom
confluent. Length, 53-8 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns (J. A. Anderson). Type,
I. 3210.
In Blackburn’s table would be placed in ‘‘A’’ and from
all the species of that section the combination of red head,
with black, non-metallic elytra, will readily distinguish it.
The colours as described are those of three specimens, a fourth
has the abdomen and metasternum entirely pale. This speci-
men in some respects agrees with the description of semirufa,
but differs in having the head red, prothoracic fovee nearer
base than apex, and second joint of antennz quite as long as
third; the elytral punctures, although distinct, are certainly
not ‘‘grossis’’; semirufa was also from the other side of the
continent.
var. NIGROTERMINALIS, n. var.
Two specimens (also from Cairns) agree absolutely in all
details of sculpture, but differ in having the elytra pale except
for about one-third of the apex, the black portion is not
straight across, but is narrowest at the suture, then obliquely
dilated forward, and then is somewhat rounded to each side.
One has the metasternum deeply infuscated; the other has it
entirely pale, but each shoulder is feebly infuscated.
These specimens, in Blackburn’s table, would be asso-
ciated with migroapicata, but they differ from the description
in having the prothorax non-foveate on sides, and elytra
without traces of elevated lines on the disc. They also differ
from the description of carpentarze in the third joint of
antenne being no longer than the second, femora partly
black, and prothorax and elytra with very distinct punctures.
In colours they agree well with the description of those of
apicalis, but the prothorax is of very different shape, and the
elytra are very densely instead of sparingly punctured.
ZONITIS PICTICORNIS, Nn. sp.
3. Reddish-flavous, elytra blackish, the suture and
sides (except at apex) flavous, antenne (except base of first
joint, apex of third, and base and apex of each of the follow-
ing ones), parts of palpi, tibiz, tarsi, and tips of femora more
or less blackish. Elytra rather densely clothed with very
short pubescence, rest of upper-surface sparsely clothed.
266
Head short, widest across eyes, distance from clypeal
suture to apex of labrum about half as long as from same to
prothorax, with a vague median line; with fairly dense and
sharply defined, but not very large punctures. Labrum with
a distinct median line, and sharply defined punctures. Eyes
large, separated less than length of basal-joint of antenne,
and much closer together on lower-surface. Antenne thin,
extending to tip of elytra, third joint somewhat longer than
second. Prothorax scarcely longer than wide, sides incurved
and narrowed between middle and apex, and feebly incurved
between middle and base, median line shallow and irregular,
a rather feeble impression on each side at apical third; punc-
tures slightly larger than on head, but not so dense. Hlytra
rather narrow; with very dense and rather small, non-
confluent punctures. Length, 74 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Stewart River (W. D. Dodd). Type,
I. 3205.
The third joint of the antennez is distinctly longer than
the fourth, but not very much longer, perhaps one-fourth ; but
regarding the species as belonging to ‘“‘A”’ (in Blackburn’s
table) it would be associated with pallicolor and obscuripes,
with which it has littl in common. But regarding it as
belonging to ‘‘AA,’’ it would be associated with carpentarie,
from which it differs in the elytral suture being pale, pro-
thorax with very conspicuous punctures, and joints of antennz
bicolorous. Cowley has even larger eyes, much longer head,
and differs in many other respects.
ZONITIS METASTERNALIS, Nn. Sp.
Pale-flavous, antennz (basal-joint excepted) and meta-
sternum blackish, tarsi slightly infuscated. Upper-surface
entirely glabrous.
Head short, widest across eyes, with small scattered
punctures; clypeal suture very feeble in middle, from same
to apex of labrum distinctly shorter than from same to neck.
Eyes of moderate size and widely separated. Antenne thin
but rather short, second joint not half the length of third.
Prothorax slightly longer than wide, sides gently increasing
in width from apex to middle, and then still more feebly
decreasing in width to near base; without median line; with
very sparse and indistinct punctures. Hlytra moderately
wide, very faintly wrinkled; with sparse, small, and vague
punctures. Length, 7-84 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia: Cue (H. W. Brown). Type,
T. 3204. |
267
A small and unusually pale species, but with the meta-
sternum dark. The two specimens in the Museum each has
the head flattened and irregularly depressed between the eyes
and towards the base; but this may have been due to pressure
exerted to prevent the head from resting on the breast.
Regarding it as natural the species, in Blackburn’s table,
would be associated with quweenslandica (whose head is black)
and bzpartita (whose elytra are partly dark). If not natural
it would be associated with longipalpis and yorkensis (whose
heads, under-surfaces, and legs are black, and differ in many
other particulars). Helms: has much coarser cephalic and
elytral punctures, and second joint of antennz even shorter.
CURCULIONID &.
SUBFAMILY BRACHYDERIDES.
KUTINOPH2A VARIEGATA, N. sp.
Dull reddish-brown, appendages paler. Densely clothed
with white or whitish scales, sometimes with a slight greenish
gloss; and conspicuously mottled with brown.
Head with punctures concealed. Eyes unusually large.
Rostrum short, muzzle glabrous and polished. Scrobes pro-
duced slightly obliquely backwards, and then almost at right
angles downwards. Antenne rather short. Prothoraz
slightly wider than long, sides rounded in middle; punctures
normally concealed. H#lytra much wider than prothorax,
parallel-sided to apical third; with regular rows of large,
round punctures, appearing much smaller and suboblong
through clothing. Legs stout, front tibize moderately curved.
Length, 13-2 mm.
Hab.—Queensland (H. Hacker), Cairns district (A. M.
Kea). Type, I. 2725.
With the curved front tibie of falcata, but smaller than
that species, eyes larger and closer together, scrobes somewhat
different, prothorax wider and clothing very different. Of the
five typical specimens no two have the scales exactly alike.
On the head and rostrum they are mostly white or stram-
ineous, with single dark scales scattered about and a large
dark patch on each side of base of head. The prothorax may
be conspicuously striped longitudinally, with the dark scales
confined to the stripes, or obscurely striped with dark scales
scattered singly. The scutellum is glabrous, but immediately
behind it the scales are snowy. On the elytra the pale scales
are mostly tinged with brown, but there are numerous small
dark spots scattered about; on some specimens there is a
large rounded one on each elytron at about the basal third.
268
On one specimen the dark elytral spots cover considerably more
than half of the surface, and are all more or less conjoined.
On the under-surface the scales are uniformly white, or with
a slight tinge of green. On the legs they are sometimes very
feebly mottled. Four are apparently males; the other is
apparently a female, and differs in being somewhat larger,
with the scales dingier and less conspicuously variegated.
A specimen, from Kuranda, in Mr. G. E. Bryant’s
collection, differs from the types in being much paler (the
appendages are almost flavous). The scales on the head and
rostrum entirely white; on the prothorax white, with two
dark longitudinal stripes, each of which has a lateral pro-
jection at its middle; on the elytra most of the scales are
dark, but with irregular white spots and fascie.
SUBFAMILY OTIORHYNCHIDES.
MYLLOCERUS.
As the described species of Myllocerus have now been
more than trebled since my first table,“ a more extended one
is now desirable. As in the former one, all species not
actually known to myself have been omitted. Tables are
often given to show how species, genera, etc., are allied, and
yet distinguished, inter se. In the present table, as with
others that I have given, the sole idea is to present the species
in such a way that their identification may be more quickly
accomplished than by wading through a mass of descriptions.
Many species have small femoral teeth, and others are
entirely without same, but it is often so difficult to decide as
to whether teeth are or are not present, especially if the
specimens are at all dirty or gummy, that I have not used
them for the major divisions. Nor have the comparative
widths of the rostrum and the incurvature of its sides been
so used; as the gradations in long series of species are so fine
that they can only be usefully employed in separating really,
or apparently, closely allied species. Many of the species are
subject to considerable variation in colour,“ but I avoided
using same to a greater extent than was perhaps necessary.
(16) Ante, 1905, p. 218.
(17) This is especially the case with green scales; these some-
times become golden or silvery, through the action of alcohol, etc. ;
grease will also sometimes cause them to appear of a dull-white,
either entirely or in small patches of irregular shape and dis-
position. Snowy-white scales also naturally become somewhat
darker with age, etc. It has appeared to me to be quite possible
that ‘‘the large round spot of orange-brown’’ on the elytra of
vusticus (unknown to me) may really not be natural to the species.
269
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NotTes oN TABLE.
B. In this Group the prothorax is very decidedly wider
at the base than at the apex, the increase being often quite
regular. In BB the prothorax is occasionally slightly wider
at the base than at the apex, but the sides are always incurved
near the base, so that the apparent width is less conspicuous.
B. d. Nearly all species of the genus have more or less
conspicuous sete, but in these species the sete are longer and
erect, not depressed; conjinis has erect sete, but they are
shorter than those of d.
B. mm. To decide this character the head must be viewed
from the side.
B. nn. In these species the base of the prothorax is
almost equal to the base of the elytra, but as their shoulders
are rounded, the sides behind them are somewhat wider.
B. r. This character, although not mentioned in the
original description, is quite distinct on a co-type in the
Museum; the depressions are distinct towards the sides, but
are not continued across the disc.
B. s. In these species the sete, although decidedly shorter
than in d, are of such a nature that their tips do not rest
upon the scales, whereas in ss they rest upon the scales
throughout their length. In aphthosus, however, a few of
the sete are not entirely depressed.
y. For the purposes of this table, the rostrum is held to
commence at an imaginary line touching the front of the eyes.
F. 2. The bisinuate lateral outline is not here referred
to, nor the feeble transverse impressions that sometimes accom-
pany same.
F. 7. Specimens of many species of the genus have the
head protruded beyond the prothorax more than it should be,
the extra space being glabrous; but in these species the
squamose portion only is considered. In melvillensis the eyes
almost touch the prothorax ; whilst in rwgicollis they are some-
what distant from it.
F. o. On the muzzle of cyrtops there are a few green
scales.
MYLLOCERUS MODESTUS, Pasc.
niveus, Lea.
In preparing the table given in the present paper I had
occasion to carefully compare the type of mivews, with two
co-types of modestus, and found that they belong to but one
species.
MYLLOCERUS FOVEICEPS, Lea.
At the time that this species was described I had seen *
but two specimens, and these were probably bleached. There
274
are now eight in the Museum that appear to belong to the
species, and these indicate that the colour is normally of a
rather pale-green, and with the elytral sete fairly conspicuous.
Bleached specimens look much like small ones of modestus,
but differ in having the rostrum somewhat thinner, prothorax
slightly longer, and elytra less cylindrical. The fresh speci-
mens are all from Melville Island (G. F. Hill and W. D.
Dodd), and four of them at least were taken on acacia flowers.
MYLLOCERUS AURIFEX, Pasc.
abundans, Lea.
Mr. Arrow has kindly sent a specimen from the Pascoe
collection as M. aurifex,; it is the species I subsequently named
abundans, but from its description I imagined it to be a very
different locking insect, not even close to abundans.
Mr. J. F. Field has taken the species in abundance at
Tennant Creek ; the specimens from him as a rule are slightly
smaller and with paler legs than the type of abundans, but I
can find no structural differences.
MYLLOCERUS SPECIOSUS, Blackb.
An unusually large (74 mm.) specimen of this species,
from the Coen River, has the black prothoracic vitte reduced
to a fairly large spot on each side of the base.
MYLLOCERUS EXILIS, Lea.
On re-examination of the antenne of this species I find
that the first joint of the funicle was wrongly described and
tabulated as being shorter than the second; although it
appears to be so from certain directions. From positions
where the full lengths of the joints are visible the second is
seen to be slightly shorter than the first. Mr. W. D. Dodd has
recently taken the species in abundance on the Fortescue
River.
: MYLLOCERUS MASTERSI, Lea, var.(?)
Seven specimens from Darwin (G. F. Hill’s 152, F. P.
Dodd, and H. H. D. Griffith) represent either a variety of
this species, or an extremely closely allied one. They have
the legs and antennz decidedly paler (almost flavous, except-
ing the club) and the antennez shorter (although the joints
appear to have the same proportions, :mter se), with the scape
less strongly arched.
MYLLOCERUS POLLUX, Lea.
A specimen from the Stewart River (Northern Queensland)
appears to belong to this species, but differs from the type in
275
having the clothing of the upper-surface of an almost
uniform greyish-white; the elytra with very few and ill-
defined spots, and the prothorax quite immaculate.
MYLLOCERUS TAYLORI, Lea.
A specimen from the Coen River apparently belongs to
this species, but differs from the type in being slightly larger
and with the clothing whitish, with but a vague trace of
green.
MYLLOCERUS LATIBASIS, Nn. sp.
Reddish-brown, appendages slightly paler. Densely
clothed with white or whitish scales, on the elytra speckled
with feeble brownish spots.
Head wide, strongly flattened between eyes, these not
very prominent. Rostrum scarcely as long as the basal width,
sides decreasing in width to near apex, but apex slightly
inflated, with a conspicuous median carina and a sublateral
one traceable towards each side. Antenne moderately long;
first joint of funicle just perceptibly longer than second.
Prothorax more than thrice as wide as median length, apex
strongly incurved to middle, sides distinctly increasing in
width te base, which is strongly bisinuate, the extreme base
wider than elytra; punctures traceable through clothing.
Elytra parallel-sided to near apex “8); with regular rows of
large punctures, appearing small through clothing. /emora
stout, very feebly dentate. Length (excluding rostrum),
64-7 mm.
Hab.—Northern Wermtory-) Lemant Creek (2 i.
Brel)’ Type, 1. 2538.
With very wide prothorax, distinctly incurved to middle
of apex, as in bovilli; but differs from that species in the
base being slightly wider than the elytra, and the head and
rostrum considerably wider, the former with a curiously
flattened appearance between the eyes. From laticollis it
differs in the shape of the base being different, the head less
convex, eyes and sides of under-surface of rostrum different.
One specimen has a distinct transverse impression on each
side towards base of prothorax, but on two others these are
not traceable.
MYLLOCERUS FIELDI, n. sp.
Reddish-brown, sometimes almost black; appendages
reddish. Densely clothed with whitish scales, feebly speckled
with brown spots on the elytra.
(18) Unless stated to the contrary the elytra are similarly
parallel-sided in all the following species.
276
Head wide, flat between eyes, these larger and less pro-
minent than usual. Rostrum shorter than wide, sides feebly
incurved to middle, gently concave along middle, and with
a very feeble carina. Antennz moderately long; first joint
of funicle distinctly, but not much, longer than second.
Prothorax about thrice as wide as median length, apex
strongly incurved to middle, sides strongly increasing in
width to base, which is strongly bisinuate and the exact width
of elytra; punctures traceable through clothing. Hlytra with
regular rows of fairly large punctures, almest concealed by
clothing but appearing as fine strie. Femora very feebly
dentate, front pair especially. Length, 44-5 mm.
Hab.—Northern Territory: Tennant Creek (J. F.
Hielc)\e iyipe nly dao
Allied to the preceding species, from which it differs in
being much smaller, prothorax at base the exact width of
elytra, head narrower, and eyes. more ovate and less pro-
minent. Both species are without elytral sete. From bovills
it differs in the eyes being much less prominent, clothing
different, prothorax without a glabrous median space, etc.
There are three specimens in the Museum, two whose clothing
is as described, but the third has the scales on the upper-
surface of a pale coppery-green, and on the elytra without
spots.
MYLLOCERUS BLACKBURNI, 0. sp.
Black, appendages more or less reddish. Densely clothed
with green or bluish-green scales, paler on the legs than else-
where. Setz of upper-surface rather indistinct, not at all,
or scarcely, elevated above the scales.
Head somewhat flat between eyes; these fairly large and
prominent; inter-ocular fovea narrow and distinct. Rostrum
about as long as the basal width, sides feebly diminishing in
width to apex, incurvature of scrobes near apex very con-
spicuous; with a narrow median carina. Antennz moderately
long; first joint of funicle slightly longer than second.
Prothorax at base almost thrice as wide as the median
length, apex rather strongly incurved to middle, sides
strongly increasing in width to base, which is strongly
bisinuate and shghtly narrower than elytra; punctures trace-
able through clothing. /lytra with regular rows of partially
concealed punctures. /emora edentate. Length, 5-6 mm.
Hab.—Northern Queensland (Blackburn’s collection).
Type, I. 2540. }
The prothorax is more transverse than in taylori, the
medio-apical incurvature is rather more pronounced, and the
eyes less prominent. From bovilli, and the preceding species,
277
it differs in being more cylindrical, prothorax less transverse,
medio-apical incurvature less pronounced, and rostrum of
somewhat different shape. Very close to inewrvus, but with
second joint of funicle less noticeably shorter than first, pro-
thorax slightly more transverse, eyes rather more prominent
and form rather less cylindrical. These differences, although
only comparative, are quite distinct when specimens of each
are placed side by side; but as the two species are separated
the width of the continent no confusion will probably arise
from correctly labelled specimens. On the prothorax of the
four typical specimens the scales are sparser in the middle
than elsewhere, but this appears to be due to partial abrasion ;
it is certainly of a different nature to the glabrous space on
bovill.
MYLLOCERUS TRISTIS, nN. sp.
Black or blackish, appendages not much paler. Densely
clothed with whitish-grey scales, on the elytra variegated with
small feeble brownish spots.
Head gently convex between eyes; these moderately
prominent. Rostrum shorter than wide, median carina
feeble, the sublateral ones still more so, apical plate concave.
Antenne moderately long; first joint of funicle distinctly
longer than second. Prothoraz almost thrice as wide as the
median length, apex rather strongly incurved to middle, sides
increasing in width to base, which is strongly bisinuate and
scarcely narrower than elytra, outlines continuous with those
of head and elytra; punctures traceable through clothing.
Elytra with regular rows of rather large punctures, appear-
ing like fine strie through clothing. Legs rather stout;
femora edentate. Length, 6-64 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Charters Towers (Blackburn’s col-
lection). Type, I. 2541.
Somewhat like small specimens of latibasts, but base of
prothorax not wider than elytra. The head is considerably
wider and rostrum of different shape to those of the two
preceding species. The elytra appear to be without sete,
except for a few about the apex. In certain lights many of
the scales appear to have a faint golden gloss, but in most
lights they appear to be opaque. Two specimens from
Charters Towers are alike in colour, but cne labelled as from
Northern Queensland has no elytral spots.
MYLLOCERUS PROSTERNALIS, 0. sp.
Black, appendages dull reddish-brown. Densely clothed
with greyish-green or coppery-green scales. Elytra with
indistinct setz not elevated above scales.
278
Head gently convex between eyes, these fairly large and
rather prominent. Rostrum slightly longer than wide, sides
moderately incurved to middle; median carina distinct, the
sublateral ones rather feeble. Antennz moderately stout;
scape almost straight; first joint of funicle slightly longer
than second. Prothorax slightly more than twice as wide as
the median length, apex moderately incurved to middle, sides
rounded and increasing in width to base, which is strongly
bisinuate and slightly narrower than elytra, punctures rather
coarse. Hlytra with regular rows of fairly large, partially
concealed punctures. Prosternwm with a conspicuous, narrow,
medio-basal - ridge. Memora stout, very feebly dentate.
Length, 7-74 mm.
Hab.—Northern Queensland (Blackburn’s collection).
Dypen Zoe:
Close to taylori, but prothorax more transverse, and a
carina replacing the median impunctate line on the rostrum
of that species. The prosternal carina is very distinct; on
many other species of the genus a faint longitudinal swelling
may sometimes be traced, and this just between the front
coxe appears almost tuberculiform; but on the present and
following species the carina is narrow and acutely elevated.
MYLLOCERUS INTERCOXALIS, n. sp.
Reddish-brown. Densely clothed with greyish-white
scales, obscurely mottled with brown on elytra.
Head gently convex at base, flattened and with a small
fovea between eyes; these very prominent. Rostrum scarcely
as long as the width at base, sides feebly incurved to near
apex, with a shining median line (scarcely a carina), sub-
lateral carinz fairly distinct. Antennz moderately long;
scape gently curved; first joint of funicle distinctly longer
than second. Prothorax somewhat less than twice as wide
as the median length, apex almost straight, sides gently
rounded and increasing in width to base; punctures traceable.
Elytra slightly wider than prothorax, with regular rows of
moderate punctures, appearing small through clothing.
Prosternum with a conspicuous, narrow, medio-basal ridge,
its apex projecting between front coxe. Jemora very feebly
dentate. Length, 74 mm.
Hab.-—Northern Territory: Tennant Creek (J. F.
Field). Type, I. 2543.
With a conspicuous prosternal ridge as on the preceding
species, but otherwise not very close to same. The head is
much as in latibasis, but the prothorax is much less trans-
verse, and the medio-apical incurvature is very feeble. In
build close to aphthosus, but head wider, clothing not at all
279
green, etc. From pollwz, to which it is very close it differs
in having the head wider and prothorax wider at apex. The
elytral setz are farly dense towards and on the suture, and
posteriorly, where they are in more than a single row on each
interstice; but they are not distinctly elevated above the
surrounding scales. The pale colour of the derm is probably
not constant.
MYLLOCERUS FUGITIVUS, N. sp.
Reddish-brown, appendages somewhat paler. Densely
clothed with greyish-white, or greyish-green, or coppery-
green, or green scales. LElytral sete fairly distinct but rest-
ing on scales.
Head gently convex. Eyes fairly prominent. Rostrum
distinctly longer than wide, wider near apex than elsewhere,
median and sublateral carine normally concealed. Antennz
rather long ; first joint of funicle decidedly longer than second.
Prothoraz slightly longer than the apical width, apex straight,
sides scarcely rounded but distinctly increasing in width to
base; punctures normally concealed. JHlytra slightly wider
than prothorax; with regular rows of moderate punctures,
normally scarcely appearing to interrupt fine strie. Memora
finely dentate. Length, 5-54 mm.
Hab.—Northern ‘Territory: Tennant Creek (J. F.
Field). Type, I. 2544.
Probably on living specimens the scales are all more or
less green, but on several of the specimens in the Museum
there is not the least trace of green.
MYLLOCERUS SUBROSTRALIS, Nl. sp.
Reddish-brown, appendages paler. Densely clothed with
pale-green scales. Upper-surface with numerous distinct,
subdepressed pale setz.
Head gently convex, with a small inter-ocular fovea.
Eyes rather large, not prominent. Rostrum longer than
wide, somewhat inflated about apex, median and sublateral
carine traceable through clothing. Antenne rather long;
first joint of funicle distinctly longer than second. Prothoraz
and elytra as described in preceding species, except that the
sides of the prothorax are gently rounded, and that the elytra
are somewhat wider. Femora finely but acutely dentate.
Length, 64-7 mm.
Hab.—North-western Australia (Blackburn’s collection).
Type, I. 2545.
In general appearance close to aurzfex, but differs in the
rostrum, dense elytral sete, and scape not grooved on under-
surface. In build it is close to cenerascens, but the clothing
280
is more or less green. Also close to the preceding species,
but larger and with eyes almost embedded in head. On the
under-surface of the rostrum there is a subconical tubercle,
but this may be confined to the male.
A second specimen, from Roebourne (C. French), has
the derm darker and the scales of a rather bright-green, with
fairly numerous distinct dark spots on the elytra (on the type
the elytra are almost immaculate) and the clothing of the
legs almost white.
MYLLOCERUS CONFINIS, N. Sp.
Black, appendages in places diluted with red. Densely
clothed with whitish scales, variegated with numerous small
blackish spots on elytra. With numerous short, but distinct,
erect or suberect setz on elytra.
Head gently convex at base, flat and with a narrow
fovea between eyes; these large and prominent. Rostrum
about as long as the width at base, sides diminishing in width
to near apex; median and sublateral carine distinct.
Antenne moderately stout; scape gently curved; first joint
of funicle distinctly longer than second. Prothorax at base
not twice as wide as the median length, and at apex very
little more than the length, apex straight or gently incurved
to middle, sides gently rounded and distinctly increasing in
width to base; punctures normally traceable. Hlytra dis-
tinctly, but not much, wider than prothorax ; apparently with
striz only, but really with fairly large punctures in the strie.
Femora scarcely visibly dentate. Length, 5-7 mm.
Hab.—South Australia: Hergott Springs and Oodna-
datta (Blackburn’s collection). Type, I. 2546.
The six specimens in the Museum evidently belong to but
one species, but one has the prothorax almost perfectly straight
at apex, one has it moderately incurved to middle (the degree,
however, much less than in bovillc), and the others are inter-
mediate between these extremes. The prothorax is consider-
ably shorter than in cinerascens and canalicornis, and the hind
angles are much more acute. Bzlineater has the prothorax
conspicuously bivittate. In general appearance it is very
close to castor and pollux, and with the base of the prothorax
as in the latter species, from which it may be distinguished
by the elytral markings being more sharply defined, and the
prethoracic markings consisting of a small spot ow each
side towards the base, instead of rather vague vitte. It is the
first of the group with wide base of prothorax to be recorded
from South Australia.
(19) Not always present.
281
MYLLOCERUS ACUTIDENS, n. sp.
Black, appendages in places obscurely diluted with red.
Densely clothed with whitish-grey or slaty-grey scales, feebly
mottled on elytra. LElytra with fairly dense and moderately
long, thin, erect sete. 4
Head gently depressed between eyes, these not very pro-
minent. Rostrum slightly longer than wide, sides incurved
to middle; median and sublateral carine distinct. Antenne
rather long; scape moderately curved; first joint of funicle
almost twice the length of second, second twice the length of
third. Prothorax at widest not twice the median length,
apex straight, sides rather strongly rounded and widest near
base; punctures normally traceable. Hlytra distinctly wider
than prothorax, shoulders somewhat thickened; striate-
punctate, punctures appearing very small through clothing.
Femora acutely, but not very strongly dentate. Length,
64-74 mm.
Hab.—Australia: Sherlock River. Type in British
Museum.
In colour and general appearance fairly close to ciner-
ascens, but elytra with numerous long erect hairs, very
different to the short stout setz of that species. A specimen
(from North-western Australia), apparently belonging to this
species, was in the collection of the late Rev. T. Blackburn.
MYLLOCERUS CERATORHINUS, Nn. Sp.
Black or blackish; appendages more or less reddish.
Densely clothed with whitish scales, on the upper-surface
conspicuously variegated with black. Elytra with a closely-
set row, on each interstice, of moderately long, thin, erect
sete.
Head gently convex. yes very large but not very pro-
minent; longer than sides of rostrum in front of same.
‘Rostrum unusually short and pointed. Antennz moderately
long ; scape distinctly curved; two basal-joints of funicle sub-
equal. Prothorazx almost as long as the basal width, apex
straight, sides gently rounded and increasing in width to
base; punctures normally traceable. //ytra with shoulders
strongly rounded and decidedly wider than prothorax; with
regular rows of almost concealed punctures. Jemora very
feebly dentate. Length, 54-54 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia: Cue (H. W. Brown). Type,
T. 2547.
A very distinct species. On the prothorax there is a
black longitudinal vitta and a rounded spot towards each side
at the basal third. On the elytra at least half of the surface
282
is covered by the black scales; these being condensed into
numerous irregular, transverse, black fasciz, all (or most) of
which are more or less irregularly conjoined. On the pro-
thorax the sete are rather more distinct than usual, but they
are inclined forwards, and so much less conspicuous than those
on the elytra. On each side of the muzzle there is usually
a thin fascicle of flavous sete, appearing at first glance like
a stiff bristle. The rostrum is unusually short, being shorter
than the length of an eye, and it is distinctly narrowed from
base to apex. The apical plate is also of unusual shape, being
very narrow and vertical in front, and posteriorly elevated
into a small horn, that 1s very conspicuous from the sides.
The scrobes are short and round, almost meet internally, and
almost touch the eyes posteriorly.
MYLLOCERUS LONGUS, Nn. sp.
Black, appendages more or less reddish. Densely clothed
with bright- green scales. Elytral sete mostly confined to a
single row on each interstice, and not elevated above the
scales.
Head gently convex; eyes very prominent. Rostrum
longer than wide, median carina distinct in front. Antenne
long and thin; first joint of funicle once and one-half as long
as second, second almost twice the length of third. Prothcrax
almost as long as wide, apex straight, sides gently sinuous,
base distinctly wider than apex; with rather dense and coarse
punctures. Flytra distinctly wider than prothorax; with
regular rows of moderate punctures, appearing small through
clothing. Legs rather long and thin; front tibize not denticu-
late. Length, 7 mm.
Hab.—Northern Territory: Tennant Creek (J. F. Field).
Type, I. 2548.
A bright-green species, with unusually long rostrum and
legs, and conspicuous prothoracie punctures. The head behind
the eyes is very little wider than the rostrum in front of
them. The sides of the rostrum are not incurved between
the base and subapical inflation, as in most species of the
genus, but are slightly dilated, so that they are feebly
bisinuate. The apical plate is also shorter than usual. The
four front femora appear to be truly edentate, but the hind
ones from certain directions appear to each have a scarcely
visible tooth.
MYLLOCERUS DODDI, n. sp.
Black, legs in places obscurely diluted with red. Densely
clothed with green scales; elytra with fairly numerous black
spots. Hlytra with moderately long erect sete, much shorter
on prothorax, but still in places suberect.
283
Head gently convex at base, depressed and with a small
fovea between eyes; these moderately prominent. Rostrum
slightly longer than wide, almost parallel-sided; median
carina rather indistinct, the sublateral ones fairly distinct;
apical plate very short. Antenne long and thin; scape
rather strongly curved; first joint of funicle slightly longer
than second and third combined, second as long as third and
fourth combined. Prothorax lightly transverse, sides strongly
rounded, apex straight, about as wide as base; with rather
coarse punctures. H#lytra much wider than base of prothorax ;
with rows of rather large punctures, appearing small through
clothing. J/emora rather strongly dentate. Length, 6-64 mm.
Hab.—North-western Australia: Fortescue River (W.
D. Dodd). Type, I. 2549. |
The outlines are much as in elegans, but readily dis-
tinguished from that species by the strong femoral dentation
and long elytral clothing. The sete, which from certain
directions appear to be in quite a regular row on each inter-
stice, are quite as long as in echinatus, but much finer, slightly
finer than in sutuwralis; but from those species it is readily
distinguished by its much larger size, conspicuously green
clothing, femoral dentition, etc. Three feeble dark spots may
be traced on the prothorax of one specimen. The two basal-
joints of funicle are slightly longer than the five following
ones combined.
MYLLOCERUS SETISTRIATUS, Nn. sp.
Black, appendages in places feebly diluted with red.
Densely clothed with green scales. Elytra with numerous
stiff erect setze of moderate length, and each appearing to be
supported on a small black granule; prothorax with shorter
and less erect sete.
Head moderately convex; eyes fairly large but not very
prominent. Rostrum slightly wider than long, sides feebly
diminishing in width, gently depressed and with a median
line along middle, sublateral carine moderately distinct but
feebly curved at insertion of antenne. Antenne (for the
genus) comparatively short; first joint of funicle almost as
long as second and third combined, second shorter than third
and fourth combined, the two basal ones distinctly shorter
than the five apical ones combined. Prothorax moderately
transverse, sides gently rounded in middle, apex straight and
the width of base; punctures rather coarse. Hlytra distinctly
wider than prothorax; striate-punctate, punctures partially
concealed. /’emora strongly and acutely dentate; tibis with
a granuliform swelling about middle. Length, 54 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Coen River (W. D. Dodd). Type,
T. 2550. 7
284
In general appearance fairly close to the preceding species,
but shorter, and rostrum distinctly shorter. The combined
length of the two basal-joints of funicle scarcely more than
one-third the length 2) of scape, instead of more than half,
eyes larger and sides of prothorax less rounded. Each of the
elytral sete is supported by a small granule, these being very
distinct from certain directions.
MyLLOCERUS TIBIALIS, n. sp.
Black, appendages in places obscurely diluted with red.
Densely clothed with ashen- -grey scales. Hlytra with numerous
stiff, erect setze of moderate length.
Head moderately convex. LHyes rather large and not
very prominent. Rostrum distinctly transverse, sides feebly
decreasing in width to apex, median carina distinct, the sub-
lateral ones almost concealed, apical plate rather large.
Antenne comparatively stout; first joint of funicle slightly
longer than second, second distinctly longer than third.
Prothorax moderately transverse, sides somewhat rounded in
middle, base and apex of almost even width, the latter almost
straight ; with two somewhat irregular transverse impressions,
one near apex, the other near base; with rather coarse
punctures. Hlytra much wider than prothorax; with
rows of rather strong, almost concealed punctures. Pro-
sternum with a subconical tooth behind coxe. lMemora rather
strongly and acutely dentate; tibiz, more noticeably the front
pair, with a dentiform swelling about middle. Length, 7 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Coen River (W. D. Dodd). Type,
Jig BI.
In general appearance the type is somewhat like a large
specimen of rugicollis, but the prothoracic impressions are
more conspicuous, the elytral setz are erect. and much longer,
and the front tibiz are conspicuously armed; the latter char-
acter (which, however, may be confined to the male) renders
the species one of the most distinct in the genus. On the
under-surface of the head there is a subquadrate, highly-
polished space on each side of the gular suture, with oblique
ridges (probably used for stridulation) towards the sides.
MYLLOCERUS GRISEUS, N. sp.
Black or blackish, appendages reddish. Rather densely
clothed with greyish-white scales, feebly variegated with
brownish spots on elytra. _Upper-surface with fairly dense,
short, subdepressed sete.
(20) To see the proportions clearly the antennz must be viewed
from the sides.
285
Head moderately convex; eyes scarcely interrupting
general convexity of outline. Rostrum stout, scarcely as long
as the basal width; sides feebly decreasing in width to near
apex; median carina narrow and distinct, the sublateral ones
less so. Antenne rather thin; first joint of funicle slightly
longer than second, second as long as third and fourth com-
bined. Prothorax almost twice as wide as long, sides feebly
rounded, apex feebly incurved to middle and about the width
of base; punctures normally traceable. Llytra distinctly
wider than prothorax, sides very feebly dilated to beyond
the middle; with rows of rather large punctures, appearing
small through clothing. Memora scarcely visibly dentate.
Length, 5-6 mm.
Hab.—North-western Australia (Blackburn’s collec-
tion). Type, I. 2552.
The eyes, although fairly large, are much less prominent
than is usual. In general appearance the species is close to
amblyrhinus, but the prothorax is slightly wider at the base
than at the apex. Masuwtus has the prothorax less transverse,
quite straight at apex, and much more prominent eyes.
Beodontomerus has head and rostrum narrower, and pro-
thorax much less conspicuously transverse. Sordidus has the
prothorax less transverse, and with more strongly rounded
sides.
MYLLOCERUS MELVILLENSIS, N. sp.
Of a rather pale red, club darker. Densely clothed with
greyish-white scales, mottled with pale-brown.
Head rather convex. Eyes rather small, widely separated,
very prominent, and decidedly closer to prothorax than usual.
Rostrum stout, slightly shorter than the basal width, sides
gently incurved; carine rather feeble. Antenne thin; first
joint of funicle slightly longer than second. Prothoraz not
quite twice as wide as long, sides feebly bisinuate, apex
straight and as wide as base, a vague transverse impression
near apex and another near base; punctures scarcely
traceable. Hlytra much wider than prothorax, feebly dilated
to beyond the middle; punctures appearing small through
elothing. /emora edentate. Length, 4 mm.
Hab.—Northern Territory: Melville Island (W. D.
Dodd). Type, I. 2553.
Alhed to rugicollis, but prothorax wider, more con-
spicuously bisinuate at base, head more convex between eyes,
and these more rounded and prominent. In the present
species the base of each elytron is rather distinctly produced
half-way between the suture and side; in rwgicollis this is not
the case. The head and elytra are feebly mottled with
irregular brown spots; on the prothorax there is a fairly wide
286
vitta on each side. The elytral seta are so placed amongst
the scales that they are scarcely traceable, except at the sides
and posteriorly.
MYLLOCERUS MINUSCULUS, Nn. sp.
Black or blackish, appendages reddish. Densely clothed
with whitish scales, on the elytra feebly variegated with
brownish spots.
Head feebly convex at base, gently depressed between
eyes. Eyes rather large, prominent, and widely separated,
but the space between them less than length of prothorax.
Rostrum slightly longer than wide, sides gently incurved to
middle, gently depressed along middle to between eyes;
median carina not traceable through clothing, the others very
feeble. Antennz moderately long and thin; two basal-joints
of funicle subequal. Prothorax almost as long as wide, sides
feebly rounded in middle, apex almost straight and almost as
wide as base; punctures partially traceable. Hlytra much
wider than prothorax, with rows of moderate punctures,
appearing scarcely more than strie through clothing. Memora
scarcely visibly dentate. Length, 34-34 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Gayndah (A. M. Lea). Type,
T. 2554.
A small grey species, much like several species of
Titima; but as the prothorax is decidedly bisinuate at the
base it appears desirable to refer it to Myllocerus. Of the two
specimens in the Museum one has a feeble dark vitta on each
side of the prothorax, but the other is without same.
MYLLOCERUS VARIUS, Nl. sp.
Black, appendages more or less red. Densely clothed
with white or whitish scales, more or less conspicuously
mottled with black or dark-brown. Elytra with numerous
blackish, suberect setze.
Head flat between eyes; these not very prominent, the
space between them distinctly shorter than length of pro-
thorax. Rostrum shghtly longer than wide, sides decreasing
in width to apical third, and then gently inflated; median
and sublateral carinz distinct, the latter less widely separated
on their posterior half than usual. Antennz long and thin ;
scape distinctly curved; first joint of funicle distinctly longer
than second. Prothorax not much wider than long, sides
gently rounded, apex feebly incurved to middle, or almost
straight, almost the width of base, punctures traceable.
Elytra much wider than prothorax, feebly dilated to beyond
the middle; punctures normally almost or quite concealed,
but striation distinct. Memora edentate. Length, 4-5 mm.
287
Hab.—Western Australia: Cue (H. W. Brown). Type,
T. 2555.
At a glance appears to belong to Jvtinia, but the pro-
thorax is distinctly bisinuate at the base. In some respects
it seems close to multimaculatus, but the rostrum is differently
shaped, and the antennz are much thinner. In my former
table would have been associated with trilineatus, but the
prothorax is without a dark median line. In many respects
it is close to fuscomaculatus, but the antennze are somewhat
longer, the eyes are not quite so prominent, and the sides of
the rostrum are slightly different. The clothing as described
may be of the males only. The numerous specimens taken
by Mr. Brown appear to belong to but one species, as struc-
turally (except for slight differences that are almost certainly
sexual) they appear to be all alike. But by the clothing,
markings, and apex of prothorax they may be divided into
four sections, although there are a few specimens that are
intermediate between two sections :—
1. Prothorax usually feebly incurved at middle of apex,
with an irregular dark vitta on each side. LElytra with
numerous small dark spots, and usually with a large irregular
one on each side beyond the middle (this spot may be entire,
or simply a closely-set cluster of small spots). Elytra with
numerous, more or less erect, blackish sete.
2. Scales of upper-surface of an almost uniform pale
slaty-grey. Elytra with erect dark setze on basal half, but
absent posteriorly. Apex of prothorax straight, or feebly
projecting in middle.
3. Upper-surface with sharply contrasted markings, and
apex of prothorax as in Section 1; but elytra entirely without
suberect setz.
4. Scales and apex of prothorax as in Section 2, but
elytra entirely without suberect setz.
In all sections the scales on the under-surface frequently
have a golden lustre in parts. In. Sections 2 and 4, which
probably consist of females, the others probably consisting of
males, there are usually three whitish spots at the base of the
elytra, and occasionally there are some feeble pale spots scat-
tered: amongst the slaty-grey ones. In all sections there are
a few pale depressed setz on the elytra, but they are more
distinct on 2 and 4 than on 1 and 3. Of fourteen specimens
of 1 and 3, there are not two with the spots exactly alike in
size and distribution.
MYLLOCERUS CONSTRICTICOLLIS, Nn. Sp.
Reddish - brown, appendages (club excepted) paler.
Densely clothed with golden-green scales, on the elytra
288
conspicuously variegated with black spots. Elytral sete dis-
tinct only from the sides.
Head feebly convex at base, flat, and with a small fovea
between eyes; these rather large and prominent. Rostrum
slightly longer than wide, sides gently incurved to middle;
caring traceable, but not sharply defined. Antenne long and
thin; scape distinctly curved; first joint of funicle slightly
longer than second and third combined, and second than third
and fourth combined. Prothoraz slightly longer than wide,
sides strongly rounded in middle, and rather deeply con-
stricted between same and base and apex, apex straight, as -
wide as base; punctures traceable. Hlytra much wider than
prothorax, sides feebly dilated to beyond the middle;
striation distinct but punctures almost or quite concealed.
Legs rather long; femora lightly but distinctly dentate.
Length, 44 mm.
Hab.—Northern Territory: Tennant Creek (J. F.
Bueld)c)) Lype, L250!
A small green species, but readily distinguished from
the other small green ones by its long prothorax, which is
strongly bisinuate both at the sides and base. The appendages
are also rather longer than is usual. The dark spots on the
elytra of the type are more or less transversely placed and
conjoined towards the base, but they are entirely absent from
the sides and posterior declivity.
MYLLOCERUS ANGUSTIBASIS, Nn. Sp.
Black, appendages (parts of femora excepted) more or
less reddish. Densely clothed with greenish scales, on the
elytra mottled with brown. LElytra with a few sete at the
sides and posteriorly, but scarcely traceable elsewhere.
Head flat between eyes; these rather large and pro-
minent. Rostrum about as long as wide, flat along middle;
median and sublateral carine narrow and distinct. Antenne
thin; first joint of funicle distinctly longer than second.
Prothorax moderately transverse, flat in middle, sides rather
strongly rounded, apex feebly incurved to middle and
slightly wider than base, narrowest part slightly in-
wards of fourth elytral stria; punctures almost concealed.
Hlytra much wider than prothorax, sides feebly dilated to
beyond the middle; punctures appearing small through cloth-
ing. Prosternum with a narrow, acute, medio-basal ridge.
Femora edentate. Length, 44 mm.
Hab.—North-western Australia: Fortescue River (W.
D. Dodd). Type, I. 2557.
In general appearance close to Proryrodes maculatus, but
femora edentate. The sides of the prothorax are almost as
289
strongly rounded as in elegans, but the disc is flattened, the
femora are unarmed, and the size is much smaller. The
flattened disc of the ‘prothorax will also distinguish it from
usitatus and darwint.
MYLLOCERUS SQUAMICORNIS, 0. sp.
Black, parts of appendages more or less reddish. Densely
clothed with golden-green scales. Elytra with fairly distinct,
subdepressed stramineous sete, more distinct on suture than
elsewhere.
Head rather convex, but somewhat flattened in front.
Eyes not very prominent. Rostrum distinctly shorter than
the basal width, sides distinctly decreasing in width to apex;
carine not traceable. Antenne long and thin; scape
moderately curved; first joint of funicle twice the length of
second, second scarcely longer than third. Prothorax lightly
transverse, sides feebly rounded, apex straight and just per-
ceptibly wider than base, narrowest part slightly outwards
of fourth elytral stria, base feebly bisinuate; punctures
scarcely traceable. Hlytra much wider than prothorax:
striation distinct but punctures almost or quite concealed.
Femora edentate. Length, 44 mm.
Hab.—South Australia: Cleve (J. Blackburn). Type,
T. 2558.
The prothorax is almost exactly the same width at base
as at apex, but as on close examination it certainly appears
to be slightly narrower at the base, it has been tabulated with
angustibasis, from which it differs in many respects in the
head and prothorax.. But regarding it as belonging to II in
the table, it would be associated with wusitatus, whose head,
eyes, rostrum, and antenne are all different. Tatei, the only
other green species known from South Australia, has con-
spicuously dentate femora, and is otherwise very different.
The scales on the antennz are of the same shade of green as
on the rest of the body; in most species of the genus the
antennal clothing is usually much paler. The head is un-
usually wide and flattened in front, with the flattened space
continued almost to apex of rostrum ; on the latter the median
‘carina is not at all traceable, and the sublateral ones are
traceable only as vague elevations where the antenne are
inserted. The short second joint of funicle is also distinctive.
MYLLOCERUS NIGROVARIUS, 0. sp.
Black, appendages reddish. Densely clothed with bright-
green scales, variegated with black on prothorax and elytra.
K
290
Elytra with a regular (or almost regular) row of short, but
distinct, suberect stramineous sete on each interstice.
Head gently convex at base, flattened between eyes ; these
large and prominent, the space between them scarcely more
than the length of each. Rostrum scarcely as long as the
basal width, sides decreasing in width to near apex; median
carina distinct in front, the sublateral ones rather feeble.
Antenne moderately long and thin; two basal-joints of funicle
subequal. Prothoraz not quite twice as wide as long, sides
feebly rounded, apex straight and almost as wide as base ;
punctures traceable. Hlytra much wider than prothorax,
feebly dilated to beyond the middle; striation distinct but
punctures greatly obscured by clothing. /emora very feebly
(scarcely visibly) dentate. Length, 3{-4 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Coen River (W. D. Dodd). Type,
12559)
The elytral sete are rather conspicuous but much shorter
than in echinatus, and the other species tabulated as having
long sete. Close to trepidus and darwini, but elytral sete
somewhat longer and upper-surface conspicuously spotted.
Mr. Dodd sent an abundance of specimens, the majority of
which have the derm entirely black, but in others it is more
or less reddish; the legs are sometimes almost black, but are
nearly always conspicuously reddish. On the prothorax there
is nearly always a conspicuous dark vitta on each side, but
it is occasionally broken up into spots, and is sometimes
scarcely traceable. On the elytra there are numerous small
dark spots of irregular size and distribution.
MYLLOCERUS CYRTOPS, Nn. sp.
Black, appendages in places obscurely reddish. Densely
clothed with whitish scales and with numerous depressed sete.
Head gently convex. Eyes large and prominent, the
distance between them less than length of prothorax.
Rostrum about as long as wide, sides almost parallel; median
carina distinct in front, the sublateral ones rather feeble.
Antenne long and thin; scape rather strongly curved; two.
basal-joints of funicle decidedly elongate, of almost equal
length. Prothorax scarcely once and one-half as wide as
long, sides moderately rounded, apex straight and almost the
width of base, with a feeble transverse impression near ape%i?
and another near base; punctures rather dense, but almost
concealed. Hlytra much wider than prothorax; with regular
rows of large, but almost concealed punctures, striation
291
distinct. Legs rather long; femora scarcely visibly dentate.
Length, 53-73 mm.
Hab.—North-western Australia: Low Rocks and Queen
Islet. Type in British Museum.
In general appearance close to elegans, but second joint
of antenne almost as long as first, instead of much shorter,
head a trifle wider, and elytra with much more numerous
sete, forming several irregular rows on each interstice. On
some specimens the scales on the under-surface have a faint
golden or greenish gloss.
MYLLOCERUS HILLI, 0. sp.
Blackish, legs of a rather pale red, antennz somewhat
darker, club still darker. Densely clothed with golden-green
or golden scales, paler on legs than elsewhere, elytra with
numerous irregularly transverse black spots, prothorax with
three black stripes, a black spot behind each eye. Llytra
with a row of rather long, suberect, pale sete on each
interstice, but becoming short on sides.
Head flat and rather long; inter-ocular fovea distinct.
Kyes rather large and prominent. Rostrum slightly longer
than wide, sides very feebly incurved, base and apex of even
width; with a short medio-apical carina. Antenne long and
thin; scape strongly curved; two basal-joints of funicle
unusually long, first about once and one-third the length of
second. Prothorazx lightly transverse, sides gently rounded,
base strongly bisinuate, and scarcely wider than apex, which
is truncate; with large punctures scattered about amongst
smaller ones, but the latter normally concealed. Elytra much
wider than prothorax; with rows of large, almost concealed
punctures. Legs long; femora acutely dentate. Length,
44 mm. -
Hab.—Northern Territory: Batchelor (G. F. Hill’s
a a). Darwin (E. W. Ferguson from F. P. Dodd). Type,
. 2728. :
A very beautiful species. From chrysideus it differs in
being considerably smaller, clothing with a decided golden
gloss, eyes much more prominent, prothorax longer, antennze
longer and thinner, and elytral sete longer. The sete are
more distinct than usual, but less upright and decidedly
* inner than in echinatus and suturalis. From gratus it
differs in being larger, rostrum longer, and elytra with con-
spicuous setez. The conspicuously variegated clothing readily
distinguishes from darwini, and there are differences of
sculpture as well.
K2
292
MyYLLOcCERUS ARMIPECTUS, Nl. Sp.
Black, legs obscurely reddish. Clothed with bright-green
scales, variegated with feeble brownish spots. Elytra with an
indistinct row of depressed setz on each interstice.
Head rather short and wide, with a narrow inter-ocular
impression. Hyes fairly large. Rostrum slightly wider than
long, sides gently incurved to middle, base and apex equal,
median carina narrow and distinct, the sublateral ones
partially concealed. Antenne moderately long; two basal-
joints of funicle subequal in length. Prothorax twice as wide
as the median length, apex lightly incurved to middle, sides
rounded, gently increasing in width from apex to beyond
middle, and then decreasing to base, which is distinctly wider
than apex; with fairly large, partially concealed punctures,
and remnants of a median carina. EHlytra distinctly wider
than prothorax, subparallel-sided to near apex; with regular
rows of fairly large, partially concealed punctures. /Pro-
sternum with a rather small but acutely conical tubercle
projecting backwards on to mesosternum. Jemora stout,
edentate. Length, 5-54 mm.
Hab.—Northern Territory: Darwin (G. F. Hill’s
No. 293).
Readily distinguished from all others of the genus by the
prosternal tubercle. Jntercoxalis and prosternalis each has
an acute ridge there, but as the ridge is not conspicuously
elevated posteriorly it has not the appearance of a tubercle.
Those species also are different in many other respects. The
prothorax of the type has a short vague dark stripe on each
side and traces of another on the middle. A second specimen
is rather badly abraded, but traces of the stripes are present.
SYNOMUS.
The typical species (cephalotes) of this genus was
described as having ovate elytra no wider at the base than
the prothorax, and with erect sete. The clothing was
apparently not variegated. The species appears to be un-
known to Australian workers, but I have previously named
a second one (@rugimosus), and have now to name two others.
Of these ovipennis has strongly rounded and highly convex
elytra, very different to those of any other of the Australian
adlies of yllocerus; most of its scales are greyish, but with con-
spicuous black markings. The other, imconspicuus, in out-
lines is nearer ewruginosus, but is also clothed with greyish
scales; it is quite apterous, as probably are all species of the
genus. Iyllocerus subapterus is a connecting link between
it and Myllocerus.
293
SYNOMUS OVIPENNIS, n. sp.
Blackish-brown, some parts black, appendages obscurely
diluted with red. Moderately densely clothed with greyish-
white scales, variegated with black; with numerous more or
less erect sete, longer on elytra than elsewhere.
Head short; eyes subbasal and- but feebly convex.
Rostrum stout, almost as wide as head, sides feebly diminish-
ing in width to apex, with a narow median carina bifurcated
in front, sublateral carine narrow and curved at insertion of
antenne. Antenne rather thin; scape the length of front
tibize ; two basal-joints of funicle moderately long. Prothorax
about once and one-half as wide as the median length, apex
feebly incurved to middle, sides gently rounded and feebly
decreasing in width to base, which is almost truncate; with
fairly large but more or less concealed punctures. “/ytra
ovate, strongly convex, base no wider than base of prothorax,
but almost twice as wide across middle; with regular rows of
fairly large, partially concealed punctures. Leneth, 3+ mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns (Blackburn’s collection).
Types 2930: |
A small species curiously suggestive of some small spiders,
on account of its comparatively large elytra, strongly pro-
jecting above the prothorax. On the type the scales on the
head are mostly black, the prothorax has a wide black longi-
tudinal vitta on each side, and the elytra have a transverse
fascia just beyond the middle, but interrupted close to suture ;
there are also a few feeble spots towards the base. The elytra
when viewed from behind are seen to have a regular row of
setz on each interstice.
SYNOMUS INCONSPICUUS, Nh. Sp.
Black, appendages more or less obscurely diluted with
red. Densely clothed with greyish-white and _ slaty-grey
scales, irregularly distributed, but becoming almost uniformly
pale on under-surface; with short scattered sete, but on the
elytra forming a regular row on each interstice.
Head rather wide, derm concealed. Eyes rather pro-
minent. Rostrum about as long as the basal width, sides
feebly diminishing in width to apex, median and sublateral
caring moderately distinct in front, elsewhere concealed.
Antenne rather long; scape rather strongly curved, two basal-
joints of funicle rather long and subequal. Pr othorax rather
lightly transverse, sides gently rounded, apex truncate, base
lightly bisinuate. Hlytra subovate, base no wider than base
of prothorax but across middle about one-half wider; with
rows of large, almost concealed punctures. Length, 33-4 mm.
294
Hab.—Australia: Elder Expedition (R. Helms). Type,
7.2938
The three specimens before me were very gummy and
were passed over by the late Rev. T. Blackburn when dealing
with the Coleoptera of the Elder Expedition. On being
floated off and cleaned, however, two of them are in condition
that leaves little to be desired. They are quite apterous, in
which they differ from Jyllocerus subapterus, which has
wings, although too small to be used for flight.
SUBFAMILY LEPTOPSIDES
LEPTOPS RECURVUS, N. sp.
¢. Black. Rather densely clothed with white or whitish
scales, with stouter ones scattered about, but dense on legs.
Head with small, concealed punctures. Rostrum rather
long, depressed along middle but not to base; sublateral sulei
rather shallow and open posteriorly. Antenne rather thin;
second joint of funicle longer than first. Prothorax moder-
ately transverse, shallowly depressed along middle, surface
vermiculate, apex notched in middle. lytra with rows of
large punctures, and with rows of tubercles on the third,
fifth, and seventh interstices, on the third and fifth rounded
towards base, but becoming subconical and larger posteriorly,
the largest crowning the posterior declivity, a small tubercle
where the third and fifth unite near apex, on the seventh
interstice the tubercles are fewer in number, but there is a
very conspicuous recurved one on the shoulder. Breas# un-
armed. Legs rather long. Length, 94-11 mm.
@. Differs in being larger (11-144 mm.), legs and
antennz somewhat shorter, prothorax more transverse, and
elytra considerably wider, with smaller and more obtuse
tubercles.
Hab.—South Australia: Port Lincoln (Blackburn’s col-
lection). Type, E29.
This species was incorrectly identified by the late Rev.
T. Blackburn as humeralis, and with some reservations I pre-
viously accepted that identification 2); but it is readily dis-
tinguished from that species, and from all others of the genus,
by the strongly recurved humeral spine, which is alike on the
five specimens before me.
LEpToprps rRosustus, Oliv.
humeralis, Germ.
Mr. Arrow informed me that the species I have as
robustus (and apparently correctly so) was named in the
(21) See note under robustus.
295
British Mueum as humeralis; and certainly it agrees well with
the description of that species. It is true the rostrum was
described as bicarinate, but the narrow median carina is not
always present, and even when it is, is sometimes concealed
by scales.
A specimen sent to me as humeralis by the late Rev. T.
Blackburn is really not that species, but a new one, here
desribed as recurvus. At the time I tabulated the genus ()
I had seen but the one specimen and noted (25) its discrepancies
from the original description, but was under the impression
that he had connecting forms, which, however, was not the
case.(24) The table in consequence was inaccurate as regards
humeralis and hypocritus. In the table, therefore, for
humeralis substitute reeurvus, and for hypocritus substitute
rhizophagus var.'2)
LEPTOPS RHIZOPHAGUS, Nl. Sp.
6. Black. Clothed with scales varying from grey or
oclireous-grey to golden; the elevated parts with small, black,
indistinct scales.
/Tead with small, dense punctures. Rostrum rather long ;
sublateral sulci deep and closed at both ends, narrowly
impressed along middle, with an even ridge between same
and each sublateral sulcus. Prothorax about as long as wide,
widely and shallowly depressed along middle, transversely
impressed before and behind middle, the sides vermiculate.
Scutellum distinct. Hlytra at extreme base scarcely wider
than prothorax, but much wider beyond middle; with rows
of large, partially concealed punctures; suture thickened but
not tuberculate; third, fifth, and seventh interstices obtusely
tuberculate. Zvbie denticulate on lower-surface. Length
(excluding rostrum), 11-13 mm.
Q. Differs in being larger (14-16 mm.).and wider, pro-
thorax somewhat transverse, elytra much larger, and legs
somewhat shorter.
Hab.—South Australia: Wirrabara (S. H. Curnow).
Type, 1. 2720.
(22) Ann. Soc. Ent. Belge, 1906, pp. 314-316.
(23) Z.c., p. 380,
1 (24) There were three other specimens of the species standing
in his collection as humeralis.
(25) The specimen I tabulated as hypocritus has a feeble median
carina, and another specimen of the species has a still more feeble
one, but on all the other specimens examined the rostrum is deeply
but narrowly impressed along the middle. mee
296
The general appearance of both sexes is close to that of
robustus, but it may be at once distinguished from that
species by the suture. In robustus the suture at the summit
of the posterior declivity is considerably thickened, and sup-
pled with numerous granules or small tubercles; in the pre-
sent species the suture there is entirely without granules or
tubercles. The median groove of the rostrum is deeper than
in robustus, and there are some minor distinctions. I had
specimens of this species, and there are others in the Macleay
Museum labelled as hypocritus, but as they did not agree with
the description some were sent to Mr. Arrow for comparison
with the type of that species, and of them he wrote: ‘‘Your
Leptops is entirely different from ZL. hypocritus, which is
smaller, with shorter and more rotund elytra, and completely
covered with green or grey scales. The pronotum is scarcely
wrinkled, but has a slight median canal in its anterior part
only.’’ In my table it would be associated with cicatricosus
and setosus, to neither of which is it at all close. The scales,
except the indistinct black ones, are more or less uniformly
coloured throughout, on most specimens being of a more or
less ashen-grey, but on several distinctly golden, sometimes.
with a rosy gloss, but not one of the numerous typical speci-
mens has them green. They are sparse or absent from most
of the elevated parts, so that, to the naked eye, the prothorax
appears feebly striped, and the elytra conspicuously so. The
tubercles on the odd interstices are small and obtuse, and
cause them to appear hke undulating ridges; they all
terminate slightly below the summit of the posterior declivity.
On the fifth they commence near the basal fifth, on the others
at the base; near the base of the seventh there is a subconical
one, larger ‘than any of the others, but not very large.
Mr. Curnow informs me that the species is responsible
for the destruction of many apple-trees by the larve eating the
roots, apparently in much the same way as the larve of
robustus and squalidus (hoper) do.
STENOCORYNUS VARIABILIS, Blackb. (formerly Lipothyrea).
This species was doubtfully referred to Lipothyrea by the
late Rev. T. Blackburn, but it is a Stenocorynus. The
original generic diagnosis of Lipothyrea is very faulty, and
the genus will probably find a resting place in the
Tanyrhynchides.
STENOCORYNUS SUBFASCIATUS, Pasc. (formerly Leptops).
S. oie Lea.
Mr. Arrow has kindly sent a co-type of Leptops sub-
fasciatus, Pasc. It 1s certainly a Stenocorynws, and is the
297
species I subsequently named neglectus. In addition to being
referred to a wrong genus, the description of the antenne and
prothorax is misleading.
MANDALOTUS.
The number of species still to be described in this highly
interesting genus of dingy weevils must be enormous.
Although several new species were dealt with in these Trans-
actions as recently as 1912 (pp. 76-80), eleven have now to
be described, three species of which were obtained (two in
considerable numbers) from a few square yards covered with
fallen leaves at Mount Tambourine. Several others are also
known to me, but their representatives being dirty or abraded
they were not described, as they belong to the section of the
genus without remarkable processes on the sterna or abdomen ;
a few also are not in South Australian collections. Many
unmated females are also known to me, but, unless very dis-
tinctive, 1t is not desirable to name a species in the genus
from females only.
Since my first table of the genus (1907, pp. 131-135)
so many new forms have been named that a fresh one
is desirable, especially as the positions of some of the species
there noted were fixed in error, only their females being then
known. The present table deals exclusively with males, ex-
cept that two species, imterocularis and carteri, are dis-
tinguished, inter se, by their females.
298
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Noves on TABLE.
B. 5b. Some specimens of niger might almost be regarded
as having the process subconical.
B. ee. This character is such a striking one that it has
been used, although it is usually difficult, without breaking
off a tibia, to see the carinz clearly.
FF. Transversus is here included, as the transverse
sculpture associates it with G; the elytra, however, might be
regarded as subtuberculate.
K. ff. In angustipictus the metasternum and abdomen
are widely depressed, but the depression is comparatively
shallow.
K. h. A very small species, not at all likely to be con-
founded with any of the four following ones.
O. Squamibundus is included here, although the front
coxze do not appear to quite touch each other when viewed
from behind. But it is not at all likely to be confused with
any species of OO.
The following species are not included in the table, as
their types are possibly females; but assuming that their
types are males their positions would be as follows :—
Pondericornis. Would be placed with crassicornis, from
which it differs in being more robust; rostrum shorter and
much more convex, scape stouter and clothing different.
Latus and rufipes. These would be associated with
campylocnemis, but they differ in many respects from that
species; they may be readily distinguished thus :—
Front cox touching .. see yee he US
Front coxe moderately separated BT Behe ee ee RII
Front coxze widely separated a ese eee CON DILOCMeRNGS
MANDALOTUS GLABER, Blackb.
There are before me ten specimens, including seven males,
that were standing in the late Rev. T. Blackburn’s collection
as glaber, or were so identified by him, and one of each sex
was labelled as a co-type. The specimens certainly look as if
they belonged to but one species, but they quite evidently
belong to two, one of which is herein named decipiens. There
is fortunately no doubt as to the typical form, the description
of the hind tibize of the male being quite sufficient. The
basal segment of the abdomen of the male was described as
being ‘‘late concavo subinezquali’’; as a matter of fact it has
a granule or small tubercle on each side placed exactly in a
line with the inner edge of the middle coxe. The following
comparison of characters, which are constant in three males
304
of glaber and four of decipiens, should render the identifi-
eation of the males easy :—
Glaber. Decipiens.
Hind tibize notched near Hind tibiz not notched near
apex,(26) the apex itself with a apex, and apex not’ con-
strong imner spur. spicuously spurred.
Basal segment of abdomen Basal segment rather feebly
conspicuously depressed along depressed.
middle.
Distance between tubercles Distance between tubercles
more than length of second less than. length of second
segment in middle. segment.
Dividing line between front Dividing line less than half
coxze more than half the dis- that distance.
tance between middle coxe.
The females may also be distinguished by those of glaber
being larger, abdomen less convex, and front coxze more
widely separated.
MANDALOTUS PUNCTIVENTRIS, Blackb.
There are five co-types of this species in the Museum,
only one of which, however, is a male. This specimen has,
at the apex of the basal segment of abdomen, a curved shining
line that appears to abruptly mark the apex of a semicircular
space, but the curved line is not elevated above the space
anterior to itself, so it cannot be regarded as a carina; nor
does it encroach upon the second segment as in ventralis.
Its middle tibize are armed with a distinct median tooth, and
some smaller ones; the teeth are of a different character to
those of fergusoni, and the elytra are very different to those
of that species. The female, in general appearance, is very
close to some females of ventralis, but has a much thinner
scape and longer elytral sete.
MANDALOTUS ADVENUS, Blackb.
There are two co-types (sexes) of this species in the
Museum. The male has the basal abdominal segment carin-
ated at the apex, the carina being rather short and straight.
Some years ago the late Rev. T. Blackburn, in answer to an
enquiry, wrote of this species: ‘‘Would fall in your table
beside bryophagus. Its front coxze undoubtedly touch each
other. I suppose advenus differs from bryophagus by, inter
alia, hind tibis angularly dilated within.’’ It seems to me,
however, that the front coxe do not quite touch each other,
and the speices therefore would be associated in my former
(26) Not visible from certain directions, but very distinct from
others; when clearly visible the tibie at the notch appear to be
suddenly and strongly narrowed, with the apical spur overhanging
the notch.
305
table with dlackburni, from which it is at. once distinguished
by the hind tibie, and by the abdominal carina being straight,
with its ends on the apex; whereas in blackburni and
bryophagus the carina is distinctly curved and the ends are
not on the apex.
MANDALOTUS BLACKMORE], Lea.
The typical specimens of this species have the rostral
carina uncovered throughout; this is also the case with the
majority of numerous specimens subsequently taken at Sydney
by Mr. Carter, but a few have the carina uncovered only at
apex.
Recently I obtained under a stone, near the beach at
Port MacDonnell (South Australia), eleven specimens that
appear to belong to the species, but differ in having the carina
normally quite concealed. These specimens also average a
trifle smaller than the others, but I cannot find distinctions
sufficient to warrant their specific separation.
MANDALOTUS CARTERI, Lea.
This species was distinguished from sabulosus and
sydneyensis, in my former table, by the raised alternate
interstices of elytra. Additional specimens, however, denote
that these are sometimes so feebly elevated that they do not
appear to be higher than the others. The species occurs in
Victoria (Mounts Hotham and Buffalo) and South Australia
(Lucindale), as well as in New South Wales.
MANDALOTUS NIGER, Lea, var. (?)
A specimen from the Blue Mountains (Blackburn’s col-
lection) differs from the previously described males of this
species in having the intercoxal process of the mesosternum
wider and truncate at tip; in the normal form the process
is intermediate between the laminated and pointed ones. In
simulator, whose prothorax, however, is very different, the
process is somewhat longer, but also truncate at tip.
M. autsonotatus, Lea. AHab.—Lucindale.
M. arcuatus, Lea. Hab.—Nelson (Victoria).
M. simitis, Lea. Hab.—Mount Lofty, Murray Bridge,
Adelaide.
M. arciFeRus, Lea. Hab.—Mount Gambier.
MANDALOTUS LATENS, 0. sp.
3. Black; appendages, and sometimes the elytra and
abdomen, of a more or less dingy-red. Densely clothed with
muddy-brown scales, interspersed with decumbent sete.
306
Rostrum rather stout and more dilated to near apex
than usual, carina normally uncovered only about apex.
Antenne rather short; first joint of funicle distinctly longer
and stouter than second. Prothorax with numerous normally
quite concealed granules. Hlytra conjointly arcuate at base,
not much longer than wide, a subtubercular elevation near
each shoulder; with rows of large, normally concealed punc-
tures; alternate interstices moderately elevated. Basal seg-
ment of abdomen with two small tubercles at extreme apex.
Front core rather widely separated; tibie lightly curved.
Length, 24-23 mm.
@. Differs in being somewhat larger; and basal segment
of abdomen more convex and without tubercles.
_ Hab.—Queensland: Mount Tambourine, from rotting
leaves (A. M. lea). Type, 1. 2708:
A smal! species with two tubercles at tip of first
abdominal segment as in the following species, but the seg-
ment itself gently convex in middle, instead of slightly con-
cave, the whole insect decidedly wider, and the alternate
interstices elevated.
MANDALOTUS LUTOSUS, HN. sp.
d. Blackish, antenne and tarsi of a rather dingy-red.
Densely clothed with muddy-brown scales, interspersed with
stout decumbent sete.
Rostrum with carina concealed. First joint of funicle
distinctly longer than second. Prothorax with numerous
rather large granules, readily traceable before abrasion.
Elytra rather feebly arcuate at base, about twice as long as
the basal width, widest about middle; with rows of large,
more or less concealed punctures; interstices regular. Basal
segment of abdomen with two small tubercles at extreme apex.
Front core widely separated ; tibie lightly curved. Length,
23 mm.
Q. Differs in being wider, abdomen more convex and
without tubercles. ,
Hab.—Australia (Blackburn’s collection). Type, I. 2709.
Allied to. glaber and geminatus, but with the small
tubercles at the extreme tip of the first segment of abdomen
instead of slightly before same. In general appearance, how-
ever, it is not at all close to either of those species. One of
the specimens bore a purplish-red label of Mr. French’s,
probably indicating that it was from Victoria.
MANDALOTUS DECIPIENS, 0. sp.
¢. Black, shining, antenne (club excepted) and parts
of tarsi more or less red. Upper-surface with short, sparse,
307
suberect setz, and a few indistinct scales; under-surface more
noticeably but still sparsely clothed; tibie conspicuously
ciliated.
Head with dense punctures. Rostrum rather suddenly
dilated at apex; with dense punctures, and a rather feeble
median carina. First joint of funicle about as long as second
and third combined. Prothorax with rather strongly and
evenly rounded sides: sides with obtuse granules; disc with
scattered punctures and without granules; with a fine
median line. Llytra conjointly arcuate at base; with rows of
fairly large punctures; interstices regular, each with a row of
small punctures, and with some very small ones. Basal seg-
ment of abdomen gently depressed along middle, with two
small tubercles near, but not at apex, the space between them
decidedly less than the length of second segment. Front cove
widely separated; femora very stout; tibie conspicuously
ciliated, front pair feebly serrated on _ lower-surface,
thickened near base, and incurved between apex and thickened
portion. Length, 44-43 mm.
Q. Differs in having elytra more ovate, abdomen more
convex and non-tuberculate, and front tibie less dilated near
base, and less incurved about apex.
Hab.—Victoria: Mounts Baldi and Hotham (Blackburn’s
collection). Type, I. 2710.
In general appearance strikingly close to glaber, but dis-
tinguished by characters of the legs and under-surface; for
these see comments under glaber.
MANDALOTUS SQUALIDUS, Nn. sp.
¢. Black, antennze and parts of legs of a more or less
dingy-red. Densely clothed with muddy-brown scales, thickly
interspersed with stout sete.
Rostrum with carina distinct throughout. Prothorar
with numerous granules, fairly distinct through clothing.
Elytra subovate, base conjointly arcuate; with rows of fairly
large, almost concealed punctures; interstices regularly con-
vex. Second segment of abdomen with two small, almost
conjoined, tubercles in middle. Front coze widely separated ;
front tibie lightly bisinuate. Length, 34 mm.
Hab.—South Australia: Adelaide (A. M. Lea). Type,
eee
With two small tubercles on second abdominal segment
as in amplicollis, but apex of front tibie not suddenly and
strongly curved inwards, clothing different, and size much
smaller.
308
MANDALOTUS MINUTUS, N. Sp.
3. Black or blackish, antenne and parts of legs reddish.
Rather densely clothed with obscurely variegated scales, and
with rather sparse sete interspersed ; ciliation of tibiz rather:
sparse but conspicuous.
Rostrum with carina normally concealed. Prothorax
with small dense granules, scarcely traceable before abrasion.
Elytra conjointly arcuate at base; with rows of fairly large
punctures, appearing much smaller through clothing; inter-
stices evenly convex. Basal segment of abdomen with a rather
strongly curved, semi-double carina, its middle at apex of
segment. Front cove widely separated; tibie rather thin,
apex dilated. Length, 3 mm.
Hab.—South Australia: Kangaroo Island, close to sea
beach (AG Meatea)e Type. ta2 rae
In size and general appearance fairly close to bzcarinatus,
and like that species the apex of second abdominal segment
appears to be carinated, but the front coxz are very widely
separated, the distance between them being fully equal to
that between the middle coxe of that species. The carina is:
more strongly arched than in imtator, and less so than in
eartert, sabulosus, and sydneyensis, but it is a much smaller
insect than all of those.
MANDALOTUS FERRUGINEUS, 0. Sp.
3. Black, antenne and parts of legs of a dingy-red.
Densely clothed with rusty-brown scales; with numerous:
similarly-coloured setz, longer and more conspicuous on the
legs than elsewhere.
Rostrum with carina normally concealed. Two basal-
joints of funicle rather long and subequal, their combined
length equal to the five following combined. Prothoraz rather
convex, sides strongly rounded; disc uneven and with
numerous more or less concealed granules. Hlytra irregular
at base, shoulders strongly projecting, surface very uneven;
with rows of large, almost concealed punctures. Basal seg-
ment of abdomen feebly depressed. Front core rather widely
separated, middle pair separated about same distance, with
a strong longitudinal carina; front tibie rather strongly
curved about apex, the curved portion denticulate, apex
mucronate, glabrous internally, four hind tibie glabrous on
lower-surface, the hind pair rather suddenly dilated at apex,
and obtusely bidentate at lower apex. Length, 6-7} mm.
Q. Differs in being more robust, abdomen convex,
middle cox scarcely carinated and tibie less incurved about
apex and otherwise different.
309
Hab.—Queensland: Mount Tambourine, in rotting leaves
(A .M. Lea). Type, I. 2713.
A rough, rusty-looking insect, allied to coatest and
irrasus, but larger and wider, with the middle coxz closer
together, and the front tibize different; from the former also
it differs in having the elytra much more conspicuously tuber-
culate. In many respects it is close to valgus, but the cloth-
ing of the abdomen of the male is very different, the front
tibiz have the apical mucro directed downwards instead of
forwards, and the hind tibiz are much less curved and other-
wise different at apex. The elytra are quinque-sinuate at the
base, owing to the suture there being bifurcated, and to the
third interstice being subtuberculate. There: are numerous
small rounded tubercles scattered about, and several form a
distinct curved row at summit of posterior declivity; each
shoulder has a stout, oblique lateral elevation. The distance
between the middle coxe at their middle is no greater than
that between the front pair, if as much, and each has a
longitudinal ridge or carina which, when viewed directly from
in front, appears like a subconical tubercle (much as in
valgus).
MANDALOTUS TRANSVERSUS, Nl. Sp.
3(?). Black, antenne and parts of legs of a more or less
dingy-red. Densely clothed with rather light-brown, feebly
variegated scales, thickly interspersed with stout suberect
sete, longer on legs than elsewhere.
Rostrum with carina conspicuous throughout, with a few
setiferous granules; apical plate distinctly elevated above the
adjacent parts. Antenne rather stout. Prothorax with
many conspicucus transverse impressions, sides strongly
rounded. Jlytra rather wide, surface somewhat uneven,
especially posteriorly, but scarcely tuberculate; with rows
of large punctures, appearing very small through clothing.
Abdomen wide, basal segment scarcely convex in middle.
Front cox widely separated, tibie somewhat curved at apex.
Length, 43-54 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Dorrigo (W. Heron). Type,
T. 2714. |
The three typical specimens appear to belong to but one
sex, probably the male. Regarding the elytra as tuberculate
the species would he associated with campylocnemis, from
which it differs in many respects. But regarding them as
non-tuberculate it would be associated with setosws, from
which it differs in having wider elytra, posterior declivity
irregular, antenne shorter and stouter, and tibie different.
The other species with granules transversely arranged are all
much smaller. From some directions the elytra, owing to a
310
slight elevation of the third interstice on each, appear to be
trisinuate at base, but from others they appear to be con-
jointly arcuate. |
MANDALOTUS CILIATUS, Nn. sp.
d. Black, antenne and parts of legs of a dingy-red.
Densely clothed with muddy-brown scales, thickly interspersed
with setze; tibiz with long and conspicuous ciliation, the
middle pair less noticeably so than the others.
Rostrum with carina normally concealed. Prothorax
rather wide, sides strongly rounded ; with numerous granules,
normally concealed but distinct on abrasion. Flytra con-
jointly arcuate at base, greatest width scarcely equal to that
of prothorax; with rows of large, normally indistinct punc-
tures; alternate interstices feebly elevated. Basal segment of
abdomen widely depressed in middle. Front core widely
separated; front tibiz rather strongly curved at apex, con-
spicuously ciliated, apex terminated by a small sharp spur.
Length, 5 mm.
Hab.—Victoria: Nelson (Blackburn’s collection). Type,
iy A) :
In general appearance close to piliventris, but abdomen of
male without long seta between the hind coxe. The front
tibie of that species are shining internally (as in the present
one) but the depth is almost even from near base to apex, in
the present species the tibiz are rather stout near base, and
then distinctly narrow to near apex, the apex itself being
dilated and terminated by an acute spur.
Two females are associated with the type, but they
possibly belong to a different species, as they are considerably
smaller; they have the rostral carina distinct. throughout.
MANDALOTUS ABDOMINALIS, N. sp.
3. Black, antenne, legs, and part of abdomen reddish.
Densely clothed with muddy-brown feebly variegated scales,
thickly interspersed with stout suberect sete; ciliation of tibie
inconspicuous.
Rostrum with carina normally concealed. Antenne
rather short. Prothorax widest slightly in advance of middle;
with large almost concealed granules or short ridges; with a
vague median line. X£lytra short, base almost truncate,
widest just behind shoulders, where the width is slightly more
than that of the prothorax; with rows of large, almost con-
cealed punctures; alternate interstices moderately elevated.
Basal segment of abdomen with a semicircular glabrous space
at apex. Front core widely separated; front tibiz moder-
ately curved at apex. Length, 24-23 mm.
311
Q. Differs in being more robust, abdomen more convex,
and without a semicircular glabrous space, and the tibie less
curved.
Hab.—Queensland : Mount Tambourine, in rotting leaves
fae. Lea). “Type, 1. 2716.
In general appearance strikingly lke Jatens, and
obtained from the same lot of rotting leaves. I had, in fact,
the two species mounted together, but in floating them off and
examining the abdomen the males were seen to belong to two
different sections of the genus. The present species has no
tubercles on the basal segment of abdomen, but has an
abruptly terminated semicircular shining space, not encroach-
ing on the second segment (as in ventralis) nor terminated by
a carina, aS In so many species of the genus, but bent down
at the tip; it is, in fact, much as in punctiventris, which,
however, differs in many other features. Before abrasion
the prothoracic granules are so indistinct that it is difficult
to see how they are disposed, but on abrasion they are seen
to be large and in the form of short transverse or oblique
ridges. Consequently in the present table the species should
be placed with arcuatus. But as the transverse arrangement
is less conspicuous than in other species and is not at all
traceable before abrasion, I originally placed it in the table
immediately after avenaceus,; from all the species following
that one, up to and inclusive of rufimanus, it is readily dis-
tinguished by the abdomen.
The females of this species and of /atens are indistinguish-
able before abrasion, but when the scales have been removed
the prothoracic granules are distinctive.
MANDALOTUS ANGUSTUS, Nl. Sp.
3 (?). Black, antennze and tarsi reddish. Densely
clothed with light-greyish, feebly variegated scales, inter-
spersed with suberect setz; ciliation of tibiz inconspicuous.
Rostrum but feebly dilated near apex, median carina
distinct throughout. Prothorax not much wider than long,
sides rather lightly rounded; with numerous partially con-
cealed granules; with a vague median line. UHlytra compara-
tively long, base conjointly arcuate and closely applied to
prothorax ; with rows of large punctvfres, appearing very small
through clothing ; interstices regularly convex. Basal segment
of abdomen almost flat in middle. Front core moderately
separated, the dividing line between them less than half the
width of a coxa; front tibiz lightly curved at apex. Length,
4-41 mm.
312
Hab.—Queensland : Toowoomba (Blackburn’s collection).
ype, Ey 277
A rather narrow densely-clothed species, in general
appearance something like ammophilus, but with very different
antenne and front coxe rather widely separated. The elytral
sete are in quite regular rows.
There are three specimens in the Museum, one of which
has the basal segment of abdomen rather more convex than
the others, so that it is probably a female.
MANDALOTUS RUFIMANUS, N. Sp.
d(?). Black, antenne and tarsi reddish. Densely
clothed with muddy-brown obscurely variegated scales,
thickly interspersed with sete.
Rostrum with carina distinct throughout. Prothorax
with numerous partially concealed granules. LHlytra oblong-
cordate ; with rows of fairly large punctures, appearing small
before abrasion ; interstices evenly convex. Basal segment of
abdomen flat across middle. Front core widely separated,
the dividing line between them more than half the width of a
coxa, front tibiz moderately curved about apex. Length,
3-3} mm.
Hab.—South Australia: Adelaide, obtained by means
of a sweep-net at night from lucerne (A. M. Lea). Type,
IE AT Ate,
The four specimens before me appear to be all males.
POLYPHRADES INSIGNIPENNIS, Nl. Sp.
3. Black. Densely clothed with brownish-grey scales,
sometimes with a vague golden gloss; in addition with
numerous short and mostly depressed setz, more distinct on
suture on posterior declivity than elsewhere.
Head with narrow, longitudinal impressions, vaguely
traceable through clothing; separated from rostrum by a dis-
tinct transverse impression. Rostrum with punctures con-
cealed, except on apical triangle, where they are small.
Antenne stout. Prothorax moderately transverse, sides
strongly rounded; with dense, depressed granules. Hlytra at
base the width of base of prothorax, sides obliquely and
rather strongly increasing in width to near middle, then
strongly arcuate to near apex, and then produced near apex;
with rows of fairly large punctures, becoming small pos-
teriorly; third interstice conspicuously elevated at basal
fourth. Four front tebz@ denticulate on lower-surface.
Length (3, 2), 7-8 mm.
Q. Differs in having the prothorax ee transverse,
313
elytra with sides rounded from near base, a slight emargina-
tion beyond middle, apex not trilobed, and third interstice
not conspicuously elevated at base ; legs somewhat shorter and
denticulation of tibiz very feeble.
Hab.—North-western Australia: Parry Island and
*Queen Islet. Type in British Museum.
A remarkably distinct species in a genus of gloomy and
usually closely-allied weevils. On the male the sides of the
elytra about the middle are subangularly dilated, and near
the apex they appear tuberculate, owing to the space between
the second and fifth interstices being somewhat prolonged, in
consequence the apex appears to be trilobed, with the median
lobe somewhat in advance of the others: The incurvature of
the sides that starts about the middle allows free movements
to the hind femora. On the feniale there is a feeble notch on
each side just where it is touched by the femur.
POLYPHRADES CRASSICORNIS, N. sp.
6. Black. Densely clothed wih muddy-grey scales,
becoming paler, and sometimes with a bluish gloss, on muzzle,
under-surface, and legs. In addition with dense, short, sub-
erect sete.
Head wide and rather convex ; punctures concealed ; with
a narrow median line, continued to apical triangle of rostrum.
Rostrum short, narrowed from base to apex, without a trans-
verse basal impression. Antennz stout; scape scarcely more
than half the length of funicle and club combined ; basal-joint
of funicle as long as three following combined. Prothoraz
rather strongly transverse, sides strongly rounded ; with dense
flattened granules. Hlytra at base slightly wider than base
of prothorax, sides parallel for a very short distance, then
strongly rounded, and widest just before middle (where the
width is slightly more than the middle of prothorax) ; with
rows of large, partially concealed punctures, becoming smaller
posteriorly ; third interstice decidedly elevated and thickened
at base, but becoming level with the others before the basal
fourth. Legs rather stout; four front tibiz feebly denticu-
late. Length, 5-6 mm.
. Differs in having the sides of prothorax shghtly less
dilated and the elytra with the third SSE very feebly
elevated at the base.
Hab.—Northern Territory : Batchélor and Darwin (G. F.
Hills No, 308). Type, 1 333:
The unusually short rostrum, stout antenne and legs, and
conspicuously elevated base of third interstice of male, should.
render this a fairly distinct species.
314
POLYPHRADES COLLARIS, Nn. Sp.
3. Black. Densely clothed with muddy-grey or brownish-
grey scales, becoming paler, and sometimes with a metallic
lustre on muzzle, under-surface, and legs. In addition with
short dense setze, more distinct on elytra than elsewhere.
Head with dense, partially concealed punctures. Rostrum™
short, with a conspicuous transverse impression at base.
Antenne stout, scape almost as long as funicle, first joint of
funicle scarcely as long as second and third combined. /Pro-
thorax twice as wide as long, sides increasing, with a somewhat
sinuous outline, from apex to base; with small dense granules,
somewhat transversely arranged. Elytra at base much
narrower than base of prothorax, sides at base feebly
notched, and then widely rounded; with rows of fairly large,
subquadrate, partialiy concealed punctures, interstices flat or
gently convex. Legs stout, four front tibie denticulate.
logiaginn (5 OG O= 6} mm.
OF Ditters sam hawine the prothorax sith the basal half
almost parallel-sided, and the base itself abruptly truncate.
Hab.—Northern Terrivory :, Batchelor) (Gs) bey Emil:
No. 299), Darwin (N. Davies). Type, I. 3332.
The prothorax is remarkable. On he male the sides are
gently rounded from about the apex to the basal third, where
they are slightly but noticeably dilated to the base, the base
itself being considerably wider than the base of the elytra,
and quite as wide as the widest portion of same. On the
female the sides are evenly rounded and gently increase in
width to the extreme base, which is considerably wider than
the base of the elytra, although slightly narrower than the
widest part of same. On the males of paganus, nanus, and
of several other species the middle of the prothorax is con-
siderably wider than the base of the elytra, but towards the
base it decreases in width. On the present species the sides
are not at all diminished towards the base, and in consequence
the numerous specimens sent by Mr. Hill all appear to be
compounded of two specimens; the head and prothorax of
one, attached to tle body of a smaller specimen.
POLYPHRADES BASIROSTRIS, Nl. Sp.
3. Black. Densely clothed with muddy-grey or rusty-
grey scales, becoming paler on muzzle, under-surface, and
legs. In addition with short, dense sete; more distinct on
elytra than elsewhere.
Head wide, almost flat between eyes; with dense, con-
cealed punctures. Eyes rounder and more convex than usual.
Rostrum short, with a conspicuous transverse impression at
315
base. Antenne stout; scape somewhat shorter than funicle ;
first joint of funicle not as long as second and third combined.
Prothorax strongly transverse, sides strongly rounded and
widest at about basal fourth, with small dense granules.
Elytra at base slightly narrower than base of prothorax,
sides rather strongly rounded and widest at basal third; with
rows of large partially concealed punctures. Legs stout, four
front tibie denticulate. Length (d, 9), 44-64 mm.
Q. Differs in having the sides of the prothorax much
less rounded, base distinctly wider than apex, elytra wider
at the base, the sides less dilated, and their greatest width
about the middle.
Hab.—Northern Territory: Melville Island (W. D.
Dodd), Bathurst Island (G. F. Hiull’s No. 353). Type,
I. 3330.
In general appearance rather close to setosus, but trans-
verse impression at base of rostrum quite distinct before
abrasion; whereas on that species it is normally concealed ;
the prothoracic sculpture is also not transversely arranged, as
on that species. Before abrasion the elytral striation is dis-
tinct, but the punctures appear to be very small and almost
absent posteriorly; on abrasion, however, those of the male
are seen to be subquadrate, and quite as wide as the inter-
stices near the base; on the female, however, they are some-
what smaller.
POLYPHRADES MARMORATUS, Nl. Sp.
Black, antenne and tarsi more or less reddish. Densely
clothed with whitish or greyish scales, mottled with pale-
brown; muzzle and under-surface usually with a golden, or
silvery, or green lustre, or a rosy flush. Setz depressed and
fairly numerous, but not very distinct.
Head wide, rather convex; with small, dense, concealed
punctures. Rostrum very short, narrowed. to apex, with a
vaguely traceable median line, without a transverse basal
impression. Antennz moderately stout; scape shorter than
funicle; first joint of funicle slightly longer than second and
third combined. /Prothorax strongly transverse, sides strongly
rounded, base and apex of equal width; with small or
moderate, normally concealed punctures, and _ without
granules. Hlytra subovate, base the width of base of pro-
thorax, widest at about basal third; with rows of normally
almost, or quite, concealed punctures. Legs short; front
tibie lightly, the middle pair feebly denticulate. Length,
3-34 mm.
Hab.—South Australia: Murray Bridge (A. M. Lea).
Type, I. 3212. |
316
Smaller than inconspicwus, letus, and parvus, and pro-
thorax. considerably wider in proportion, and with very
different punctures. On abrasion the prothorax of each of
those species is seen to be. densely granulate-punctate ; whilst
that of the present species is covered with dense punctures, of
small but not uniform size, and without a trace of granules.
Pusillus and perplexus have the prothorax smaller in propor-
tion, but with coarser punctures. A still smaller (but un-
described) species occurs in Tasmania. The derm is some-
times of a. dingy-red. The clothing appears to be easily
abraded, but even on specimen in perfect condition the mark-
ings are seldom sharply defined. The male differs from the
female in having the prothorax wider. and. with more strongly
rounded sides; but a long series of specimens indicates that
it is not always easy to identify the sexes with certainty.
ESSOLITHNA MEDIOFUSCA, Ni. sp.
Black. Densely clothed with dingy, fawn-coloured
scales, in places stained with sooty patches or stripes, and in
places with paler spots; muzzle, under-surface, and legs with
greyish or whitish scales. In addition with numerous stout,
depressed sete. |
Head wide with dense, concealed punctures; with a
narrow median line continued to apical triangle on rostrum.
Rostrum short, sides above scrobes slightly sinuous. Antenne
stout; scape short, thickened at apex, and somewhat curved ;
first joint of funicle almost as long as the two following com-
bined. Prothorax moderately transverse, sides evenly
rounded; densely covered with small, rounded granules,
except at apex. JHlytra subcordate-ovate, widest about
middle; with regular rows of large, round punctures, appear-
ing very small through clothing. Legs short and_ stout.
Length, 5-6 mm. —
Hab.—Northern Territory : Alexandria (W. Stalker).
Type in British Museum.
In general appearance fairly close to echimys, but scape
much heres. and elytral setz but feebly elevated above the
scales, . instead of appearing as rather long erect hairs.
Seriata and rhambus have the scape similar, but clothing very
different. On the elytra there are numerous feeble pale spots
in. the striz, the spaces between the spots being darker than
elsewhere; some specimens in consequence appear to have
alternating sooty and fawn-coloured stripes. On the pro-
thorax there is usually a large’ subtriangular median sooty
blotch, but in the middle of the blotch there is a longitudinal
pale vitta; the sides are also sometimes feebly infuscated.
317
But the markings are. usually feeble and (on the fourteen
specimens taken by Mr. Stalker) never sharply defined.
ESSOLITHNA PUNCTICOLLIS, n. sp.
Black. Densely clothed with slaty-grey scales, with ©
numerous snowy-white ones scattered about, and on each
elytron condensed to form a conspicuous spot on the middle
of the seventh interstice. In addition with numerous larger
scales (or very stout sete) resting upon the surface.
Head wide; with dense concealed punctures; front with
a narrow median line, continued to middle of rostrum.
Rostrum about as long as wide, sides between scrobes some-
what rounded in front, but almost parallel to between eyes.
Scape short and unusually stout; first joint of funicle as long
as three following combined. Prothorar moderately trans-
verse, sides evenly rounded; with dense and rather coarse,
partially concealed punctures. Hlytra subcordate, widest at
about basal third; with rows of large, partially concealed
punctures. Legs shert and stout. Length, 7-10 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia: Lake Austin (Blackburn’s
collection), Lennonville, Mullewa (Miss J. F. May). Type,
T. 3215.
The largest known species of the genus. Its nearest ally
appears to be cordipennis, which is a much smaller. species,
with very different antenne. The clothing is somewhat vari-
able, but the conspicuous white spot, on the seventh interstice
on each elytron, is alike on six specimens. On the sides of
the head and on parts of the under-surface and legs the white
scales are also fairly dense, but elsewhere they are scattered
singly. The prothorax, to the naked eye, appears to have
three infuscate lines, but these are really due to absence of
white scales. On abrasion the head and rostrum are seen to
be densely covered with subconfluent punctures, the median
line common to both is continued as a ridge from the middle
of the rostrum to the apical triangle, the space on each side
of the ridge being depressed. On abrasion also the prothorax
is seen to be entirely without granules, a most unusual feature
in the genus; but the tarsi, each terminated by a single claw,
are conclusive that the species should not be referred to
Polyphrades. The elytral punctures are usually about the
width of the interstices, in some places slightly less, in others
slightly more; before abrasion, however, they appear to be
much smaller, and in fairly deep strie. The interstices are
densely covered with small, normally quite concealed
punctures.
318
SUBFAMILY MOLYTIDES.
APHELA PHALERIOIDES, Pasc.
This species was doubtfully recorded as from Queensland.
Some specimens from Adelaide (Macleay Museum) and Cape
Leeuwin and Roebuck Bay (British Museum) agree with the
description and differ from helopoides, as phalerioides is stated
todo. They also differ from that species in having the elytral
punctures not perfectly regular on some of the interstices,
especially on the third and seventh. Both sexes have the
front tibie produced at the outer apex, but in addition the
male has the basal-joint of each of the front tarsi strongly
produced externally.
SUBFAMILY GONIPTERIDES.
OxyvoPS HYPEROIDES, Pasc. (Gonipterus).
O. simplex, Lea.
There is a specimen in the collection of the late Rev. T.
Blackburn labelled as Gonipterus hyperoides, and I think
correctly so. The species, however, is not a Gonipterus, but
an Oxyops, and has been redescribed by me under the name
of O. simplex.
OxyYoPs PALLIDA, Lea.
f There. are eleven specimens in the British Museum that
probably belong to this species. They are fom Alexandria
(Northern Territory) and marked as having been taken on
young shoots of the ‘‘Desert Box.’ They all have a sprink-
ling of ochreous mea! that on the prothorax causes an appear-
ance as of three moderately distinct lines, and many of the
elytral punctures are filled with the meal.(@”) The elytra also
have numerous vague spots (distinct to the naked eye) caused
_ by the compacting together of a few large scales behind some
of the seriate punctures.(8) The specimens, with one excep-
tion, are slightly larger than the type, and two of them are
of a rather dark-brown.
Oxyors opscurRa, Blackb. (formerly Iedicasta).
O. minuscula, Lea.
The type of Mfedicasta obscura is in the Museum, and it
is certainly an Oxyops, and also the species subsequently
named by myself as O. minuscula. Mr. Blackburn appeared
to ) Lees some slight doubts as to its correct sede position,
(27) The meal would be lost in alcohol, and the type was
probably sent in that preservative to Mr. French.
(28) Of these spots there is not a trace on the type.
319
and he appears to have overlooked it when referring another
species to J/edicasta.
PANTOREITES ARCTATUS, Pasc. (formerly Oxryops).
P. brevirostris, Lea.
Mr. Arrow has kindly sent a co-type of Oxyops arctatus,
Pasc. It is quite obviously a Pantorectes,(°) and is the species
I subsequently named P. brevirostris. In addition to being
referred to a wrong genus, the original description is grossly
misleading.
PANTOREITES TRIVIRGATUS, D. sp.
Dark reddish-brown, in places almost black. Head and
rostrum, and under-surface and legs, and three lines on
prothorax and on elytra with dense snowy-white scales; the
interspaces on prothorax and elytra with thinner, and more
or less stramineous scales or sete.
. Rostrum moderately long, about twice as long as wide,
shghtly wider near apex than elsewhere. Prothorax moder-
ately transverse, sides parallel on basal half and then rounded
to apex; with dense, large punctures. F/ytra elongate-
‘subcordate, distinctly wider than prothorax, sides decreasing in
width from shoulders to apex; with rows of large, almost or
quite concealed punctures; interstices with normally concealed
punctures and minute granules. Tihiew denticulate. Length,
5-6 mm.
Hab.—Western Austraha: Southern Cross (H. W.
Brown). Type, I. 2722.
At a glance somewhat like longirostris, but rostrum much
shorter and stouter, and elytra with a conspicuous white vitta
along suture from base to apex. From micans and ftriline-
albus, which also have a sutural vitta, it differs in the rostrum
being considerably longer, elytra with the space between the
‘suture and the vitta near each side, with four distinct inter-
stices clothed with sete instead of scales, and the sublateral
vitta confined to one interstice, or at most two, on each
elytron. Vittatus has five white lines on each elytron. The
five typical specimens appear to have been originally covered
with a greasy meal, which has caked in places.
SYARBIS PULCHELLUS, n. sp.
Reddish, in parts flavous; base of elytra and four large,
round, postmedian spots dark-brown, parts of under-surface
infuscate; with white or whitish scales, irregularly dis-
tributed, but forming a distinct median line on prothorax,
(29) A genus proposed by Pascoe himself, in the same paper
(Journ. Linn. Soc., 1869, p. 462), as that containing the descrip-
tion (p. 482) of arctatus.
320
and a less distinct transverse one, dense on the scutellum,
and margining each of the postmedian spots.
Head strongly constricted behind eyes, and strongly
impressed between same. Prothorax almost as long as the
width at base, regularly decreasing in width from base to
apex ; with large punctures, each containing a scale. Hlytra
much wider than prothorax, with regular rows of large,
round, deep punctures, fourth interstice with an elongated
tubercle near base, and a tubercle on each shoulder. JTvhie
each with three or four strong black teeth. Length, 5-54 mm.
Hab.—-Western Australia: Ankertell, Cue (H. W.-
Brown), piven 2721.
A beautiful and very distinct species. The four large,
eye-like spots on the elytra are in a transverse series.
SYARBUS EUCALYPTI, 0. sp.
Of a rather pale reddish-castaneous. With numerous
erect fascicles of stramineous or rusty scales, the interspaces
with numerous erect scales; under-surface with paler scales.
Head strongly constricted behind eyes, and strongly
impressed between same. LEyes reniform. Prothorax moder-
ately transverse, base much wider than apex; with dense,
round, and rather large, partially concealed punctures.
Elytra considerably wider than prothorax; with regular rows
of large, round, deep punctures, subtuberculate beneath
many of the fascicles. Jvb7e each with a strong apical tooth
and some smaller ones. Length, 54-6 mm.
Hab.—Northern Territory: Alexandria. Type in British
Museum.
Allied to fasciculatissemus, but with many more fascicles
on prothorax and elytra. On that species the elytral fascicles
are fairly large, with the interspaces glabrous or at most
sparsely clothed. On the present species there are numerous
small fascicles between the larger ones, both on the prothorax
and elytra, and the interspaces are clothed with rather
numerous erect setz. Over all there is a brick-coloured dust,
which, however, is easily removed by water or alcohol. The
fourth interstice on each elytron about the middle has an
elongated black spot, but it is normally almost or quite con-
cealed. The five typical specimens were all labelled as having
been taken on young shoots of Desert Box by W. Stalker.
SUBFAMILY ATERPIDES.
CYLLORHAMPHUS. ,
This genus was originally referred to the Cryptorhyn-
chides. I previously questioned its right to a position there ;
‘
321
and the examination of two additional species of the genus
now leaves no doubt in my mind but that it is close to
Asiotes, and consequently that it should be referred to the
Aterpides.
Third interstice on each elytron (excluding
apex) with two tubercles or ridges ... tuberosus
Third interstice with more than two.
Glabrous along middle of under-surface mimicus
Nonw@labrous there. ... ... 2.0)... angustus
CYLLORHAMPHUS ANGUSTUS, Nl. sp.
Black, antenne and tarsi reddish. Densely clothed with
rusty-brown, or chocolate-brown scales, becoming paler on
portion of under-surface.
Head with minute, concealed punctures; with a shallow
inter-ccular fovea. Rostrum rather stout, subgibbous at
base; basal two-fifths with concealed punctures, elsewhere
polished and with rather small but sharply defined ones.
First joint of funicle as long as three following combined,
second as long as two following combined. Prothoraz slightly
longer than wide, sides somewhat rounded, apical third with
two strong parallel ridges, basal two-thirds with many
smaller, vermiculate ridges. Scutellwm apparently sub-
oblong. Hlytra long and narrow, about one-third wider than
prothorax; with rows of large, round punctures, appearing
much smaller through clothing; third interstice with a dis-
tinct tubercle near base, an elongated ridge about middle, and
a small tubercle behind same; fifth with three small tubercles
and a ridge conspicuously terminated at summit of posterior
declivity; seventh with one or two small tubercles and a
moderate ridge. Prosternum deeply notched in front, grooved
almost to hindmargin, where there is a fairly large, semi-
double fascicle. Metasternum elongate, with a distinct sub-
apical fovea. /emora stout; four front tibiz with fine, con-
cealed serrations on the lower-surface. Length, 7-9 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns district (A. M. Lea). Type,
bs 2723.
Readily distinguished from the other species by the long
median ridge on the third interstice on each elytron.
Although most of the scales are entirely without lustre, those
on the suture frequently have a distinctly golden gloss; but
frequently the suture is partly abraded. The patch of paler
scales on the under-surface extends from the front of the
metasternum to the apex of the first abdominal segment
along the middle. On the elevated parts the scales are often
subsetose in character, and cause an appearance as of fascicles.
When the head has been abraded its punctures are seen to
L
322
be very small, and are normally quite concealed. The sexual
distinctions are very slight, the only one that I can detect
being a slight difference in the convexity of abdomen.
Eighteen specimens (two taken in cop) were beaten from a
small tree, with large, serrated, banksia-like leaves at
Malanda.
CYLLORHAMPHUS MIMICUS, Ni. sp.
Black, antenne and tarsi of a dingy-red. Densely
clothed with rusty-brown scales, becoming paler on scutellum
and on a space (sometimes subtriangular in shape) on the
middle of the side of each elytron.
Head with dense, partially-concealed punctures of
moderate size. Rostrum short and stout, subgibbous at base;
basal three-fifths with partially concealed punctures, a ridge
on each side and a less distinct one in middle; elsewhere
glabrous or almost so, and with distinct punctures. Antenne
stout; first joint of funicle as long as second and third com-
bined, second as long as third and fourth combined.
Prothoraz about as long as wide, apical third with two
obtuse median ridges, elsewhere with many more or less
obtuse tubercles; with dense concealed punctures. Elytra
not very wide, subparallel-sided to beyond the middle; with
rows of large, partially or entirely concealed punctures; third
interstice with two tubercles about middle, and a semi-double
one or ridge near base; fifth with three tubercles, and a short
but distinct ridge, terminating at summit of posterior
declivity ; seventh with two or three obtuse tubercles; eighth
with a feeble subapical ridge. Prosternum rather deeply
notched in front, and widely depressed to front cox, with
a narrower groove from same almost to hindmargin. Meta-
sternum with a large apical fovea. Legs short; femora stout ;
four front tibie with small partially concealed serrations.
Length, 5-74 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns district (A. M. Lea); New
South Wales: Dorrigo (W. Heron). Type, I. 2724.
As in the preceding species the tubercular parts some-
times appear as fascicles; but it is readily distinguished from
that species by its rostrum, elytra, and under-surface. At
first glance it has quite a striking resemblance to Orthorrhinus
klugu. There is a more or less glabrous space along the whole
of the under-surface, and the scales at the sides frequently
have a golden, or even a purplish lustre. From some direc-
tions the apex of the elytra appears to be terminated by four
small tubercles. On one specimen there appear to be but
two tubercles on the third interstice, the second and third
being narrowly conjoined so as to appear semi-double. Except
323
for a slight degree in convexity of abdomen, I can find no
sexual differences in the six typical specimens.
_A small (5 mm.) specimen from the Blue Mountains (H.
J. Carter) probably belongs to this species, but seems to be
somewhat narrower, with dingier clothing and larger elytral
tubercles.
ZEPHRYNE and allied Genera.
There is a small and interesting cluster of genera, allied
to Zephryne, whose species usually have tubercles or processes
close to the eyes or at the base of the rostrum. The eyes
themselves are laterally prominent, but usually concealed
from above. They are all densely clothed, and as they live
on or near the ground, and frequently under logs and stones,
their clothing is frequently obscured by dried mud. They
have been variously referred to several subfamilies, but as
they certainly belong to but one, it seems now desirable to
refer them all to the Atergdes.
Zephryne. Referred to the Rhyparosomides.
Ophryota. Also referred to that subfamily.
Myarda. Referred to the Atergides.
Aparete. Also referred to that subfamily; in Masters’
Catalogue placed in error in the Leptopsides, as well as in the
Ateryides.
Ethemaia. Not categorically referred to any subfamily,
but by implication to the Gonpterides. Later it, with
A parete and Medicasta, were included in a table of A terpides.
In Masters’ Catalogue it was referred to the Leptopsides.
Hypheria. Distinguished only from Hthemaia by the
tarsi; its position not otherwise indicated. I regard it as a
true synonym of Zephryne.
Medicasta. When described Pascoe said that (with
Ethemaa and Methypora “)) it belonged to a new subfamily
near the A terpides. ;
The previously described species of the group are :—
APARETE PALPEBROSA, Pasc.
ETHEMAIA ADUSTA, Pasc.; ANGUSTICOLLIS, Pasc.; API-
CALIS, Lea; cURTULA, Pasc.; EMARGINATA, Lea; FUNEREA,
Lea; GRIFFITHI, Lea; SELLATA, Pasc. ; vAGANS, Lea.
Meprcasta (31) LEPTOPSOIDES, Lea; LEUCURA, Pasc. ;
LUGUBRIS, Blackb.
MYARDA FERRUGATA, Pasc.
OpuHRyota noposa, Blackb. (A parete); RAPAx, Blackb. ;
SQUAMIBUNDA, Pasc.
(50) Now placed with Molytides.
(31) M. obscura, Blackb., is an Ozyops.
L2
324
ZEPHRYNE ASSIMILIS, Pasc. (Hypheria); BELTANENSIS,
Blackb. (Hypheria); GeomeTRica, Lea (Hypheria); PaRa-
LELA, Blackb. (Hypheria); pERSoNATA, Lea; SORDIDA, Pasc. ;
VARIABILIS, Blackb. (Hypheria).
Including a new one the genera known to me 2) may be
thus tabulated :—
With infra-ocular lobes.
Seventh joint of funicle subadnate to
clubycay i OPHRYOTA
Seventh joint ‘distinctly separated from
Glee. alo vlna leet fue Ua we AAR! PETER NANTES
Without infra-ocular lobes. ;
Claws not widely separated at apex ... PLATYPTEROCIS
Claws widely separated at apex.
Seventh joint of funicle subadnate to
aclu ct pigeiseieise iy CA BARREL E:
Seventh joint. distinctly “sep arated
perom lel 9.4 hed) et) ee SA RATA
ZEPHRYNE (1869).
Hypheria (1883).
Myarada (1883) (?)
The difficulty of dealing with many of the genera pro-
posed by Mr. Pascoe, unless the typical species of such genera
are actually known, has been rather frequently commented
upon. I have just been enabled to identify the typical species
of Zephryne (sordida),) and find that it is quite evidently
congeneric with the typical species of Hypheria (assimilis ).()
The tarsi of the former were described as having the third
joint “‘vix lobato’’; that of the latter as ‘‘integro.’’ In each,
however, the third, although not wider than the second, is
slightly bilobed. In Hthemaa the third is usually distinctly
wider than the second and more deeply bilobed.
Z. sordida has a distinct subtubercular lobe below each
eye, although it was not mentioned in the original descrip-
tion. In A. assimilis, however, such a lobe was mentioned.
Hypheria was briefly compared with Hthemaia, and even
referred to a different subfamily to that of Zephryne. The
essential features of the genus are:—Head wide, flat or
(32) As I am unacquainted with the typical species of Medicasta
and Myarda, these genera were not included in the table. There
is at least another genus belonging to the group, characterized by
a short broad subtriangular rostrum: and very prominent eyes;
but its only represen aiave before me is badly abraded and very
dirty.
(33) Specimens in the Museum are from Lyndoch and Monaruer
(34) This species is widely distributed in Australia, but there
are some Gayndah specimens (practically co-types as they were
received from the Australian Museum, Sydney) before me.
325
depressed between eyes, crested close to eyes on upper-surface, .
and lobed ‘55) just below them. Third tarsal-joint not wider
than second, and rather feebly bilobed. The other characters
are mostly common to the group.
Without knowing the typical species of J/yarda it should,
perhaps, be left untouched. I think it extremely probable,
however, that it will eventually be merged in Zephryne. The
sculpture of the head,5°) rostrum, elytra, and tarsi all point
strongly in that direction.
HTHEMAIA. :
The typical species of this genus is certainly sellata, but
at the time it was described Pascoe referred to it a second
species (adusta), 11 which the base of the rostrum was not
strongly bilobed. The essential features of the genus amongst
its close allies are: Head without a crest immediately above
each eye (although sometimes with one on each side of the
base of rostrum), and without infra-ocular lobes. Eyes rather
large, convex, and distinct from above. Third tarsal-joint
deeply bilobed, and usually wider than second.‘
ETHEMAIA GRIFFITHI, Lea.
Some specimens from the Clarence River and Gosford ‘58)
differ from the type in having the clothing of a dingy
brownish-grey or muddy-brown.
ETHEMAIA ADUSTA, Pasc.
An extremely variable species that occurs on a small,
thick-leaved, prostrate plant at Lucindale ©) is probably
adusta. It has the rostrum apparently with five ridges, but
there are really six, the two median ones, however, are so
close together that a very slight displacement of the clothing
or a small amount of dirt causes them to look like one; the
two outer ones are also often feeble, so that the rostrum
appears on various specimens to have three, four, five, or six
coste. The elytra of the type were described as having
“Gnterstitiis alternis modice elevatis, declivitate singulorum
(35) The ocular lobes, however, are sometimes very feeble, but
the lower-surface of the eye on such species is oblique, not circular
in section.
(36) In particular the supra-ocular crests, and infra-ocular
lobes, the latter mentioned in the specific description, ‘‘Eyes .
in contact with a rounded ledge below.”’
(37)In #. apicalis the third is the width of the second.
(38) It is now first recorded from the mainland.
(39) It is so abundant there, that on the smoke of a reed-fire
being driven across certain flats, the very ground appears to be
moving.
326
quinque callosis, dorso griseo, lateribus fuscis.’’ On the
Lucindale specimens the alternate interstices are not elevated
in the usual way, but at irregular intervals are supplied with
feeble tubercular elevations, becoming larger about the pos-
terior declivity."40 The clothing is very variable; it is some-
times almost entirely greyish, vaguely mottled with brown,
and fairly commonly is darker at the sides of the elytra than
elsewhere (as on the type). Sometimes it is almost entirely
sooty, but very dark specimens frequently have a wide pale
fascia (dilated at the sides) crowning the posterior declivity ;
sometimes the elytra have a jagged irregular black blotch
on the basal half, and a large dark spot on each side; and
sometimes each elytron has a fairly large, isolated white
spot on each side near the base. The scutellum is frequently
white. The supra-ocular ciliation mentioned in the original
description is not supported by tubercles, and a slight amount
of abrasion causes it to disappear.
ETHEMAIA MIRABILIS, Nl. sp.
Densely clothed with pale, more or less stramineous
scales, almost uniform on under-surface, but conspicuously
variegated with subochreous and slaty-brown on upper-surface
and legs. In addition with numerous stout, erect, sub-
spathulate scales, longer on elytra (where they are in places:
compacted into loose fascicles), and shorter on prothorax than
elsewhere ; under-surface and legs with numerous, moderately
long sete.
Head depressed between eyes. Rostrum slightly longer
than wide, with an obtuse ridge towards each side, term-
inating at base in a conspicuous tubercle. Antenne rather
short and thin; basal-joint of funicle as long as two following
combined. Prothorax slightly longer than wide, sides feebly
rounded; punctures vaguely indicated through clothing.
Elytra suboblong, considerably wider than prothorax; punc-
tures in striae almost or quite concealed; apparently with
feeble tubercles, supporting fascicles, about summit of pos-
terior declivity. Legs moderately long; third tarsal-joint
somewhat wider than second, and deeply bilobed. Length,
74 mm.
Hab.—Australia. Type, I. 3355. 3
This is the only species I have seen that could confidently
be identified as absolutely congeneric with H. sellata; from
that species it differs in having the upper-surface much more
densely clothed, with considerably longer and frequently
(40)On the third interstice there are from four to six, and on
the fifth from two to four.
327
erect and rather stout scales. On close examination many of
these appear to be truncated at the tip, with the tip itself
almost brush-like in character, or as if the scales had been
split downwards. JI do not remember similar scales on any
other weevil. The derm is everywhere entirely concealed,
and as the type is unique and in perfect condition, it has not
been abraded. The palpi are quite distinct, but they may
have been accidentally forced out. The type was labelled
“‘Null’’ (4) and was from the collection of the late Rev. T.
Blackburn.
ETHEMAIA ALTERNATA, Nl. Sp.
Black, appendages obscurely diluted with red. Densely
clothed with sooty-brown scales, variegated with grey; under-
surface mostly with greyish scales. In addition with sub-
erect stout sete or thin scales, more conspicuous on elevated
parts of elytra than elsewhere.
Head rather feebly depressed between eyes. These round
and rather prominent. Rostrum about one-third longer than
wide, sides but feebly dilated to base, with feeble longitudinal
ridges. Antenne rather short and thin. VProthorax about as
long as wide, sides feebly rounded; with rather large punc-
tures indicated through clothing. /lytra considerably wider
than prothorax, parallel-sided except at base and apex; with
regular rows of large, partially concealed punctures; suture,
third, fifth, and seventh interstices conspicuously elevated,
the third and fifth each with a tubercle crowning the posterior
‘declivity. Length, 5 mm.
Hab.—South Australia: Lucindale (A. M. Lea).
The complete absence of supra-ocular crests and infra-
ocular lobes exclude the species from Zephryne, but the third
tarsal-joint is very little wider than the second, and but
moderately bilobed, so that it is also aberrant for Hihemaia.
The sculpture of the prothorax and elytra are somewhat as
in Z. parallela, but the head is very different. On the
rostrum the clothing greatly obscures the sculpture, but there
appear to be four ridges, of which the median ones are
stronger than the others; but from some directions there
appear to be but two, and those but feebly elevated. The
strongly elevated alternate interstices, with the fifth having
a single tubercle, should prevent the species from being ccn-
fused with most species of the allied genera. On the type the
scales on the head are mostly greyish, on the prothorax the
surface is covered with alternating stripes of brown and grey,
on the elytra the scales on the sides and apical third are
mostly greyish.
(41) Probably an abbreviation for Nullabor Plains.
328
APARETE PALPEBROSA, Pasc.
The postmedian fascia on the elytra of this species is
seldom distinct, and the colours of the scales generally are
more or less variable.
APARETE LONGIPES, Nl. Sp.
Black or of a dingy-brown; legs and antennz obscurely
reddish. Densely clothed with white or whitish scales, rather
thickly interspersed with stout, semi-erect scales and a few
sete.
Head with dense, concealed punctures ; depressed between
eyes, but at the sides of each of these with a strongly-elevated
and rounded crest. Rostrum rather wide, with an obtuse
semi-double ridge along middle, and a transverse naked ridge
at apex. Antenne short but rather thin; first joint of
funicle almost as long as second and third combined, and
second as third and fourth combined. Prothorar about as
long as wide, sides gently rounded, base and apex subequal,
with a vague median depression, which is somewhat dilated
near base and again near apex; with very dense and normally
quite concealed punctures. Hlytra oblong-ovate, considerably
wider than prothorax, shoulders armed; with rows of large,
almost concealed punctures, the interstices with punctures as
on prothorax; each elytron with three triangularly - placed
tubercles on posterior declivity, one (the largest) on third
interstice, the others on fifth. JLegs rather long and thin.
Length, 8-10 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia: Cue (H. W. Brown). Type,
I. 3348.
In some respects fairly close to palpebrosa, but the
supra-ocular crests much larger and more conspicuous; on
that species the supporting tubercles of the crests are very
feeble, the conspicuous appearance of the crests being due to
scales, and when these have been abraded the crests almost
disappear. On the present species the crests are very
conspicuous even when completely abraded. The elytra also
are different. The clothing is so dense that the surface,
except for the claws and muzzle, 1s everywhere concealed.
On the elytra some of the suberect scales are compacted into
loose fascicles. On abraded specimens the prothorax is seen
to be slightly longer than wide, on specimens in perfect
condition it appears to be feebly transverse. On abrasion
also the under-surface is seen to be densely transversely
strigose, with punctures of moderate size scattered about.
There are only four distinct tubercles on each elytron (cne on
the shoulder, the others posteriorly), but obtuse remnants of
329
others become visible on abrasion. The male differs from the
female in being thinner, with somewhat longer legs and
antennz, and basal segment of abdomen flattened in middle,
instead of moderately convex.
APARETE HYSTRICOSA, Nh. Sp.
Black; parts of appendages obscurely reddish. Densely
clothed with more or less slaty-grey scales, more or less con-
spicuously variegated on the upper- -surface, but becoming
paler and almost uniform on the lower. In addition with
numerous stiff erect bristles; mostly black on the upper-
surface, mostly pale on the under-surface and legs.
Head with dense concealed punctures; widely depressed
between and behind eyes; at the side of each of these with a
strongly elevated, subconical crest or tubercle. Rostrum with
somewhat sinuous sides, narrowly impressed along middle, and
obtusely ridged on each side of same; across apex with a
transverse semi-naked ridge. Apex of scrobes conspicuous
from above. Antenne short; first joint of funicle very little
longer than second. Rnaiionen about as long as wide, sides
gently rounded, base slightly wider than apex, with a rather
conspicuous and wide median groove; with coarse punctures
readily traceable through clothing. Slytra oblong-ovate,
much wider than prothorax, shoulders obtusely armed; with
rows of large, partially concealed punctures; third interstice
with two subconical tubercles, one at, the other before,
summit of posterior declivity; fifth with two, one at, the
other below, summit of declivity, and with traces of others.
Legs moderately stout. Length, 71-8 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia: Cue (H. W. Brown). Type,
I. 3349.
Readily distinguished from the preceding species and from
palpebrosa by the numerous long erect and usually blackish
bristles scattered cover the rostrum, prothorax, and elytra.
On well-preserved specimens of these species there are fairly
numerous stout scales rising above the plating scales, but they
are true (and usually spathulate) scales, which the bristles on
the present species most certainly are not. The supra-ocular
crests are about the size, but not quite the same shape, and
the legs are decidedly shorter than those of the preceding
species. On the base and apex of prothorax, on the base of
the elytra, and on many of the interstices (including the
suture) there are patches or short stripes of scales, varying
from ochreous to (in some lights) a glittering golden- -red ;
on the elytra also these patches are usually accentuated by
sooty ones. On the scutellum, and on most of the head
330
and rostrum, the scales are white. The elytral markings are
suggestive of those of Ophryota sguamibunda. On abrasion
the under-surface is seen to be densely covered with small
punctures, with considerably larger ones (partially visible
beforehand) scattered about.
; OPHRYOTA SQUAMIBUNDA, Pasc.
Although not mentioned in the original description, there
is a subtubercular lobe beneath each eye of this species, and
this appears to be a permanent generic feature. Of the
numerous specimens before me, some of which agree well with
the described markings of the type, some bear the late Rev.
T. Blackburn’s name label, and others were received with the
name from the late G. Masters (from whom the type was
received). The markings, however, are often traceable with
difficulty, and are sometimes altogether absent.
Several specimens with the typical markings agree per-
fectly in all details with the described form, except that they
have a small but distinct tubercle on each shoulder; the
resemblance in all other details is so exact that they probably
represent the other sex.
OpHRyota Noposa, Blackb. (formerly A parete).
In describing A parete nodosa, Blackburn was evidently
somewhat dubious as to its genus. The type is now before
me, and it has a distinct subtubercular lobe beneath each
eye, as on Ophryota squamibunda, and it certainly is con-
generic with that species. Its head and rostrum are identical
with those of sqguamibunda. The only structural differences
I can find between it and specimens of squamibunda with
tuberculate shoulders are on the interstices; the third on each
elytron having two distinct tubercles, and the fifth having
three, in each case the second of these being the larger, and
crowning the posterior declivity; the one before it, although
smaller, is quite distinct and fairly acute; whereas on squami-
bunda there is but a slight swelling at its position.
Two specimens from Alice Springs appear to belong to
the species, and are in better condition and slightly larger
than the type; they have markings somewhat as on squwamr-
bunda. The scales generally are of a dingy-white or
stramineous; the darker ones being of a rusty colour, in places
becoming sooty. Two other specimens from the Darling
River and Sea Lake also appear to belong to the species, but
are rather smaller. All these specimens vary somewhat in the
markings and in the stout erect scales, but these appear to be
easily abraded. ;
331
OPHRYOTA RAPAX, Blackb.
This species is readily distinguished from the others of
the genus by a conspicuous stout spine on the spur at the apex
of the front tibice (42); the other tibiz are also spurred, but
much less conspicuously so. There is a distinct tubercular
lobe beneath each eye. Specimens are in the Museum from
Central Australia (marked as a co-type), Lake Callabonna,
and the Elder Expedition.)
MEDICASTA.
The typical species of this genus is at present unknown to
Australian workers. In the original description the third
tarsal-joint was said to be “‘vix lobato,’’ but in a figure (pl.
xviil., fig. lle) it is shown as rather deeply bilobed, and wider
than the second. In a table given subsequently ‘44 it was
distinguished from ELthemaa by “‘tarsi linear.”
The late Rev. T. Blackburn referred two species to it.
Of the first (4) he was somewhat doubtful, and _ before
describing the second species he commented on the possibility
of its being really a Hypheria.) J have myself referred one
species to the genus, but am now dubious to its having been
correctly placed there; there are before me several other
species that are congeneric with it, but till the doubts con-
cerning the typical species are cleared up, it appears better
to leave these undescribed.
PLATYPTEROCIS, n. g.
Head short, armed between eyes. Eyes lateral, almost
round, moderately faceted. Rostrum short and stout. Scrobes
deep, terminated some distance in front of eyes. Antenne
short and stout; funicle with all the joints, except the first,
strongly transverse, seventh subadnate to club, the latter
scarcely as long as the two preceding joints combined.
Prothorax transverse, ocular lobes very feeble or absent.
Secutellum absent. Hlytra wide, subcordate. Jletasternirm
(42) This spur is sometimes bifid at the apex, but frequently
simple.
(43) One of the latter is marked as a co-type of Aparete nodosa,
and its resemblance to the type of that species is extraordinary,
but the spurred tibize are at once distinctive.
(44) Journ. Linn. Soc., 1871, p. 168.
(45)The type of this species, lugubris, is in the South <Aus-
tralian Museum; it is an Oxyops.
(46) The description of this species, obscura, reads much like
that of one quite closely allied to H. assimilis, nor am I at all
eertain but that it was founded upon a specimen of that some-
what variable and widely distributed species.
332
short. Abdomen wide at base, strongly narrowed posteriorly,
two basal segments large. Legs short and stout; front coxe
touching, middle hghtly, hind ones widely, separated, femora
edentate; tibiz obtusely spurred at apex, tip fringed with
short sete; tarsi padded on lower-surface, third joint deeply
bilobed but not much wider than second, claws feebly
separated. Apterous.
A highly remarkable genus of doubtful position; but on
account of the inter-ocular crests and seventh joint of funicle
subadnate to club may be placed near Ophryota. The head
bears a certain resemblance to some genera of the Huomides,
but the funicle is seven-jointed,(*”) and the mouth-parts and
tarsi are different. From the Leptopsides, to which it pos-
sibly should have been referred, the almost complete absence
of ocular lobes may perhaps be distinctive, the sides of the
prothorax are very faintly sinuous, but I do not think that
ocular lobes could fairly be regarded as being present. The
subapproximate claws would appear to denote-an approach
to Polyphrades, but no species of that genus has a crested
head. Messrs. Feuerheerdt Bros. and F. Secker have taken
a fair number of specimens under fallen eucalyptus leaves.
PLATYPTEROCIS PARADOXUS, Nn. sp.
Black. Densely clothed with light-brown scales, more or
less conspicuously variegated with whitish and sooty patches.
Head with derm entirely concealed; with a strong conical
tubercle close to each eye. Rostrum short, dilated, and
deepened to near apex, narrowly impressed along middle,
obtusely transversely crested between antennz, thence ver-
tical to mandibles. Scape stout, increasing in width to apex,
almost as long as funicle. Prothorax moderately transverse,
sides strongly rounded, and widest slightly nearer apex than
base; surface with partially concealed granules and vermicu-
late elevations. Wlytra conjointly arcuate (except for slight
interruptions by the interstices) at base, sides rather strongly
rounded to beyond the middle, and then arcuate to apex;
with irregular rows of partially concealed punctures; inter-
stices uneven, and in places with obtuse mere or less concealed
eranules.
Hab.—South Australa: Lucindale (Feuerheerdt Bros.
and F. Secker). Type, I. 3362.
The markings are not exactly alike on any two specimens
in the Museum, but on the elytra there are rather large
and more or less round spots of whitish scales (usually with
(47) The funicle might almost, however, be regarded as six-
jointed, as the seventh is very indistinctly separated from the club.
333
a vague bluish tinge) becoming condensed into an irregular
fascia at summit of posterior declivity; on most of the
declivity the scales are sooty, but there are usually some con-
spicuous white: spots about the suture. The abdomen is
usually vaguely striped, and the legs more or less con-
spicuously ringed. But, as with other terrestrial weevils, the
markings are frequently obscured. There is a slight difference
in the convexity of abdomen between some specimens and
others, but no other differences, lhkely to be sexual, are
apparent.
SUBFAMILY HYLOBIIDES.
ORTHORRHINUS BicoLOoR, Blackb.
Two specimens (marked as co-types) standing under this
name in the collection of the late Rev. T. Blackburn are
simply abraded specimens of one of the numerous varieties of
O. ethiops.
SUBFAMILY ERIRHINIDES.
MISOPHRICE.
Specimens of this genus are probably to be taken in all
parts of Australia where trees or shrubs of the genus
Casuarina (sheoaks and bulloaks) occur. I have never yet
failed to obtain them when looking for same, and am now
able to extend the known range of the genus to Cairns, in
Northern Queensland, and to Kangaroo Island, in South Aus-
tralia. No species as yet has been recorded from Central
and North-western Australia or from the Northern Territory ;
but this is almost certainly due to the fact that they have
not been specially looked for there, as probably of all the
minute plant-eating Australian weevils they are the most
readily overlooked; despite the fact that they frequently
occur in abundance at all times of the year.
The scales vary on several species from brilliantly
metallic-green or golden to an opaque-white or bluish-grey.
The sexes vary in the abdomen and rostrum.
MISOPHRICE GLORIOSA, Lea.
Mr. Griffith has taken, near Adelaide, numerous speci-
mens of the Variety A of this species; but some of these have
the legs distinctly reddish.
Variety C. A specimen, taken near Adelaide by Mr.
Grifith, has the elytra densely clothed with sooty scales,
except for a few dingy whitish ones about base, and some more
about basal third. But on the sides, more especially beyond
the middle, there are some white scales with a coppery gloss.
Most of the scales on the head and prothorax are also sooty.
334
It should perhaps be regarded as an extreme form of the
Variety A.
Variety D. A specimen from Northern Queensland
(Blackburn’s collection) has the scales on the upper-surface
mostly of a silvery-white, with a slight coppery gloss.
Apparently there are no sooty scales present, but the pale
scales are less numerous than on the typical form. At the
summit of the posterior declivity there is a nude space on
each side, causing an appearance as of two distinct black
spots. A specimen on the same card has the elytral spots
much less conspicuous, and the scales on the upper-surface
mostly coppery-green, and on the lower surface greenish-blue.
These specimens have a strong superficial resemblance to
Micraonychus rufimanus of the Cryptorhynchides.
Variety E. Two specimens from Lucindale (South Aus-
tralia) are densely clothed on the body and legs with silvery-
white scales, with a few faintly golden ones scattered about.
There are no sooty scales on the elytra, but portion of the
suture is glabrous.
Variety F. Numerous specimens from Mount Tam-
bourine (Queensland) may be provisionally treated as a
variety. They are unusually small (14-14 mm.), and entirely
without sooty scales. The clothing on the upper-surface
varies from an opaque-blue to coppery-green, or golden, and
is denser on the suture (except about base, which is almost
or quite glabrous) than elsewhere.
MISOPHRICE VICINA, Lea.
This species has recently been taken at Mittagong, in
New South Wales, thus extending its range from Tasmania
to the mainland. A specimen from Sydney also appears to
belong to the species, but has the elytral spots scarcely
traceable.
MISOPHRICE VARIABILIS, Blackb.
This is the most variable species of the genus, specimens
differing in size, colour, and clothing to a remarkable degree.
The male is usually smaller and darker than the female.
Some males have the under-surface entirely dark, and the
elytra dark, with two ill-defined stripes on each side, where
the derm is obscurely diluted with red. The prothorax is
sometimes entirely black in the male, but it is usually more
or less obscurely diluted with red. In the female it is fre-
quently black at the apex only. On each elytron the tip
of the fifth interstice (immediately behind which the fourth
and sixth meet) is always dark, sometimes just perceptibly
darker than the adjacent parts, but frequently the dark part
339
is continued almost to the base and to the sides of the
adjacent interstices. The head is always black, but the
rostrum varies from a rather bright-red to a dark-brown.
The abdomen of the female is entirely pale; in the male it is
sometimes entirely pale, sometimes entirely dark, and some-
times more or less deeply stained with black at the sides.
The clothing of the elytra is of two kinds; pale depressed
stout sete, on the larger specimens having a distinctly spotted
appearance; and short and dark suberect setz, indistinct from
above, but very distinct from the sides. On the other parts
of the body the clothing is white, or silvery-white, sometimes
with a golden gloss. Green scales are apparently always
absent.
The prothorax is comparatively smaller, and the elytra
decidedly larger, than in others of the genus. The elytra are
decidedly wider than the prothorax at the base, and dilate
hindwards (more noticeably in the female than in the male)
till attaining their maximum width at about the apical third,
where the width is about double that of the prothorax in the
female, and almost double in the male.
On Mount Lofty Mr. 8. H. Curnow took numerous speci-
mens that apparently belong to this species, but differ in
being considerably smaller (14-21 mm. as against 24-4 mm.
of normal specimens) and with the elytral markings consist-
ing of a single spot on each side, usually rounded, and never
extending more than one-third of the distance to the base.
_ The elytral clothing is of two kinds, as on the normal forms, but
the pale setae are regularly disposed, instead of forming more
or less distinct spots.
On Kangaroo Island I recently took numerous specimens
very similar to the Mount Lofty ones in size and general
appearance, but with the clothing much sparser, and semi-
erect setz almost absent from the elytra. One specimen from
the island has the sterna entirely pale, but this may be due
to immaturity.
MISOPHRICE MUNDA, Blackb.
A specimnen from Lawson (New South Wales) probably
belongs to this species, but differs from a Western Australian
one ‘*8) under examination in being slightly larger, the scales
on the head and prothorax somewhat golden, instead of green
(a common variation in the genus), and the sides of the elytra
more conspicuously covered with green scales.
(48) This specimen agrees well with the original description ;
the type was unique in the late Rev. T. Blackburn’s collection,
and is now in the British Museum.
336
MISOPHRICE seTULOSA, Blackb.
The Tasmanian specimens, which with some doubt I pre-
viously 49) referred to setulosa, have since been compared with
some co-types of that species, and agree with same.
MISOPHRICE SQUAMIBUNDA, Lea.
The type of this species appears to be a rather small
female. I have recently taken numerous specimens of the
species at Bluff (Queensland) ranging in length from 1? to
3 mm. The species is allied to cristatifrons, but it is more
densely clothed, inter-ocular crest more feeble in the male,
and practically absent from the female. One specimen has
the scales paler than elsewhere on the suture, on the fifth
and seventh interstices about the base, on the second, fourth,
and sixth beyond the middle, and on the third near apex; on
some of the others these markings can be discerned with
difficulty, but the suture is always clothed with whitish scales.
On the under-surface the scales are frequently coppery-green
or bluish. On the prothorax there are some scattered dark
scales.
A female from Aloomba (Queensland, Blackburn’s col-
lection) is unusually small (15 mm.), and the pale scales on
the upper-surface have a shght greenish tinge. Two large
(24-3 mm.) specimens, from Mount Tambourine, have the
majority of the scales on the upper-surface of a pale smoky-
brown, with the pale markings on the elytra very conspicuous.
On the prothorax also there are three pale longitudinal
stripes. On the under-surface and legs most of the scales -
have a pale-greenish eloss.
MISOPHRICE NIGRIPES, Lea.
Numerous specimens from Mount Lofty and Kangaroo
Island appear to belong to this species. The Kangaroo
Island ones agree perfectly with the types, but the others are
somewhat larger, and resemble the Variety B. Numerous
specimens from Mittagong also appear to belong to the same
variety.
Variety C. Numerous specimens, taken by Mr. C. Gib-
bons near Sydney, appear to represent another variety.
Their scales nearly all have a beautiful golden gloss, on a few
merging to golden-green, especially on the legs and under-
surface.
MISOPHRICE PARALLELA, Blackb.
This species was described from a single specimen from
Port Lincoln. . Subsequently I sent numerous specimens from
(49) Trans. Roy. Soc., S.A., 1906, p. 79.
337
Sydney to the late Rev. T. Blackburn that were identified
by him as belonging to the species, and some of these are
still in his collection labelled as parailela. In the description
he says ‘‘squamis pallidis (certu adspectu subcupreis) vestita,
his in elytris seriatim dispositis, in prothorace . . . sat
piliformibus.’’ In his table of the species he says ‘‘elytra
scarcely, if at all, wider than prothorax.’’ The specimens
now standing under the name in his collection, however, have
the elytra slightly but distinctly wider than the prothorax.
I have previously had mixed with parallela, and have
doubtless distributed as such, specimens of a closely-allied
species, now named soror, which differs in having the elytral
clothing of a similar nature to that of the prothorax, instead
of in the form of fairly stout sete.
MISOPHRICE SQUAMIVENTRIS, Lea.
Variety A. Mr. Griffith has taken, near Adelaide,
numerous specimens of this species, but differing from the
typical form in having almost all the scales on the upper-
surface of a brilhant golden colour, sometimes with a rosy
gloss. On the sides of the under-surface and on the legs
many of the scales also are golden, but rather less decidedly
so. The white scales on the elytra on several specimens
appear like a fascia in the middle, with the fascia bifurcating
at the fifth interstice; but generally have a somewhat zig-zag
appearance, as on the type.
Variety B. Two specimens, from Kangaroo Island, have
the scales on the upper-surface mostly of a rather obscure
coppery-green or dull-green, mixed with silvery-white. On
the under-surface most of the scales are of a silvery-blue, but
with here and there a brilliantly golden one.
MISOPHRICE CLATHRATA, Lea.
Numerous specimens of this species have recently been
taken at Adelaide, Mount Lofty, and Port Lincoln. Some
of these have the prothorax obscurely diluted with red.
MISOPHRICE TUBERCULATA, N. Sp.
Dull reddish-brown, antenne and apex of rostrum paler.
Moderately densely but somewhat irregularly clothed with
white or whitish scales.
Rostrum rather long and moderately curved, basal half
with fine ridges and numerous partially concealed punctures ;
elsewhere shining and with a few small punctures in feeble
rows. frothorax almost as long as wide, sides gently
rounded, base somewhat wider than apex; with dense, round
338
punctures. //lytra distinctly wider than prothorax, parallel-
sided to beyond the middle; with rows of fairly large,
partially concealed punctures; fifth interstice with a distinct.
subconical tubercle half-way down the posterior declivity,
the third with a smaller and more depressed one at summit
of same. Legs comparatively long. Length, 33-44 mm.
Hab.—South Australia: Kangaroo Island (A. M. Lea) ;
New South Wales: Sydney (Australian Museum). Type,
P2080:
Readily distinguished from all others of the genus by its
tuberculate elytra. Sqwamosa is stated to have the elytra
‘“‘a little callous where the fifth, sixth, and seventh inter-
stices terminate,’ but also has a “nearly straight rostrum”
and other differences from the present species. The scales are
denser on parts of the under-surface than elsewhere. On the |
elytra they are rather thin in places, and here and there are
slightly infuscated, giving the surface a slightly mottled
appearance. On the prothorax, head, base of rostrum, and
legs the scales are thin or setose in character. The scales
sometimes have a silvery gloss, and on the head are sometimes.
golden. Two of the typical specimens have the two basal
segments of abdomen more convex than on two others, but I
can find no other differences that are likely to be sexual.
MiSOPHRICE INSULARIS, 0. sp.
Black. Clothed with metallic-green scales.
Rostrum about the length of prothorax and moderately
curved ; basal half with fine ridges and rows of punctures, the
latter continued to apex, but very small in front of antennz.
Prothorax feebly transverse, sides rounded, base wider than
apex; with dense, partially concealed punctures. Hlytra dis-
tinctly wider than prothorax, parallel-sided to beyond the
middle; with rows of rather large, partially concealed phe
tures. Length, 1? mm.
Hab.—South "Australia : Kangaroo Island (A. M. Lea).
Type, L. 2081.
Of the build of gloriosa, but with more uniformly
coloured scales. On that species the scales appear to be in
two almost regular rows on most of the interstices, and cer-
tainly so on the second and third. On the present species
the individual scales are more transverse, and the second and
third interstices each have but a single row, as have most of
the others. From griffith, which has scales arranged some-
what as on gloriosa, it differs also in being rather more robust,
and the scales on the under-surface less brilliantly metallic
than on the upper. Its legs and antenne are also black. The
clothing is alike on the two typical specimens (whose sex is
339
doubtful), and on the upper-surface consists of green scales,
with a slight golden lustre. On the prothorax the scales are
smaller than on the elytra, and towards the middle change to
sete. On the under-surface and legs they are mostly bluish.
MISOPHRICE SOROR, N. sp.
Black. Moderately clothed with white setose scales.
Rostrum long, thin, and moderately curved; _ basal
ridges very feeble, but with distinct rows of punctures,
becoming very small in front. Vrothorax feebly transverse,
sides feebly rounded, base not much wider than apex; with
numerous partially concealed punctures. Jlytra at base
slightly wider than prothorax, sides feebly dilated to beyond
the middle; with rows of rather large punctures. Length,
Hab.—South Australia: Mount Lofty (8S. H. Curnow),
Kangaroo Island, Port Lincoln; New South Wales: Sydney;
Tasmania: Hobart, Launceston (A. M. Lea). Type, I. 2082.
I have long had specimens of this abundant species mixed
with parallela, but they differ in being slightly less robust,
and the clothing on the elytra similar to that on the pro-
thorax, instead of in the form of distinct scales. The cloth-
ing, although adpressed, is more setose than squamose in
character, and is usually of an opaque-white, although on
some specimens vaguely greenish or bluish. On some speci-
mens from certain directions a few golden scales appear
scattered about on the sides. The female has the elytra more
dilated posteriorly than in the male, whose elytra are some-
times almost parallel-sided; her rostrum is also slightly
longer, with smaller punctures, and abdomen more convex.
MISOPHRICE BLACKBURNI, N. sp.
Black; scape, basal-joints of funicle and legs reddish,
tarsi darker, rostrum obscurely diluted with red; elytra
reddish, but infuscated at base, suture, and sides, and with a
conspicuous transverse dark spot beyond the middle, extend-
ing from suture to fifth interstice; a vague spot on each side
also nearer the apex. Clothed with white or whitish sub-
setose scales.
Rostrum long, thin, and rather strongly curved; basal
half with five ridges; with rows of punctures concealed about
base, and becoming very fine towards apex. /Prothoraxr
lightly transverse, sides moderately rounded, base very little
wider than apex; punctures fairly dense, but mostly con-
cealed. Llytra distinctly wider than prothorax, parallel-
sided te beyond the middle; with rows of rather large
340
punctures, in places concealed. Two basal segments of abdomen
feebly depressed in middle. Length, 2-2 mm.
flab.—Northern Queensland (Blackburn’s collection)
Dype, 2083"
In some respects close to apionoides and vitiata, but
elytra more parallel-sided, spots larger, clothing denser, and
abdomen black; carter: is differently clothed, and with elytral
spots longitudinal instead of transverse. The clothing is
denser on the sides of the sterna than elsewhere; on the elytra
it is somewhat irregularly distributed, but rather dense on
the third interstice, except at the dark postmedian spot.
From certain directions most of the scales have a vague golden
lustre.
MISOPHRICE RUFIVENTRIS, Nn. Sp.
Black; femora, tibize, and abdomen reddish, elytra red-
dish, base, suture, sides, and a subapical spot on each side
infuscated ; rostrum and antennz in parts obscurely diluted
with red. Moderately clothed with whitish subsetose scales,
in places with a golden lustre, denser and more squamose in
character on sides of sterna than elsewhere; middle of under-
surface glabrous or almost so.
Rostrum much as in preceding species. Prothorax dis-
tinctly transverse, sides rather strongly rounded, base dis-
tinctly wider than apex, punctures more or less concealed.
Elyira at base distinctly wider than prothorax, sides almost
parallel to beyond the middle; with rows of rather large
punctures, partially concealed in places. Two basal segments.
of abdomen widely flattened in middle, the apical one with
a small fovea. Length, 24-23 mm.
Hab.—Northern Queensland (Blackburn’s collection).
Type, I. 2084.
In colour much hke some forms of varzabilis, but elytra
less dilated posteriorly (although not quite parallel-sided), and
with the rostrum distinctly longer, thinner, darker, and more
curved. In many respects close to carterz, but more densely
clothed and abdomen entirely pale. From the preceding
species it differs in the elytral markings being longitudinal
instead of transverse, and in the pale abdomen. The sub-
apical spot on each elytron is somewhat elongated, and is on
the fifth interstice, but partly also on the fourth and sixth.
The basal infuscation is subtriangularly advanced on the
suture. One specimen has the abdomen somewhat infuscated
on the sides.
MISOPHRICE BREVISETOSA, Nl. sp.
Black, rostrum (tip excepted), antenne (club excepted),
legs, abdomen, and most of elytra more or less reddish. Head,
341
prothorax, a basal triangle on elytra, and sterna with rather
dense green scales; rest of elytra, abdomen, and legs with
depressed, whitish sete, with a greenish tinge; elytra and
legs with rather dense, erect, short, whitish sete.
Rostrum moderately long, thin, and curved; base with
rows of punctures, separated by feeble ridges, elsewhere with
rows of small punctures only. Prothorax moderately trans-
verse, sides rather strongly rounded, base somewhat wider
than apex. UHlytra distinctly wider than prothorax, almost
parallel-sided to beyond the middle; with rows of fairly
large, partially concealed punctures. Length, 2 mm.
Hab.—Northern Queensland (Blackburn’s eollection).
Type, I. 2085.
In size, colour, and general appearance much like many
specimens of swbmetallica, but elytra with numerous regularly
disposed upright or semi-upright sete, in addition to the
scales. In submetallica the elytra, when viewed from the
sides, appear to be entirely without upright sete, whereas in
this species, when so viewed, they are seen to be very
numerous, although short. Setulosa, which has somewhat
similar setz, is a shorter and more compact species, with the
funicle darker than the scape and with more of the elytra
dark, and the suture. and usually the fifth interstice (and
sometimes the third as well) more densely clothed than the
other interstices, whereas in the present species no interstice
is more densely clothed than another. The antennz are paler
than the rostrum, but with the club dark; the tarsi are not
infuscated. A subtriangular basal space on the elytra is
dark, but the suture and sides are very feebly infuscated.
e
MISOPHRICE DUBIA, n. sp. (or var. of munda).
Black; apex of scape, base of funicle, femora, tibie,
abdomen, and most of the elytra reddish; rostrum black or
obscurely diluted with red. Clothed with green or blue
scales, sometimes almost white.
Rostrum comparatively short (scarcely as long as pro-
thorax) and moderately curved; basal half with distinct
puncttires separated by ridges, elsewhere with smaller punc-
tures and without ridges. Prothorax comparatively small,
base distinctly wider than apex; punctures more or less con-
cealed. Hlytra at base distinctly wider than prothorax, sides
moderately dilated to beyond the middle; with rows of
rather large punctures, in places partially concealed. Length,
14-14 mm.
Hab.—Northern Queensland and Aloomba (Blackburn’s
collection), Dalby (Mrs. F. H. Hobler), Gayndah; South
342
Australia: Adelaide; Tasmania: Swansea, Launceston (A.
M. Lea). Type, I. 2086.
Two specimens of this species were previously somewhat
doubtfully identified as abraded specimens of setulosa; but
numerous (over fifty) fresh ones now convince me that the
entire absence of short erect sete from the elytra is the
normal condition of the species, and by this character it may
be distinguished from setulosa. Submetallica is a decidedly
larger species, with much paler elytra; dissentanea, from
Western Australia, is rather close, but differs in the colour
and clothing of prothorax; clathrata is a smaller and more
regularly-clothed species. The description of munda, from
Western Australia, agrees well with it, but it differs from a
Western Australian specimen now before me (and which cer-
tainly is munda) in being distinctly wider, and with the elytra
slightly dilated posteriorly; the pale parts are also more
brightly reddish. The suture, sides, and a subtriangular por-
tion of the base of the elytra are black or infuscated, and on
the dark parts the clothing is denser and more squamose in
character than on the pale parts, which are frequently
glabrous, but usually with rather sparse depressed sete. The
middle of the metasternum and of the abdomen is glabrous,
the rest of the under-surface usually being clothed with bluish
scales, even when those on the upper-surface are green. The
scales on some specimens have a distinct glitter. They
appear to be very easily abraded, many specimens having the
upper-surface wholly or partially glabrous. The sexes are
very feebly defined; the female is usually slightly larger and
wider than the male, the rostrum slightly longer, and abdomen
more convex. The specimens (two) from Adelaide, have the
elytra more brightly reddish than usual, and many of the
scales of a glittering green.
MISOPHRICE INCONSTANS, Nh. Sp.
Black, some parts more or less obscurely reddish. Rather
sparsely clothed.
Rostrum moderately long, thin, and curved; punctures
and ridges much as in preceding species. Prothorax and
elytra somewhat as in that species. Length, 14-14 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns district (A. M. Lea). Type,
I. 2087.
A somewhat variable species. The elytra are usually of
a dingy brownish-red, with the suture and a fairly large sub-
triangular basal space black, but sometimes they are much
darker, so that the sutural and basal markings are very ill-
defined. The abdomen and legs (but the tarsi are always
dark) also vary from a dingy reddish-brown to black, but
343
the abdomen is never of a bright-red. The apical portion of
scape and basal portion of funicle are usually paler than the
rest of the antenne. From the preceding species it differs in
being smaller (the difference in this respect is not much, but
with a long series of both species before me it is at once
evident), with elytra, abdomen, and legs much darker, and
the elytra somewhat narrower at the base. The prothorax
also is a trifle longer than in that species. The sexual
differences are much the same. In general appearance close
to nigriventris, but elytra narrower, and at the base less
noticeably wider than the prothorax; cylindracea is much
closer to it in general appearance, but has the rostrum
decidedly longer and thinner; clathrata is a somewhat smaller
species, with paler elytra and abdomen; nigripes is smaller,
with darker legs, etc. The clothing consists of rather sparse
setose scales or sete, usually of a dull-whitish colour, but
sometimes of a dull-blue or dull-green; but frequently there
are a few glittering green or golden scales on the sides and
legs. Numerous specimens were beaten from casuarinas in a
‘““pocket’’ of the scrub near Yungaburra.
ENCOSMIA CORNUTA, Blackb.
I have seen a fair number of specimens of this species
from Tasmania, Victoria, and New South Wales. On each
elytron immediately below the fascicle there is a spot of
ochreous or golden scales, connected with the apex by a short
stripe; close to each shoulder at the base is a rounded spot of
similar scales, and there is a spot on each side of the base
of the prothorax, adjacent to the subhumeral one.
SUBFAMILY CRYPTORHYNCHIDES.
TYRTZOSUS SIMULATOR, Lea.
This name was recently ) used in error for zmitator.
CAMPTORRHINUS INORNATUS, Lea.
There is a specimen of this species in the Western Aus-
tralian Museum from the Montebello Islands (North-western
Australia).
SUBFAMILY COSSONIDES.
HALORHYNCHUS ca&cUS, Woll.
Mr. H. H. D. Griffith and I have taken specimens of this
species at the roots of plants on sand-dunes at Henley Beach,
near Adelaide, and on Kangaroo Island. It is the first blind
beetle to be recorded from South Australia.
(50) Trans. Roy. Soc., S.A., 1913, p. 337.
O44
CHRYSOMELID.
SPILOPYRA STIRLINGI, nN. sp.
Purplish-brown, in some lights with fiery-red or brassy
reflections. Front and base of head, base, apex, and margins
of prothorax, scutellum, shoulders, and a spot between each
and suture, a complete antemedian fascia, the suture thence
to apex, a postmedian fascia not quite extending to suture,
margins thence to apex, much of under-surface and of legs of
a brillant golden-green, in some lights appearing bluish or
purple. Legs partly of a deep-red. Antennz and palpi
flavous, but apical-joint of the former black.
Head shallowly depressed along middle, with a few small
punctures. Antenne extending to hind coxe, the first six
joints with a waxy gloss, the cthers opaque. Prothorax with
a few strong punctures at base and sides. Hlytra distinctly
depressed and with distinct punctures at antemedian fascia.
Length, 8-9 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Cairns district (A. M. Lea). Type,
zit le
Two specimens of this gorgeous beetle, certainly the finest
taken on a recent trip to Queensland, were beaten from some
shrubs at Yungaburra. Not much notice was taken of them
at the time, as they were thought to be swmptwosa, otherwise
considerable time would probably have been spent in looking
for others. It differs from swmptuosa in being smaller, elytra
with two fascize (one incomplete) instead of three (two in-
complete), antennz longer, and very differently coloured, and
punctures sparser. The species is dedicated to Dr. H. C.
Stirling, till recently Director of the South Australian
Museum.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XVI.
Fig. 1. Agus janson1, Boileau.
gigi ee » subbasalis, Lea.
Le ey. e a », 3 head and prothorax of female.
» 4. EHucarteria floralis, Lea.
AOR », 3 head of female.
ae OF Callirhipis cardwellensis, ’Blackb.
a alee Aa reticulata, Lea.
nat eee ; teratological antenna.
sae Camponotiphilus *fimbricollis, Lea.
», 10. Siwtarida scabriceps, Lea.
sats: ss A »» 3 Side view of head and pro-
thorax.
345
CATALOGUE OF THE CICADID£ iN THE SOUTH AUSTRA-
LIAN MUSEUM, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF SEVERAL
NEW SPECIES.
By Howarp AsuHTon.
(Communicated by A. M. Lea.)
[Read October 8, 1914.]
Puate XVII.
Through the courtesy of the Director of the Museum
(Mr. Edgar R. Waite) and the Entomologist (Mr. Arthur
M. Lea) I have had the opportunity of working upon the
material coliected in the Homopterous family Cicadide. The
collection is certainly an interesting one, and most of the
specimens are well preserved. Included in it are some of the
types of Goding and Froggatt, several of which I find are
synonymous with older species. One of these, the type of
Melampsalta flava, God. and Frogg., which is stated by the
authors to be a mutilated specimen, is, In my opinion, so much
mutilated that it should never have been made a type of a
species. It may be a perfectly good species. On the other
hand, it may be a pale, immature, and mutilated specimen
of half a dozen other species. There are some fine series of
species in the collection, and these are always valuable. As
large series become available it is certain that specimens now
regarded as of different species will be recognized as examples
from each end of such ranges. In a country of such extent
as Australia one must look for considerable geographical
variation 1n species both as regards colour and size, and even,
in dominant species, shape. Melampsalta landsborough,
Dist., for instance, Jf. torrida, Erich., Pauropsalta melano-
pygia, Germ., and Jf. abdominalis, Dist., are species of great.
range and great variability. In the larger species 7'amasa
tristigma, Germ., and Macrotristria mtersecta, Walk., are
examples of extreme variability. This has misled workers in
the past, and will mislead them in the future. I myself do
not .claim immunity from error. But I have examined a
very large number of specimens in the Museum collections.
of Australia, and have also large series of species in my own,
and my conclusion is that one should be extremely careful
about making new species on colour or even on slight varia-
tion in form unless many specimens are available. With the
346
collection of immature imaginal specimens, which have not
yet reached their full pigmentation, the Museums are full of
traps for the unwary.
PLATYPLEURA, Am. and Serv.
(1) Po teppern, God. and Proeg..7) Proc, linn) isqem
N.S.W., 1904, p. 568, pl. xviil., fig. 5a. Hab.—Northern
Territory.
THopHa, Am. and Serv.
(2) DR saccata, Vabr..) Syso. Riva sp. oo4e) yO hemiou am
Hab.—New South Wales.
(3) 7. sessiltba; Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), ix.,
p. 314, 1892. Hab.—Central Australia, Northern Territory.
(4)) 2 colorata, Mist., Ann. Magi Nats distin (essa
p. 411, 1907. Hab.—Central Australia: MacDonnell Ranges.
Arunta, Dist.
(5) Al perulata, | Guer:, \Voy. | Coq). Zcol. wale cnmae
180, figs. 5 and 5a, pl. x., 1830. Hab.—New sont Wales.
(6) A. wnterclusa, Walk., List. Hom. Suppl., p. 5, 1858;
ASG. elOmee ive epi a Aer) Selon OMEN uA. Hab.—Queensland :
Kuranda.
CycLocHipa, Am. and Serv.
(7) C. australasie, Donov., Ins. New Holl., Hem., pl.
latices A eS Oa) Hab.—Victoria, New South Wales,
Tasmania(?). Var. spreta, God. and Frogg., Proc. Linn.
Soc., N.S.W., 1904, p. 370. MHab.—Victoria.
(8) C.. virens, Dist., ““Entomologist,’’ p. 148, 1906:
Hab.—Queensland: Kuranda.
Psautopa, Stol.
(9) 2. merens, Germ, Silb. Rey. inte, pe biemlicsss
Hab.—South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria. There
is one pale specimen determined as P. aurora, Dist. It is
certainly not aurora, and is probably an unpigmented example
of morens.
: (10) P. argentata, Germ., Silb. Rev. Ent., u., p. 66,
1834. Hab.—New South Wales.
@1) 2. hagrisi, “Meach ,\ZeolsMiscelle ise peopel
Xxxlx., fig. 2, 1814. Hab.—New South Wales. One spec-
men is not of the usual black colour, being strongly variegated
with yellow.
(12) P. fumipennis, Ashton, Proc. Roy. Soc., Vic., 1912,
Pp.) 2220 ipl. adlixg aioe 2a and 0. Hab. —Queensland :
Kuranda.
347
HENICOPSALTRIA, Stol.
(13) H. eydouzn, Guer., Voy. ‘‘Coq.,’’ Zool., 1i1., 2, p-
181, 1830. Hab.—New South Wales.
(14) H. kelsalli, Dist., Ann. Soc., Ent., Belg., p. 416,
1910. Hab.—Queensland: Coen River.
(15) A. nubsvena, Walk., List. Hom., Suppl., p. 17,
1858. Hab.—South Australia. .
Macrorristria, Stol.
(16) Mf. angularis, Germ., Silb. Rev. Ent., ii., p. 68,
1834. Hab.—New South Wales.
(17) M. hieroglyphica, God. and Frogg., Proc. Linn.
Soc., N.S.W., 1904, p. 581. Hab.—Western Australia:
Beverley.
(18) I. sylvara, Dist., Trans. Ent. Soc., Lond., 1901,
p. 591, pl.*xvi., figs. la and J. Hab.—Northern Queensland.
(19) M. halherz, Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1907, p-
413. Hab.—Western Australia, South Australia.
(20) if: intersecita, Walk.,, List. Hom.,1.,. p: 97, 1850.
Hab.—Northern Territory, Queensland. This is an extremely
variable species. I have seen it from numerous localities,
and in hardly any case is it without some local variation.
Tt does not only vary in colour but also in shape, some
specimens being pale, some dark, some unmarked on pro-
notum and mesonotum;, some narrow-bodied, some as robust
as Distant’s IM. extrema. After examination of the type
specimen of Goding and Froggatt’s MW. sylvanella in the
Macleay Museum, Sydney, I have no hesitation in declaring
that this is merely a pale and narrow - bodied variety of
Walker’s species. I have seen every grade between it and the
typical species intersecta, and it may possibly be found later
that I. extrema, Dist., comes into the very wide drag-net of
this extremely variable species as a larger and differently
coloured race.
(21) Mf. extrema, Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), x.,
p. 56, 1892. Hab.—North-western Australia.
(22) M. MAcULICOLLIS, n. sp. (pl. xvu., fig. 1). Closely
allied to Jf. angularis, but very much smaller. Female—
Head black, with a triangular spot on each side of vertex
near front, and a stripe on apex of front yellow. Pronotum
black with two curved, inwardly angulate fasciz, one on
each side of central line, yellow, and a centrally interrupted
fascia of yellow along the dorsal surface of the posterior
margin, with two other spots on the lateral dilatations.
Mesonotum black, with two very small central fascie, two
large discal fascize, and two lateral fascie yellow, cruciform
348
elevation brownish-yellow. Abdomen black. Head beneath
black, yellow about clypeus, front black. Sternum varie-
gated with black and yellow. Abdomen beneath yellow with
lateral carinations and broad central fascia black. Tegmina
with veins and basal cell fuscous, inner edge of costa and
radius yellow, apical veins a little infuscated, as in M/.
angularis, bat not so broadly. Wings with venation yellow.
Rostrum reaches hind coxe. Long., 42 mm,; exp. teg.,
112mm. fHab.—Queensland: Dalby (Mrs. F. Ht. Hoblery
May be distinguished from J/. angularis, Germ., by the black
and yellow posterior pronotal margin, the black face, the
more sessile eyes, and more prominent front.
(23) M. occidentalis, Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., x.,
p. 438, 1912. Hab.—Western Australia: Cue.
(24)) Mo VULPINA, mn. sp. (Col. xvai), fo) 2) vAlitedsine
M. hiltert and M. occidentalis, but very much smaller. The
body above is generally piceous, with the lateral discal areas
of pronotum inclining to castaneous. Beneath it is pale
fuscous-yellow, densely clothed with white tomentum. The
lateral margins of the mesonotum are covered with silvery
hair, as in Jf. occidentalis, and the abdomen (dorsally) is
also well sprinkled with a similar pile, especially on the lateral
areas. The segmental margins are also very narrowly mar-
gined with fuscous-yellow. The cruciform elevation is pale-
fuscous, with a central brown spot. Tegmina are unspotted,
without the infuscations noted in either MW. hilliert or M.
occidentalis. Distant’s description of A/. hillierz does not men-
tion any infuscations of the tegmina, but many of the speci-
mens in the Museum have the anastomoses distinctly marked.
Long., 25 mm.; exp. teg., 74 mm. Hab.—Western Aus-
tralia: Cue (H. W. Brown).
(Qo) If. “thophoides, Ashton, Proc’ Roy. soc.) Vier
part i., 1914, p. 13. Hab.—Western Australia: Cue.
(26) M. nigrosignata, Dist., Trans. Ent. Soc., Lond.,
L904 DAOT one Diewwxxax nes: ay amcdion Hab.—Western
Australia: Murchison district. This specimen is larger than
Distant’s figure, and lacks the chestnut colour, being much
darker, but this latter is probably accounted for by the fact
that it has been in spirits and has become greasy.
DicEropyea, Stol.
(27) D. ‘obtecta, Fabr., Syst: ‘Rhynt p: 35a, le0ee
Hab.—Queensland: Coen River. In the National Museum,
Melbourne, there is a large series of this species, which was
collected by J. A. Kershaw on the Claudie River, Northern
Queensland. Previously it had not been recorded from Aus-
tralia, being a Papuan species.
349
Terrieg1a, Am.
(28) 7. burker, Dist., Proc. Zool. Soc., 1882, p. 126,
pl. vu., figs. 3a and 6. Hab.—Northern Queensland.
(29) 7. hil, Ashton. Hab.—Northern Territory (see
appendix).
Tamasa, Dist.
(00) 2 trestigma, Germ: silb. Rev: “Ent., i:, p.0 69}
1834. Hab.—Queensland.
Gmana, Am. and Serv.
(L1G maculata, Mrary, ins), i.) p. 68, pl. xxxvii-;
fig. i., 1773. Hab.—Northern Territory (?). There are three
specimens, two labelled India, one Northern Territory. Per-
sonally I very much doubt whether the species, common in
India, commoner in China, has an Australian habitat at all.
VenustTrRia, God. and Frogg.
(a2)y Vo superba, God. and. Wroge., “Proc, Linn. Soc.,
N.S.W., 1904, p. 597, pl. xix., fig. 7a. Hab.—Queensland.
AsRicta, Stal.
(33) A. curvicosta, Germ., Silb. Ent. Rev., i1., p. 66,
1834. Hab.—New South Wales.
(eae nuber,. Gods*and “Frogs. Proc: Linn. Soc.,
N.S.W., 1904, p. 600. Hab.—New South Wales(?). The
authors record this species only from the Northern Territory.
(39) 4. aurata; Walk., List. Hom., 1., p.° 215, 1850.
Hab.—New South Wales.
(36) Aw anillss, Dist.) Proc. Zool. ‘Sec., Wend-; p: 124,
pl. viu., figs. 4a and 6. 1882. Hab.—Northern Queensland,
North-western Australia.
(37) A. RUFONIGRA, n. sp. (pl. xvil., fig. 6). Allied to
A. stalkert and A. willsi, Dist., in tegminal markings. Body
above a deep reddish-black, somewhat greyishly pilose, meso-
notum with two subcentral anterior fasciz of grey hair, lateral
margins of same also marked with a line of similar pile.
Chest beneath very much covered with hair. Long., 20 mm. ;
exp. teg., 62 mm. Hab.—Western Australia: Cue.
(38) A. castanea, Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xvi.,
p. 27, 1905. Hab.—Northern Territory, Queensland. There
is one typical specimen of the rather pale-chestnut colour
described by Distant. This comes from the Northern Territory.
In addition there is a variation from Queensland with the
castaneous colour of the head and pronotum very much
darker, and with the first two tegminal anastomoses distinctly
infuscated. A third variety, collected by the Calvert
350
Expedition of 1896 is a little smaller and of a more uniform
reddish colour.
PaRNKALLA, Dist.
(39) P. gregoryi, Dist., Proc. Zool. Soc., Lond., 1882,
p. 129, pl. vu., figs. 7a and 6. Hab.—Queensland.
(40) P. muelleri, Dist., Proc. Zool. Soc., 1882, p. 128,
pl. vu., figs. 6a and 6. Hab.—Queensland.
Burgunea, Dist.
(41) B. gumore, Dist., Proc. Zool: Soc., 1882, p. 1272
pls wily, figs! (Sa sand, 0.
(42) B. wmornata, Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xvi.,
p- 29, 1905. Hab.—Central Australia. Agrees entirely
with Distant’s description except that the tegminal anasto-
moses are lightly infuscated.
QUINTILIA, Stal.
(43) @. infans, Walk:, Mist. Hom.j%1., sp. 201, ilicot
Hab.—South Australia.
JASSOPSALTRIA, NOV.
Short, head very broad, front hidden from above,
resembles rather in shape of head and thorax one of the
Jasside (gen. Hurymela). Eight apical areas in tegmen, six
in wing. Tympana fully exposed, openings narrow. Abdo-
men obconical, a little convexly inflated beneath, equal in
length above to head and thorax. Thorax, head, and
abdomen equal in width.
(44) J. RUFIFACIES, n. sp. (pl. xvii., fig. 4). Male. Green,
tinged with yellow on pronotum and lateral areas of meso-
notum, legs yellowish, face chestnut-red, eyes brown, not
prominent. Tegmina and wings unspotted, vitreous. Long...
11:15 mm.; exp. teg., 32 mm. Hab.—Western Australia:
Cue. A very distinct little species, easily recognized by the
green colouration and red face.
PaRAGUDANGA, Dist.
(45) P. brown, Dist. Hab.—Western Australia: Cue
(H. W. Brown). I have not seen Distant’s description, but
there is one’specimen thus labelled in the Macleay Museum,
Sydney. -
Baturia, Dist.
(46) B. nura, n. sp. Male. Body above red, posterior
segmental margins very narrowly marked with black. Head
and thorax beneath ochraceous. Abdomen red, with segmental
margins narrowly black. Opercula somewhat acute, directed
351
inwardly from apices, well separate. Abdomen very slightly
inflated and laterally depressed. Long., 1455 mm.; exp. teg.,
46 mm. Hab.—Queensland: Coen River.
Marpauana, Dist.
(47) M. FumEa, n. sp. Female. Body above brown.
Head yellowish, margins of front, and two divergent fasciz
from vertex, passing outside region of ocelli to vertical mar-
gins, black. Pronotum centrally brown, becoming piceous on
lateral areas. Mesonotum purplish- brown, with four
‘obsolescent obconical fasciz, the two central shortest, black.
Abdomen greenish-fuscous, lightest on dorsal ridge, with
black interrupted lateral longitudinal fasciz on each side.
Body beneath yellowish-brown, face with central black stripe,
abdomen with brown central longitudinal stripe, legs marked
with black. Tegmina and wings hyaline, with a very dis-
tinct even smoky tinge. lLong., 21 mm.; exp. teg., 65 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Coen River. (Collected by W. D. Dodd.)
7 (48) M. congrua, Walk., Jour. Ent., 1., p. 303, 1862.
THAUMASTOPSALTRIA, Kirk.
(20), 2. glauca, Ashton, Proc. Roy. Soc., Vic., 1912, ‘p.
225, pl. li, figs. 8a and b.
CystoprsaLTRia, God. and Frogg.
(50) C. ammaculata, God. and Frogg., Proc. Linn. Soc.,
N.S.W., 1904, p. 661, pl. xviii., fig. la. Hab.—Queensland.
Koponea, Dist.
(51) A. umbrimargo, Walk., List. Hom., Suppl., p. 32,
1858. Mab.—South Australia, Western Australia.
(52) K. casTanesA, n. sp. Head black. Pronotum deep
castaneous, a narrow central line (surrounded by black) and
posterior margin bright-yellow. Iesonotwm deep castaneous,
two central anterior obconical spots, two larger sublateral
spots, two spots at anterior angles of cruciform elevation,
black. Abdomen black, segmental margins narrowly
brownish ochraceous. Tegmina and wings with venation fus-
cous. Apical margins of both narrowly surrounded with deep
fuscous, first apical area, first two anastomoses and apical
longitudinal veins of tegmina deeply clouded with same.
Body beneath with chest and legs piceous, varied with yellow.
Abdomen yellow, with broad median black fascia. Face
black, margins yellow, opercula short, square, transverse,
pale-yellow. Long., male, 28 mm.; exp. teg., 83 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia. May be distinguished from KX.
352
umbrimargo by the chestnut colour of the thorax, and by the
deeper infuscation of the tegmina and wings. The apical
veins also are very much more curved backwards than in
umbrimargo.
MeELampsaLutTa, Am.
(53) MZ. torrida, Erich., Arch., 1842,1., p. 286. Hab.—
Victoria, Tasmania. In the long series from Tasmania there
is considerable variation in colour, and even in shape, some
being very robust and short, and quite black. However, an
arrangement in series shows that it 1s all the one species.
Goding and Froggatt’s female type of I. spinosa is an
immature specimen of torrida. The male type in the Macleay
Museum is a totally different species.
(54) Mf. convergens, Walk., List Hom., 1., p. 114, 1850.
Hab.—South Australia, Western Australia.
(55) Mf. labeculata, Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 6, x.,
p. 66, 1892. Hab.—Queensland.
(56) Mf. cingulata, Fabr., Syst. Emt.,:p. 680,,95 17ts,
Hab.—New Zealand.
(57) M. tTieris, n.sp. Male. Head with vertex black,
front testaceous, margins black, a spot on vertex testaceous.
Pronotum brownish-yellow, mottled about fissures with black,
a black keyhole central longitudinal stripe enclosing a pale-
yellow stripe. Jfesonotuwm black, two subcentral inwardly
angulate spots yellow, lateral margins castaneous. Abdomen
black, with marginal broad stripes of orange-red, interrupted
on dorsal ridge. Tegmina vitreous, venation fuscous. First
two anastomoses deeply infuscated, a paler suffusion on apical
margin. Wings vitreous, basal margins red. Head beneath
black, face with central basal yellow fascia and margins yellow.
Thorax yellow, striped with black; legs the same. Abdomen
yellow, with a broad central black longitudinal fascia reaching
to apical segment. Opercula rounded, not meeting centrally.
Long., 16 mm.; exp. teg., 44 mm. Hab.—South Australia
(Revs ae (esibinEeess):
(58) M. apicata, n. sp. Resembles M/. labeculata, Dist.,
in size and markings. Less robust in body, and not quite
so large as the average specimen of labeculata. May be easily
distinguished. by the very characteristic markings on the
tegmina, a broad smoky fascia extending along both the apical
anastomoses and becoming diffused over the first two apical
areas. Long., 20 mm.; exp. teg., 56 mm. Hab.—Western
Australia: Cue.
The following species have the tegmina unmarked :—
(59) WM. abdominalis, Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 6,
ix., p. 323, 1892. Hab.—South Australia. A smaller and
353
lighter specimen is labelled by Goding and Froggatt as ‘‘J/.
prolongata, God. and Frogg.’’ Their type of Pauropsalta
castanea is also a pale specimen. The six cells in the wings
make it obvious that it is out of its genus.
(60) Jf. cruentata, Fabr., Syst. Ent., p. 680, 10, 1775.
Hab.—New Zealand.
(61) Jf. landsboroughi, Dist., Proc. Zool. Soc., 1882,
p. 131, pl. vu., figs. 14a and 6. Hab.—New South Wales,
Queensland, Victoria, South Australia. The type of M.
tristrigata, God. and Frogg., is in the Museum. It convinces
me more than ever that this species cannot stand. It is
obviously a form of ./. landsborought.
(62) I. viridicincta, Ashton, Rec. Aust. Mus., Syd.,
x., 1912, p. 78, pl. vu., fig. 5. Hab.—Western Australia.
(63) J. rubristrigata, God. and Frogg., Proc. Linn.
Soc., N.S.W., 1904, p. 638. MHab.—South Australia. The
type is in the Museum.
(64) I. arenaria, Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1907,
xxiv., p. 422. Hab.—New South Wales: Sydney.
(65) df. eyrez, Dist., Proc. Zool. Soc., 1882,-p. 130, pl.
ll., figs. 12a and 6. Hab.—Central Australia, Queensland.
(66) I. binotata, God. and Frogg. (type), Proc. Linn.
Soc., N.S.W., 1904, p. 643. Hab.—South Australia.
(67) I. labyrinthica, Walk., List. Hom. Brit. Mus.,
1., p. 75, 1850. AHab.—South Australia.
(6a) 2 incepta, Walks). List.,Hom.; 1.,.p: 167, 1850:
Hab.—New South Wales.
(69) WZ. murrayensis, Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.,
1907, xx., p. 421. Hab.—New South Wales.
(70) Mf. marginata, Leach, Zool. Misc., 1., p. 89., pl.
xxxix., fig. 1, 1814. Hab.—New South Wales.
71) M. flava(?), God. and Frogg., Proc. Linn. Soc.,
N.S.W., 1904. Hab.—Australia(?). It is dificult to under-
stand why this very mutilated specimen was ever made a
type. Distant gives the synonymy (Syn. Cat. Hom., 1906,
p. 156) as duda beecaru, Dist. It could not have been a
determination from this type. Nobody could determine any-
thing from it. At all events, whatever the species is, it is
not Muda, fcr that genus has the radial and ulnar veins
separate at the base. This species is either Ielampsalta or
Pauropsalta. So far the authors were admirably correct.
(72) M. oldfieldi, Dist., Proc. Zool. Soc., 1883, p. 191-
Hab.—Queensland : Maryborough. :
(73) I. capistrata, Ashton, Mem. Nat. Mus., Moloney
A, W912, pe 31, plistv.) figsape? and 3. Hab.—Queensland.
(74) M. crucifera, Ashton, Proc. Roy. Soc., Vic., 1912,
p. 226, pl. u., fig. 9a. Hab.—Queensland. |
M
354
(75) M. froggatt:, Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1907,
xx., p. 419. Hab.—Queensland.
(76) MW. hermannsburgensis, Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.,
1907, xx., p. 419. Hab.—Western Australia.
(77) M. incopiens, Walk., List. Hom., 1., p. 189, 1850.
Hab.—South Australia: Lucindale.
— (78) M. demson, Dist., Ann. Soc. Ent., Belg., xxxvii.,
p. 78, 1893. Hab.—Tailer Bend (?) (J. W. Mellor, 1897).
The habitat is given by Distant as Port Denison.
(79) M. apELaIDA, n. sp. Female. Head black, base of
front, spot at base of vertex, brownish-yellow. Pronotum
yellowish-red, two central longitudinal linear fasciz, ampliate
and angulate anteriorly and posteriorly, discal curved fasciz
and sulci black. Posterior margin broadly edged anteriorly with
black. Jlesonotwm black, two central discal spots barely con-
nected with two more spots (one at each angle of cruciform
elevation) yellow. Metanotal margins yellow. Abdomen
black; segmental margins, except along dorsal ridge, broadly
margined with reddish-yellow. Terminal segment yellow, two
black stripes above, meeting at apex. Face below with central
spot and margins yellow, thorax black, legs yellow, striped
with black (more so in anterior pair). Abdomen yellow, a
central black fascia. Ovipositor and surrounding furrow
black. Tegmina with costa ferruginous, remaining venation
black, basal membrane bright-orange, venation of wings paler.
Long., 21 mm.; exp. teg.,/ 62 mm. ~ Miab.—-South ems.
tralia: Adelaide (Trentham|?]). There is one smaller speci-
men labelled ‘‘Northern Territory.’’ The largest of three, all
females, is the type. Two males, labelled ‘“‘I/. marginata,
Leach,’’ in the Macleay Museum, Sydney.
(80) M. susetusa, n. sp. Head with vertex black,
front and spot on hind border yellow. Pronotwm and
mesonotum reddish-brown, central longitudinal stripe to pro-
notum yellow, surrounded broadly with black, sulci black.
Four obconical spots on mesonotum, central pair shortest.
Abdomen with segmental rings anteriorly black, posteriorly
red, beneath all red. Face beneath chestnut-red, with
central black fascia, chest and legs yellowish, with browner
markings, opercula pale greyish-yellow, rounded, not con-
tiguous. Tegmina and wings vitreous, costa greenish-grey
on basal half, fuscous towards apex, other venation from grey
to fuscous at apex. Long., male, 16; exp. teg., 44 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia: Cue. Allied to Jd. «wncepta,
Walk., but considerably larger. Besides the type there are
several specimens of a general greenish colour. These may
be recently-emerged insects, or may belong to a paler-coloured
race.
355
(81) UW. waterhouser, Dist... Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1905,
Suing p. 271.
(82) M. melete, Walk., List. Hom., i., p. 179, 1850.
According to description and size this should be Walker’s
species. The type is unavailable, being in the British
Museum, and I have not seen any authentic determination of
this species.
(So) Ie ade, Walk”, hist. Efom., 1., p. 181, 1850.
Pavropsauta, God. and Frogg.
(84) P. mneme, Walk., List. Hom., 1., p. 181, 1850.
_ Hab.—New South Wales, South Australia. Goding and -
Froggatt’s type of P. prolongata is a female specimen of this
species. It is in the Museum.
(85) P. extensa, God. and _Frogg. (type), Proc. Linn.
soc. N.S.W., 1904, p. 618.
(86) Va eleendiae gia. Germ., Silb. Rev. Ent., u., p. 59,
1834. Hab.—Northern Territory, Northern Queensland.
After examining dozens of this species in various collections
and from various localities I am convinced that P. nigristriga,
God. and Frogg., is a synonym. The species varies in depth
of colour, and, on the Queensland side especially, carries the
bars of black across the dorsal ridge of the abdomen, which
gave the name to Goding and Froggatt’s species.
(87) P. encaustiea, Germ., Silb., Rev. Ent., ii., p. 62,
1834. Hab.—New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia:
(88) P. basalis, God. and Frogg., Proc. Linn. Soc.,
N.S.W., 1904, p. 625. Hab.—Northern Territory.
(89) P. minima, God. and Frogg., Proc. Linn. Soc.,
N.S.W., 1904, p. 628. Hab.—Central Australia, Queensland.
(90) P. dubia, God. and Frogg., Proc, Linn. Soc.,
N.S.W., 1904, p. 621. Hab.—South Australia, Victoria.
(91) P. BELLATRIX, n. sp. Allied to P. encaustica, Germ.
Head and thorax greyish-brown. Head with most of vertex
black. Pronotum with a central yellow stripe, sulci blackish.
Mesonotum with four obconical black spots, central pair very
short, outer pair reaching hind border. Abdomen black,
covered with velvety hair, segmental margins narrowly red,
anal segment in female yellow, two black stripes converging
towards apex. Face beneath prominent, dark-brown, chest
and legs brown, abdomen beneath orange-yellow with a central
black longitudinal fascia. 'Tegmina and wings hyaline, wings
with apex of anal area a little infuscated. In the type SBeo
men this infuscation is absent. Long., female, 16 mm.
exp. teg., 45 mm. Hab.—Western Australia: Warren River
(W. D. Dodd).
M2
356
Birrima, Dist.
(92) B. varians, Germ., Silb. Rev. Ent., ii5; p. 59,
1834. Hab.—Queensland. This is a female specimen, and
therefore a little doubtful. The markings are the same, but
the shape is slenderer.
URABUNANA, Dist.
(93) U. RUFILINEA, n. sp. Body above black with the
following red markings:—Pronotal margins and a central
longitudinal stripe to pronotum, and abdominal segmental
margins. Cruciform elevation and metanotal margins yellow.
Head beneath black, with central basal spot to face and
margins yellow. Chest brownish-yellow, opercula long, nar-
row, rose-pink. Abdomen beneath red, yellowish toward
apex. Long., male, 10 mm.; exp. teg., 24 mm. Hab.—
Galston, Dumbrell.
(94) U. LONGIPENNIS, n. sp. Similar in markings to U.
rufilinea, but larger. The abdomen is long and a little
inflated both in male and female. The markings on the
thorax are yellow, a central pronotal fascia, and narrow
yellow pronotal margins. The front is much more prominent
than in U. rufilinea, the segmental borders in the abdomen
are narrowly orange-yellow, and the opercula are short and
transverse. The tegmina and wings are very much longer
than usual with this genus, and with a pale milky tinge.
The venation is very pale, almost white. Long., male 12 mm.,
female 16 mm.; exp. teg., male 36 mm., female 39 mm.
Hab.—Central Australia: Tennant Creek. There is consider-
able variation in the number of apical cells in the wing—the
type male has four, the female five; consequently the generic
determination must be for a while uncertain.
(95) U. festeva, Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1907, xx.,
p. 423. Hab.—Victoria.
(96). U.. verna, Uist.) Ann. Mag; Nat. Hist. x. iQi:
p. 440. Hab.—Queensland: Dalby.
LeMBEJA, Dist.
(97) L. papuensis, Dist., Ann. Mus. Civ., Genoa, 2a,
xvull., p. 382, 1897. Hab.—Northern Queensland ( ?).
(98) L. brunneosa, Dist., Ann. Soc. Ent., Belg., 1910,
p. 418. Hab.—Northern Queensland: Cape York.
FROGGATTOIDES, Dist.
(99) #. typrca, Dist., Ann.) Soc. Ent., Bele, 1910) 4p
418. Hab.—Western Australia.
357
Cystrosoma, Westw.
(100) C. saundersi, Westw., Arc. Ent., 1., p- 92, -pl.
xxiv., fig. 1, 1842. Hab.—New South Wales, Queensland.
(101) C. schmelz, Dist., Proc. Zool. Soc., Lond., 1882,
p. 132, pl. vu., figs. lla and 6. Hab.—Queensland.
TettTigarctTa, White.
(102) ZT. tomentosa, White, Eyre’s Travels in Aust.,
append. 1., p. 413, pl. iv., fig. 4, 1845. Hab.—Tasmania.
(103) 7. erinita, Dist., Proc. Zool. Soc., Lond., 1883,
p. 188, pl. xxv., figs. 5a, 6, and ce. Hab.—Victoria.
ADDENDUM.
PAUROPSALTA LINEOLA, 1. sp. Body yellow, shining. H cad
black, yellow spots at base of front, behind ocelli, and on
each vertical margin. Pronotum yellow, a broad central
black stripe and incisures black. Jesonotum yellow, two
short central fascie, two longer sublateral ones, and two
lateral marginal ones black. Abdomen yellow, narrow seg-
mental margins and a broad central stripe, and two spots on
anal segment black. Body beneath yellow, face prominent,
black with yellow borders, broad lateral black fascize on each
segment of abdomen, ovipositor and furrow black. Tegmina
and wings vitreous, anal area of wings lacteous interiorly,
venation fuscous. Long., female, 9 mm.; exp. teg., 26 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia.
TerTiGia HILL, n. sp. (pl. xvi., fig. 3). Head and eyes
chestnut, black about ocelli, yellow stripes behind eyes.
Pronotum green, central keyhole-shaped fascia narrowly sur-
rounded with black, incisures black anteriorly, anterior edge
of posterior margin outlined in black. This margin is notice-
ably lighter than the rest of pronotum. J/esonotum chestnut,
two short central anterior obconical spots, on each side a
lateral fascia. Space before cruciform elevation black, lateral
margins, cruciform elevation, and metanotal margins green.
Abdomen black, segmental margins broadly and distinctly
chestnut, apex of anal segment yellow. Tegmina and wings
vitreous, basal third of costa and streak in basal cell green,
basal membranes yellow, venation chestnut to piceous, first
two anastomoses to apical cells of tegmina infuscated. Head
beneath yellow, central stripe to face, enclosing yellow basal
spot, black; legs brown, marked with black stripes on coxe
and femora; sternum greyish-yellow, covered with short grey
hair. Abdomen brownish-chestnut along lateral edges; inside
these chestnut areas greyish, with broad central longitudinal
358
black stripe; last segment and. ovipositor black, yellow spot
on each side at apex, lone, female, 19) mri exp atee
62 mm. Hab.—Port Darwin: Batchelor. Collected by Mr.
G. F. Hill (Government Entomologist). A second specimen,
also female, has the green in the pronotal and mesonotal discs
replaced by bright-yellow. A third, which has evidently been
in spirits, has become suffused in all the lighter areas with
a dull-brown. The species is closely allied to 7. burkei,
Dist., from which it differs in the brighter colouration and
in the less extensive markings of wings. The type is in
my collection. There are specimens in the Macleay
Museum, Sydney, marked by Goding and Froggatt T.
tristugma.
DESCRIPTION OF PLATE XVII.
1, la. Macrotristria maculicollis.
2, 2a. As vulpina.
4S, Be, Menmcone, Teall.
4, da, 4b. Jassopsaltria rufifacies.
» 0, 0@. Kobonga castanea.
6, 6a, 6b. Abricta rufonigra.
359
ADDITIONS TO AUSTRALIAN ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS.
By R. S. Rocers, M.A., M.D.
[Read October 8, 1914. ]
Prare iX VILL
CALADENIA BRYCEANA, Sp. nov.
This interesting little Caladenia was found by Miss Bryce
MacIntyre at Gnowangerup, Western Australia, early in
September. She states that it was growing in sandy soil near
the bank of a salt pool.
Description :-—
Plant diminutive (my specimens 14 inches), very hairy,
leaf broadly lanceolate; two hairy, lanceolate bracts about
4-inch long on the upper part of the stem a little below the
ovary.
Flower single, rather more than 4 inch in length,
segments of perianth greenish. Dorsal sepal hairy, spathu-
late, incurved over, and about the same length as the column.
Lateral sepals rather widely crescentic, ecaudate, about as
long as the dorsal sepal. Lateral petals linear-lanceolate,
approximating in length to the sepals. Labellum freely move-
able on a rather long claw; margins entire; with wide green
lateral lobes; middle lobe (tip) short, blunt, triangular,
studded with dark reddish-purple glands, recurved and then
reduplicated on itself so as to form a sigmoid flexure; upper-
surface of lamina convex, reniform; lower-surface concave ;
calli dark reddish-brown, stalked, standing up conspicuously
from surface of lamina in four dense rows and reaching almost
to the tip; on the claw near the. base of the lamina is a large
conspicuous, purplish-green, clavate, bilobed process. The
column is much incurved, with large hatchet-shaped wings
resembling those in genus Pterostylis; greenish, with reddish
dots on anterior surface except at the base, where there is a
small depression into which fits the head of the bilobed process
when the labellum is raised; anther quite blunt, overhanging
the stigma.
The two yellow glands so commonly found at the base of
the colmun in Caladenia are not present in this species.
Caladena Bryceana is so characteristic that it is un-
likely to be mistaken for other members of the genus. It
finds its place within Bentham’s section Calonema, and is most
360
nearly related to C. Roei. In contrast to the new species,
however, C’. Hoe: is a much larger plant, with narrow linear
leaf and bigger flower; it has caudate sepals, and the middle
lobe is simply recurved and not reduplicated; there are two
yellow glands at the base of the column, and the latter, though
markedly winged, does not bear the wide hatchet-shaped wings
of C. Bryceana.
PTEROSTYLIS VEREENA, Sp. nov.
Found by Miss Vereena Jacobs growing in fair numbers
amongst Hakea, Tetratheca, etc., in stony soil at Cherry
Gardens, South Australia, about the middle of September.
Description :—
A plant of slender habit, 4 to 54 inches high. Leaves.
in a radical rosette, sessile, lanceolate- wipe 7-nerved, reticu-
lated. Bracts two, one near the base, the other about the
middle of the stem; very large, leaf- fies, broadly, lanceolate,
sheathing at their aces reticulated.
Pla er single, about # inch long, green. Galea erect, but
abruptly curved fonmrauns towards the end, terminating in
rather an acute point. The conjoined sepals enclosing an
acute sinus; tapering into fine points embracing the sides of
the galea and then bending forward. lLabellum on a move-
able claw, spathulate-lanceolate, moderately recurved towards
the end, tip not very acute; traversed throughout its length
by a raised mesial ridge, with two or three longitudinal veins.
on each side of it; under-surface of lamina with a deep mesial
furrow corresponding to the ridge; reaching to a higher level
than the anther, the recurved portion showing through the
sinus of the conjoined sepals; basal appendage curved, its
tip trifid, penicillate. Column 6 lines (including anther) ;
upper angles of membranous wings produced into an acute
tooth, lower angle into a ciliated, blunt, linear-oblong lobe.
Stigma narrow-lanceolate, occupying middle third of column,
its upper, angle toothed.
This species falls under Section Antennea, series Grandi-
florw, of the Flora australiensis. It is most closely related
to P. pedunculata, P. nana, and P. pyramidalis. From P.
pedunculata it is readily distinguished by the bracts upon the
stem, conspicuously large and leafy in P. Vereen, small in
P. pedunculata; by the labellum, narrow at the proximal end,
gradually increasing in width towards the distal end, whereas
in pedunculata the labellum is ovate, wide at the base and
narrowing towards the tip; by the stigma long and narrow-
lanceolate in the former species, short and ovate in the latter.
It differs from P. nana in the large bracts upon the stem;
361
ain the absence of a tooth between the conjoined sepals and
in the possession of an acute sinus as opposed to an obtuse
one in nana, in the labellum, which is short and bluntly
‘oblong in the latter species. P. pyramidalis possesses a tooth
between the conjoined sepals, a wide sinus, and a short, bluntly
oblong labellum. These features, as in the case of P. nana,
‘serve to distinguish it from the new species.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XVIII.
I. Caladenia Bryceana:—
Fig. 1.—Plant, natural size, side view.
Fig. 2.—Plant, natural size, front view.
Fig. 3.—Labellum, showing upper-surface with large basal
‘appendage.
Fig. 4.—Labellum from below, showing appendage and sig-
moidal middle lobe.
Fig. 5.—Labellum from side, showing appendage, sigmoidal
middle lobe, and the conspicuously raised calli on the lamina.
Figs. 6 and 7.—Two views of basal appendage (much enlarged).
Figs. 8, 9, and 10.—Showing the column from the front, back,
-and side respectively.
Il. Pterostylis Vereenw :—
Figs. 1 and 2.—The plant (natural size) from the side and
front respectively.
Figs. 3 and 4.—Column from the front and side.
Fig. 5.—Labellum, showing upper-surface with mesial ridge
and basal appendage.
Fig. 6.—Labellum, showing lower-surface with longitudinal
furrow and claw.
Fig. 7.—Labellum from the side.
Fig. 8.—Penicillate basal appendage (Gilareeaye showing
recurved middle lobe and the two lateral lobes.
362
RADULA OF SOME SOUTH AUSTRALIAN GASTEROPODA.
By CuaupEe M. Torr.
(Communicated by J. C. Verco, M.D., F.R.C.S.)
[Read October 8, 1914.]
IPTATES XOX aAnw, ROX
RACHIGLOSSA.
TROPHON FLINDERSI, Adams and Angas.
Pip sax Nowlin <2 as
Dental formula—;;-. Radula translucent, thread-like.
Central tooth with fine even strong cusps. Laterals single,
large, and shaped something lke a jawbone.
FASCIOLARIA AUSTRALASIA, Perry.
IB, say INO 7, X 250.
Dental formula—{;-. Radula very small compared with
the size of the shell, rather translucent. Central tooth
rectangular, with three small cusps, the middle one being
double. Laterals very large, with ten strong cusps and one
diminutive cusp closely adjoining the central tooth. Only the
central and one lateral are drawn.
FASCIOLARIA FUSIFORMIS, Valenciennes.
Plax NOs ox o0!
Dental formula -;3-. Almost identical with F. austral-
asia, 1n which the trifling difference, the doubling of the
middle cusp of the central tooth, is only occasional.
TAINIOGLOSSA.
CYPRHA ANGUSTATA, var. declivis, Sowerby.
I Milgroi hI, Sh 3¢ FEO:
Dental formula~;;~. Teeth relatively large and coarse.
Central tooth with one large cusp and a small one on each
side, also two small cusps on its base. The laterals are tri-
cuspid, the central cusp being large and blunt; in its great
breadth the base is very similar to that of the central tooth.
The marginals are very solid. The drawing given in Cooke,
Shipley, and Reed’s Cambridge Natural History, Molluscs
363
and Brachiopods, 1895, p. 222, fig. 127, of C. tigris, Linné,
shows no secondary cusps on the marginals.
RHIPIDOGLOSSA.
MEGATEBENNUS CONCATENATUS, Crosse and Fischer.
Pie xix. No., 3.
Dental formula =—=""*. The central teeth consist of
one broad median tooth with four smaller on each side, the
fourth from the centre tooth having a truncated apex. The
single lateral is very large, tricuspid, overlapping the centrals.
The marginals represented by « (infinity) in the formula,
are in two rows, each of twenty-one very fine long teeth,
serrated at their extremities and fixed at their base along one
side of a triangular plate, the rows parallel to the side of the
radula. This is bilaterally asymmetrical, and the chief
characteristic is the huge size of the single lateral. Three
specimens of small, medium, and large size had 40, 43, and
50 rows of teeth respectively, the number increasing with the
growth of the animal, but not proportionally, as does the
size of the individual teeth.
LUCAPINELLA OBLONGA, Menke.
Pk eerxc NOs On DOO:
Dental formula—7““2*"*. Radula bilaterally asymmet-
rical, single lateral very large and very few marginals.
Central teeth of nearly equal size, the top is more attenuated
in the outermost one than in the others, the last two are
peculiar in having a small flange which overlaps the next
inner tooth near its base. The single lateral large and multi-
cuspid. Two rows of marginals, long and serrated at their
upper ends, and fixed at their bases along one side of an
elongate rhomboidal plate run parallel to the length of the
radula: each row has nine teeth.
EMARGINULA CANDIDA, H. Adams.
Pl. xix.§ Nos 44 xi800:
Dental formula « .1.(4.1.4).1.«. Radula small, bilaterally
asymmetrical. Median tooth of centrals broad; outermost
tooth narrower than the three adjoining it, and with a
flange overlapping the next inner tooth near its base. The
single lateral, bicuspid, blunt, and larger than the centrals.
Marginals, of two rows, each of twelve long fine teeth, ser-
rated at the end, with their bases fixed to the side of a plate,
through two parallel rows of minute plates, and parallel to
the length of the radula. Dr. Paul Fischer (Man. de Conch.,
364
fig. 604, p. 859) regards the large plate to which the marginals:
are joined as an extra tooth.
EMARGINULA DILECTA, A. Adams.
Pl exix No. AO Mosier
Dental formula*"";;°"~. Radula delicate, bilaterally
asymmetrical. Middle tooth of centrals, broad; the outer-
most with two flanges, one overlaping the next inner tooth,
the other extending behind the lateral. All the centrals have
a very fine serrated edge like the teeth of a saw. The single
lateral large and bicuspid. Marginals, in two parallel rows
of seven each, with their bases attached to the outer side of a
small plate, parallel to the length of the radula.
PHASIANELLA AUSTRALIS, Gmelin.
Pla exix: Nos oa andiobpe sata 0:
Dental formula = 55.2 Radula very coarse, dark-red;
details hard to see owing to its opacity. Central tooth narrow
and inconspicuous. Five laterals rectangular, with a single
blunt cusp; the three outer with a distinct flange lying behind.
the next inner tooth. Marginals with one remarkably devel-
oped cusp almost as large as their bases. The first marginal
differs slightly from the rest in having its cusp smaller, with
a second blunt one at its base, which fits into a socket in the
second marginal. This second marginal has two of these small
blunt cusps, and as the marginals diminish in size the number
of these cusps increases till there are four or five, and at last
are as large as the primary cusp which has gradually decreased.
A separate figure (pl. xix., No. 5a) is given of the first three-
marginals, to show the intricate manner in which they
interlock.
PHASIANOTROCHUS IRISODONTES, Quoy and Gaimard.
Plyxix., Now6; >< :200)
Dental formulam““=""“. Of the central teeth the
middle one is peculiar. in having a double flange at its base,
and two small cusps on each side of the large cusp, which is.
broad and rounded at the end. The five adjoining central
teeth have a large cusp with the two small cusps only on the
side further from the middle tooth, and have a single flange
on the outer side of the basal plate in front of the plate
outside it. The single lateral is dwarfed in size and rudi-
mentary in shape. The marginals have one cusp with a very
fine serrated edge, and a long narrow base. They gradually
decrease in size, and are very numerous.
365
MiINOLIA PREISSIANA, Philippi.
Piss." No. 1, x 3800.>..
Dental formula «.1.(5.1.5.).1.2. Radula very fine and
thread-like. Of the central teeth the middle tooth is broad and
has a flange on each side of its base, the rest have each one cusp
with a fine serrated edge and a single flange on its outer
side; the outermost differs shghtly from its fellows. The single
lateral is small and simple. The marginals have long narrow
bases, and two cusps, of which the larger has a serrated edge.
DOCOGLOSSA.
HELCIONISCUS LimBATUS, Philippi.
PioxeNen EL x 250.
Dental formula ==“3?"" . Radula of very great length,
in coils. Three central teeth, the median tooth indistinct
with a long cusp, the outer tooth has a single strong hook-like
cusp, very dark in colour. The single lateral bicuspid, one
large sharp cusp, and a minute one at its root. Marginals
three, united, the two outer small and simple, the innermost
with a small apical curled cusp : all have a small pointed cusp
at their base.
PATELLA USTULATA, Reeve.
Billy xeckh Now 2 ot 200:
1.1.(2.1.2).1.1 . °
Dental formula— |. Radula narrow, ribbon-like-
Central teeth alike, with one large curved cusp on a narrow
small base: the median tooth is the smallest. Single lateral
transverse, plate-like, with four small unequal cusps. Mar-
ginal tooth small and simple. There are usually three
marginals in this genus. Dr. Paul Fischer (Man. de Conch.,
fig. 610) shows no truly central tooth in P. vulgata, Linné,
but three marginals. Cooke, Shipley, etc., op. cit., fig. 131,
show in P. cretacea the same number of central teeth, but
only two marginals.
PATELLA ACULEATA, Reeve.
Pl. xxz Noy 3. < 200.
Dental formula>—==*. Radula very long, cusps of
central and lateral teeth of a deep-red horn colour. Median
tooth of the five centrals slightly the largest ; each has a large
curved cusp nearly as big as its more transparent base.
Single lateral transverse, plate-like, with four unequal cusps.
Three marginals, with small cusps, and almost invisibly
transparent.
366
ACMA CRUGCIS, Tenison-Woods.
Bl ax No... 7.
Dental formula ““"""" . Radula long, composed of a
double row of oblong blocks in pairs, on each of which rests
a central tooth, having a large curved cusp at its apex, and
a small one at the base, both long and sharp. Fig 7a shows
the blocks of cartilage; fig. 76 the teeth in profile.
ACMA SEPTIFORMIS, Quoy and Gaimard.
Pivexxs SNoie 9:
Dental formula °°°"""°. Radula practically identical
with that of A. crucis, the cartilage blocks are shorter and
denser, and the upper cusp is slightly larger.
ACM#A MARMORATA, Tenison- Woods.
Pl. xx., No. 8.
Dental formula ““S**". Radula very similar to that of
A. crucis, but the upper and lower cusps are more nearly
equal in size. |
ACMHA SUBUNDULATA, Angas.
IPE xs INO Oe oOUs
Dental formula ““"*". Radula very similar to that of
A. crucis, the teeth and cartilage blocks are smaller, propor-
tionally to the size of the pee me shells.
‘BULLOIDEA..
BULLA AUSTRALIS, Gray.
eee Blwexxny No: 12.
Dental formula 1.2.1.2.1. Radula shows a peculiar claw-
Tee form of the central and lateral teeth. The single central
occupies more than one-third of the row, having about eleven
cusps on a long plate-like base’ in the form of ‘a rake any of
them may be: double, generally the central cusp’ is small, the
adjoining two large, ‘and the rest of gradually decreasing size.
The laterals have each about seven cusps of varying size along
the top of an irregular indistinct subtrigonal plate. The mar-
ginal is a simple non-cuspidate plate.
- SIPHONARIOIDEA. | |
SIPHONARIA DIEMENENSIS, Quoy and Gaimard.
Pl. xx.,; No. (5; ox 600:
Dene formula ~53~. Radula relatively very broad,
about 79 teeth in a row, about 14,615 altogether. Central
tooth with a single sharp cusp on a long narrow bifurcated
367
base very difficult to distinguish. Laterals 18, with a very
long large cusp, on a short thick base: fig. 56 is a side view.
The 21 marginals gradually diminish till extremely small.
They are tricuspid, one cusp very large and blunt, and one
very small on each side near its base. The basal plates of the
marginals are small and indistinct. 8S. tristensis, Sowerby
(fig. 278, Fischer’s Man. de Conch.), shows a secondary small
cusp on the laterals.
SIPHONARIA BACONI, Reeve.
PREixxe Now 4) x 450.
Dental formula 222229 Radula broad, yellowish. Cen-
tral tooth with one cusp on a long narrow bifurcated base.
Laterals 13, with one very large blunt cusp on a small base.
It is rather difficult to determine where the marginals begin,
but there are about 19, tricuspid with one large median cusp
and two small ones on a very diminutive base. They gradually
decrease in size to a small rectangular plate with a tiny
abutment on the lower side.
GADINIA ANGASI, Dall.
Bivexx:, No.6. < 1000:
Dental formula ~;,~- Radula delicate, teeth extremely
small. Marginals and laterals are so alike that they have been
grouped together as 30 marginals. Central tooth with one
dark, pointed cusp on a slightly broader base. Marginals
bicuspid, with one very long sharp cusp and a minute one,
fixed to a small basal plate (in profile in fig. 60). The teeth
gradually lessen in size, and become shapeless. The large
tusk-like apearance of the big cusp of the marginals is a
striking feature.
EXPLANATION OF PLATES.
Prate XIX.
1. Radula of Trophon flindersi, Ads. and Ang.
2. Pe Fasciolaria fusiformis, Valenciennes.
3. $3 Megatebennus concatéenatus, Crosse and Fischer.
A, me Emarginula candida, H. Adams.
oa. Ns Phasianella australis, Gmelin; also 5b.
6 pe Phasianotrochus irisodontes, Quoy and Gaimard.
ti Pe Fasciolaria australasia, Perry.
8. 5 Cyprea angustata, var. declivis, Sowerby.
9 3 Lucapinella oblonga, Menke.
10. Fy Emarginula dilecta, A. Adams.
368
Piatt XX.
1. Radula of Alinolia preissiana, Philippi.
2.
99
3)
Patella ustulata, Reeve.
nS aculeata, Reeve.
Siphonaria baconi, Reeve.
~ diemenensis, Quoy and Gaimard.
Gadima angasi, Dall.
Acmea crucis, Tenison-Woods.
ihe marmorata, Tenison-Woods.
$5 septiformis, Quoy and Gaimard.
a subundulata, Angas.
Helcioniscus limbatus, Philippi.
Bulla australis, Gray.
369
NOTES ON AUSTRALIAN TENEBRIONIDA, WITH
DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES.
By H. J. Carrer, B.A., F.E.8., Corresponding Member.
[Read October 8, 1914.]
CESTRINUS TUBERCULATUS, n. sp.
Rather widely oval; opaque brownish-black above and
below; antenne, palpi, and tarsi red.
Head densely rugosely asperate, received rather
deeply into the prothorax; epistoma short, obliquely
rounded at sides, its suture deeply impressed and
straight; ocular canthus as wide as the eyes, and not at all
impinging on their sides; eyes round and rather prominent ;
antenne not, or scarcely, extending to base of prothorax, stout,
joint 3 as long as 4-5 combined, 4-8 moniliform, 9 longer than
8 and widened at apex, 10 as wide as long, 11 ovate, larger .
than preceding. Prothoraz 24x34 mm., widest at middle,
arcuate-emarginate at apex, slightly bisinuate at base; anterior
angles produced and acute, posterior subdentate and acute;
sides rather widely rounded and sinuate behind, finely serrated
anteriorly, coarsely denticulate-serrate posteriorly; disc un-
even, densely and coarsely rugosely asperate, with very short
bristly hairs; its margins a little explanate but not differen-
tiated from disc, medial line clearly impressed, and two foveate
depressions near centre. Hlytra more convex than usual in
the genus, wider than prothorax at base; shoulders rather
square, prominent and slightly reflexed ; apical declivity some-
what steep, sides sinuate towards apex; disc closely and
strongly tuberculate, each tubercle bearing a short sub-
recumbent hair; each elytron with four equidistant costz,
besides a sutural costa, composed of closely-placed larger
tubercles; the fourth costa, seen from above, giving a finely-
serrated outline to the elytra: Epipleurze, abdomen, and legs
coarsely punctate; prosternum coarsely vermiculately rugose ;
flanks of meso- and metasternum with large round punctures ;
posterior intercoxal process widely rounded; prosternum con-
vex, its process little produced and simple. Dimensions—
74-84 x 34-32 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia: York (Mr. H. Giles), Harvey
(the author).
Four specimens were sent me some time ago by Mr. Henry
Giles, labelled “York, 1-X.-’08.,” and since taken by myself
in January, 1914. It is the only other costate species besides
370
('. costatus, Geb.; which is much smaller, lighter in colour,
with six costae on each elytron, and non-tuberculate elytra.
Specimens of costatws were also sent by Mr. Giles from Mun-
daring, Western Australia. There is no evident sexual dis-
tinction in the specimens. Type in author’s collection.
CESTRINUS (ADELODEMUS) EXCISICOLLIS, Cart.
Since describing this species, [ have seen two specimens.
One from Herr Gebien, labelled “Silver Valley, N.
Queensland,” is so different that I described it under another
name. ‘This insect is smaller than the type, 10 x 4°3 mm. (the
type is 15 x6 mm.), is of a darker colour, with a smaller and
less angulate excision of the base of prothorax. The second
specimen, lately sent from the Melbourne Museum, is labelled
“Claudie R., N. Queensland,’’ and is intermediate in
size and shape of prothorax between the former two. For
the present, therefore, I consider them as conspecific, and the
species to be variable in size and, to some degree, in form.
The sculpture is indistinct, but the definite features are the
same in all three specimens. It is apparently—from analogy—
a denizen of the “scrub” or “brush” country, and it is very
possible that the habitat, Gippsland (as given me by Mr. Giles
for a specimen sent me for determination), was erroneous.
The type was given to me by Mr. C. French without specified
locality.
CDIUS TUBERCULATUS, Nn. sp.
Ovate, convex; brownish-black, clothed with short.
squamose derm. !
/lead—Kpistoma semi-circularly excised in middle, deeply
received into the thorax, surface rugose, antennz very short,
joints compact, and very little enlarged at apex. Prothorax
1°5x3 mm., semi-circularly emarginate at apex, widest and
bisinuate at base ; sides rounded and converging without sinua-
tion from base to apex ; anterior angles rounded, posterior sub-
rectangular; margins somewhat -explanate, but not separated
or differentiated from the disc; surface rugose and asperate.
Scutellum not evident. Hlytra of same width as prothorax at
base, ovate, widest behind the middle, margins not visible from
above, covered with short close hair; each elytron with three
rows of round, slightly raised, flattened tubercles; under-side
rugose punctate, legs short, anterior tibiz curved, widely
expanded and clavate at apex, with a wide dentate emargina-
tion and some fine serrations on outside edge, other tibie
straight. Dimensions—6 x 3°5 mm. .
Hab.—Queensland: Townsville (H. Brown).
371
Readily distinguished from C. spharoides, Pasc., by the
rows of tubercles on the elytra and by its rougher surface.
Otherwise in size and form the two species are very similar,
Type in author’s collection.
BYRSAX COX, n. sp.
Oblong, convex; reddish-brown, antennz and tarsi red,
upper-surface clothed with short tomentum.
/lead with two nearly straight, diverging horns, finely
serrated at base on the inside, on apical half on the outside
edge; antenne short, apical four joints strongly transverse.
Prothorax sharply raised in middle, with two prominently-
raised branching tubercles on middle anterior, two large
tubercles behind these, and other smaller conical tubercles
irregularly scattered on disc ; margins wide, their edges deeply
toothed. /lytra of same width as prothorax at base; humeri
prominent toothed and advanced, the edges finely and closely
dentate throughout; margins rather wide in front, obsolete at
apex ; seriate punctate, the series close, the punctures large and
round, the intervals with conical tubercles irregularly placed.
Under-side rugose punctate. Dimensions—d x 2°5 mm.
Hab.—Sydney (H. Cox).
A single male was generously given me by its discoverer,
and differs from 4. pinnaticollis, Cart., in its narrower form,
straight horns, larger elytral punctures, and its dentate not
crenulate sides of prothorax and elytra. Type in author’s col-
lection.
PTEROHELZUS DENTICOLLIS, n. sp.
Elongate, subparallel, depressed ; black, moderately nitid ;
palpi, antennz, and tarsi piceous-red.
Head—Labrum emarginate ; epistoma truncate with corners
rounded, forming a sinuous curve with canthus ; suture limited
to two oblique impressions at the sides; space: between eyes
about the length of third antennal joint; rather finely punc-
tured, with three larger punctures on forehead; antenne
robust, just reaching base of prothorax ; joints 3-6 ‘obconic, 3
as long as 4-5 combined, 7-11 gradually enlarged, the three
penultimate transversely oval, 11 as long as wide. Prothorax
5 x 10 mm. (length measured in the middle), widest near base,
arcuate-emarginate. at. apex, the anterior angles strongly
produced outwards into.an acute tooth; sides sinuate behind
tooth, then arcuately widening till near the posterior angle,
this forming a short acute tooth produced backward; base
bisinuate ; lateral margins widely explanate, extreme border
narrowly reflexed at sides and apex ; disc with some large and
small punctures irregularly scattered, and five foveate impres-
sions—two lateral elongate, two basal irregular, and a faint
32
apical central fovea, the medial line apparent on front half.
Scutellum wide, curvilinear triangular, minutely punctate.
Elytra 15 x 114 mm., less wide than prothorax at base, humeral’
angles obtuse ; sides subparallel on basal half, widening behind,
and not at all sinuate at apex; explanate margins narrow
throughout with narrowly-reflexed border; each elytron with
four equidistant coste, the last on the sides, besides the sub-
costate alternate intervals, and seventeen rows (besides a short
scutellary row) of large squarely-cut punctures, separated by
raised subreticulate intervals; the punctures larger and
rounder on sides, smaller and subobsolete at extreme apex.
Abdomen with basal segments coarsely, the two apical segments.
minutely punctate, the larger punctures of the former bearing
short erect reddish hairs; meso- and metasternum similarly
clothed, the prosternum, episterna, and epipleure quite smcoth,
posterior intercoxal process acutely triangular. T7bse punctate,
their interior edge pilose, the front and intermediate tarsi with
three, the posterior with two basal joints greatly enlarged,
and padded beneath with red tomentum. Damensions—
23 x 114 mm.
Hab.—Queensland.
A single specimen, male, in the National Museum, Mel-.
bourne, presented by Captain Sumter, is the finest and most.
easily identified of the group to which it belongs, sect. 11., sub-
sect. 1.,{) by the following characters :—(1) Strongly dentate
anterior angles of prothorax (even more so than the very
different in other respects acuticollis, Macl., or sprnicollis,
Macl.); (2) coarsely punctate elytra (the series contain larger
punctures than in any Pteroheleus known to me, and these
so closely packed as to be contiguous except for the raised
intervals) ; (3) the abnormally-enlarged basal-joints of the tarsi
(it is a pity that a female specimen is not at hand to see how
far this is merely sexual; I have seen nothing like it in the
whole genus).
PTEROHELZUS RUBESCENS, Nn. Sp.
Ovate, more than usually convex; dark reddish-brown.
above, with a primrose bloom; palpi and tarsi a shade lighter ;
underside a shade darker.
Head closely and clearly punctate; labrum prominent;
epistoma straight in front, sides oblique, raised and continuous:
with canthus ; tumid and convex anteriorly, depressed on fore-
head; the separating suture arcuate and distinct; eyes close:
(separated by a distance equal to the length of the first anten-.
nal joint); antennz not reaching base of prothorax, 3 not as:
long as 4-5 combined, 8-10 oval not transverse, 11 twice as:
@) Proe., Lann.Soe8 INS. W.5, U9EOs po 125:
373
long as 10. VProthorax 34x8 mm., arcuate-emarginate at
apex; anterior angles advanced but widely rounded, sides.
arcuately widened to base, posterior angles acute and very
slightly produced ; base bisinuate, explanate margins wide and
concave, extreme border narrowly raised on sides and apex ;
disc very convex, closely and clearly punctate; medial line
rather deeply impressed and terminating apically in a tri-
angular depression; two large and deeply-impressed basal
fovee, and two more irregular fovee at the anterior corners.
Scutellum transverse, curvilinear triangular, raised in middle,
foveate on each side. Hlytra ovate, very convex, wider than
prothorax at base, humeral angle obtuse, horizontal margins
wide for the greater part, rather abruptly narrowed towards
apex ; disc very gibbous in humeral region; each elytron with
seventeen rows, besides a short scutellary row, of large round
punctures, closely placed, the lateral row larger than the rest,
the punctures becoming smaller towards suture and apex, also
some confused punctures at base; all intervals slightly convex,
the fifth and ninth wider than the rest, the former costate on
the basal two-thirds ; epipleurze very concave, with a crenulate
sulcus running throughout its middle. Abdomen strongly stri-
gose-punctate; metasternum finely punctate; prosternum
rugose. Dimensions—15-16 x 9-10 mm.
Hab.—South Queensland: Tambourine Mountain (the
author); Blackbutt (R. J. Tillyard).
_Two specimens, the sexes, under examination. The strong
convexity, colour, and bloom on a fresh specimen gives it the
superficial appearance of Hncara nigrum, Cart. It belongs to
sect. 11., sub-sect. 111., of my table (near sternalis, Cart., con-
fusus, Macl.), and can be distinguished from its allies by the
following combination :—(1) Colour (when the bloom is re-
moved) nitid dark-brown with a reddish tinge; (2) great con-
vexity ; (3) crowded state of the punctures both longitudinally
and transversely, with the comparatively large size of the indi-
vidual punctures (between four punctures in two adjacent
series there would be only room for a single puncture) ; (4) the
convexity of the interstices and the marked width and con-
vexity of the fifth interval ; (5) nonpustulose metasternum.
PTEROHELZEUS CYLINDRICUS, Nn. Sp.
Elongate-parallel, very convex laterally ; black, moderately
nitid; antenne and tarsi red; tarsi and tibie thickly clothed
with golden tomentum.
/Tead—Epistoma wide, rounded and reflexed in front and
sides, its curve continuous with the canthus, its suture only
indicated by oblique lines at the sides; sparsely punctate ; eyes
separated by a distance less than the diameter of one; antennz
374
not reaching the base of prothorax, gradually widening to
apex, joint 3 shorter than 4-5 combined, 5-8 obconic, 9-11 oval.
Prothoraz 45x 9mm. (length measured in middle), widest at
base, arcuate-emarginate at apex, bisinuate at base; anterior
angles very widely rounded, sides arcuately diverging to base,
posterior angles very acute and produced; explanate margins
wide, concave in front, not separated or differentiated from
disc ; the latter very minutely, not closely punctate, with a
faint depressed medial line. Scwtellwm large, triangular, dis-
tinctly punctate. Hlytra as wide as prothorax at base and
about three and a quarter times as long, parallel, subcylindric,
becoming more convex apically; lateral margin very narrow,
but of uniform width throughout; humeral angle obtuse and
clearly defined, extreme border nitid and reflexed; seriate-
punctate, with eighteen rows of punctures, rather larger and
more distant than in P. planus, Bless., the rows tending to
become confused and obliterated at base, and obsolete at apex ;
intervals flat on the middle, the alternate intervals beginning
with the ninth variably and slightly convex, a depression on
each side at the base, and (in one example) depressed behind
the scutellum ; prosternum carinate and together with the sides
of metasternum slightly granulose. Abdomen striolate; tibre
coarsely punctate. Dimensions—18-21 x 8°5-9°5 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Marmor (H. W. Brown).
Mr. Brown took a number of this species at Marmor. It
belongs to sect. 11. of my table, and should be placed near
elongatus, Macl., which differs markedly in having all its alter-
nate intervals sharply costate and the seriate punctures very
large. Type in author’s collection.
PTEROHELEZUS OPACUS, N. Sp.
_ Elongate, subparallel, convex; opaque-black above, nitid
beneath; antenne and tarsi red, the latter and, the tibize
clothed with bright-red tomentum.
Head very wide across the middle ; epistoma widely
arcuate, and continuous with the rounded and strongly-raised »
canthus ; depressed below the level of the forehead and separ-
ated from it by an arcuate suture; surface strongly punctate ;
eyes separated by a distance equal to the diameter of one;
antenne rather long and stout, extending to the base of
prothorax, joint 3 shorter than 4-5 combined, cylindric, 4-8
obconic, 9-10 nearly round, 11 oblong ovate. Prothoraz
55 x9 mm., widest at base, ‘arcuate- -emarginate at apex; an-
terior angles widely rounded, bisinuate at base, posterior angles
widely acute, scarcely produced, sides arcuately diverging to
(2) Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1910, p. 125.
375
base ; explanate margins wide and horizontal, extreme border
narrow and not raised, the whole densely and rather coarsely
punctate, a central depression scarcely indicated. Scutellum
transversely triangular, densely punctate. Hlytra as wide as
prothorax at base and two and a half times as long, widest at
base, and very gradually narrowing hindwards, moderately
convex, lateral declivity from the suture pronounced, shoulders
slightly reflexed and obtusely angulate, horizontal margins
moderately wide and continuous to the apex, each elytron
separately rounded there; seriate-punctate, with about
eighteen rows of moderate punctures placed at a distance of
the. diameter of one (their size intermediate between those
of cylindricus and elongatus, Macl.), the alternate intervals
subcostate (much less so than in P. elongatus), the punctures
becoming confused and irregular at base, and obliterated at
apex, a smooth space on each side of suture. Submentum
rugose, prosternum coarsely transversely rugose, metasternum
pustulose. Abdomen and legs rather coarsely and closely punc-
tate ; anterior tarsi very wide. Dimensi_ns—19 x9 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Rockhampton (Captain Sumter).
A single specimen, male, in the Australian Museum,
Sydney, is another ally of P. elongatus, Macl., but differs
in having a strongly punctate pronotum, its alternate intervals
less sharply costate, and its tapering form inter multa alia.
Type in Australian Museum, Sydney.
PTEROHELEUS VESTITUS, N. Sp.
Shortly ovate; cinnamon-brown; the whole surface above
and beneath clothed with pale-reddish recumbent hair; tarsi
and antenne red.
Head—Epistoma short, rounded, its suture straight and
finely marked; eyes small, widely separated; antennz short,
the last four joints enlarged. Prothorax 2x4 mm., semi-
circularly-emarginate; the acute anterior angles extending in
front of the eyes, base strongly bisinuate, posterior angles
produced backwards and rather widely acute; sides evenly
rounded, explanate margins wide and horizontal; disc minutely
punctate, the punctures obscured ‘by the short hairy clothing ;
a smooth medial line indicated. Scwtellwm curvilinear-tri-
angular. Hlytra as wide as prothorax at base and three times
as long, ovate and convex, striate-punctate, the strie well
defined, the punctures therein small and close, intervals flat,
minutely setose-punctate. Sternum punctate, legs punctate-
setose, fore tibiz rather wide. Dimensions—8'5-9 x 4°5-5 mm.
Hab.—South Australia: Flinders Range (Australian
Museum, Sydney).
376
Two specimens in the Australian Museum, Sydney, be-
long to sub-sect. iv., as tabulated,‘S) and come nearest to P.
thymeloides, Macl., which is a more oval and convex insect.
Type in Australian Museum, Sydney.
HELHUS BIMARGINATUS, Nn. sp.
Elongate-ovate ; opaque-brown ; sparsely clothed with short
scaly hairs of a rusty-red colour; legs and tarsi more densely
but similarly clad.
Head setose, with a few large punctures; a transverse
sulcus in front of the eyes, the latter approximate and nearly
concealed by prothorax ; antennz, with joint 3 as long as 4-5-6
combined, 4-7 obconic, 8 triangular, 9-10 very transverse,
11 nearly round. Prothorax 85x12 mm., the anterior pro-
cess wide but pointed, not meeting at apex, widest and
bisinuate at base, sides evenly and arcuately converging to
apex, explanate margins wide and oblique, its extreme edge,
viewed sideways, laminate, posterior angles acute; surface
setose and finely pustulose with raised nitid central carina,
faintly undulate in outline, raised and rostrate behind; not
quite extending to the anterior margin. Scutellum tyrans-
versely triangular. Hlytra of same width as prothorax at base,
subparallel on anterior half, widely rounded behind ; humeral
angle obtuse and prominent; margins strongly reflexed and
vertical, following the humeral angle at base as far as the
lateral row of pustules, the apical half of margin branching and
duplicated to the apex, this double border irregularly crenu-
lated and separated by a sulcus, but uniting again at a some-
what nodulose apex; the edges of elytra, viewed sideways,
vertical, with a crenulate margin above and below (the lower
formed by the epipleural fold), this vertical edge gradually
widening towards apex, from less than $ mm. at the shoulders
to nearly 2 mm. at the apex; the whole margin strongly up-
turned with a wide concavity within, this concavity deepest
and most marked at apex; disc bicostate with two slightly
crenulate and nitid coste, diverging at but not quite reaching
base, parallel on anterior two-thirds, converging on apical
declivity, again parallel and continuous almost to extreme
apex, there terminating in a raised acute tooth; a lateral row
of conical pustules, distinct and separated, extending from the
humeral region to apex. Under-side roughly shagreened, setose
with patches of red indumentum, epipleure nearly smooth,
prosternum rugose, with a central carina and anterior margin
subnodulose. Dimensions—23 x 12°5 mm.
Hab.—Western Australia: Lake Austin (H. Brown).
(3) Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1911, p. 180.
377
Very like H. derbyensis, Macl., in colour, shape, and
integument, but differing in some remarkable characters, of
which the following are the most striking:—(1) Duplicated
margin of elytra; (2) vertical lateral edge of elytra greatly
increasing in width from shoulders to apex; (3) elytral coste
almost continuous from base to apex, terminating in promi-
nently raised tooth (in all the other bicostate species these
coste terminate abruptly or gradually merge into the general
surface) ; (4) the pronounced concavity within the lateral mar-
gins, and much exaggerated—almost spoon-like—at apex.
Type in author’s collection.
HELAUS CYCLIFORMIS, Nn. sp.
Very widely ovate, strongly convex; opaque brownish-
black; sparsely clothed above and beneath with squamose
clothing of a rusty-red colour.
H ead-—Epistoma limited behind by straight impression ;
surface mostly concealed by derm, scarcely .punctate; eyes
small, transverse, and almost concealed by prothorax ; antennz
with joint 3 as long as 4-5-6 combined, apical four joints trans-
verse and rounded. SProthorax 6x12 mm., widest at base;
anterior processes sharp, grooved above (falcate), not quite
meeting in front, sinuate at their junction with the widely-
rounded sides, posterior angles very acute and slightly over-
lapping the elytra, base bisinuate; foliate margins wide, flat
behind, becoming concave in front, extreme border reflexed
and thin (viewed sideways), slightly rounded and continuous
with the under-surface; disc finely shagreened and squamose
in patches, a thin lightly-raised central carina, obsolete at apex,
raised towards the base with a blunt subconical erection (in
the female specimen more raised and defined than in the male).
Scutellum very transverse. Hlytra 12x14 mm., wider than
prothorax at base, convex, shoulders rounded, widest behind
middle; surface rough, with shallow setose punctures, bearing
short red hairs, a row of large punctures in a lateral sulcus ;
explanate margins wide in front, narrowed at apex, extreme
border reflexed (viewed sideways), narrowly convex and not
continuous with under-surface; bicostate, with two subparallel
coste, diverging at but continuous to base, abruptly terminated
at the apical declivity, the suture also ‘carinate throughout.
Under-surface finely shagreened and squamose; prosternum
finely rugose, not carinate. Hind tibie with short, close hairs;
all tibie with two long apical spines. Dimensions—
16-17 x 13-14 mm.
H1ab.—Western Australia: Lake Austin (H. W. Brown).
378
While standing nearest to H. perrom, Bois., in my
table,‘4) it is a much larger, wider, and more convex insect, with
a smoother surface. Its general form is nearer that of
Sympetes orbicularis, Bréme. Type in author’s collection.
SARAGUS SUBSTRIATUS, N. sp.
Ovate ; opaque brownish-black ; antennz and tarsi piceous.
Head—Epistoma rounded, reflexed, but not angulate at
sides, the limiting suture arcuate, subobsolete in the middle,
very minutely punctate, eyes widely separated, antennz
moderately enlarged at apex, joint 3 as long as 4-5 combined,
4-7 obconic, 8-10 nearly round, 11 oval. Prothorax4x9mm.,
widest at base, arcuate-emarginate at apex; anterior angles
widely rounded, base strongly bisinuate, posterior angles acute
and strongly produced; sides arcuately widened to base; ex-
planate margins wide, subhorizontal, lateral reflexed border
very thin; disc smooth, with a faint central depressed line.
Scutellum transverse, triangular. Llytra as wide as prothorax
at base, ovate and convex, shoulders obsolete, horizontal lateral
margin moderately wide, but narrowed at apex, extreme border
narrowly reflexed; with seventeen thin, somewhat erratic,
lines of small punctures, forming here and there distinct striz;
the seventeenth, or lateral, row containing large punctures
continuous to the apex; the other rows becoming obliterated
at base and apex, and a little irregular at base; intervals
everywhere quite flat, the first, fifth, ninth, and thirteenth
distinctly wider than the rest; prosternum convex, faintly
granulose at sides; metasternum finely rugose. Abdomen finely
and densely striolate, epipleure smooth. Dimensions—
17x10 mm.
Hab.—Upper Hunter.
A single specimen (female[ ?]) in the Australian Museum,
Sydney, is intermediate in form and sculpture between levis,
Macl., and geminatus, Macl. From the former it can be dis-
tinguished by (1) the distinct lines of punctures on the elytra,
and (2) the horizontal explanate margins of prothorax with
thin border. From geminatus, Macl., it is separated by its
quite flat elytral intervals. I found S. geminatus, Macl., very
common at Guyra, New South Wales, in December, 1910. Its
locality is also given as “Upper Hunter” by Macleay. Type in
Australian Museum, Sydney.
ONOSTERRHUS KENNEDYI, N. Sp.
Widely obovate, very convex ; brown, with patches of short
‘ssquamose clothing.
(4) Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1910, p. 94.
379
Head—Labrum emarginate and ciliate ; mandibles bifid at
apex; epistoma truncate, squarely rounded at sides, meeting
the canthus at an obtuse angle, foveately impressed within the
angles; suture wide, rugosely impressed ; canthus elongate and
slightly raised, surface clothed with rough derm; antenne
reaching base of prothorax, robust, scarcely thickened out-
wardly, joint 3 as long as 4-5 combined, 8-10 round, 11 twice
as long and wider than 10. Prothorax 6x9 mm., widely
emarginate at apex, wider at base than at apex, widest in the
middle; anterior angles produced and rather acutely rounded,
sides widely rounded, sinuate behind; posterior angles acute,
bluntly dentate; base truncate; lateral margins widely hori-
zontal, slightly wrinkled, extreme border thin, not raised; disc
very gibbous, and beneath the derm strongly punctate, with
a more or less smooth medial line raised auteriorly. Scutellum
very transverse and thin. Hlytra 13x11 mm., very convex
and obovate, shoulders widely rounded, epipleural fold form-
ing a narrow reflexed border, depressed at suture, with three
slightly raised, smooth, rounded costz, the middle one shorter
than the others, the intervals irregularly and sparsely reticu-
lated and punctate, the punctures large, shallow, and more or
less in lines, these lines distinct on each side of the coste.
Abdomen strigose and with the femora finely punctate ; proster-
num transversely rugose, its process bluntly rounded at apex;
epipleuree smooth, submentum scarcely dentate, anterior
and posterior tarsi wanting or incomplete. Dumensions—
20x11 mm.
Hab.—Kastern Australia (New South Wales or Queens-
land).
A single veteran (sex ? ) in the Australian Museum, Syd-
ney, labelled ‘““Kennedy expedition,’’ probably from Warrego
River district, is a somewhat close ally of O. squamosus, Cart.,
but may be readily distinguished by the following differences :
—(1) Pronotum with much wider and more horizontal margins,
and less thickened border (seen sideways this is round and
rope-like in sguamosus, but thin and lamellate in kennedy); -
(2) the sharper and more produced angles of thorax; (3)
obovate elytra (in sguamosus ovate) ; (4) much stronger sculp-
ture of pronotum and elytra, the former also much more
gibbous. Type in Australian Museum, Sydney.
AXTHALIDES STEPHENI, n. Sp.
Oval; dull black above, nore nitid beneath; four apical
joints of antenne. ferruginous.
Head densely punctate ; labrum prominent and rounded at
sides ; epistoma truncate, its surface concave, with sides oblique
and almost continuous with the canthus, the latter little raised,
380
the separating suture arcuate and clearly defined, forehead
convex, less strongly punctate than, but equally denseiy as, the
epistoma; antenne with joint 3 as long as 4-5 combined, 4-7
obconic, 8-10 elongate-ovate, 11 ovate-acuminate. /Prothorax
41x74 mm., widest at middle, arcuate at apex, feebly
bisinuate at base, wider at base than at apex, sides moderately
and evenly rounded, slightly sinuate at hind angles, anterior
angles subrectangular and scarcely produced, posterior acute,
dentate, and pointing obliquely outwards; lateral border
strongly thickened and round, produced but narrowed and
abruptly ending on anterior part of front angle, rather widely
channelled inside this border; disc very densely and finely
punctate, like the forehead, with two faint foveate impressions
on centre of disc, and some equally faint transverse impressions
near base. Scutellum very transversely triangular. Llytra
of same width as elytra at base, shoulders widely rounded,
slightly obovate, with narrow horizontal margin and reflexed
border, each elytron with four wide and little raised coste,
besides the sutural costa, the fourth separated from the margin
by a row of large punctures, intervals vermiculately rugose
and strongly punctate, the punctures uneven in size and some-
times—as at the suture—in a lineal formation, the coste
somewhat crenulate from the large, but irregular, punctures
at their sides. The whole under-side finely and closely punc-
tate, prosternal process produced, channelled down its middle,
but not bifid at apex; mesosternal notch triangular; posterior
intercoxal process widely circular, its border raised ; submen-
tum widely notched in the middle, and with a small flat tooth
pointing forwards. Dimensions—18 x9 mm.
f1ab.—New South Wales: Howell (Inverell district).
A specimen sent me by Mr. J. F. Stephen, to whom I
dedicate it, differs from 47. marginipennis, Cart., in its more
even and densely punctate head and prothorax, the longer
third joint and lighter colour of antennz, the wider anterior
angles of prothorax, its thicker border, more dentate hind
angles, the elytral coste more defined, etc. It is much further
removed from all the other species of the genus. Type in
author’s collection.
AE: THALIDES COXI, nN. sp.
Widely ovate; nitid-black above, rather dull black
beneath.
Hlead very similar to .7’. stepheni, except in the following
particulars:—-Epistomal suture straight, its surface more
horizontal; canthus more raised and strongly furrowed within;
punctures more widely separated; forehead more rigid
381
between the eyes; antenne black, joints 9 and 10 distinctly
‘shorter, 11 oval not pointed at apex. VProthorax 5x8 mm.,
differs from stepheni as follows: —Nitid, less densely punctate
‘surface, anterior angles more widely lobate and acute (though
‘slightly rounded at apex), sides much more widely rounded
and more abruptly sinuate behind, the marginal channel wider
and more pronounced (the thickened border appearing broken
or subangulate on the inside at its widest part), two discal
fovee more pronounced, base indented near angles, posterior
tooth less outwardly directed. Llytra much more widely ovate,
widest in the middle, its costae much more sharply raised and
more crenulate; the vermiculate transverse intervals much
more coarsely impressed and nitid; the punctures less defined,
‘and more obscured by the irregular rugosity, the lateral row
of punctures less distinct and regular. Apical segments of
abdomen punctate, basal segments strongly striolate ; proster-
num punctate, its flanks nearly smooth, its process not chan-
nelled, its apex more rounded than in stepheni; submentum
nearly truncate in middle, unnotched, the lateral tooth almost
as in Onosterrhus, much larger and more prominent than in
stephent. Dimensions—18 x10 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Wollomombi (New England
district) (H. Cox).
A single specimen, sex doubtful (front tarsi wanting),
generously presented by its discoverer, differs from stephen,
as above. Its coarser sculpture, wider form, suggest an ap-
proach to Vyctozoidus, but the prothorax is very like that of
the preceding species, and also like that of some of the larger
species of Onosterrhus in its apparently nearly smooth surface
and thickly-rounded lateral border. The upper-surface of
both the above species is finely but distinctly punctured, in
stepheni the punctuation is exceptionally dense, while in coxi
it 18s more distant and distinct (no doubt owing to its nitid
surface). Type in author’s collection.
STYRUS REVOLUTUS, 0. sp.
Elongate-ovate; dull black, tarsi piceous, clothed below
with golden tomentum.
Head densely and evenly punctate; labrum square and
protuberant; epistoma straight in front, subrectangular
(slightly rounded) at sides, limiting suture deeply impressed ;
the epistoma forming an angle with the strongly-raised
canthus; antennze extending beyond the prothorax and setose,
joint 3 not quite as long as the next three combined, 8-10
rather squarely oval, 11 much longer than 10 elongate-ovate.
Prothoraz 5x6 mm. (length measured in middle), widest
382
behind the middle, much wider at base than at apex; anterior
angles strongly produced, acute and twisted ; sides sinuate in
front ; moderately widened behind middle, again converging
to the obtuse posterior angle ; margins strongly thickened and
raised almost vertically, concave within; apical and basal mar-
gins narrow; disc closely set with moderately large punctures,
and two fovee near the centre, with no indication of a middle
line. Scwtellum widely triangular, coarsely punctate. Hlytra
ovate and convex, of same width as prothorax at base and twice
as long, shoulders rounded; sides widening to behind the
middle, then rather rapidly converging, but separately rounded
at apex; each elytron with three (besides a short scutellary
one) shining, wavy costz, the scutellary costa meeting the next
at base, the second also continuous to the base, the third ter-
minating on the shoulder ; with irregular transverse vermicu-
late ridges; the suture also slightly raised and, with the costz
and ridges, distinctly punctate, the interspaces and depres-
sions with punctures of unequal size. Whole wnder-side and
legs densely and rather coarsely punctate, the punctures
largest on the meso- and metasternum, finest (but very dis-
tinct) on the epipleurz and legs; prosternum evenly convex,
its process rounded at apex. Dimensions—17x8 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Marmor district (?) (H. Brown).
A single specimen given me by its captor differs from the
other species markedly in its entire, thickened, and strongly
revolute margins to prothorax, with its surface more finely
punctured, its truncate base without any dentation or sinua-
tion, its thicker elytral costz (themselves distinctly punctate).
The form of the prothorax is somewhat as in Byallius reticu-
latus, Pasc., but the margins are much thicker, the anterior
angles more prominent, and the body is more convex than in
Byallius.
ONonycTUS, n. gen., NYCTOZOILIRARUM.
Head and thorax asin Byalliws; mandibles bifid, mentum
cordate; labrum emarginate and ciliate, displaying mem-
branous hinge; apical joints of all palpi widely securiform ; sub-
mentum as in Vyctozozlus,; intercoxal process widely and rather
squarely arched, its border carinate; prosternum convex, its
process rather flat, sulcate, and bordered at sides, rounded and
very little produced downwards at apex; mesosternum with
wide but shallow notch for its reception; epipleure narrow,
with square foveate impressions ; femora smooth ; tibiz without
line of tomentum, but scantily and shortly pilose; posterior
tarsi wanting; elytra coarsely punctate-sulcate; rest as in
Byalhus.
383
ONONYCTUS SULCATUS, n. sp.
Elongate-ovate; above dull black (elytra rather more nitid
than pronotum), under-side and legs nitid-black, apical joints
of antenne piceous-red, tarsi clothed with golden tomentum.
Head distinctly and evenly punctate; epistoma truncate,
limited behind by narrow straight furrow, the sides obtusely
angulate with canthus, the latter rounded and little raised ;
eyes transverse, bordered by a wide and rather deep sulcus,
this enlarged in front; forehead
flat; antenne extending beyond
base of prothorax, joint 3 as long
as 4-5 combined, 4-7 obconic, 8-10
short, transverse, and spheroidal,
11 ovoid one and a half times
longer than 10. Prothorax 5 x 53
mm., widest at middle, truncate
at apex, with narrow anterior
angles moderately produced and
subacute (border thickened and
apex blunted); sides gently and
evenly rounded, sinuate behind;
posterior angles slightly produced
and subacute; base truncate;
lateral border thickened towards
apex and base, widely but not
‘deeply channelled within; disc
rather convex and _ smooth,
minutely punctate (perceptible
only under lens, punctures much
smaller than on head), a thin
depressed medial line terminating
in a shallow depression near base.
Scutellum very transverse. Hlytra
‘obovate and very convex, twice as
long as prothorax, wider than it
at base; epipleural fold reflexed
and rounded at shoulders; sides
ovally widened to near apex,
%
\)
ONONYCTUS SULCATUS, Nl. sp.
then abruptly narrowing ; apical declivity steep ; lateral border
and channel narrow, punctate-sulcate with eight rows on each
elytron of subfoveate punctures, besides a row of elongate
punctures in lateral channel, the seriate punctures separated
by transverse and sometimes reticulate septx, the first seven
intervals (including the sutural) forming wide subcrenulate
‘cost, third and fifth connected on apical declivity, the two
sutural costz bifurcating behind scutellum and forming a
triangular excavation with a few (about four) large punctures
384
therein, the transverse septe less raised than the costz, the
two outside intervals more indefinitely raised and the reticu-
lation of septe more pronounced in this part; intervals
impunctate. Abdomen minutely punctate, its first three seg-
ments longitudinally strigose ; prosternum transversely strigose.
Legs rather slender, tibiz straight. Dimensions—17 x 8 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Narrabri.
A single specimen, probably male, was given me by m
friend, Mr. T. G. Sloane, some years ago. It is labelled
“‘Narrabri, Musson,’’ and has been withheld from description,
, partly through doubt as to its position and partly in the hope
of acquiring more specimens. It is remarkable in exhibiting
in its elytral sculpture a transitional form between the
punctate-striate and the reticulate, some of its intervals,
especially towards the sides, showing distinct reticulation,
v.e., two or three punctures (in a network of raised lines)
taking the place of a single puncture. Type in author’s
collection. .
ONOTRICHUS MINOR, Nn. sp.
Widely oval, convex; brownish-black, moderately nitid
above, more nitid beneath; antennze and tarsi reddish, the
apical joints of the former paler, the latter clothed with yellow
tomentum; whole surface above and below with long, fine,
upright hairs.
ff{ead—lLabrum emarginate and punctate ; epistoma trun-
cate and reflexed in front, making an angle with the canthus,
concave behind with scarcely defined sulcus, whole surface
coarsely rugose punctate; eyes small and partially concealed
by prothorax; antennz not reaching base of prothorax, apical
joints enlarged, joint 3 as long as 4-5 combined, 4-6 obconic,
7 triangular, 8-10 round, 11 ovate. Prothorax 4x7 mm.,
widest behind middle, arcuate at apex; anterior angles obtuse, .
slightly advanced, sides lightly sinuate in front and behind,
widely rounded; posterior angles cbtuse, scarcely produced ;
lateral border raised, moderately thickened and punctate,
rather widely channelled within; disc without central impres-
sion, irregularly covered with round deep punctures, thickest
in front, the interspaces densely and finely punctate. Scutel-
lum thin and very transverse. H/lytra wider than prothorax
at base, and rather more than twice as long, convex longi-
tudinally and transversely, widest near apex; apical declivity
steep, shoulders rounded, narrowly margined, each elytron
with three well-raised nitid coste, crenulated at the sides by
rows of punctures; suture almost flat; intervals coarsely, rather
closely but irregularly, punctate with shght rugosity in places.
Abdomen and femora coarsely punctate; prosternum rugose-
punctate, its process widely arched behind; cox coarsely
385
punctured ; #7d7@ shortly spinose at apex, the front tibie bowed
and coarsely notched on exterior margin. Dimensions—
11-14 x 6-8 mm.
fHab.—Western Australia: Cue and Lake Austin (H.
Brown). |
Another interesting discovery of Mr. Horace Brown, who
has kindly given me four specimens, two of each sex. The
_males are larger, with the fore tibize more bent and notched,
and have the basal joints of the front tarsi slightly enlarged.
The species differs from O. lateralis, Cart., in its (1) much
thinner lateral border of prothorax, with shallower channel
inside this border, and wider and less produced angles, (2)
much coarser puncturation of head and pronotum, and (3)
absence of the fourth elytral costa, inter alia. Type in
author’s collection.
BYALLIUS LATICOLLIS, nl. sp.
Elongate-ovate ; dull black above and beneath, basal joints
of antennz and under-sides of legs nitid, tibiz with a line of
golden tomentum, tarsi similarly clothed.
Head—Mandibles bifid, labrum prominent; epistoma
truncate in front, angulate with the widely-rounded canthus,
its suture arcuate and faintly impressed; forehead convex;
whole surface densely and evidently punctate; antennze not
reaching base of thorax, joint 3 as long as 4-5 combined, 8-11
ovate, opaque, and hirsute, 11 larger than 10. Prothoraz
5 x 8 mm., widest behind middle, very slightly convex, arcuate-
emarginate at apex; anterior angles widely acute, blunted at
apex and outwardly directed; sides feebly sinuate in front,
arcuately widening till near base, then rather abruptly but
roundly narrowed to the wide obtuse posterior angles; lateral
border very thick and round, terminating at the posterior
angle behind, much narrowed at apex (appearing there only
as a thin reflexed edge) ; lateral channel wide and continuous
with the disc, the latter closely and finely punctate, the punc-
tures smaller than on head. Scutellwm very transverse. Hlytra
slightly wider than prothorax at base, widest behind middle,
somewhat depressed, epipleural fold not evident at shoulders
from above, lateral border very narrow, with the usual line of
punctures within it; disc finely reticulate-punctate, a sutural
and four other subcostate wavy lines on each elytron, the first
two and the last two of the latter connected near apex, the
fourth less raised than the rest at the sides. Abdomen and
legs strongly punctate, first two segments of the latter strigose,
intercoxal process wide, submentum coarsely, prosternum
finely, punctate, its process rounded at apex, bordered and
sulcate at sides. Dimensions—194 x9 mm.
N
386
Hab.—New South Wales: Cooma district (Dr. Black-
burn).
Dr. E. W. Ferguson has kindly given me a specimen
(female) taken by the son of the late Canon Blackburn, which
evidently differs from its allies as follows:—From B. koscius-
koanus, Cart. (its nearest ally), in wider and more depressed
form, more opaque colour, finer punctures on head and thorax,
the lateral border of the latter much thicker, anterior angles
wider and less acute at apex; from B. reticulatus, Pasc., it
differs more widely in its finer punctuation of head and thorax,
much wider but less reflected lateral border, and in the less
raised sculpture (both coste and reticulation) of the elytra;
from B. ovensensis, Cart., in its non-dentate posterior angles,
enter multa alia. Type in author’s collection.
PROMETHIS OPACA, 0. Sp.
d. Elongate-parallel; opaque-black, apical half of fore
tibize and under-side of all tarsi clothed with red tomentum,
antenne and palpi reddish.
Head coarsely, unevenly punctate, the punctures largest
and less close between the eyes, more finely punctured towards
the neck; canthus strongly raised and subcornute, making a
distinct angle with the sides of epistoma; antenne as in P.
angulata, Erichs. Prothoraz 5x6 mm., considerably widest
in front; apex bisinuate, produced in middle; anterior angles
forming a rounded lobe, refiexed at border, more produced
forward and outward than in P. angulata; sides angulately nar-
rowed behind these, again narrowed before the widely obtuse
posterior angles, these not at all produced ; base bisinuate, with
raised lateral and basal border, the former thickened at the
anterior angles, obsolete on apex, the latter coarsely punctate ;
disc coarsely, unevenly, but in general rather closely punctate,
the punctures round and deep at centre, the sculpture more
obscure and rugose towards sides, medial line wide and deep
throughout. Scutellum semi-circular, coarsely punctate.
Elytra wider than prothorax at base and two and a half times
as long; sides parallel, more convex than in P. angulata;
punctate sulcate, with ten rows (including a short scutellary
and the extreme lateral row) of large punctures placed in
moderately deep sulci; intervals crenulate and strongly raised,
under a microscope seen to be minutely punctured and
shagreened. Mentum fringed, submentum very rugose (sub-
pustulose), sternum punctate and finely rugose, anterior coxe
covered with short reddish hair, three anterior segments of
abdomen rather closely covered with large round punctures,
the apical segments finely punctate; legs long, the anterior
387
tibiz less curved than usual in the genus, strongly fringed on
apical half, mid-tibie slightly curved, post-tibie straight.
Dimensions—18-19 x 6-7 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Craven (Gloucester district)
(T. G. Sloane).
Two male specimens, taken by Mr. Sloane, July, 1914,
under Eucalyptus bark, form an undoubted addition to this
genus. While nearest P. angulata, Erichs., in form and
angulated sides of prothorax, it is strikingly differentiated
from all Promethes having a fringed mentum in the male by
its combination of opaque surface, strongly punctate head,
prothorax, and abdomen, parallel and sulcate elytra with
large seriate punctures, prothorax strongly widened in front,
the anterior angles lobate. It is strange that this species has
so far been unnoticed, considering the very large number of
specimens lately examined by the author. It is probable,
therefore, that this species has a limited range in an area so
far little explored by the entomologist. Type in author’s
collection.
DystTaLica, Pasc.
Three species have been described: D. homogena, Pasc.,’
D. subpubescens, Bates, D. parallela, Lea; and probably are
all the same species. I have eight specimens before me, vary-
ing in size, and to some small extent in sculpture, but most of
all in the amount of crenulation of the sides of the prothorax
(a difference frequently found in the same species in Sero-
trana). My specimens are from the following localities: —1,
Swan River (this has been compared with the type of D.
homogena, Pasc.); 1, Carnarvon, Western Australia; 1,
Kookynie, Western Australia; 2, Murchison district, Western
Australia; 1, Shark Bay, Western Australia; 1, Cue, Western
Australia; 1 from the mallee district, North-west Victoria.
The last of these rather more corresponds with the description
of D. subpubescens, Bates, except in having a faint crenulation
to the thoracic border. Bates contradicts Pascoe’s statement
as to the last joint of the antenne not being longer than the
tenth in both D. homogena and D. subpubescens.) As this
seems to be the chief distinction that Lea mentions in his
description of D. parallela, I cannot but conclude that D.
parallela, Lea=D. homogena, Pasc., leaving D. subpubescens,
Bates, for the present under suspicion. Bates’ locality of New
South Wales seems also open to doubt. I have also examined
the specimens (determined by Mr. Lea, and probably co-types)
in the Australian and Macleay Museums, labelled “D. paral-
lela, Lea.”’
- Trans. Ent. Soc., Lond., 1873, p. 370.
N
388
DzprosIs, Bates.
Leptogastrus,. Macl.
There is no generic distinction between the above two
genera. The species described below as D. apiformis is a clear
link between D. (Leptogastrus) mastersii, Macl., and other
species of Dedrosis. The following is a table of the species
known : —
1 ieee not pedunculate.
8|Sparsely pilose, at least on elytra;
prothorax very convex.
3) 7) Elytra deeply sulcate, intervals
raised; antennz and legs dark.
4| 6|Lateral margins of prothorax crenu-
late, disc coarsely punctate.
5 iCsloue bronze, elytral intervals
sharp and rugulose ene crenato-striata, Bates
6 |Colour black, elytral intervals flatter
| and plain ... ambigua, Bates
7| |Colour bronze, lateral margins of
prothorax vane dise finely punc-
tatew ves ... monticola, Blackb.
8} |Elytra finely ‘striate-punctate, in-
tervals quite flat, antenne red ... victoriw, Blackb.
' 9! |Body glabrous; prothorax sub-
| cordate and more depressed ... ... angulata, n. sp.
10/12|/Strongly pilose on elytra.
11| |Elytra sulcate, intervals raised ... pygmea, Haag-Rut.
12) Elytra striate-punctate, intervals flat Airsuta, Cart.
13)15|Body pedunculate.
14| |Elytra glabrous, aoe striate,
intervals raised mastersi, Macl.
15| |Elytra pilose, peley striate, ‘inter- ‘
vals flat .. apiformis, n. sp.
Bates seems to have ‘oe Span as to the distinction of
ambigua from crenato-striata.. I have, I think, both sexes of
each, and consider them clearly distinct. The former I have
from the Blue Mountains, the latter from Sydney, Illawarra,
and the Blue Mountains. D. monticola, Blackb., is also
common round Medlow and Blackheath. Specimens from Eden
(New South Wales) and Jamieson (Victoria) are also very close
to this species. D. victorie, Blackb., I have from Dandenong,
Buffalo Mountains, and Wanden (Victoria). JI have also a
specimen from Cairns (Northern Queensland), which varies
only slightly from this specimen in its somewhat coarser
sculpture, and may be termed var. cairnsit. D. pygmea,
Haag.-Rut., is common in the Illawarra and _ coastal
district of New South Wales. Mr. Cox has taken it in num-
bers under seaweed and shore refuse at Lady Robinson Beach,
near Sydney. D. masters, Macl., my single specimen, com-
pared with type (from Gayndah), was taken by Mr. Lea at
Forest Reefs, New South Wales.
389
D2DROSIS ANGULATA, N. sp.
Narrowly ovate; brilliant bronze, glabrous; antenne and
tibie red ; labrum, palpi, and tarsi light castaneous.
Head very coarsely punctate, epistomal suture arcuate and
suleate, eyes very prominent; antennz rather short, joint 3
little longer than 4, 4-8 somewhat oblong, 9-10 subtriangular,
not rounded, 11 shortly ovate and much less enlarged than is
usual in the genus. Prothorax subcordate, widest at middle,
wider at apex than at base, truncate at both; anterior angles
obtuse, very slightly rounded at tips; sides entire, rounded
anteriorly, sinuately converging behind; posterior angles de-
fined and subrectangular, narrowly bordered throughout;
lateral margins more or less explanate, but coarsely punctate
like the disc; the lateral border evident from above, disc
coarsely punctate with a few smooth spaces and two large fovez
at middle, and no indication of a middle line. Scwutellum
small, rounded—a triangular depression on elytra behind it.
Llytra ovate, wider than prothorax at base, shoulders widely
rounded, striate-punctate, intervals quite flat, each with a
single line of punctures; striz not deep, seriate punctures
round and close. Prosternum coarsely and sparsely, abdomen
closely and finely, punctate. Dimensions—7 (viz.) x 3 mm.
fHab.—Victoria (the author).
A specimen was taken in Christmas, 1912, by myself,
either at Warburton or Flinders. While allied to D. victoria,
Blackb., in its elytral sculpture, it differs from all the other
members of the genus in (1) its flatter and more cordate pro-
thorax, more explanate sides and defined posterior angles, (2)
the marked antennal differences, the apical joint much less
enlarged, and (3) glabrous surface.
DZDROSIS APIFORMIS, N. sp.
Subpedunculate, oval; bronze, antenne brown, apex of
femora, tibie, tarsi, and oral organs pale-red, whole surface
more or less pilose.
Head coarsely rugose-punctate, with some smooth impres-
sions on forehead ; clypeal suture straight and deep; antennze
stout and rope-like, joint 3 as long as 4-5 combined, 4-10
moniliform, 9-10 larger than preceding, 11 as long as the
three preceding combined, and much wider, ovoid. /Pro-
thorax about as wide as long (2 x 2 mm.), subtruncate at apex
and base ; anterior angles subrectangular and slightly produced,
wider at apex than at base, sides well rounded, narrowed be-
hind ; posterior angles obsolete (very widely rounded), sides
narrowly margined—not channelled—the margin evident near
the front angles but diminishing and deflexed behind; disc
390
irregularly punctate-setose ; the punctures round and sparse in
the centre, close and more coarse towards the sides, each punc-
ture giving rise to an upright hair; a large shallow foveate
depression near the centre of base. Scutellum not evident.
Elytra obovate and transversely convex, nearly twice as long
as the prothorax, widest behind the middle, shoulders obsolete,
with narrow margin not visible from above ; with rows of round
punctures placed in shallow striz, intervals quite flat and
irregularly dotted with punctures as large as those in the
rows—all punctures setiferous. Under-side closely and coarsely
punctate, of the same copper-bronze colour as above, with a
pilose clothing of whitish hairs showing most at sides and apex.
Femora swollen; tibie with two minute spines at apex, front
tibie slightly curved. Dimensions—6 x 2 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Dapto (Illawarra district) (the
author), Blue Mountains (Dr. E. W. Ferguson).
Compared with the other more strongly pilose species D.
pygmeus, Haag.-Rut, and D. hirsuta, Cart., the former has
its elytra ‘‘sulcate,’’ with intervals raised, its prothorax sub-
parallel, enter alia; while the latter is larger, darker, with
concolorous legs, the prothorax is less convex with much coarser
and closer punctures, the elytral strizs are deeper, and the
seriate punctures larger. In my description of hirsuta I stated
its clothing to be “black’’; it is really a fawn colour above,
paler below, but much darker than in D. apiformis. (N.B.—
All the species are more or less pilose, but with the exception
of the three mentioned above the hairs are few and difficult
to see, except on the head and, to some extent, on the thorax.)
Type in author’s collection.
Licinoma, Pasc.
There is little doubt but that Adeliwm commodum, Pasc.,
together with its two allies, 4. tasmanicum, Champ., and 4.
nodulosum, Champ., should be included under Liconoma. The
front angles of prothorax in commodum are very faintly emar-
ginate, while the base angles are also very marked, not really
dentate, but accentuated by the oblique basal foveze noticed by
Champion in the description of tasmanicum, but not included
in Pascoe’s very brief diagnosis; also the tarsi of commodum
are rather pilose than tomentose, and the facies is wholly that
of Licinoma. I have not seen specimens of tasmanicum and
nodulosum, but their descriptions show their very strong rela-
tionship with A. commodum, Pasc. A. nodulosum, Champ.,
seems only a variety of A. fasmanicum, Champ., the nodulose
intervals at apex of elytra being common in variations of cer-
tain Adelia. J have two specimens of LZ. commoda, Pasc.,
391
taken by myself at Mount Macedon, Victoria (the original
habitat of L. mtida, Pasc.), which I cannot distinguish from
the Tasmanian specimens, but which are quite unlike the type
of L. nitida, Pase.
L. sytvicota, Blackb.
The description of this is very meagre and unsatisfactory ; if
I have identified this correctly, the intervals of the elytra are
distinctly unequal, the third and fifth interval being wider
than the rest. It appears to be widely distributed in New
South Wales, and is variable in size. A species commonly
taken by the author at Medlow (Blue Mountains) differs from
L. sylvicola in its slighter puncturation of head and thorax,
the latter with faint, sometimes obsolete, impressed middle line
and fovee. I cannot at present see any reason for giving it
specific rank, but it should be known by a varietal name, for
which I propose L. montium.
L. (CARDIOTHORAX) ANGUSTICOLLIS, Cart.
This species should be referred to Licinoma, though its
elytral sculpture is like that of many of the smaller Cardio-
thoraces. The prothorax is entirely that of a Licunoma.
The following table may help to identify the species : —
LICINOMA.
Colour black, or nearly so; legs dark.
Prothorax slightly rounded.
Prothorax with two large foveze and
impressed middle line, intervals 3
5 of elytra wider than others... sylvicola, Blackb.
4| |Prothorax with middle line and
fovess faint and obsolete ... ... var. montium, n. var.
5| |Smaller, more nitid than 3, without
middle line or fovee; elytral
intervals equal nitidissima, Lea
6| |Prothorax semi-cireularly widened,
legs! treed! !7ue ts Wea? le CYUCLOCOLUS. une Spe
7|22|Colour bronze or coppery.
8/19|Size larger, 8-12 mm. long.
9|11|Elytral ‘intervals raised.
10| |Elytra strongly sulcate, form very
‘narrow eRe ee Phi. CLAtGs Base.
11) |Elytra moderately suleate, larger
and much wider than 10... ... angusticollis, Cart.
12|23|Elytra striate-punctate.
13|(alintervals sulbconvex °.).)c:-.0. ... violacea, “Macl.
14| See quite flat.
15|19|Angles feebly emarginate, base
obliquely foveate at sides.
Elytral strie defined, intervals
3-5-7-9 setulose PTs.) +2, cOommoaa, Pasc.
392
17|19 Elytral striz subobsolete, intervals
| 2-4-6-8 setulose.
18) |Elytral intervals plain at apex (6) .... tasmanica, Champ.
19| |Elytral intervals nodulose at apex (6) nodulosa, ‘Champ.
20 23) Size smaller, 7-8 mm. long; angles
of prothorax not at all emar ginate.
21! |Prothorax feebly rounded at sides,
| | legs dark-reddish ... . nitida, Pasc.
22| |Prothorax str ongly rounded at sides,
legs testaceous ... ... pallipes, Blackb.
23! [Colour chestnut-brown, under-side
in ered Jere tes as deh e Abe a acu eG RUe Seat Me RISTOE
LiIcINOMA CYCLOCOLLIS, Nn. sp.
Ovate ; nitid black ; labrum, antennez, palpi, and legs red.
Head—Epistoma rounded in front, with a straight deep
limiting sulcus behind ; concave in front of eyes, the concavity
with stronger puncturation than the rest of head; eyes sub-
rotundate and prominent ; antenne with joint 3 as long as 1-2
combined, 4-7 obconic, 8-10 triangular, 11 much larger than
preceding ; widely ovate. Prothorax shghtly wider than long,
widest at the middle, somewhat circular, all angles widely
rounded, subtruncate at base and apex, sides evenly and widely
rounded without sinuation, lateral border narrow, disc very
minutely punctate. Scwtellum semi-circular. Llytra oval,
striate-punctate, with eleven striz containing punctures evenly
placed (smaller and less closely placed than in L. pallipes,
Blackb., larger than in Z. netidissirmus, Lea), the tenth inter-
val terminating some distance behind the shoulder; intervals
quite flat on disc, convex at the sides; under-surface almost
smooth and very nitid ; femora swollen, tibiz and tarsi slender.
Dimensions—6'5-8 x 2°5-3 mm.
Hab.—Northern Queensland: Kuranda (F. Dodd and A.
M.. Lea).
A specimen (female?) sent me by Mr. Dodd, also a muti-
lated specimen amongst Mr. Lea’s captures at Kuranda, differ
from all described species in its widely- and evenly-rounded
prothorax, with other differences to distinguish it from ntidis-
sima, its nearest ally. Type in author’s collection. In Mr.
Lea’s description of “nitidissima’ he gives the prothorax as
“twice as wide as long.’”’ I have several specimens, one deter-
mined by the author himself. In all of these the length : width
is 2:3 as nearly as possible.
LICINOMA GILESI, Nn. sp.
Depressed ; nitid dark castaneous above; under-side, legs,.
antennz, and oral organs pale red.
(6) Species unknown to the author.
393
Head—Epistoma straight and tumid in front, oblique at
sides ; suture straight ; forehead triangularly concave and de-
clivous, the depressed portion rather strongly punctate, a
transverse impressed line between the eyes; the latter large
(much larger than in “. pall:pes, Blackb.) ; antenne extending
to the base of prothorax, joint 3 slightly longer than 4, 4-10
cupuliform, gradually widening to the apex, 11 oval longer
and wider than 10. Prothorax transverse and rather flat,
truncate at apex and base, anterior angles widely rounded,
posterior obtuse and defined, sides evenly rounded without
sinuation, very narrowly bordered and channelled, base also
bordered narrowly; dise without foveze or middle line, and
(under a strong lens) seen to be finely punctate. LHlytra ovate,
wider than prothorax at base; shoulders rather squarely
rounded, the epipleural fold, seen from above, bluntly rounded
at apex ; striate-punctate, with ten striz on each elytron, the
striz well impressed and containing close half-hidden punc-
tures (the last on extreme margin containing larger punctures) ;
intervals flat (or slightly convex laterally), with faint trans-
verse stricles; body beneath and legs smooth and impunctate ;
femora swollen; tibie slightly curved; tarsi clothed beneath
with short yellow hair; front tarsi enlarged. Dimensions—
94 x 3imm.
Hab.—Western Australia: Poreongereny (?) (H. Giles).
A single male specimen sent some years ago by Mr. Giles
(with an indistinct pencil locality label) is evidently distinct
from all described species, though nearest 1. pallipes, Blackb.
The last has its under-side black, or dark-bronze, with a much
more convex thorax, and the elytral striz less deep. Type in
author’s collection.
MacropEras (n. gen. ADELIINARUM).
Labrum very prominent; palpi long, the terminal joint
of both labial and maxillary securiform; mentum subtrape-
zoidal with the anterior margin convex: mandibles bifid at
apex ; antennz stout and long, extending beyond the base of
prothorax, not at all flattened, joint 3 about one and a half
times as long as 4, 3-5 obconic, 6-7 oval, 8-10 cup-shaped and
transverse, successively wider, 11 massive, elongate-ovoid, as
long as the three preceding, bluntly rounded at the apex. Eyes
moderate, transverse impinged on by the antennary orbit;
epistoma arcuate, concave in front; suture straight without
transverse branches ; forehead flat ; head and pronotum rugose-
granulose. Prothorax with apex bisinuate, anterior angles
little advanced, margins subcrenate, apex truncate. Scutellum
small and triangular. EHlytra substriate-punctate with some of
, 394
its interavls irregularly connected, forming series of longi-
tudinal reticulations unequal in size. Prosternum and femora
closely granulose. Abdomen rugose-punctate. Epipleure wide
anteriorly, its fold forming an angle behind the shoulder, much
narrowed halfway. Tarsi and inside of tibize clothed with
yellow hair, a short spine just perceptible at apex of tibie,
intercoxal process wide and nearly square.
Near Dedrosts, but with its final antennal joint even more
enlarged, a feature which distinguishes it from any of the
Australian Tenebriomde known to me. In general facies, not
unlike some of the rougher, opaque species of Cardiothorax
(e59., CV egertus, Pase:, 0. mimus.. Carte):
MACROPERAS ANTENNALIS, Nl. Sp.
Narrow elongate-elliptic; opaque-brown, antenne and
legs reddish; labrum, palpi, and tarsi pale-red. Head with
labrum and epistoma elongate, the latter straightly narrowing
from the canthus to the front, and concavely excised in
front; canthus scarcely raised or pro-
minent. Prothorax sub-cordate, about as
wide as long (4x4 mm.); apex bisinuate
(incurved at the middle and near the
angles); anterior angles acute and de-
flexed; sides widely rounded on anterior
half, then after a single crenulation
sinuately narrowed to base; posterior
angles acute and deflexed; sides and base
with narrow raised border without
channel; disc with rather wide central
depression and two shallow foveate de-
pressions on each side, the whole coarsely
and closely rugose. Jlytra considerably
wider than the prothorax at base, narrcwly
ovate or subparallel, faintly sinuate
towards apex; irregularly sculptured, the
central part more or less striate-punctate,
with about five lines of fairly large punc-
tures, the intervals raised and closely and
finely punctate; the lateral half with
irregular reticulation, the two extreme
rows forming elongate fovee. Tarsi very
hairy, the posterior with basal and claw joint of nearly equal
length. Demensions—64 x 4 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Moruya (G. W. Chessman).
A. single specimen, probably female, is very different.
from any other genus, though allied to Dedrosis and
Otrintus, with a unique sculpture difficult to describe. The —
MaAcRoOPERAS
ANTENNALIS, Nl. Sp. .
395
structure of the epipleural fold is remarkable, forming an
obtuse angle considerably behind the usual position of the
humerus, behind which the elytra appear angulately nar-
rowed. The single pronounced lateral crenulation of the pro-
thorax may be individual. My specimen is the only one I
have seen. Type in author’s collection.
The numbers in the second column imply how far to
include the specified character. Thus 1-33 include all “‘species
with sexual characters strongly marked in femora or tibie.”’
TABLE OF CARDIOTHORAX.
1|33|Species with sexual characters
| | strongly marked in femora or
| tibiee.
2'16|Hind femora armed in male.
3) 5|Colour opaque-black.
4| |Size smaller, 164 mm. long;
| elytral intervals unequal ... armipes, Bates
5| |Size larger, 18-19 mm. long; Get
elytral intervals equal ... .... opacicollis, Macl.
(op)
We)
‘Colour bright-bronze, all femora
armed, intermediate and hind
| femora dentate in male.
7| |Posterior angles of prothorax
not lobed or dentate .... femoratus, Bates
8! (Posterior angles of prothorax
| slightly dentate ee var. subdentatus, Cart.
9| 'Posterior angles of prothorax
strongly dentate ...... ... dorrigoensis, Cart.
10/16|Front femora only toothed
within in the male (sub-
| obsolete in curvipes).
11/15|Colour black-nitid.
12/14|Species wide, base of prothorax
evenly arcuate.
13| |Posterior tibize very long and
straight in male : longipes, Bates
14| |Posterior tibiz not very ‘long
and strongly incurved in male curvipes, Bates
15| Species much narrower, base of
| prothorax angularly emar-
ginate Bes ag Ma ee, Gare, 2st, u CLEOUS., LAASes
16, (Colour dark-bronze, posterior
| tibize tuberculose ... tibialis, Cart.
a Posterior tibie strongly dilated
and hollowed within in male.
18/32|Posterior angles of prothorax
more or less dentate.
19 29'/Colour black, or nearly so.
Klytra more or less regularly
| | suleate, intervals not costate.
21/23' Form subcylindric and parallel,
prothorax not widely rounded.
22} |Pronotum nearly flat, posterior
| angles less prominent ... ... caperatus, Pasc.
396
23| |Pronotum convex, posterior
angles more prominent ... .... var. lachlanensis, Cart.
24/29|Form less elongate, sides of
prothorax widely rounded.
25| |Foliate margins separated from
disc by deep sulcation ... .... walckenewri, Hope
26| |Foliate margins not separated
from disc by deep sulcation acutangulus, Bates
27|/29|Elytra with alternate intervals
costate and unequal.
28; |Anterior margin of epistoma
notched in middle ... ... ... grandis, Bates
29| |Anterior margin of epistoma
produced in middle ia. cn CGSHELNOMAt eases
30/32/Colour bronze.
31| |Colour darker, foliate margins
separated from disc by sulcus,
posterior tooth prominent ... @ripenns, Blackb.
32| |Colour bright violet - bronze,
foliate margins not sulcate,
posterior tooth small ... ... laticollis, Cart.
33 | Posterior angles of prothorax
[ not or subobsoletely dentate,
"colour vblackin ya) 2 brevicollis, Redt.
34163|Sexual characters not "strongly
marked in femora or tibie.
35|65|Species with nitid surface.
36/59|Posterior angles of prothorax
forming a distinct tooth or
lobe.
37/40|Colour black, posterior tooth of
prothorax large.
(a) 38} |Anterior angles rounded, sides
widely rounded and _ sinuate
| behind eet Sera Lace ealccanle COA OUIS > IE ESO:
39| |Anterior angles sharply pro- ©
| duced, sides nearly straight ... encephalus, Pasc.
(b)40| |Posterior tooth much smaller,
sides widely and_ evenly
rounded | ..8) 0 2:7 ic! 00 ce, rotund i¢allast Cans
41] |Colour blue, foliate margins
narrow LOE I STS 6 Cs TULeO=milgie nn Griiane
42| |Bicolorous, head and _ thorax
black, elytra golden-bronze ... @neus, Bates
43/59|Colour bronze.
fc) 44| |Posterior tooth of prothorax
produced backwards into an
elona@ate lobe? is.) 2 ia Se tdastenesuss Bates
45|59|Posterior tooth of prothorax
normal.
46| |Size large, 20 mm. long; elytral
intervals subcostate and very
Unequal tame width 2.0 anee) une LOnbuGuL ease:
47'59|Size smaller, not more than
15 mm. long.
48' |Foliate margins narrow, sides
| of prothorax nearly straight ... connexus, Haag-Rut.
397
49|59|Foliate margins wide, sides
widely rounded.
50, |Under-side of ree cyaneous and
purple
51/59| Under-side of ‘legs concolorous
with upper-surface.
52/59|Size larger, 133-15 mm. long.
53| j|Fifth interval of elytra wider
than the rest .. sae
54|59|Elytral intervals equal.
55|58|Posterior tooth of prothorax
very small, disc nearly smooth.
we)
56| |Clypeus with semi-circular ex-
cision in the middle... ..
57| |Clypeus produced in middle,
shoulders distinct :
58 Carnet normal, shoulders “obso-
ete cuiap siete
59| |Posterior tooth of “prothorax
| large, epipleure smooth d
60} |Size smaller, 10 mm. long ;
epipleuree punctate
61|68/Posterior angles not forming
distinct tooth or lobe.
62| |EHach elytron with 10 ua dis-
tinctly punctate
63 Each elytron with one “deep
| sulcus and four or five vague
strie ... er ks are
64| |Elytra normally suleate.
65| |Foliate margins wide, alternate
| elytral intervals wider than
| | rest Soul eb te atte a
?
66|68/Foliate margins narrow, elytral
intervals equal.
67| j|Clypeus produced in middle,
base of prothorax angulate-
emarginate oe ee hee
63 Clypeus normal, base of pro-
thorax sinuately truncate
69/86|/Species with opaque surface.
70!72|Hind angles of prothorax with
elongate lobe, pointing back-
wards.
alee ienoth, 16519 ienme + “elytra
strongly costate and punctate
i Length, 12-14 mm. elytral
cost less elevated, ar ee
| stronger...
73|85| Prothorax deeply emarginate at
apex, foliate sides widely
e
74!80|Species a little shining.
wridipes, Cart.
aureus, Cart.
clypeatus, n. sp.
cericollis, Pasc.
captiosus, Bates
australis, Cart.
pygmeus, Cart.
[Cart.
punctato-striatus,
bisulcatus, Cart.
mastersi, Maci.
simulans, Haag-Rut.
chalceus, Bates
) angulatus, Bates
politicollis, Bates _
(Otrintus) ferguson,
[Cart.
crassicornis, Bates
egerius, Pasce.
mimus, Cart.
398
75|77|Sides of prothorax crenulate,
posterior tooth truncate at
apex.
76| |Elytra with four carinate costz
on each carinatus, Cart.
77| ~=‘|Elytral intervals unequally raised
and widely convex ... crenulicollis, Bates
78|80|Sides of prothorax entire, pos-
terior tooth depressed and
acute. |
(d)79| |EKlytral intervals equal and regu-
larly convex. humerahis, Bates
80| |Elytral intervals unequal, altern-
ately costiform ... ... haagi, Bates
81!89|Species quite opaque, femora
slender.
82| |Sides of prothorax with deep [Waterh.
excision near hind angle ....._ quadridentatus,
83|89|Sides of prothorax entire, elytra
with undulate ridges.
84/86|Posterior angles of prothorax
not lobate or dentate.
85| |Elytra more regularly punctate-
striate, alternate intervals of
elytra ‘wider than rest ... macleayt, Pasce.
86| |All elytral intervals equally but
less raised aratus, Pasc.
87|89|Posterior angles “of ‘prothorax
sharply dentate.
88} |Foliate margins of prothorax
oblique, elytral sculpture as
| IN" OTGEUSS eo Pali ace aan es) UNE UO GS, eae ese
89! |Foliate margins of prothorax
| horizontal, elytral ridges wide rugosus, Cart.
NogTvTES.
(a) C. cordicollis, Pasc. I have a blue variety, from
South Queensland.
(db) C. rotundicollis, Cart. The type is black, but I have
bronze varieties from Kuranda.
(c) C. distinctus, Bates. Five specimens lately taken by
T. G. Sloane and the author between Wingham and Comboyne
(Manning River district, N.S.W.).
(ad) C. humeralis, Bates, whose exact habitat has not
been previously recorded, has been sent by Mr. Cheesman from
Moruya, New South Wales.
C. angusticollis, Cart., should be referred to Licinoma.
The following synonymy has not been previously noted, -
and is, in my opinion, correct: —_
C. angulatus, Bates = C. chalceus, Bates = C. masterst,
Macl. The distinctions made by the author in the
399
first two are very slight, while the descriptions of
both will fit Macleay’s species. The author’s iden-
tification of chalceus (p. 238 of monograph) was a
mistake.
C. lachlanensis, Cart.=var. of caperatus, Pasc.
Otrintus fergusoni, Cart.=C. politicollis, Bates.
CARDIOTHORAX CLYPEATUS, Nl. Sp.
Elongate-ovate ; violet-bronze above, black beneath, an-
tennz piceous, apex of tibie and under-side of tarsi clothed
with golden tomentum.
Head—Epistoma oblique at sides, semi-circularly excised
in the middle; suture straight, and, with the usual frontal im-
pression, sharply defined and straight at sides, with a wide
central depression; antennz stout, scarcely reaching base of
prothorax, punctate and bearing short golden hairs, joint 3
shorter than 4-5 combined, 5-10 gradually wider and rounder,
11 ovate-acuminate. Prothorar, 4x5 (vwix.) mm., widest in
front of middle, apex arcuate, front angles rounded and
slightly produced, sides widened and rounded anteriorly, slightly
sinuately converging behind ; posterior angles acute, deflected,
and slightly but evidently dentate; base widely angulate in
the middle; basal and apical borders narrow, lateral border
wide and reflexed ; foliate margins moderately wide, obsolete
at base, bearing two large punctures (not setiferous) ; disc
apparently smooth with sharply impressed medial line, cutting
the base but not the apical border. Scutellum, subsemi-
circular, smooth, with triangular depression behind. Elytra
little wider than and two and a half times as long as prothorax ;
shoulders subobsolete, or only represented by a narrow arcuate-
epipleural fold; striate with nine strie on each, the lateral
two or three but faintly impressed ; intervals nearly flat (ex-
cept at apex and sides), smooth and of equal width. Epip-
leurze and abdomen smooth, prosternum transversely striolate ;
femora without sexual distinctions ; tibiz, especially of male,
triangularly-emarginate at apex with two sharp spines, the
interior longer and stouter. Dimensions—16 x5 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Guyra (the author).
Some half-dozen specimens were taken by the author in
January, 1912, and were at first determined (and possibly
given away) as (. politicollis, Bates. On observing the dif-
ferences, especially in the clypeus, between two species, I sent
one of each to the British Museum for comparison with the
type of politicollis. Mr. Blair has very courteously complied
and replies, the “smaller with very narrow margins to pro-
thorax and the clypeus produced in the middle agrees with
400
Bates’ unique type of polzticollis, whereas the other is new ; we
have no other specimen with an excised clypeus like that.”
The following comparison will differentiate the two
species : —
C. clypeatus. C. poltticollis.
Clypeus circularly excised in Produced in middle.
middle.
Poliate margins of prothorax Very narrow.
wider.
Posterior angles distinctly Obtuse, not dentate.
dentate and acute.
Antenne stouter, apical Slenderer, apical joints not
joints rounder. rounded.
Under a Zeiss binocular microscope the prothorax of both
species is seen to be punctate, but the punctures are larger
and more distinct in clypeatus.
A re-examination of Otrintus fergusoni, Cart., compels
me to confess that there is no specific distinction between it
and C’. politicollis, Bates, the very narrow foliate margins
being quite obsolete and the enlarged apex of tibie in the
male type is, I consider, individual variation. The name 0.
fergusont must therefore be sunk.
CaRDIOTHORAX UNDULATUS, 0. sp.
Opaque brownish-black above, legs and abdomen nitid
black, antenne and tarsi piceous.
Head smooth, with front of epistoma evenly curved ;
frontal impression circular; antenne stout, submoniliform,
joint 3 little longer than 4, 11 pointed at apex. Prothoraz,
4x5 (viz.)mm., arcuate-emarginate at apex ; anterior angles
prominent and acutely rounded ; sides strongly and arcuately
widening to middle, then more gradually converging and
sharply sinuate at hind angles, these acute, dentate, deflexed
and outwardly directed ; base coarctate ; disc impunctate with
four equal-spaced fovezx, two on each side of the middle line
(sometimes vaguely connected by a longitudinal depression) ;
medial line clearly impressed throughout ; foliate margins wide
“on apical half, narrowed at base, obliquely raised, and separ-
ated from disc by a nearly straight shallow groove; extreme
border narrowly raised on sides and apex, strongly raised at
base. Scutellum triangular depressed. Hlytra ovate, wider
than prothorax at base, shoulders raised and prominent; with
about eight undulate ridges, irregularly connected, this reticu-
lation especially marked towards the sides, with a series of
large fovee closely placed on the vertical sides between the
lateral (and most: prominent) of the ridges and the epipleural
401
fold; epipleure smooth, and, with the prosternum and sub-
mentum, opaque ; metasternum, legs, and abdomen very nitid
and impunctate; tibie and femora unarmed, the former
moderately enlarged at apex, hind tibie of male slightly
curved. Dimensions—13-15 x 45-5 mm.
Hab.—New South Wales: Comboyne.
Twenty-eight specimens collected by Mr. T. G. Sloane
and the author in a recent visit to this interesting volcanic
plateau, July, 1914. No marked sexual characters are pre-
sent, as in the allied species. In form and size like C. mimus,
Cart., with elytral sculpture like C. aratus, Pasc., it is easily
separated from the former by the sharply-dentate hind angles
of prothorax, which in (’. mimus is an elongate process ex-
tending straightly backwards. C. aratus, Pasc., has a more
pronounced cordate prothorax, with wider foliation and un-
dentate hind angles. AJl the species are coated more or less
with the adhesive red soil of the district, difficult to remove.
This gives a lighter shade than is actually true of the upper
surface. Type in author’s collection.
Notr.—On the escarpment of the plateau between Wing-
ham and Comboyne we captured five specimens of C. distinctus,
Bates, thus establishing the first definite record of the habitat
of this species. Hitherto the only specimens seen by the
author are (1) the type in the British Museum, labelled ‘“Aus-
tralia,” and (2) some specimens in the Paris Museum of
Natural History identified by him as distinctus. M. Lesne
very courteously gave me two of these, which are now before
me, one labelled ‘‘Tasmanie,’’ the other “Australie.”’ So far
no species of Cardiothorax has been found in Tasmania, and
this label is evidently a mistake.
ADELIUM IRREGULARE, 0. sp.
Elongate-ovate, depressed; nitid bronze-black, antennz
and tarsi piceous red, the latter clothed beneath with tomen-
tum of a similar dark colour.
Head coarsely punctate, more rugosely and sparsely on
the forehead, epistoma more closely and regularly; antenne
comparatively slender, extending beyond the base of prothorax,
apical joints very little enlarged, joint 3 longer than 4-5 com-
bined, 4-10 subconic, successively but slightly enlarged, 11
elongate-ovate. Prothorax, 4 (viz.)x6 mm., base and apex
of about equal width, widest behind middle, bisinuate at apex,
truncate at base, anterior angles obtuse and lightly produced ;
sides widely rounded, more abruptly converging behind to the
widely-obtuse posterior angles; basal and apical border nar-
row, lateral-border wider without differentiated foliation of
402
margin; disc coarsely and rather closely punctate with some
smooth vermiculations, and irregular fovez, the largest one on
each side. Scutellum triangular and punctate. Hlytra ovate
and rather flat, wider than prothorax at base, shoulders
rounded, apex rather sharp, narrowly margined, subseriate,
reticulate-foveate, the fovee irregular in size and shape, but
in general elongate and close, in a more or less seriate arrange-
ment ; intervals finely punctate, forming an irregular network.
Epipleure coarsely and sparsely punctate, apical segment of
abdomen closely and finely so, rest of under-side smooth.
Dimensions—154 x 6 mm.
Hab.—South-Western Australia: Bridgetown or Manje-
mup.
In collecting a large number of Adelia in Western Australia
(December, 1913), at Albany, Manjemup, Bridgetown, Bus-
selton, Bunbury, Harvey, Perth, Gin-Gin, I find the species
very difficult to separate, the variations on one pattern being
very great. The two smaller species, scytalicwm, Pasc. (from
Perth district) and wicartwm, Pasc. = forticorne, Geb. (from
Albany), are easily distinguished. Among the larger speci-
ments I find two (males ?) of the above evidently undescribed
species, which can readily be separated from lindense, Blackb.,
and breviusculum, Geb., by the large foveate sculpture of the
elytra, the dark colour, and the obscurely-coloured clothing of
the tarsi.
The described species from Western Australia may be
tabulated as follows : —
L Elytra subseriate-foveate, intervals
reticulate ... ... PCAN GEN A ACHILMCH AA OOO. SIO
- 8/Elytra seriate-punctate, “punctures
| irregular in size.
3- 5|Size larger, surface dull bronze.
4 |Elongate-ovate, border of prothorax
| thick ... var. lindense, Blackb.
5 [Shorter and broader than 4, border
of prothorax thin ... 7) breviusculum, Geb.
6- 8/Size smaller, surface dark psec
bronze.
7 |Prothorax nearly smooth, antennz
| shorter and finer than in 8 . ... $scytalicum, Pase.
8 |Prothorax coarsely punctate, | an-
| tenn long and thick ... ...... vicariwm, Pasce.
forticorne, Geb.
9-12|Elytra striate-punctate.
10 |Size large, colour black, seriate
| punctures large and equal, inter-
vals pustulose at apex ... : occidentale, Blackb.
11 |Size medium, colour bronze, seriate
| punctures unequal... ... ... ... simplex, Blackb.
tralaticium, Geb.
(7) Species not clearly identified by author.
403
12 |Size small, colour bright - coppery,
elytral intervals regu ie not pus-
tulose at apex, seriate ‘punctures
COUR) Wace enon ats: Soo wae ces » CUPTESCOMS e ers
Synonymy of species of Adelium not hitherto recorded : —
A. angulatum, Blackb.=A. angulicolle, Cast. A co-type
‘ of the former shows only slight variation of this
common species.
A. victoria, Blackb.=A. pustulosum, Blackb. var. The
variations of this common species are endless, and
may well include the slight distinctions made by
the author.
(7?) A. tralaticoum, Geb.=A. simplex, Blackb.
After an examination of many specimens from the Nulla-
bor Plains, I cannot but believe this synonymy to be correct.
There is a good deal of variation in size, and brightness of
colour, and the males, as in other species (¢.g., A. pustulosum,
_Blackb.), sometimes have more sharply-defined posterior
angles.
ADELIUM ORPHANUM, Pasc.
I have taken this species at Warburton, near the tradi-
tional “Yankee Jim’s Creek.” It should be referred to Seiro-
trana, having its prothorax closely applied to the elytra.
SEIROTRANA FOLIATA, nN. Sp.
Oblong-oval; brownish-black; under-side and legs dull-
black ; labrum, tarsi, basal joints of antennez, and the clothing
of the legs, red.
Head—HEpistoma smooth, front finely granulose, the for-
mer clearly separated from the latter by deep arcuate sulcus,
produced backwards to the eyes; antenne scarcely reaching
base of prothorax, joint 3 shorter than 4-5 combined, 7-10
moniliform, 10 transverse, 11 as wide as 10 and twice as long,
oval. Prothorax, 3x4°6 mm., little wider at base than at
apex, widest in the middle; apex straight in the middle, with
the anterior angles strongly emarginate, reflexed, and acute ;
sides widely rounded and sinuate before the acute outwardly
directed dentate posterior angles; foliate margins wide,
obliquely reflexed, marked off from disc by wide depression ;
extreme border with a few subobsolete crenulations ; base sub-
truncate ; disc irregularly rugose, with a large foveate depres-
sion on each side near the foliation, these connected by a
transverse depression, and a few punctures near the posterior
angles. Scutellum small triangular. Hlytra considerably
wider than the prothorax at base, shoulders rounded; each
elytron with six rows of large elongate punctures on disc, the
404
second, fourth, and sixth intervals costate, the first two costze
terminated on the apical declivity and having a ragged sub-
crenulate edge, tending to become nodulose and interrupted
on apical half, the third costa with a zig-zag outline ; the sides
beyond this costa with four rows of deep, large foveate punc-
tures. Prosternum coarsely, epipleure foveately, punctured ;
abdomen smooth, with short, sparse red hairs; anterior and
middle tibiz slightly curved. Dimensions—13 x 6 mm.
Hab.—Queensland: Duaringa (H. W. Brown).
A very distinct species, easily separated from its allies, S.
catenulata, Bois., and S. proxima, Pasc., by its more convex
form, the widely upturned flanks of prothorax, with its acute,
produced front angles, and especially by the large elongate
punctures on elytra (somewhat as in Adeliwm plicigerum,
Pasc.) and the continuous coste. Two specimens were given
to Mr. W. du Boulay by Mr. Horace Brown, one of which
was generously given to me (female). Type in author’s col-
lection.
SEIROTRANA SUBCANCELLATA, N. Sp.
Oblong oval; bronzy-black, nitid above, nitid bronze be-
neath ; oral organs, antennz, and tarsi reddish-brown, the last
clothed with golden pubescence.
Head and pronotum vermiculate-punctate, the punctures
rounded and close, often confluent; the nitid vermiculate in-
tervals less regular and longitudinal than in S. catenulata,
Bois. ; epistoma rounded and arcuate in front, its suture nar-
rowly defined; antennz reaching the base of prothorax,
gradually enlarged outwards, joint 3 shorter than 4-5 com-
bined, 4-10 subequal in length, obconic, 11 one and a half
times longer than 10, ovate. Prothorax, 3x 4°} mm., widest
in front of middle, base and apex of about equal width,
bisinuate at apex; anterior angles slightly blunted and
advanced, their margins reflexed; sides rounded anteriorly ;
posterior half gently converging to the undentate subrectan-
gular posterior angles, these overlapping the elytra; foliate
margins moderately wide and concave in front, becoming
merged in the disc behind ; lateral border raised and crenulate,
the posterior crenulation forming a wide feeble sinuation ;
base slightly arcuate (advanced in the middle). Scutellum
transverse, oval, and punctate. Hlytra slightly wider than —
prothorax at base; shoulders obtusely angled; with ten rows
of large punctures, the first six rows at basal half with reticu-
late intervals, the last four rows on sides not reticulate, the
alternate intervals with straight catenulate coste ; prosternum,
episterna, and epipleure very coarsely, the abdomen very
minutely, punctate. Dimensions—13'5 x5 mm.
405
Hab.—Queensland: Tambourine Mountain (the author).
A single specimen, taken in January, 1912, can easily be
distinguished from S. catenulata, Bois., and 8. proxima, Pasc.,
by (1) the undentate hind angles of prothorax, (2) colour
intermediate between the dull-black of catenulata and the
clear-bronze of prozima,,(3) the catenulate coste longer and
less tuberculose than in proxima, wider and less elongate than
in catenulata, and (4) the seriate punctures larger than in
either of the above species with the basal half showing trans-
verse reticulation. Type in author’s collection.
EUTHERAMA (n. gen. ADELIINARUM).
Body oval; apterous. Labrum produced, showing mem-
. branous hinge; mandibles simple, acute at apex; eyes large,
transverse, and kidney-shaped, separated by a space greater
than the apparent diameter of one, and only lightly impinged
upon by the antennal orbit ; mentum oval, raised, and pedun-
culate ; last joint of all palpi widely securiform ; antennz long,
extending beyond the base of prothorax, lightly enlarged to-
wards apex, joint 1 thick, cylindric, 2 subspherical, 3 as long
as 4-5 combined, 4-10 gradually shorter and stouter obconic,
11 wider and shorter than 10, nearly round. Prothorax sub-
quadrate, without marked angles, narrowly bordered through-
out and rather flat on disc. Hlytra convex, ovate, three times
as long as and wider than the prothorax, without humeral
angles; epipleure narrow. Scutellum triangular, a little
rounded behind. Prosternum evenly convex; coxe spherical,
the procoxe rather widely separated, posterior intercoxal pro-
cess wide and truncate; mesosternum declivous, arched in
front; metasternum short. Legs long, femora and tibie
slender, the latter not enlarged at apex and bearing two short
acute spines. Tibiz and tarsi clothed with bristly hair ; tarsi
without tomentum, slender; the posterior tarsi with basal
joint nearly as long as the rest combined, the claw-joint longer
than the two preceding combined.
KUTHERAMA CYANEUM, 0D. Sp.
Ovate, moderately convex; head and prothorax sub-
opaque-black; elytra dark-blue, nitid; under-side, legs, and
antennze reddish; in one example the abdomen and femora
metallic-blue.
Head with epistoma short and straight, its suture defined
and straight ; canthus oblique, and little raised ; forehead with
a large central fovea. Prothorax subquadrate and rather flat,
apex slightly cordiform, sides lightly and evenly rounded,
frout angles widely rounded, base truncate, posterior angles
406
obtuse ; surface like that of the head, confluently rugose-punc-
tate, lateral border narrowly raised, apical and basal border
clearly defined. Scwtellwm punctate. LHlytra closely applied
to prothorax, and of the same width of base, soon expanding
without any defined shoulder, widest at middle; striate-punc-
tate, each elytron with nine sulcate strie, besides a short
scutellary stria, containing large approximate punctures on
the sides of the very convex intervals; these also finely punc-
tate. Prosternum transversely rugose and punctate ; episterna
with large sparse punctures; abdomen nitid and minutely
punctate. Dimensions—12 x3 mm.
Hab.—Northern Territory and North-Western Australia.
Three specimens in the South Australian Museum,
labelled “Batchelor, N.T., 12-12-12.” Three more in Mr.
Lea’s collection, labelled ‘“‘N.W. Australia,’’ and others
in the Macleay Museum, belong to a genus near
Dystalica. The combination of long and slightly enlarged
antenne, wide intercoxal spaces, thin and straight legs, non-
tomentose tarsi, is unusual. . The elytral striz may be termed
sulci, while the punctures rather on the sides of the convex
intervals give them a crenate appearance, the base of the sulci
appearing smooth. Type, I. 3454, in South Australan
Museum. |
APPENDIX.
Through the courtesy of Mr. H. R. Blair, the following
notes have been forwarded that will interest students of
our Tenebrionide :—
Emeax sculpturatus, Pasc.=Nyctoporis cristata, Ee
(From specimens in the British Museum. Pascoe’s specimen
is either erroneously labelled, or was an imported specimen.)
Ecripsis pubescens, Pasc.=Ammidium ciliatum, Erich.
(Pascoe had two specimens, and a third labelled ‘““Tasmania,”’
in the British Museum collection. The last proved to be one
of a lot bought at Stewart’s auction rooms, 1856, which came
from various localities, including Tasmania, St. Vincent, Cape
Verde. A confusion of locality labels is evident. Ammidium,
by the way, is a perfectly good genus, and not to be con-
founded with Anema [Cat. Gebien]).
Arcothymus cenosus, Pasc.=tristis, Montr. (Pascoe had
two specimens of tristis as well as the type of cawnosus, so I
do not know why he did not recognize their identity. It is
probably another error of labelling, and the species should be
removed from the Australian list.)
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407
SCIENTIFIC NOTES ON AN EXPEDITION INTO THE INTERIOR
OF AUSTRALIA CARRIED OUT BY CAPT. S. A. WHITE,
M.B.O.U., FROM JULY TO OCTOBER, 1913.
ConTENTS.
Page.
(a) Narrative, by S. A. White, M.B.0.U. as) PAE
(b>) Mamaatia, by Edgar R. Waite, ¥F.L.S. Sn a
(c) Aves, by S. A. White, M.B.O. U. : Lene)
(ad) Sromacu Contents or Brirps, by Arthur M.
Lea, F.E.S. is A 7. Ao
(e) LACERTILIA, by. R. Zietz a: aa
(f) Opuipta, AMPHIBIA, AND Pisces, by Edgar RK.
Waite, F.L.S.. ... ee Ae Be Ade
(g) Motnusca, by BH. H. Matthews ... HY 446
,i @mustacns! by Woh Baker; F.L:S. oo. ey VAAG
(i) ARACHNIDA, by Re EL. Pulleine, MEE ek EAA:
(7) Insecta :—
Coleoptera, by Arthur M. Lea, F.E.S. ... 448
Lepidoptera—
Rhopalocera, by G. A. Waterhouse,
BL Sextiest Ao rs ee bys Me ole
Beto by <A. Jefferis Turner,
Sas. . sel ae 5, 1.405
etna by W. W. Froggatt, ie L252) 459
(i) Borany, by J. M. Black ... 460
(l) ANALYSES OF SAMPLES OF WATER from Bete and
Springs, Great Australian Artesian Basin,
by W. S. Chapman; with Notes on the
same, by L. Keith Ward... ey. Bee TY
(a) Narrative.
By 8. A. Waive, M.B.0O.U.
Pirates XXI. to XXXVII. ano Map.
The expedition was fitted out by the writer for four
months in the interior. The chief object in view was ornitho-
logical research, and to assist Mr. G. M. Mathews, of Eng-
land, in his great work, ““The Birds of Australia,’’ now going
through the press. The writer felt that there must be more
work to be done amongst the birds of the interior, and in
this he has not been disappointed, as the following notes will
show, there being many additions and corrections to former
lists.
Apart from ornithology every spare moment was spent in
collecting reptiles, mammals, fish, insects, etc., etc., and I
have to thank those gentlemen most heartily who have worked
out their several branches of science, thus helping to make
the record of my labours of greater value. The whole of the
collection made, with the exception of the birds, I have
donated to the Adelaide Museum.
408
My wife accompanied. me throughout the long and
arduous journey of. 1,300 miles on camelback. Too much
praise cannot be bestowed upon Mrs. White for the assistance
she rendered to science, for without her help much would
have been left undone.
We left Adelaide with our outfit, stores, etc., towards
the end of July, 19128. After three days’ train journey we
reached the head of the line, Oodnadatta, some 700 miles
north of Adelaide. A white man was here engaged to look
after the camels, cook, etc., also two aboriginals as assistants.
Some delay occurred, and it was not till August 4 that our
camel train wound its way through the scattered houses and
we were out upon the vast tablelands.
The first few days we were travelling north-east, over
the gibber country; later we found it necessary to swing back
upon the Macumba Creek, and passed to the east of Mount
John and camped one night at Horseshoe Bore, where fish
and a good many birds were collected. Leaving this bore,
which is an oasis in the desert, we made over to Apperina
Bore, which is responsible for a fine flowing creek, the water
ain which attracts much bird life. Some good-sized red gums
(ELucalyptus rostrata) seemed to be thriving upon the artesian
water, but we noticed that where this water touched the
roots of the mulga (Acacia aneura) they were dying off. Great
numbers of fish were found in these waters, and a bright
fringe of light-green flags and rushes lined the watercourse in
many places. The temperature of Horseshoe Bore was
104° Fh. at the surface, and the Apperina Bore water was
129° Fh. at the surface.
Moving out again we followed up Apperina Creek and
cut over to Memory Bore, in a howling wilderness. The
water at this bore is 100° Fh. at the surface. From here we
cut the line of the Horn Expedition and followed on the
track it took into Dalhousie cattle station, and I agree
with Professor Baldwin Spencer when he says ‘‘that, if it be
possible, this country is more desolate than ever,’’ with its
dark mound springs and its worked-out appearance. There
we stayed one night and moved on next morning, and diverged
from the route taken by the Horn Expedition, which latter
tended towards the telegraph line. Travelling north we came
to the Dalhousie Mound Springs proper, and found it a most
interesting place. Our camp was surrounded by a great
number of these natural springs, some of them quite hot, for
which the waterbirds, mostly of the duck family, have a great
liking. The large hot spring is a fine sheet of water sur-
rounded by teatree (Melaluca). This hole is a great depth,
and the temperature of the water is 111° Fh. Another spring
409
some distance off registered 90° Fh., and the water could be
seen bubbling up in the centre. Great numbers of duck were
on all these waters, the principal ones being the Black Duck
(Anas swperciliosa), the Grey Teal (Virago qibberifrons), Aus-
tralian Shoveller (Spatula rhynchotis), and White-eyed Duck
(Nyroca australis). When flushed they flew round for a
while and then returned to their hot bath. These birds did
not seem to be getting over-much food, because those speci-
mens which came under our notice were not really fat. The
tepid water seems to have an attraction for the ducks, but
not as a source of food. Cretaceous fossils are plentiful to
the east of these mound springs. In many places copper stains
were seen upon stones scattered about amongst the springs.
Leaving this country, with its strange black mounds of
travertine, the dark colouring being caused no doubt by the
decayed vegetable matter accumulating from the fringe of
rushes and flags, we made a north-north-westerly course and
passed through the narrow belt forming the restricted area
in which that strange shrub, the red mulga (Acacia cypero-
phylia), is found, which grows to an average height of 12 or
15 ft., occasionally perhaps to 20 ft. It is the only acacia
in Australia, if not in the world, which sheds its bark in the
strange way shown in the illustration (plate xxx., fig. 1). The
bark is of a bright-red colour and peels off in flakes or forming
spiral-shaped rolls, which gives the stem of the plant a very
strange appearance. Bird hfe through all this country was
scarce ; it was only near the waters that they were found. Occa-
sionally a pair cf the Cinnamon Ground Bird (Samuela cinna-
momea) were met with far away from water in the sandhill
country. This species seems to be able to do without water
longer than most birds, which may be due to certain insects,
such as spiders, forming their food, and these insects con-
tain a great quantity of moisture. Our route led us past
Blood Creek, and we camped in its sandy bed. Here we
collected the first specimen of the Red-browed Pardalote
(Pardalotus rubricatus, sub. sp.?) and a few frogs known to
science as Hyla rubella.
Starting early next morning we left the telegraph line
again and struck out to the east. I was anxious to work out
in that direction because no one had worked the country
scientifically to the east of the line. We found the country
very dry, and did not do much work till the Adminga Creek
was reached. Following up this creek we found that the
waters were drying up very fast, and in most cases they only
contained liquid mud. The whole of our party became unwell
here with that great scourge of the interior, dysentery, and
we all suffered from time to time in this way throughout the
410
remainder of the trip. As soon as we approached the
Adminga Creek bird life became evident, and several fresh
forms were met with. Continuing up the creek we came to
the telegraph line and followed it over the South Australian
border into the Northern Territory, calling at Charlotte
Waters for our mail, watered the camels at the bore close by,
and camped for the night a few miles further on. A more
easterly course next day brought us in sight of Larapinta, or
Finke River, for the first time, and we entered upon a new
class of country, aptly called by Professor Baldwin Spencer
‘‘Larapinta Land.’’ We were beginning to lose sight of the
large round bushes commonly called ‘‘roley poley’’ (Salsola
kali), and saw a few clumps of the true spinifex (Spinifex
paradoxus). The Finke River in times of flood spreads out
over a wide area, the main course being shallow here and
filled up with loose sand. Where the flood waters run out
over the adjacent flats a thick growth of swamp gums
(Eucalyptus microtheca) was seen, but on both sides of the
channel a fine fringe of red gums was growing. Following
up the course of the Finke we stayed one night at New Crown
Point station, and next day followed the course of the river.
On the first day out from New Crown Point station a
fresh bird came under our notice; it was the Red-browed
Babbler (Pomatostomus temporalis rwbeculus). They were
moving about in small parties, calling loudly after the man-
ner of other members of the genus. Several days prior to
this we collected specimens of the Black-banded Whiteface
(A phelocephala nigricincta). This is some 200 miles south
of where the Horn Expedition discovered these birds and
made them known to science. We also found in the same
locality a bird much resembling the Murchison Whiteface
(Aphelocephala pectoralis castanewentris, Milligan). This
bird was mistaken by the Horn Expedition for A. lewcopsvs.
When working up the dry bed of the Finke we occasionally
halted the main party for a day and made excursions back
into the sandhill country, but found it very dry, and very
little, if any, life in it. Yellow sandstone cliffs began to
appear in the banks of the river, and one day the very
peculiar flat-topped hill, known as Crown Point, came into
sight. We passed close under it, and found it to be com-
posed of a soft and friable sandstone with a hard desert-
sandstone capping. We now crossed the Finke not far from
where Sturt first saw this great sandy river bed and gave it
the name of the Finke, after William Finke, of Adelaide.
‘On the next day we left the course of the river, cutting off
a large bend, and crossed its sandy bed at a weird place
called Horseshoe Bend; here we saw a native camp and one
411
or two old men of the Arunta tribe with many scars upon
their nude bodies.
From here we followed the main river, passing its junc-
tion with the River Hugh, and then struck out towards
Chambers Pillar, a strange natural monument. The sur-
rounding country is covered with great billows of sand
running from the north-east to south-west, and their sloping
_ sides to the south had a fair sprinkling of bush upon them,
but their steep northerly sides presented a drifting, yellowish-
red sand. It was here we first saw that fine tree, the desert
oak (Casuarina Decaisneana), which befriended us so often
while in this sandhill country, affording a most welcome
shade. We now cut back on to the river again, and stayed
one night at Henbury station. We followed the sandy course
of the Finke as well as we could, cutting off a bend here and
there in its course. All this time collecting was going on
steadily. The botanical pads were getting larger, bird skins
were being added each day, and the insect collection was
increasing, reptiles and other things were finding their way
to the spirit-tanks. On reaching Running Waters (which,
by the way, was at that time a stagnant pool) we made a halt
for a while, and some very useful material was collected. For
the first time on the expedition the Golden-backed Honey-
eater (Jelithreptus gularis leteor) was met with. The Grey-
headed Honey-eater (Lichenostomus kertlandi), discovered by
the Horn Expedition, was also noted here, as well as many
other more common species. There was also a marked change
in the flora, and for the first time we saw the fig (Licus
platypoda) and the pine (Callitris verrucosa). Leaving this
far-famed ‘‘Running Water,’’ which seldom runs, we entered
a deep gorge, and were shut in on both sides by towering
rocks. Next day we came to a fine waterhole, on which were
many water-fowl, including pelicans.
Just before camping we met with the first palm-tree
(Livistona Marie). This beautiful palm is peculiar to a few
miles in this deep Finke gorge. Ernest Giles, who discovered
this tree and surrounding country, mentions in his Journal
under date August 31, 1872, that he met with the first
example of this new palm, which was 60 ft. high. It was
just about the same locality where we met with a young tree
only a few feet high. On the following day we branched off
up Ellery Creek. This route was taken because the Finke
was very serpentine in its course, and the rocky bed was very
rough for the camels. Our northerly route now took us over
a mass of deep soft sand, which was shut in by the high
rugged masses of rock called Todd Glen. Not long after we
‘had entered the glen the rare bird, Micrartamus minor, came
412
under our notice; two or three of these birds were seen hawk-
ing along the face of the cliff, and one specimen was secured.
All at once we emerged from the Krichauff Range on to the
Missionary Plain. As soon as we came out of the gorge the
great MacDonnell Ranges came into full view, running east
and west, Mount Souder standing out like a sentinel to the
west. We now changed our course to almost due west, with
the barren rocky Krichauff Range on the left and the MacDon- ©
nell Range some distance off on the right. The soil was
a soft sandy loam, with thick patches of mulga here and
there:
In due course we reached the Hermannsburg Mission
Station, and made excursions out from there in several
directions, collecting a good deal of material. The most
interesting trip was into the Glen of Palms and up Palm
Creek. Taking only the riding camels we followed the Finke
down and soon entered the deep gorge, or glen, which holds
the river as it passes through the Krichauff Range. Huge
masses of rock towered up over our heads as we travelled
over loose patches of white sand, water-worn boulders, or
solid rock till we branched off into Palm Creek. Here some
nice clear pools of water were met with, and the unique palms
already mentioned were seen in all stages of growth. Some
fine specimens lifted their heads from 80 to 100 ft. above
the river bed, their bare slender stems bending to the breeze
which was acting upon the fronds growing at their summit.
Younger trees were seen from 5 to 6 ft. high which had leaves
from the ground to the top of the plant. Handsome cycads
(Encephalartos MacDonnelli) were growing from the cliff’s
face, and some red gums found a footing in the crevices of the
rocks, but looked out of place amongst the sub-tropical scenery
of palms and cycads. There were few birds to be found, the
Rufous-vented Shrike Thrush (Colluricincla rufiventris ): was
seen, and the Scarlet Finch (Hmblema mcta) was breeding at
the mouth of the glen. After taking photographs we retraced
our steps to the Mission Station.
Once more continuing our journey we struck into the
heart of the MacDonnells, travelling along a level plain vary-
ing from a mile to two miles in width, with high ranges on
either side of us. In the face of these ridges large gaps
appeared where creeks had cut their way through to join the
Finke River. Mulga was the predominating vegetation, with
red gums on the watercourses. It was here, for the first time,
we met with the rare species of Bower Bird (Chlamydera
maculata macdonnelli); it is a very shy bird, and seldom seen.
‘They seem to feed on the native fig fruit. We met with
another very rare bird, Goyder’s Grass Wren (Hyramytis
413
goyderi),; there are only three or four skins of this bird known
to science. Travelling amidst these high ranges the nights
at this time of the year (August) were bitterly cold; the
thermometer registered on more than one occasion the mini-
mum of cold, 10° Fh. We came to a fine waterhole called
the Jay, situated on a creek of the same name; and from here
we made for Simpson Gap, which is a fine sight, with a
large pool of very cold water of great depth situated right in
the gap. The ranges were more broken here, but still trend-
ing to the east. Soon after this we arrived at Alice Springs
Telegraph Station and received a hearty welcome from Mr.
and Mrs. McKay, Mr. McKay being the superintendent in
charge. We rested here for two days and refitted. During
this time we visited Emily Gap and saw the sacred paintings
of the natives; no female is allowed to see these paintings.
We once more started off to the east, and passed by Undoolya
station and the mountain of the same name standing out
to the south. We passed between high ridges, the strata of
which stood on end. The country became very broken, but
the ranges could be easily defined continuing to the eastward.
Making for Mount Benstead we crossed much rough and
broken ground covered in low scrub. From here we bore in
the direction of Bitter Spring. There is some fine scenery
in this neighbourhood, and in a good season it would look
very nice no doubt. A little later on the country changed
‘and became very miserable; passing over Paddy Plain we
reached Arltunga, but stayed only for a few minutes at
Kangaroo Well. Our course now took us through weird and
miserable country on to the Hale River, the banks of which
are covered by a thick fringe of fine gums.
Following the Hale for some time we struck out to the
Hart Mountains, but found the country so barren and dry
that we came in to the Hale again. Above Ruby Gap we
left the bed of the river and climbed over a high range and
then descended into the same river on the south side. I
took the opportunity of visiting Ruby Gap, where photographs
were obtained. The rubies lay banked up on the sides of
the river bed, and our camels scuffed through them for some
time. From here we took a more easterly course and followed
a rocky range which obstructed our course south. At last
we found a gap, in which was situated a fine waterhole, over-
shadowed by a high-pointed peak. Numbers of ducks were
upon this water. Next day, having filled up our watercasks,
we started south, and found we had made too much to the
east. After finding my position we soon made back to the
Hale, and followed down its bed, intending to push our way
through to Charlotte Waters. After our fourth day in
414
unmapped country we found we were in a country drier than
we had up to then met with. On the sixth day our water-
casks were getting low, and no water being found I very
reluctantly gave orders to retrace our steps. Just here we
met with some natives who had been in the habit of visiting
Charlotte Waters at this time of the year; they told us they
had to turn back, and two of their number had nearly lost
their lives. Returning on our outward tracks for over two
days, the natives struck out to the west and induced us to
follow; we had not gone far when they revealed to us a nice
rockhole of water, which relieved us of much anxiety.
Our course now lay over very broken and rough country,
mostly ranges running east and west, till Love Creek station
was reached. For some time before we reached the station
the country improved, and for many miles we followed a
high narrow ridge of rocks, lke a huge wall in many places,
not more than 2 ft. thick, through which many holes were
weathered, and this strange wall of rock continued as far as
the eye could see, stretching south-west and _ north-east.
After giving our camels a rest here for awhile we struck.
out to the south again, passing through a gap in the range,
and made another attempt into the dry country, this time
more to the west. After our water supply had run low we
found the small spring called Urinilla Spring. It was then.
choked up, and a few hours were spent in opening it’ out,
with the result that a fair supply of water was obtained. This.
must have been a great camping place of the natives in days.
gone by, for the ground was strewn with stone chippings.
Above floodmark, under a ledge of sandstone near the spring,
numbers of native paintings were seen. One of our cow
camels having calved the night we arrived here, she was given.
two days’ spell, and then we moved on again to the south,
over sandstone ridges which alternated with plains covered.
with mulga, and later high sandhills were met with rising
to the height of 50 to 70 ft. on their perpendicular sides. I
once more altered our course and stood more to the west,
which brought us to the Hugh River. The weather was now
becoming very hot and flies troublesome. Ants were in mil-
lions, crawling into our food and specimen cases; in fact,
they were everywhere. From here we pushed on to New
Crown Point, and then to Charlotte Waters Telegraph Sta-
tion, where we received our mails after many weeks out from.
Alice Springs.
Our course was now more westerly, and in the blazing
heat passed over gibber tablelands. After crossing the
Abminga Creek into South Australia, traversing some very
stony country, arrived at Eringa (one of Mr. §. Kidman’s.
415
eattle and horse stations), and followed the Lindsay Creek
down for days. In this creek there were many fine water-
holes, up to half a mile in length; they teemed with fish, and
there were many _ water-fowl. White-fronted Herons
(Notophoyx nove-holiandie) were met with along this water-
course, also the Yellow-billed Spoonbill (Platibis flavipes);
the latter birds were often seen perched upon the dead gum-
trees which overhung the waterholes. There were several
varieties of ducks—the commonly-called Wood Duck, or
Maned Goose [it is really a goose] (Chenonetta jubata),; Black
Duck (Anas supercilliosa); Grey Teal (Virago gibberifrons) ;
Australian Shoveller (Spatula rhynchotis). Large flocks of
Black Cormorants were also found on these waterholes living
upon the fish. The large Black Cormorant of Australia
(Phalacrocorar carbo) is a fine bird, and when a number
come out of the water after a fishing excursion, sitting upon
the bank or fallen trees with outstretched wings drying their
plumage in the sun, they present a strange sight. Bobbing
about upon the water like corks numbers of Western Black-
throated Grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis nove-hollandie) were
seen. The Lindsay Creek passes through a very rough gibber
country, but fine red gums line the banks of the stream. It
was along this watercourse and in its rocky banks that we
‘saw the gigantic lizard (Varanus giganteus), one specimen
measuring fully 8 ft. long. Following the creek down we
‘came to its junction with the Stevenson; here we met with
an Owlet Nightjar of a very rufous colouration. Continuing
down the Stevenson we passed one or two small waterholes,
but the country became drier as we went south. Still quite
a number of specimens in various branches of natural
science were collected, in spite of the great heat and flies—
the latter tormented us night and day. Strong winds with
dust troubled us sorely, and for the last few weeks nearly
every afternoon strong winds would come up from the south-
west and blow with great violence, covering everyone and
everything with dust. The last part of our journey was along
a beaten camel pad, which led us into Oodnadatta.
So ended a camelback journey of 1,300 miles through a
‘dry and awful country which, when the rain comes, blossoms
like the rose, but in a short space of time (about eight weeks)
‘once more subsides into its normal state of drought. Rain
falls in this great interior at long and irregular intervals.
It is an old saying of those who live in the country when
questioned as to when rain will fall by answering, “‘It may
fall in ten minutes or ten years.’’ The dreary aspect and
the solitude of this vast country followed us like a nightmare
as we travelled south.
416
EXPLANATION OF PLATES.
[The Plates are from photographs taken by S. A. White.}
PuatE XXII.
Fig. 1.—Dalhousie (small) hot mound-spring.
Fig. 2.—Dalhousie (large) hot mound-spring.
Pruate XXII.
Fig. 1.—A scene on the Lindsay Creek, west of the Telegraph
Line, and a little south of Charlotte Waters.
Fig. 2.—View of Lindsay Creek at Eringa.
Puare XXIII.
Fig. 1.—Stony desert, or ‘‘gibber’’ country, situated between
Macumba Station and Charlotte Waters.
Fig. 2.—Distant view of Mount Benstead, MacDonnell Ranges
Pirate XXIV.
Fig. 1.—Acute folding of rocks in the ranges near Arltunga.
Fig. 2.—An abrupt face of quartzite in the Hart Range, east
of the Hale River.
Prate XXV.
Fig. 1.—Precipitous cliffs in the valley of the Finke River
near Horseshoe Bend.
Fig. 2.—Precipitous cliffs in the valley of the Finke River
near Horseshoe Bend, giving a nearer view.
PuatE XXVI.
Fig. 1.—The Finke River and cliffs at Running Waters.
Fig. 2.—The bed of the Finke River looking upstream in the
Krichauff Range.
Prater XXVITI.
Fig. 1.—The Jay Waterhole, : Jay River, MacDonnell Ranges.
Fig. 2.—Vertical wall of rock, between Love Creek and the
Hale River, continuing for many miles almost parallel with the
MacDonnell Ranges.
Prats XXVIII.
Fig. 1.—Ruby Gap, Hale River.
Fig. 2.—Emily Gap (through which a tributary of the Todd
River flows), east of Alice Springs, MacDonnell Ranges...
Pirate XXIX.
Fig. 1.—Simpson Gap (through which a tributary of the
Finke River flows), west of Alice Springs, MacDonnell Ranges.
Vig. 2.—Red Mulga (Acacia cyperophylla, F. v. M.). An
acacia reaching a height of about 20 ft. of very local distribution.
It is peculiar in having deciduous bark of a red colour wien peels.
off in flakes.
PratE XXX.
Fig. 1.—Branches of Red Mulga (Acacia cyperophylla,
F. v. M.), showing the characteristic deciduous bark peeling off
in curled flakes.
Fig. 2.—Stinking Acacia, Giddea, or Gidgee fener homa-
lophylla, A. Cunn.).
East.
417
Prats XXXI.
Fig. 1.—Fine specimen of Desert Oak (Casuarina Decaisneana,
F. vy. M.) growing in the sandy country of the Finke basin to a
height of 40 to 50 ft. Porcupine Grass (Triodia, sp.) in the
foreground.
Fig. 2.—Young Desert Oak (Casuarina Decaisneana, F. v. M.).
Porcupine Grass (Triodia, sp.) in the foreground.
Pruate XXXII.
Fig. 1.—Young Desert Oak (Casuarina Decaisneana, F.v. M.).
Porcupine Grass (Triodia, sp.) in the foreground.
Fig. 2.—Trunk of Desert Oak (Casuarina Decaisneana,
F. vy. M.) showing characteristic rough bark.
Prats XXXII.
Fig. 1.—EHucalyptus terminalis, F. v. M. <A widely distributed
eucalypt, growing chiefly on rocky slopes and tablelands.
Fig. 2.—Tall Palms (Invistona Mane, F. v. M.) growing in
the Glen of Palms (Palm Creek).
PLATE XXXIV.
Fig. 1.—Two young Palms (Livistona Mane, F. v. M.) in
Palm Creek in the foreground, with a single tall specimen at the
back.
Fig. 2.—Cycad (Encephalartos MacDonnell, F. v. M.) growing
on the rocks in the Krichauff Ranges. This cycad is found also
gregariously in association with the palms in Palm Glen.
PLATE XXXV.
Fig. 1.—Rock face at Emily Gap, MacDonnell Ranges, show-
ing sacred paintings associated with the Witchety Grub Totem
of the Arunta tribe, of which this locality forms the most
important centre.
Fig. 2.—Rock paintings at Urinilla Springs, 20 miles west of
Hale River and 40 miles south of Love Creek, MacDonnell Ranges.
The paintings are done in red ochre and white clay.
Puate XXXVI.
Fig. 1.—Performers (Arunta natives) in the Devil Dance,
Alice Springs, MacDonnell Ranges.
Fig. 2.—Group of Arunta natives decorated for the per-
formance of a stage in the initiatory ceremonies of young men.
The central feature is a long decorated Churinga, at the base of
which are two smaller Churinga, of which two are decorated with
a snake pattern. Some of the men hold decorated spears, and
one a decorated wand, and all but one wear ornaments of flaked
sticks in their hair.
Prate XXXVII.
Fig. 1.—Closer view of the decorated Churinga and of three
of the performers shown in plate xxxvl.
Fig. 2.—An old Arunta man, one of the performers shown in
plates xxxvi. and xxxvii., holding in the right hand a Churinga
decorated with the snake pattern and in the left a decorated
wand.
O
418
(5) Mammalia.
By Epear R. Waite, F.L.S., Director S.A. Museum.
[Contribution from the South Australian Museum. |
CHIROPTERA.
NycTINoMUS AUSTRALIS, Gray (Molossus australis, Gray,
Mag. Zool. and Bot., 1., 1838, p. 501).—Two specimens. One
of these is evidently the example referred to by Captain White
as follows:—‘‘A large dark-coloured bat was brought to me
by one of the natives, who told me it was captured asleep in
a deep cavern or hole in the rocks. No bat of this description
was seen flying at any time during our trip.’’ This species
was not taken by the Horn Expedition, the only mem-
bers of the Chiroptera recorded being Megaderma gigas,
Dobson, and Vyctophilus timoriensis, Geoffroy.
VESPERUGO PUMILUS, Gray (Scotophilus pumilus, Gray,
Append. Grey’s Aust. Journ., 11., 1841, p. 406).—Two
examples. The species does not appear to have been pre-
viously recorded from Central Australia. In the report of
the Horn Expedition, Spencer states that Nyctophilus
tumoriensis was the commenest species of bat in the central
district, being met with everywhere. Captain White is in-
clined to associate the small bats seen on the wing with the
two specimens obtained, and supples the following note :—
‘“Only one species of bat was seen flying, and this was a small
one. On two or three occasions while ascending the Finke
River a small bat or two came out and flew round quite early
in the evenings, long before the light had faded away. One
evening a small bat appeared so early that a Black-throated
“Butcher Bird’ (Cracticus nigrogularis) set off in pursuit of
it, but the bird had no chance with the bat. Some time
later an aborigine was bringing in firewood, and in the
branch of a large dead mulga (Acacia aneura, F. v M.) he
discovered two small bats, to which he drew my attention,
and I believe these to be of the same kind as those observed
flying early in the evenings.”’
MURID 44.
Mus HERMANNSBURGENSIS, Waite (Mus hermannsburg-
ensis, Waite, Rep. Horn Exped., 11., 1896, p. 405, pl. xxvi.,
fig. 5).—Three specimens, two adults and one young.
MARSUPIALIA.
NororycTEs TYPHLOPS, Stirling (Psammoryctes typhlops,
Stirling, Trans: Roy; Soc.,.'S/A., xi.) (1889) ps) 2, amedioate
1889, p. 158).—Two specimens. The method by which the
@) Spencer, Rep. Horn Exp., 11., 1896, p. 11.
419
moles were obtained is narrated as follows by Captain White:
—‘‘During the night of August 18, 1913, when we camped
near Crown Point, a shower of rain fell. Next morning one
of the natives from a camp situated in the sandy bed of the
Finke River brought me a dead marsupial mole. Questioned
as to where and how he found the specimen, the native made
me understand he had tracked it that morning and dug it
out of the sand. I at once set out with the black in search
of more. My guide took me back some little distance from
the Finke and began searching about for tracks, but after
trudging for two hours in the sand we started back for camp.
We had not gone far when my dusky companion gave a loud
grunt of satisfaction, and on reaching his side he pointed to a
small track in the sand. It was a strange track, not showing
any distinct footprints, and appeared as if the animal had
dragged its body along the ground, and as far as I was con-
cerned it might have been made by a mammal, bird, or
reptile, the track was so confusing. Not so with the native,
for he gave me to understand from the moment he came upon
it that it was made by a mole. He carefully followed it round
a few bushes of cane-grass and then it disappeared. This did
not trouble my guide in the least; he put his spear and
womerah carefully on a bush and started to dig with his
hands in the sand. After a few minutes he stopped and
placed a stick along the horizontal passage evidently made by
the animal; he then dug a hole in the direction indicated by
the stick, and at about 2 ft. from the surface pulled out a
mole; when placed in my hand I am almost sure it made a
low squeaking noise.. Taking the mole to the camp I placed
it in a box with sand, and also put in the roots of a plant which
are roasted and eaten by the natives, who told me that the
mole would eat these yam-like roots. I looked at the mole in
the evening, but it was dead, and on examining the roots
found one had been nibbled. I had always looked upon the
animal as an insect eater.”’
(c) Aves.
By S. A. Wurtz, M.B.O.U.
Family DROMICEIID&.
DROMICEIUS NOVH-HOLLANDIZ (Emu).
Most of the country passed over was far too dry for these
birds. A solitary bird was seen on Macumba, and a few on
(1) The nomenclature of this section (Aves) is after Mr. Gregory
M. Mathews, F.R.S.E.
02
420
the foot-hills of the MacDonnell Ranges, and all were very
wild. An old bird with five young was seen when passing
_ through the MacDonnells.
Family MEGAPODIIDA.
LEIPOA OCELLATA ROSIN (Hastern Mallee Fowl).
Although we did not see this bird, there is no doubt they
exist 1n numbers to the west of our track, for we were
repeatedly told of the mounds by the blacks, also of their
taking the eggs.
Family COLUMBID.
STICTOPELEIA CUNEATA (Eastern Spotted-shouldered Dove).
Throughout the central regions this pretty little bird was
found. When camped in some of the most miserable locali-
ties we were cheered by its soft, cooing note. Many immature
birds were met with, but the nesting seemed to be over. Great
numbers fall victims to the hawks in the desert country.
PHAPS CHALCOPTERA (Bronze-winged Pigeon).
Although found in many localities, could not be said to
be plentiful anywhere. In some localities they came in to
water in fair numbers long after dark, tumbled on to the
ground more than alighted, then ran in a kind of blind way
to the water, to which they must be directed by scent, for it
was too dark to see. These birds arrived at the water as late
as 9 p.m., and must have flown a long distance from out back.
LOPHOPHAPS PLUMIFERA LEUCOGASTER (White-bellied
Plumed-Pigeon).
These lovely little birds were met with very often after
leaving Horseshoe Bend. Nearly every waterhole along the
Finke had a: small company of them in close proximity during
the day time. Morning and evening they were seen hopping
down the red-and-brown sandstone cliffs, which they resemble
very much in colour; in fact, when they remained motionless
they could not be picked out from the stones at very short
range. They move about within a short distance of water,
in parties of from ten to thirty. When flushed they rise with
a quick flapping of the wings, like so many members of the
same genus; but after proceeding a short way they soar with
outstretched wings in a very pleasing manner, and do not
go far before alighting again. They move quickly over the
rocks and stones, bobbing their heads up and down, which
gives the crest a strange waving appearance, the males making
a low, cooing sound while moving about. Towards the end of
421
our expedition in October females were dissected with fully-
developed eggs in the oviduct, but no nests were found.
OcyYPHAPS LOPHOTES (Crested Pigeon).
A common bird throughout the country traversed.
Wherever there was water these birds were sure to be found.
Each morning and evening they could be seen making for
the water, perhaps fifty birds together. They would rise, two
or three at a time, with the loud clapping of the wings like
the domestic pigeon. They fly low down for a few hundred
yards, alight on the ground, or low branches of trees or
shrubs, then on to the ground, along which they will run
for a few yards, then on the wing again, and this goes on till
the water is reached. We have seen a dozen or more running
down a steep incline single file to drink. We did not see any
sign of nesting during the time we were amongst them. The
birds from the central regions are certainly smaller, but the
colourations and markings are about the same as the birds
found south.
Family RALLIDA.
MIcCROTRIBONYX VENTRALIS WHITEI (Eastern Black-tailed
Native Hen).
Two or three birds were seen at the hot mound-springs
of Dalhousie. They were feeding on the bank near the
water, and when we alarmed them they gave a harsh warning
call, bobbing their tails up and down, took to the water at a
narrow neck, and gracefully swam to the other side, and soon
disappeared amidst a mass of salinacious plants.
PORPHYRIO MELANOTUS (Eastern Bald Coot).
A few birds were seen in the high reeds (Arundo
phragmites) which grew upon the low ground near the
springs, and over which the overflow spreads from the large
hot spring at Dalhousie. Unfortunately no specimen could
be procured, owing to the boggy nature of the ground, and
we could not induce the natives to enter the reeds—they
seemed to have some superstition about this place. Obser-
vations made with field-glasses point to these birds being
identical with our southern species.
FULICA ATRA TASMANICA (Eastern Coot).
A party of these birds was on the large hot spring at
Dalhousie; they did not attempt to take to wing, but relied
on their diving powers to keep out of harm’s way. Also met
with on Boggy Waterhole, Finke River.
422
Family PODICIPID.
TACHYBAPTUS RUFICOLLIS NOVH-HOLLANDIZ (Black-throated
Grebe).
This grebe was found on nearly all the large waterholes
on our line of march, and at one or two waterholes a great
number of immature birds were seen, showing that they must
have nested there a few months previous to our visit.
Family CHARADRIIDA.
ELSEYA MELANOPS (Black-fronted Dotterel).
An occasional bird cr two was often seen running on the
sand near the waterholes of the interior.
Family GLAREOLID A.
STILTIA ISABELLA (Australian Pratincole).
One specimen only was met with running along the damp
sand at the edge of a large waterhole in the Finke River.
Family BURHINID 2.
BURHINUS MAGNIROSTRIS (Hastern Stone Plover).
We heard the call of this bird one night near the
Macumba Creek, but did not meet with it in the day time,
and did not hear it after entering the Northern Territory.
Family OTIDID&.
AUSTROTIS AUSTRALIS (Australian Bustard).
These fine birds were met with in numbers south of
Oodnadatta along the railway line. Only one or two were
seen on our course north. Tracks of this bird were noted on
many occasicns in the sand.
Family PSOPHIIDA.
MATHEWSIA RUBICUNDA (Australian Crane).
Although their tracks were often seen in the soft sand,
only once did we see this bird. Natives in many places:
assured us that they were plentiful at times after rain.
Family PLEGADIDA.
PLATIBIS FLAVIPES (Yellow-billed Spoonbill).
Quite a number came under our notice when descending
the Lindsay Creek. They were following the waterholes, as
they dried up, in search of small fish, molluscs, and crustacea.
When disturbed they flew up into the high dead gums, where
they perched for several hours at a time.
423
Family ARDEIDZ.
NoToOPHOYX NOV-E-HOLLANDIZ (White-fronted Heron).
A few examples of this species were met with. Often a
single bird would fly away on our approaching a waterhole.
- Nearly all the large holes in the Finke had a bird or two near
them.
Myoua paciFica (White-necked Heron).
A few of these fine birds were found upon the Lindsay
Creek and at Hamilton Bore on our return journey.
NycTicoRax CALEponicus (Australian Night Heron).
This bird was occasionally seen roosting during the day
time amongst the thick branches of the red gums (/. rostrata)
growing along the watercourses. A specimen secured is very
dark on the back compared with our southern specimens.
Family ANATID A.
CHENONETTA JUBATA (Wood Duck or Maned Goose).
This beautiful goose is dispersed over the whole of the
country traversed by us, thus is at all permanent waters and
large waterholes. We met with one, and sometimes two,
birds in the company cf ducks and grebes. On some large
waterholes on the Lindsay Creek quite large flocks were seen.
CASARCA TADORNOIDES (Mountain Duck).
A pair of these birds was seen at Dalhousie Springs,
South Australia, and another pair at Memory Bore, also in
South Australia. They were very wild, and even the natives
were unable to get within gunshot of them.
ANAS SUPERCILIOSA ROGERSI (Black Duck).
These were met with in thousands on the hot springs at
Dalhousie. All through the country we met with a few pairs
at every large waterhole.
VIRAGO GIBBERIFRONS (Grey Teal).
On the large hot mound-springs of Dalhousie these birds
were very numerous; they were also in great numbers on
many of the large waterholes and springs throughout the
country. Numbers of fully-fledged young were amongst: flocks
of adult birds.
SPATULA RHYNCHOTIS (Australian Shoveller).
A few of these birds were seen in company with other
ducks at Dalhousie hot springs and in the waterholes along
the Finke, but they were far more numerous along the
Lindsay Creek.
424
MALACORHYNCHUS MEMBRANACEUS (Pink-eared Duck).
A pair of these little ducks was.secured at almost the
source of the Finke in the MacDonnell Ranges. Their breasts
were very much stained with the red clay, and appear to
be smaller than our southern birds. This is the only locality
in which these birds were found.
Nyroca austRALIs (White-eyed Duck).
These were not plentiful anywhere. A few were observed
at Dalhousie Springs and on the Lindsay Creek.
Family PHALACROCORACID A.
PHALACROCORAX CARBO (Black Cormorant).
These were met with along the Finke River and on the
Lindsay Creek at Eringa. On the latter watercourse there
were large parties feeding on the fish, which could be easily
captured in the fast-drying pools. At Hamilton Bore a large
sheet of water is formed by the overflow of the bore water,
and this had attracted great numbers of these birds. Thirty
were counted sitting out on the bank with outstretched wings,
drying themselves after a fishing expedition.
MESOCARBO ATER (Little Black Cormorant).
We met with a pair of these birds at a large waterhole,
about 40 miles east of the Hale River, in practically unknown
country. This is the only occasion on which they were seen.
HYPOLEUCUS VARIUS HYPOLEUCUS (Hastern Pied Cormorant).
Seen several times at waterholes on the Finke; often
sitting on large rocks near the water.
Family PELECANIDZ.
CATOPTROPELICANUS CONSPICILLATUS (Hastern Pelican).-
Two or three of these large birds were met with at Boggy
Hole, on the Finke. This was the only place they were seen.
It is difficult to say if the birds seen belonged to the eastern
or western form.
Family FALCONID.
CIRCUS ASSIMILIS (Spotted Harrier).
A fine pair of these hawks were seen at Dalhousie Springs,
but were not again met with.
LEUCOSPIZA NOV#-HOLLANDIZ (White Goshawk).
Only two of these birds were seen throughout the trip,
but, despite my efforts, I was unable to secure either.
425
Urospiza FASCIATA (Australian Goshawk).
Two or three specimens were met with on Macumba Sta-
tion, in South Australia, but they were not seen further
north.
ACCIPITER CIRROCEPHALUS (Collard Sparrow Hawk).
One or two birds were seen near the waters, and came
night and morning to prey upon the chestnut-eared finches,
and seemingly killed a good many of them.
URO&ZTUS auDAx (Wedge-tailed Eagle).
These birds were not at all numerous. A pair would be
met with at long intervals through the MacDonnell Ranges,
but nowhere did we find them in numbers. The natives seek
the white down from these fine birds for decorating their
bodies.
HIERAEZTUS MORPHNOIDES (Little Eagle).
Little eagles were not numerous. A specimen was secured
on the Finke, near Crown Point.
HALIASTUR SPHENURUS (Whistling Eagle).
These widely-distributed birds were fairly numerous along
the Finke, where they evidently breed.
MILVUS KORSCHUN AFFINIS (Allied Kite).
A single example was seen perched on a dead mulga-tree
for some time, when it flew to the ground, captured a lizard,
and flew away with it to a rocky ridge.
LoPHOICTINIA ISURA (Square-tailed Kite).
These birds were found in the spinifex country south of
the MacDonnell Ranges.
GYPOICITINIA MELANOSTERNA (Black-breasted Buzzard).
A few were seen, generally flying high, but once or twice
they came quite close to the camp.
ELANUS AXILLARIS (Black-shouldered Kite).
Not numerous; met with in sandhill country near Cham-
bers Pillar.
FALCO LONGIPENNIS (Little Falcon).
These swift-flying birds were fairly numerous in com-
parison to other members of the hawk tribe. A pair were
nearly always found at the waters, where they preyed upon
small parrots and finches. It is a very bold and daring bird.
426
NOTOFALCO SUBNIGER (Black Falcon).
A fine specimen was seen while we were ascending Ellery
Creek. This was the only occasion on which it was met with.
IERACIDEA BERIGORA (Striped Brown Hawk).
This is a common bird throughout the central region;
we found them nesting all through the country. Took fresh
eggs in July, August, September, and October, and there
were young nearly ready to fly in nests observed during the
same months of the year. I see no variation between this
bird and those we collected west of Port Augusta. Diet seems
to be chiefly lizards, insects, and an occasional small or young
bird.
CERCHNEIS CENCHROIDES (Nankeen Kestrel).
Found all through the central regions; thinly dispersed
all over the country. We found them nesting in hollow
spouts of the red gum which grows along the watercourses.
Diet consists of insects, small reptiles, and an occasional small
mammal.
Family STRIGID AL.
SPILOGLAUX BOOBOOK MARMORATA (Marbled Owl).
These birds were often heard calling at night, but all our
efforts to secure a specimen were in vain. Even the natives
failed to secure one.
Family TYTONIDA.
TyTo ALBA DELICATULA (Masked Owl).
Found all through the country, and their weird, screech-
ing calls were often heard at night.
Family CACATOID 4.
CaLYPTORHYNCHUS BANKSII STELLATUS (Red-tailed Cockatoo).
Met with for the first time a little south cf Idracowra,
on the Finke, after which hardly a day passed without seeing
a flock pass over. They move about at times in large flocks
up to several hundreds; procure most of their food on the
ground. When they come in to water, night and morning,
they make a most terrific noise. We have heard them flying
round the camp and calling loudly long after dark. They
seem to eat the seeds of the desert dak (Casuarina Decaisneana)
at times. The female has a hehter bill than the male, and
the feathers about the face and neck spotted with yellow ;
tail feathers also mottled with same colour. This, I believe,
has been considered the immature phase up to this by some
ornithologists. JI am quite sure, from the large number dis-
sected, that the lighter-coloured bill and yellow markings on
tail and body are characteristics of the female. Their call is
like other members of the genus—a most discordant screech.
427
LOPHOCHROA LEADBEATERI (Pink Cockatoo).
A small party of these birds was met with on the upper
reaches of the Finke River, and one example secured. This
was the only occasion on which we met with these birds. It
is quite possible they wander over a large extent of country.
EOLOPHUS ROSEICAPILLUS (Rose-breasted Cockatoo).
We met with these birds in great numbers in the foot-
hills of the MacDonnell Ranges; flocks up to several hundreds
were seen feeding on the ground. This species was again seen
near Mount Benstead, east of Alice Springs.
LEPTOLOPHUS AURICOMIS (Cockatoo Parrot).
Not plentiful. One or two small parties were observed
coming in to water at holes in the Finke.
BARNARDIUS ZONARIUS (7?) (Yellow-banded Parrot).
This bird undoubtedly differs greatly in its bright plumage
from our southern birds, and just as much from Barnardius
zonarius occidentalis, North. We met with this beautiful
parrot all through the expedition; wherever there was water
in the gum-lined creeks, so sure this bird would be found.
PSEPHOTUS VARIUS ROSINZ (Southern Many-coloured
Parrot).
We found these birds thinly dispersed all over the country
worked; they were often flushed amongst the mulga when
they were picking up the fallen seeds from this tree. The
plumage of specimens made is much lighter than our southern
bird, and shows little or no red on abdomen.
MELOPSITTACUS UNDULATUS (Shell Parrot or Warbling Grass
Parrot).
These beautiful little birds were congregated in large
flocks of many hundreds, and when we were camped near water
they came in to drink night and morning, wheeling round many
times before they alighted on some dead shrub, which was at
once changed into a brilliant mass of light-green and yellow.
From this perch they flew down to the water’s edge to drink.
Two or three birds would lose their lives and become food for
the hawks before they left the watering-place. We found these
birds nesting in August at one place only.
Family PODARGID.
PODARGUS STRIGOIDES (Tawny Frogmouth).
Observed these birds on the first part of our journey, that
is, in South Australia, but did mot hear or see them in the
Northern Territory.
428
ANGOTHELES (?) (Owlet Nightjar).
We procured a very reddish species of this bird, and owing
to the lack of material for comparison, have been unable to
make sure of its identity, but have forwarded specimen to Mr.
G. M. Mathews, of England, for his opinion.
Family ALCEDINID.
CYANALCYON PYRRHOPYGIUS (Red-beaked Kingfisher).
These were found all over the country, sometimes a long
way from water ; their strange, harsh cry has a wonderful ring
when heard in that desolate country. The head is darker and
showing much more green in comparison with the birds found
south, the rump is also richer in colour. Many nests were seen
containing eggs and young, and always placed in a hole made
in bank of creek.
Family MEROPIDZ.
CoSMEROPS oRNATUS (Australian Bee-eater).
This is a common bird over the vast interior. We met
with it everywhere, and during the latter part of our journey
came upon them in great numbers. Having collected together
for breeding, they were very busy making their tunnels in the
sides of the sandhills, but had not up to then (October) laid
any eggs.
Family CAPRIMULGID 2.
Evurostopopus (?) (Nightjar).
A bird of this family was heard calling many times at
night, but a specimen could not be obtained for identification.
Family HIRUNDINIDA.
HIRUNDO NEOXENA (Welcome Swallow).
Met with in many places not only round the habitation
of man, but in the deep rocky valleys of the ranges, where their
nests were attached to the rocks in shallow caverns.
CHERAMGCA LEUCOSTERNUM STONEI (Hastern Black-and-white
Swallow).
These are found all over the central regions. They were
nesting in many places ; from fresh eggs to fully-fledged young
were found during August, September, and October.
LAGENOPLASTES ARIEL (Fairy Martin).
Numbers of these birds were seen in the ranges where they
built their retort-shaped nests on the sides of the cliffs and in
the caves.
429
Family MUSCICAPID 2.
WHITEORNIS GOODENOVII (Southern Red-capped Robin).
This familiar little bird was found all over the country—
on the table-lands, sandhill country, and ranges. Not plentiful
in any one spot, just a pair here and there.
MELANODRYAS CUCULLATA ViGoRSI (Southern Hooded Robin).
This is one of the most widely-dispersed birds of the
interior, and we found it in almost every situation possible.
A very silent bird, and will sit motionless on a twig near the
ground for a long while, then, at the sight of an insect, will
flit to the ground in a most silent and soft way, returning to
its perch to watch again. Except for their movement, their
presence in the silent mulga scrubs would never be detected.
We found these birds nesting in August.
SMICRORNIS BREVIROSTRIS FLAVESCENS (Yellow-tinted
Tree Tit).
We met with these small birds as soon as we reached
the Finke. Its note is very loud for such a small bird. We
observed them high up amongst the red gum tops, also many
times in the mulga scrub amongst the small bushes close to
the ground. They seem to be found all along the watercourses
and through the ranges. They build a beautiful little sus-
pended nest, made of soft dead leaves attached to one another
by cobwebs and lined with feathers. The nest, in shape, is
like that of the Diceum.
LEucocIRCcA TRICOLOR (Black-and-white Fantail).
This familiar bird was met with at all stations and home-
steads, also hundreds of miles from all habitations, in locali-
ties where it is very doubtful if white man, up to our visit,
had ever trod, and here these birds were found to be as
trustful and as quiet, if not more so, than when they are in
constant association with man. These birds are much disliked
by the natives, and the old people say that they hang about
their wurlies and are for ever eavesdropping and carrying tales,
telling other natives what they (the birds) hear. So that
when these birds are about they speak of anything important
only in a whisper.
Family CAMPOPHAGID 2.
PTEROPODOCYS MAXIMA (EKastern Ground Cuckoo-Shrike).
We met with this graceful bird once or twice on our wa
up the Finke. They were exceedingly shy and difficult to
approach. Their flight and call are very distinct from Cora-
cina melanops, and the forked tail, which shows very plainly
when flying, and their call draws attention to them at once.
430
CoRACINA NOVH-HOLLANDIZ MELANOPS (Black-faced
Cuckoo-Shrike).
A very common bird throughout the country. Met with
in almost every situation, but did not see any signs of nesting.
LALAGE TRICOLOR (White-shouldered Caterpillar-eater).
These birds were fairly numerous, and scattered over all
the central regions.
Family TIMELIIDA.
SAMUELA CINNAMOMEA (Cinnamon Ground Bird).
Plentiful in the sandhill country, -and in the early morn-
ings could be heard calling to one another in their faint little
whistle. They can pass over the ground amongst the spinifex
bushes with great rapidity, and once lost sight of are seldom
seen again, for their colouration so harmonizes with the
country they inhabit. We found these birds a great distance
from any water, and it is my belief they can go the longest
without water of any of the ground birds.
POMATOSTOMUS TEMPORALIS RUBECULUS (Red-breasted
Babbler).
A common bird north of Crown Point. They build large
stick nests in tall trees 40 to 50 feet from the ground. All
“nests contained large young. Their habits are very like other
members of the genus. They move about in small parties,
hopping over the ground in a very nimble fashion, turning
over small stones, bark, etc., in search of insects, uttering
strange, harsh cries all the time.
MOoRGANORNIS SUPERCILIOSUS (White-browed Babbler).
These birds were fairly plentiful till we reached the lati-
tude of Charlotte Waters, when P. rubeculus took their place,
and were seldom met with in the Northern Territory.
Family TURDID.
PAREPTHIANURA TRICOLOR (Tricoloured Chat).
Fairly plentiful round Oodnadatta and was met with, at
times, up to the MacDonnell Ranges, but not in numbers.
This bird prefers the open scrub land to the plains. I have
noted this before, especially west of Port Augusta. Specimens
collected show very dark-red on head.
AUREPTHIANURA AURIFRONS (Orange-fronted Chat).
Met with round Oodnadatta, but does not seem to go far
north as we did not see it in the Northern Territory.
431
Family SYLVIID.
CoNOPODERAS AUSTRALIS (?) (Southern Reed Warbler).
These birds were heard singing in the rushes and flags at
Dalhousie ; were unable to get a specimen there, but were more
fortunate at Horseshoe Bore. The birds obtained appear much
more rufous than those found farther south.
PooDYTES GRAMINEUS DUBIUS (7) (Southern Grass Bird).
We saw what we took to be this bird and the call was
identical with the southern bird. Owing to the reeds and flags
(round a small hot spring at Dalhousie) being very dense, we
were unable to procure a specimen. Evidently there were very
few birds and those seen were very shy. We did not meet with
it in any other locality.
' ACANTHIZA UROPYGIALIS CONDORA (Pale Chestnut-rumped Tit).
This bird was met with in parts amongst the mulga. They
were very silent, moving about from branch to branch in search
of insects, and showed more the movement of Climacteris than
Acanthiza. They seem to be very thinly distributed over the
whole of the central region from Oodnadatta to the MacDonnell
Ranges.
ACANTHIZA PUSILLA HAMILTONI (Red-rumped Tit).
Found in small flocks during the first part of our JOUER SY
but disappeared as we approached the ranges.
PYRRHOLZMUS BRUNNEUS (Redthroat).
These birds were only met with once, at the foot of the
MacDonnell Ranges.
MALURUS MELANOTUS CALLAINUS (Turquoise Wren).
First met with in the MacDonnell Ranges, but on our
return journey to the east we found them much farther south.
This would be the bird described by North in the proceedings
of the Horn Expedition as /. melanotus. I am perfectly sure
the latter bird was not found in that country. Malurus
(IM. callainus) was invariably found in the mulga scrub where
they were often seen flying very high, and would often perch
on the top of a mulga 30 or 40 feet from the ground ; this bird
does not like the salt or low bush country.
HALLoRNIS CyanotTus (White-winged Wren).
This little bird enjoys a wonderful range in South Australia,
from the plains round Adelaide to the furthest point north
which we reached. Unlike the former species, they frequent
the salt bush plains and low bush country, where they build
their nests.
432
LEGGEORNIS LAMBERTI MORGANI (Southern Blue-breasted
Wren).
This sub-species seems to be constant throughout the
central regions, and was met with all through our trip, on
the ranges and plains alike. A large series of birds collected
show the constant light-blue ear-coverts and crown of head.
DIAPHORILLAS TEXTILIS ( ?) (Western Grass Wren).
I have my doubts about this bird being D. tectilis,
although it answers to the description of the bird allotted the
name by North, in the Horn Expedition. We found them
hopping over the stones (in a very lively manner, calling
loudly) on the slopes of the MacDonnell Ranges.
EYRAMYTIS GOYDERI (Lake Eyre Grass Wren).
We saw this bird on three or four occasions, always in
the dry, sandy watercourses, but they always escaped into
large masses of debris which were piled up against the trees
by the flood waters. Notwithstanding that these heaps of
rubbish were surrounded by our boys and set fire to they
escaped. It was not until we were half-way between Her-
mannsburg and Alice Springs that a specimen was secured.
Family ARTAMIDA.
‘CAMPBELLORNIS PERSONATUS MUNNA (Masked Wood Swallow).
We met with these birds in places on our return journey
in October. One could not say they were plentiful.
AUSTRARTAMUS MELANOPS (Black-faced Wood Swallow).
These were found all over the country, but much more
numerous south of Charlotte Waters than north of that line.
PSEUDARTAMUS CYANOPTERUS (Wood Swallow).
Plentiful from the head of the line to the MacDonnell
Ranges.
MICRARTAMUS MINOR (Little Wood Swallow).
We met with these rare birds in Ellery Creek. Our
camel train was passing up the sandy bed of the creek, with
high rugged cliffs on either side, a small party of seven or
eight birds. were seen, but through my riding camel playing
up and making much noise only one was secured. I think
this is the furthest south a skin has been collected in the
Northern Territory. Habits seem the same as other members
of the genus.
Family PRIONOPID.
COLLURICINCLA RUFIVENTRIS (Buff-bellied Shrike-Thrush).
Examples were met with all through the central regions;
they impressed us as being remarkably silent.
433
GRALLINA CYANOLEUCA (Magpie-Lark).
Seen in many places throughout the central region where-
ever the waters were anything like permanent.
Family LANIIDZ.
GYMNORHINA TIBICENS INTERMISSA( ?) (Victorian Black-backed
Magpie).
We did not meet with this bird till we got fairly high
up on the Finke, and as we approached the MacDonnell
Ranges they became more plentiful. They were certainly far
more numerous than G. hypoleuca lewconota. North-east of
Arltunga, in the Hart Mountains, both species were seen on
the same plain within a mile of each other.
GYMNORHINA HYPOLEUCA LEUCONOTA (White-backed Magpie).
These birds were first seen east of Alice Springs, where
they were not plentiful, in small parties, in the same country
as the above species, but we saw no intermingling of the two
closely-allied species. This is a new record for the central
regions, I believe.
CRACTICUS NIGROGULARIS, sub.-sp.(?) (Black-throated
Butcher Bird).
These birds were fairly plentiful all along the Finke
River. We greatly enjoyed their beautiful carol in the early
mornings. They have without doubt a glorious voice, and
many of their short calls are full of tone and volume of sound.
They are very pugnacious birds, and wage war upon all other
birds that come in sight. The first year’s plumage seems to
be a dull-grey for both sexes, although old hands in that
country told me the grey birds were females; but I proved
this to be incorrect.
BULESTES ToRQUATUS, sub-sp.(?) (Collared Butcher Bird).
Not plentiful. A few were seen in the mulga scrubs;
very often a solitary bird, which made us often think the
mate may be nesting, but we never succeeded in locating a
nest. We did not see this species.in the ranges. One bird
dissected ; the stomach contents were numerous grasshoppers.
OREOICA CRISTATA (Crested Bell Bird). |
Although this bird was found thinly distributed over
nearly all the country we worked, it was not nearly so plentiful
as one would expect, and we did not hear them calling at any
time with the same zest as they do farther south.
434
APHELOCEPHALA LEUCOPSIS, sub-sp.(?) (Murchison
Whiteface).
Distributed very generally over the central regions. We
collected specimens soon after leaving the head of the line and
up to the MacDonnell Ranges. They were often found in
company with A. nigricincta. I quite agree with others that
A. lewcopsis is not found in the central regions; evidently
this bird was mistaken by the Horn Expedition for it.
APHELOCEPHALA NIGRICINOTA (Black-banded Whiteface).
This species was discovered by the Horn Expedition and
described by North (762s 1895). It was not until: we were
approaching the Northern Territory boundary that we met
with these birds. Up to that time A. lewcopsis, sub-sp. ( ?), was
met with, and after passing Charlotte Waters the both species
occurred. A. nigricincta was found nesting in the low bushes.
Their habits do not differ from other: members of the genus.
Their note is a much weaker one, and can be identified from
the other species at once. They spend much of their time on
the ground, making a twittering call when hopping about in
a sprightly manner in companies of eight or ten, sometimes
more.
SPHENOSTOMA CRISTATUM (Wedgebill).
This may be Mathew’s northern subspecies S. cristatum
tanami. Strange to say, we only met with this bird in one
place. On the Finke River a pair were calling amongst some
dead acacias and were very shy; their movements are very
quick, and they keep low down in the undergrowth.
Family SETTIDA.
NEOSITTA PILEATA TENUIROSTRIS (Slender-billed Tree-runner).
Met with in many places, both out on the level country
and in the ranges. Once we came upon a small party in the
sandhill country. Their habits and call appear the same as
those found farther south.
Family CERTHIIDA.
CLIMACTERIS ERYTHROPS SUPERCILIOSA (White-browed
Tree-creeper).
We were not surprised to meet with this bird, it being the
type locality. They were nowhere plentiful, and seemed to
have a preference for the mulga country. Skins collected by
us at Lake Gairdner, South Australia (see ‘‘Emu,’’ vol. xii.,
p. 31), show little or no variation. Notes given in the “Emu”
can be applied to these birds in the central regions.
435
Family DICHID ZA. |
AUSTRODICEUM HIRUNDINACUM (Mistletoe Bird).
Wherever ( Lorinthus ) mistletoe grew upon the trees (there
were many species of this parasite, some very beautiful) these
bright little birds were seen; their sharp note cannot be mis-
taken. The range of this bird over Australia is indeed great.
PARDALOTUS RUBRICATUS, sub-sp. (?) (Red-browed Pardalote).
We did not meet with this bird till we were close on the
borders of the Northern Territory. While ascending Christmas
Creek I heard its call, which differs much from all the other
members of the genus. I knew it was a Pardalote, but had to
“2 the species. In spite of all my efforts during the greater
part of a very hot day, I was unsuccessful in securing a
specimen. It was not until a few days later, at Blood Creek,
the same call was heard again, which consists of two notes
exactly alike made in quick succession; we then secured a
pair. From that time onwards we found them plentiful,
nearly always in the gums growing along the watercourses,
but on rare occasions we found them out in the mulga scrub.
PARDALOTINUS STRIATUS SUBAFFINIS(?) (South Australian
Pardalote).
It seems that the Horn Expedition did not identify this
bird, and Hill, on the Barclay Expedition, did not name any
definite species of this family, so this is the first record of this
species for the central region. The first bird met with was
near Crown Point, on the Finke, on August 7, 1913, and was
secured. Another specimen was shot at Running Waters on
August 27, 1913. The only variation from the southern bird
is that the red tip is much brighter and deeper, the rump
and upper tail-coverts being a rich and deeper buff. An
immature bird was secured at Hamilton Bore on the return
journey, and it is remarkable in having the bright-red tips,
“ primeries marked strongly with white, lores bright-yellow,
yet no signs of striation appear upon its head, which is of a
light-grey colour, same as back.
Family MELIPHAGID2.
MELITHREPTUS GULARIS L&TEOR (Golden-backed Honey-eater).
We met with this handsome bird in the foliage of the
young gums at Running Waters, on the Finke. We were
attracted by their call, which resembles Jf: gularis. A small
party was busily engaged searching for insects amongst the
gumtops, but they had little peace from the attacks of
Ptilotis leilavalensis. Even after a specimen had been shot,
two Ptilotis followed it to the ground, viciously attacking it
all the time. k
436
GLICIPHILA ALBIFRONS (White-fronted Honey-eater).
Not numerous. In several parts of the ranges they were
seen feeding on the fuchsia bushes (Correa speciosa), and at
sundown they were observed hawking for flying-ants and other
insects.
STIGMATOPS INDISTINCTA (Least Honey-eater).
We met with this bird in the MacDonnell Ranges; they
were very rare.
MELIPHAGA SONORA (Singing Honey-eater).
A very common bird, met with in every locality during
the expedition ; did not see any sign of nesting.
LICHENOSTOMUS KERTLANDI (Grey-headed Honey-eater).
We observed this bird for the first time at Running
Waters, on the Finke; from this locality to the extreme
eastern end of the MacDonnell Ranges and all through the
foothills this bird was plentiful, many were immature,
although fully fledged. Their call, although very lke other
members of the genus, is still easily distinguished from them.
We found them amongst the red gums on the watercourses,
also amongst the mallee on the hillsides. They have a habit
of darting about amongst the low trees and bushes uttering
a scolding note, much after the manner of M. sonora.
LICHENOSTOMUS PLUMULUS ETHEL (Southern Yellow-fronted
Honey-eater). |
This bird was named by Mr. Mathews from specimens
collected by us near Port Augusta two years before. We met
with them out in the vast sandhill country north-east of Deep.
Well. This is a record for the central regions.
PTILOTULA PENICILLATA LEILAVALENSIS (Cloncurry White-
plumed Honey-eater).
This was an extremely common bird, and we collected
it from around Oodnadatta, and then all through our journey.
It partakes much of P. penicillata in habits and note, and,
like this bird, is very pugnacious, attacking every and any
bird that should come in its way, from a tit to a wedge-tailed
eagle. They are quite annoying when one is trying to stalk
some other bird, for they will follow up, calling loudly their
note of alarm. One nest which came under observation was
placed in a sapling, about 15 ft. from the ground, and was
constructed with cobweb, hair, and fur of animals. The nest
is much smaller and shallower than P. penicillata, resembling
more the flycatcher’s nest. The two eggs were almost desti-
_ tute of spots, and the ground-colour was white.
437
MyYZANTHA FLAVIGULA (Yellow-throated Minah).
A common bird all along the watercourses. Wherever
water and gums were found, this bird was there, and in many
places quite numerous. We did not see any sign of nesting.
ACANTHAGENYS RUFOGULARIS CyGNnusS (Southern Spiny-cheeked
Honey-eater).
These birds were fairly plentiful in many localities. We
saw numbers in the country round Chambers Pillar. This
was no doubt owing to the native fuchsia (Correa speciosa)
growing in abundance in this locality.
Family MOTACILLID.
ANTHUS AUSTRALIS, sub-sp.(?) (Australian Pipit).
This familiar bird was observed all over the central
region ; not, however, in any number—an odd pair here and
there. All specimens collected tend to the light-reddish
colourations, as would be expected from the desert country.
Family PLOCHIDA.
THNIOPYGIA CASTANOTIS (Chestnut-eared Finch).
These seem to be the most plentiful birds in the region.
They congregate in thousands, morning and evening, round
the waters of the interior. Their incessant chattering becomes
quite irritating to the ear. Bushes near the water, and also
the ground, are quite white from the droppings of these birds.
They build in the low bushes, and it is not uncommon to see
a dozen or more nests in one bush. They seem the stock food
of many birds of prey, yet their numbers are legion.
EMBLEMA PicTa (Painted Finch).
We met with this beautiful little bird in great numbers
in the deep ravines near Hermannsburg, also near the Glen
of Palms. They were nesting, although the greater part of
the birds were in immature plumage. The nest is easily iden-
tified from that of 7’. castanotis by its shape and the material
used. The dry grass used in the construction is all one kind
and of one colour, and is not used by any other bird that we
found nesting. The eggs vary from three to five, and are
quite white. The birds are very shy, and it took a great deal
of patience to procure specimens.
Family PTILONORHYNCHID.
CHLAMYDERA MACULATA MACDONNELLI (MacDonnell Yellow-
spotted Bower Bird).
These birds were exceptionally shy, and it was only by
greatest patience specimens were secured. They inhabit the
deep clefts and ravines in the MacDonnell Ranges, especially
438
where the wild fig (Ficus platypoda) grows in abundance, for
the fruit of this plant seems to form a large item in their
diet. While watching for these birds one day (I had a wild
native with me) we heard a crow call amongst the rocks over-
head, and directly afterwards the harsh call of the red-rumped
kingfisher. The native made me understand that it was the
bower bird which was imitating the two other birds. This
I am sure was correct, for I could not see either a crow or
kingfisher about. I was informed at Alice Springs that these
birds are great mimics, and that a young bird had been cap-
tured by the natives and kept in confinement for some time
and was then liberated. The bird did not go away from the
telegraph station, and could be heard in the trees close by
every day imitating dogs, fowls, etc., and it is said that the
bird made use of a number of native words. The natives
told me these birds build a nest of sticks in a mulga, 12 or
15 ft. from the ground, and lay two eggs.
; Family CORVIDA.
CoRVUS CORONOIDES PERPLEXUS (Southern Crow).
These birds were fairly plentiful, and scattered all over
the country.
CoRVUS BENNETTI (Small-billed Crow).
This is a new record for the central regions. The two
former expeditions had not noted, most likely, that there
were two species of crows. Specimens were taken in the
MacDonnell Ranges and through the country between there
and Oodnadatta, often in company with C. coronoides.
ADDENDUM.
The ‘‘Austral Avian Record’’ has just come to hand,
and in it I find that Mr. G. M. Mathews, of England, has
dealt with much of the material sent to him by the writer
after returning from his trip into the interior. Mr. Mathews
has been able to describe quite a number of new sub-species,
which necessitates the following corrections to my list :—
Acanthiza pusilla should read Acanthiza p. jayr, Mat.
Diaphorillas textilis should read Diaphorillas t. purnelli,
Mat.
Gymnorhina tibscens should read Gymnorhina t. finkes,
Mat.
A phelocephala leucopsis should read A phelocephala casta-
neiventris whiter, Mat.
Pardalotinus striatus should read Pardalotinus s. finkei,
Mat.
Emblema picta should read E'mblema p. cohele Mat.
439
(2) Stomach Contents of Birds.
By Artaur M. Lea, F.E.S., Museum Entomologist.
[Contribution from the South Australian Museum. |
During the trip Captain White obtained many stomachs,
but the labels of the majority of these were torn off, or the
writing on them was rendered illegible. As no advantage
was to be gained by examining such stomachs they were passed
over, and only those legibly labelled were examined. These
were all obtained in August and September, when approach-
ing Oodnadatta on the return trip. Occasionally several
stomachs were tied together, signifying that these were
obtained at the same time and place. These were examined
together. But stomachs of the same kind of bird not tied
together were examined, and are commented upon separately.
In the following list only the technical names of the
birds are given; the popular ones will be found in Captain
White’s own paper :— 3
Cyanaleyon pyrrhopygius.—Mandible and part of a
grasshopper’s leg.
Whiteornis goodenovu.—Two young grasshoppers and
fragments of many others.
Coracina nove-hollandiea melanops.—Remains of at least
two large sand wasps; part of abdomen of a chrysid wasp;
weevil (Oxyops) and parts of at least two others; many other
fragments, apparently mostly of sand wasps.
Lalage tricolor.—Many lerp scales; remains of two
weevils (Polyphrades) and of another but smaller weevil;
flying ant; many small fragments of insects.
Morganornis supercilicsus.—Remains of at least three
specimens of a weevil (Hleagna); many other fragments of
insects ; some fibrous material.
Parepthianura tricolor (2).—Parts of three chinch bugs;
head and hemelytron of a jassid bug; elytra of a weevil (pro-
bably Storeus); many minute fragments, mostly of homop-
terous insects.
Aurepthianura aurifrons.—Young grasshopper; heads
(three) of pentatomid bugs; elytra (three) of weevils (pro-
bably Polyphrades),; leaf-eating beetle (Ditropidus).
Oreoica cristata.—Many young grasshoppers; some lerp
scales; fly; pupa of a fly (probably one of the common ‘‘blow’’-
flies).
Oe opie castaneiwentris whitez.ctNumerous small
black seeds; a few specimens of three other kinds of seeds; a
slight amount of grit; some minute fragments of very small
insects.
440
A phelocephala nigricincta.—Numerous small seeds of two
kinds; one seed of a third kind; much fine grit; no insect
remains.
Neositta pileata tenwirostris (2)—Many fragments of
small grasshoppers; five weevils (J/elanterius); elytron of a
weevil ; bits of a clerid beetle (probably an Auwlicus or Eleale).
Pardalotus rubricatus.—Several lerp scales; some un-
identifiable fragments, probably of beetles; small pebble.
Another specimen.—Remains of a leaf-eating beetle (Parop-
sis); a few other fragments of insects; some vegetable
substance.
Melithreptus gularis leteor (2).—Four caterpillars; many
fragments of small weevils (probably Storeus); jaw of a
spider.
Lichenostomus kertlandi (4).—Ten heads of small bees;
head of ponerine ant; larva of lace bug; many minute frag-
ments, possibly of A phides.
Ptilotula penicillata leilavalensis—Remains of two
specimens of a weevil (Storeus),; small green chalcid wasps
(two); many other fragments. Another specimen.—Many
lerp scales; leg of grasshopper; head of jassid bug. Two
other specimens.—Remains of two kinds of hymenopterous
insects ; hind body of small weevil; claws of a cheilifer or book
scorpion; many minute fragments of insects. Two other
specimens.—F lying ant; ant (Pheidole); remains of at
least seven kinds of hymenopterous insects; many other frag-
ments, apparently mostly of small bees and ants.
Myzantha flavigula.—Remains of leaf-eating beetle
(Paropsis of the verrucosus group); head and hind leg of
chalcid wasp; weevil (Ozyops); many other fragments of
insects. Another specimen.—Remains of three kinds of
hymenopterous insects; leg of a weevil; head, front tibia,
and hind leg of a curious cockchafer of the Dynastides; many
other fragments of insects.
(e) Lacertilia.
By F. R. Zi=tz.
[Contribution from the South Australian Museum. |
This collection contains 29 species, two of which had not
been recorded previously, from Central Australia. The Horn
Scientific Expedition recorded 41 species. The nomenclature
is taken from the ‘Census of Australian Lizards,” by A. H. 8.
Lucas, M.A., B.Sc., and C. Frost, F.L.S., in the Report of the
eighth meeting of the Australasian Association for the Ad-
vancement of Science, held at Melbourne, Victoria, 1900, p.
256. Captain White’s field-notes are enclosed in brackets
after each species to which they refer.
44]
GECKONID.
Nephrurus levis, De Vis.—|These strange lizards were
met with throughout the central regions. We found them
under stones, fallen trees, etc. They are very sluggish in
their movements. The natives call them ‘‘Ilchigra,’’ and
express great fear of them. On two or three occasions when
I took one amongst the natives they dispersed in all direc-
tions, with exclamations equivalent to the English ‘‘No good.’’”
Their fear is founded on the belief that these lizards will
attach themselves to the penis, thus causing death. |
Ceramodactylus dameus, Lucas and Frost.—{Not at all
plentiful, in fact it was only on rare occasions that these
lizards were seen. They were found mostly under stones;
one was taken from a decaying log. Only met with
on the Finke, between Crown Point and Running Waters. |]
Heteronota bynei, Gray.—[Found fairly plentiful.
Seemed to vary much in colouration. Met with all along the
Finke, but most abundant on the Ellery Creek under bark,
stones, and fallen logs or debris. |
Diplodactylus ciliaris, Boulgr.—[Not plentiful. Always ~
found under the bark of mulga-trees. When captured a very
sticky and nasty-smelling matter is exuded from the spines
on the upper-surface of the tail. Met with through the
MacDonnell Ranges and along the Hale River.] In this
connection it may be mentioned that Diplodactylus spinigerus,
Gray, also exudes sticky matter from the spines on the tail
when captured or irritated.
Diplodactylus eldert, S. and Z.—The type of this
apparently rare lizard, which is in the South Australian
Museum collection, was collected by Mr. R. Helms on the
Elder Exploring Expedition; at the Barrow Range, Western
Australia. As will be noticed by the figure, the tail is not a
normal one, but has been reproduced. Some years after the
publication of the description, the late Mr. R. T. Maurice
captured a specimen some distance inland from Fowler Bay
which also has a reproduced tail. In 1912 Mr. F. Scarfe
presented three of these lizards, which came from Hermanns-
burg, in the MacDonnell Ranges. They are not in a very
good state of preservation, but two of them have normal
tails. The one recently collected at Ellery Creek by Captain
White has also a complete tail, which enables me to give the
correct dimensions. The tail in all of the complete specimens
is not short and pyriform,) but attenuate, and four-fifths of
the length of the body. On its upper-surface it is coloured
@). Proc: Roy. S064 S.k.s) woln xvi, pl. vi.; figs 1
(2) Ibid, p. 161.
443
like the back, the white spots becoming smaller towards the
tip; below it is hght coloured like the belly, and similarly
spotted. All specimens show a swelling at the base of the
tail behind the vent, which is followed by a deep fold. The
following table gives the measurements of one of the Hermanns-
burg specimens and the one collected by Captain White at
Ellery Creek, also those of the type for comparison :—
Type. Hermannsburg. Ellery Creek.
- mm. mm. mm.
Total length ae GO 59 66
Head pias) ee SAH us 10°5 at
Body: ... al aS 30°5 31
arly ia: as a 1S OF 24
Width of head Dea PL) 8 8
Length of forelimb... 17 15 15
Length of hindlimb 18 ili7) iN7.
{Two specimens were taken on Hllery Creek; unfortunately
cone must have been lcst. This is the only locality in which
we observed this rare lizard. |
Gehyra variegata, D. and B.—|,Very common. Found
almost everywhere under bark of trees, and sometimes in
decaying logs. |
Delma frasert, Gray.—|[Several of these snake-like lizards
were taken from under fallen logs in the MacDonnell Ranges
both east and west of Alice Springs. |
Inalis burtonn, Gray.—|'These strange snake-like lizards
were found in the MacDonnell Ranges; they are very quick
of movement, and when a tree trunk or a large stone was
turned over they were often mistaken in the first instance
for snakes. |
Amphibolurus maculatus, Gray.—|[ Very plentiful in the
sandy country amongst the porcupine grass. They run with
great rapidity from one tussock of grass to another, and very
often a charge of dust-shot had to be used before they could
be procured. We only met with these lizards on the sandy
country. |
Amphibolurus reticulatus, Gray.—[The most plentiful of
all lizards. They burrow in the sand and are often seen
looking out of their burrow entrance or at times basking in
the sun. They can run very swifty, and inflict a severe bite
on the fingers. They seem to form a large item of food for
birds and natives. Although a few were found under stones,
they are chiefly confined to sandy country. |
Amphibolurus barbatus, Cuvy.—[An odd one found here
and there throughout the expedition, and we found them to
vary much in colouration, which is due, no doubt, to protective
causes. Those found on the sand and yellow cliffs were light-
yellow, sometimes orange; in the red sandhill country they
443
were very ruddy; and those found in the mulga-trees (a
locality they were often found in) were a slaty- -black, in har-
mony with the bark to which they were clinging. |
Tympanocryptis lineata, Peters. —(The habits of this
species seem identical with T cephalus; so much so that they
may easily be taken for the same species. |
Tympanocryptis cephalus, Giinth.—[Fairly numerous,
mostly in the sandy country. We did find some amongst the
gibbers on the tablelands. |
Diporophora winnecker, Lucas and Frost.—|We took two
of these small lizards from under stones near Crown Point,
and they were met with near Hermannsburg. |
Physignathus longirostris, Boulgr,—|{ We collected a good
many specimens of this handsome lizard. Their great length
of tail gives them grace of movement. The body, being marked
with rich plum-colour or deep purple with a large spot of
white and a deep line of red in conjunction with the tapering
body, makes them very conspicuous. Most times we found them
in trees, where they jumped from bough to bough and circled
the trunks with great rapidity, and in nearly every case a
gun was required to bring ther down. |
Moloch horridus, Gray.—[Native name, ‘“‘Entakobma.”’
Met with in the sandy country. During the first part of the
expedition, the nights being sometimes very cold, these strange
reptiles would be found in a numbed condition before the sun
became very hot; but from observations made they seem a
very slowly-moving lizard at any time. It is wonderful the
hundreds of ants they will devour in a very short time. Seems
to be distributed over the whole of the central regions. One
very fine specimen was procured at Crown Point. |
Varanus giganteus, Gray.—|[Not plentiful; their tracks
(at times as large as a man’s hand) were sometimes seen in
the sand, always near a pile of rocks or near some rugged
hills where they live in large holes running far into the rocks.
We secured one fair-sized specimen. One wounded Varanus,
which unfortunately got away into a hole in the rock, was
over 8 ft. in length. The natives call this large lizard “‘Sjonba,”’’
and are very much afraid of it, which was the means of losing
the large one, for they would not take part in its capture.
The largest tracks seen were in the Lindsay Creek. Found
all through the interior wherever rocks and broken country
are found. |
Varanus gouldu, Gray.—{This very brightly-coloured
lizard was met with in many localities spreading over most of
our journeys. They generally dwell in holes in the ground,
and were never seen in the rough rocky localities, the habitat
of V. giganteus. |
£44
Varanus punctatus, Gray.—{Met with on several occasions
in the MacDonnell Ranges, and although at times found
amongst rocks and boulders, it seems to have a liking for
tree-climbing, for it was seen on more than one occasion bask-
ing at the top of a dead tree trunk in.the beds of the creeks.
Their food seems to consist of other small lizards, birds, and
small mammals. On one occasion a specimen when pursued
took to a large dead gum on the bank of Ellery Creek and
scampered up to the very top, where it lay hidden behind a
branch out of gunshot. |
Varanus gillent, Lucas and Frost.—|These lizards are
really tree-dwellers and seldom seen upon the ground.
Their grey’ or drab colouration harmonizes so well with the
trees in which they climb that it is very difficult to discern
them. |
Egerma whiter, Lacep.—|Fairly plentiful, and found in
almost every situation. The diversity in colouration led me
to believe there were several species, but there is no doubt
a wonderful range of colour in these lizards. |
Egerma stokesu, A. Dum.—J[This remarkable lizard,
with its plump fat-looking body and wide spiny tail seems
to lve in the hollow trunks and branches of the gid-trees
growing along the dry watercourses of the tablelands. It was
found necessary to cut these reptiles completely out, for once
they extended their large tails with long spines this gave them
such a hold in the wood that the body could be torn asunder
before they let go their hold. Not once did we find these lizards
in the open, and they seemed to be confined to the southern
tablelands. Natives assured us that they were not good to
eat.
Toe occipitalis, Peters.—[Very seldom seen. Most
likely they are of nocturnal habits, apparently hiding under
fallen trees or stones in the daytime. Seem to be confined
to the lower levels, as we did not meet with them in the
MacDonnell Ranges. Their habits and food approximate
those of our southern Blue-tongue. |
Hinulia lesueura, D. and B.
Hinulia fasciolata, Steind.
Homolepida branchialis, Ginth. Previously recorded
only from Western Australia. ,
Rhodona gerrardu, Giinth.—[These worm-like lizards
were often met with amongst the debris in the river or creek-
beds coming out of the ranges. They were of very sluggish
movement. |
A blepharus boutonu, Desjard.
Ablepharus lineoocellatus, D. and B.
(3) Lucas and Frost, Proc. Austral. Assoc. Adv. Sc., vol. viil.,
1901, p. 260.
445
(f) Ophidia, Amphibia, and Pisces.
By Epear R. Waite, F.L.S., Director S.A. Museum.
[Contribution from the South Australian Museum. ]
Fig. 1—Pseudechis australis, Gray.
OPHIDIA.
PSEUDECHIS AUSTRALIS,
Gray (Naja australis, Gray,
Zool. Misc., 1842, p. 55).—
A single specimen, 1240
mm. in length, of which
the tail measures 185 mm.
Olive-green above each scale
with darker margin, yellow
beneath. The figure pub-
lished by Krefft@ of the
upper-surface of the head
does not represent the pro-
portion or shape of the
shields exhibited by the
Central Australian speci-
men, which are as in the
accompanying figure (fig. 1).
DEMANSIA MODESTA,
Giinther (Cacophis modesta,
Giinther, Ann. Mag. Nat.
iEbists (4), 1x: 1872;. p./3o,
Die ite het. o) —— Rour
specimens, two adult and
two young. The largest example measures 565 mm., the tail
being 77 mm. in length.
Of the three figures illustrating
this species in the work above
quoted, that of the upper-surface
of the head is not wholly accu-
rate: for example, one postocular
on each side only is shown; in
three of our four specimens the
number of scales in contact with
the hinder edges of the parietal
shields is as in the accompanying
figure (fig. 2); but in the fourth,
an immature example, they are
in the larger number shown in
Giinther’s illustration. Counting
the nuchal bar, one of the young
specimens has six narrow black
bands across the body, disposed
at fairly regular intervals, the
Fig. 2— Demansia modesta, Ginther.
(1) Krefft, Snakes of Australia, 1869, p. 47, pl. vi., fig. 11.
446
last being at the tip of the tail. The other specimen is
similarly ‘adorned, but has an additional band between eB
of the four hinder ones.
AMPHIBIA.
LIMNODYNASTES ORNATUS, Gray (Pervalia ( ?) ornata,
Gray, Eyre’s Journ. Exp. Cent. Aust., ,iey 1845, appa p: 40r
pl. u., fig. 2).—Ten specimens.
Hvia GILLENI, Spencer (fyla gilleni, Spencer, Rep.
Horn Exp., u., 1896, p. 173,. pl.xv., fies. 14-17)—Five
specimens.
PISCES.
TERAPON TRUTTACEUS, Macleay (Therapon truttaceus,
Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., v., 1880, p» 366).—
Several specimens, damaged by transit on camels.
(7) Mollusca.
By E. H. MarrHews.
The paucity of land and freshwater shells obtained
during the recent expedition is evidently attributable to the
lateness of the season and the long peice of dry and hot
weather.
The two tubes submitted contained bae few specimens.
In tube No. 1 were two immature Helices; the larger
shell was a young Thersites (Glyptorhagada) silveri, Angas,
size 12 mm. broad by 5°5 mm. high, the characteristic colour,
bands, and markings being very prominent; the other shell
was the young of Thersites (Xanthomelon) perinflata, Pfr.,
size 9mm. broad and 75 mm. high. Both specimens were
taken alive, and the habitat given, MacDonnell Ranges.
In tube No. 2 were elght specimens of a syntonic form of
Physa gibbosa, they were considerably below the normal size,
being only 11 mm. long by 47 wide, the inflation and
thickening of the penultimate whorl showing evidence of
unfavourable conditions of growth; habitat same as the
others.
(hk) Crustacea.
By W. H. Baxer, F.L.S., Hon. Curator in Crustacea,
S.A. Museum.
ASTACOPSIS BICARINATUS, Gray.—One adult. Captain
White states that the natives attached to his party dug several
crayfish from the claybanks of the waterholes along the Finke:
447
River, and that they esteem this crustacean as an article of
food. He believes that the crayfish dig holes in the banks
as the water dries up and remain there till the river flows
again.
PALZMON ORNATUS, Olivier.—One larva. ‘‘Only twice
did we meet with these crustaceans; one in a large pool at
Running Waters and one in a waterhole near Hermanns-
burg.’’—(S. A. White.)
(‘) Arachnida.
ARANEIDA.
By R. H. PuLLEINE, M.B.
Captain S. A. White, during his travels in Central
Australia in 1913, collected a number of species of Araneide
which have been handed to me for determination.
The circumstances under which they were collected made
many specimens difficult or impossible to determine, as the col-
lecting apparatus and collections had to be carried on camels,
which caused much maceration and dismemberment of the
specimens. Spiders particularly stand this treatment badly.
The large Sparasside came through the ordeal best, while the .
Territellarie and other soft-bodied forms suffered severely.
The collection is an interesting one, and whilst most of the
forms are similar to those found further south, there are excep-
tions. Two species of Territellarie, one of the genus Aname,
Koch, and the other uncertain, were found at Finke River and
Hermannsburg, both unfortunately too damaged for descrip-
‘tion, and the Argiopid genus Carepalzis, Koch, occurs in one
species. Sparasside are well represented, but examples of
Lycosa are not as abundant as one would expect, probably
owing to their subterranean habits.
The following is the list of species determined :—
TERRITELLARLA.
AVICULARIIDE.—A name, sp. Hermannsburg. Jdioctis
palmarum, Hogg. Finke River. (A damaged specimen may
be this species recorded from the same locality, Horn
_Expedition.)
CRIBELLAT AS.
Dictryip#.—aA maurobius robustus, Koch. Finke River.
448
ECRIBELLAT ZZ.
DrassipZ.—Hemiclea longipes, Koch. Finke River.
ZODARIIDH.—Storena formosus, Thorell. MacDonnell
River. S. greffer, Keys. Ellery Creek, sp. Hermannsburg.
THERIDIIDE.—Latrodectus hasselltt, Thorell. Finke
River.
NeEpHILIIDE.—Nephila eremiana, Hogg. Ellery Creek.
ARGIOPIDZ,—Araneus, sp. (jav.). Oodnadatta. Care-
palzis monticula, Oodnadatta.
THomisipz.—Tharpyna diademata, Keys. Oodnadatta.
SPARASSIDE.—Isopeda flavibarbis, Thorell. Ellery
Creek. Several indeterminable, Ellery Creek and MacDonnell
River.
CiuBionIDa.—Clubiona robustus, Koch. Ellery Creek,
Charlotte Waters, Hamilton Bore. Clubiona, sp. Hllery
Creek. | |
Liocranip&.—dfiturga lineata, Koch. Oodnadatta.
Lycosipz.—Lycosa arenosa, Koch. Hllery Creek, sp-
MacDonnell River.
Oxvyopip&.—Oryopes gratus, Koch. Charlotte Waters.
SALTICIDE.—Opisthoncus, sp. Finke River.
(7) Insecta.
By Artuur M. Lea, F.E.S., Museum Entomologist.
[Contribution from the South Australian Museum.]
The collection of insects™) brought back by Captain
White consisted altogether of 1,543 specimens. Of these the
moths are dealt with by Dr. Turner, tlie butterflies by Mr.
Waterhouse, and the Hymenoptera and a few other specimens
by Mr. W. W. Froggatt. I have also to thank Messrs. H.
J. Carter and T. G. Sloane and Dr. E. W. Ferguson for the
names of some beetles. In addition to the Orders specially
dealt with there were also obtained of Orthoptera, 36 species;
of Hemiptera,) 39 species; of Diptera, 17 species; and of
Neuroptera, 5 species. |
The majority of the specimens brought back were beetles,
but owing to the jolting of the camels and to the fact that
during some stages of the trip all the specimens were mixed
together as obtained, many of even these hard-shelled insects
(1) Also the spiders, which were handed over to Dr. Pulleine
for treatment.
(2)Of these Mr. Froggatt identified two species of Cicadide
as Henicopsaltria nubivena, Walk., and Thopha colorata, Dist.
449
were so badly damaged as to be beyond recognition. Many
of the specimens obtained undoubtedly belong to new species (3)
and a few to new genera, but some of these were so badly
abraded or otherwise injured that it was inadvisable to make
them into types.
The gem of the collection is a fine ground beetle of the
Helluonides, herinafter named Helluarchus whitei.
COLEOPTERA.
CaRaBIDm.—Carenum transversicolle, Chaud. Finke
River. Catadromus australis, Cast. MacDonnell Ranges.
Cenogmus rotundicollis, Cast. MacDonnell Ranges. Chle-
nius australis, Dej. Ellery Creek, Finke River. Ch. leteviridis,
Chaud. Oodnadatta to Blood Creek, Finke River, MacDon-
nell Ranges. Clivina bovilli, Blackb. Hamilton Bore to
Oodnadatta. Hcetroma benefica, Newm. Ellery Creek,
Hamilton Bore to Oodnadatta, Oodnadatta to Blood Creek.
Budalha waterhousei, Cast. Finke River. Gigadema bostocki,
Cast. Finke River. Gnathaphanus pulcher, Dej. Ellery
Creek. Helluarchus whitet, n. sp. ‘ Loxandrus rufilabris,
Cast. Ellery Creek. Oodes planipennis, Macl. Oodnadatta
to Blood Creek. (5) Phorticosomus horni, Sloane. Finke River,
Ellery Creek. hytisternus arnhevmensis, Cast. KHllery ©
Creek. Szlphomorpha rockhamptonensis, Cast. Finke River.
AXanthophea suturata, Newm. Hllery Creek.
Dytiscip#.—Didessus bistrigatus, Clark. Urinilla
Springs to Deep Well. WNecterosoma regulare, Sharp.
Urinilla Springs to Deep Well.
STAPHYLINIDZ.—Creophilus erythrocephalus, Fab. Ellery
Creek. Lathrobium notaticolle, Fvl. Oodnadatta to Blood
Creek. Scymbalium australe, Fvl. Charlotte Waters te
Hamilton Bore.
Histeripm.—Hypocaccus since, Mars. Ellery Creek,
Finke River, Urinilla Springs to Deep Well. Saprinus
viridipennis, Lewis. Ellery Creek, Finke River.
CoLtypiiIpbzm.—Ditoma hilaris, Blackb. Arltunga to
Urinilla Springs.
DeERMESTIDZ.—Dermestes cadaverinus, Fabr. Through-
out trip. D. vulpinus, Fabr. Throughout trip.
(3) As. no advantage is to be gained by giving their generic
names only these are not further referred to.
(4)Name received from Mr. Sloane, who wrote: ‘‘Have this
in my collection from Central Australia under L. rufilabris, with
which it seems conspecific, perhaps a variety.”
(5)Name from Mr. Sloane.
P
450
Lucanipz.—Iigulus regularis, Westw. MacDonnell
Ranges, Hermannsburg.
ScARABEIDE. — Anoplognathus macleayi, Biackb.
MacDonnell Ranges, Finke River. Atenius goyderensis,
Blackb. Hamilton Bore, Ellery Creek, Charlotte Waters to
Hamilton Bore. Clilopocha whitew, n. sp. Heteronyx calla-
bonne, Blackb. MacDonnell Ranges. H. castaneus, Macl.
MacDonnell Ranges. H. frulvohirtus, Blackb. Arltunga to
Urinilla Springs. H. squalidus, Blackb. Hermannsburg.
Lepidiota darwim, Blackb. Finke River, MacDonnell
Ranges. Psammodius zetz, Blackb. Hamilton Bore to
Oodnadatta. Tro auguste, Blackb. Finke River. T.
crotcht, Har. Hermannsburg. 7. velutinus, Blackb.
MacDonnell Ranges. Zzetzia geologa, Blackb. MacDonnell
Ranges.
BuPRESTIDH.—Merimna atrata, L. and G. MacDonnell
Ranges, Finke River.
ELATERIDZ.—Agrypnus mastersi, Macl. Finke River,
Ellery Creek. Macromalocera affinis, Blackb. Finke River.
CLERIDH.—Eleale aulicoides, Gorh. Ellery Creek.
Necrobia rufipes, DeG. Throughout trip. Opilo congruus,
Newm. MHamilton Bore to Oodnadatta.
BostrycHipz.—Bostrychopsis jesuita, Fab. Arltunga
to Urinilla Springs, MacDonnell Ranges.
TENEBRIONIDZ.—) Gonocephalum meyricki, Blackb.
Throughout trip. \G. walker1, Champ. Hermannsburg.
Heleus squamosus, Pasc. MacDonnell Ranges, Hermanns-
burg. Hypaulax orcus, Pasc. Throughout trip. © Onos-
terrhus levipenns, H. R. Finke River. (6) Pteroheleus
brevicorns, Blackb. Finke River. P. bullatus, Pasce.
Oodnadatta to Blood Creek. Saragus clathratus, Mazel.
MacDonnell Ranges. ()S. tricarinatus, Blackb. Ellery
Creek, MacDonnell Ranges. Tribolium ferrugineum, Fab.
Throughout trip.
CisTELIDZ.—() A pellatus lateralis, Boh. Hamilton Bore
to Oodnadatta, MacDonnell Ranges.
ANTHICIDZ.—A nthicus inglorius, Lea. Urinilla Springs
to Deep Well.
CurcuLIonIDz.—Leptops cacozelus. Lea. Oodnadatta
to Blood Creek. (8) Molochtus tibialis, Sloane. MacDonnell
Ranges. Urinilla Springs to Deep Well. Psalidura grandis,
(6) Names from Mr. Carter.
(7) Name from Mr. Carter.
(8) Name from Dr. Ferguson.
451
Ferg. Hermannsburg, MacDonnell Ranges. Sclerorr-
hinus convexus, Sloane. MacDonnell Ranges, Ellery Creek.
Storeus femoralis, Lea. Throughout trip. Talaurinus regu-
laris, Sloane. MacDonnell Ranges. TI. rufipes, Blackb.
Hermannsburg. JT. sérangulatus, Blackb. Hermannsburg,
MacDonnell Ranges.
CERAMBYCIDZ.—Ancita fasciculata, Blackb. MacDonnell
Ranges. Muicrotragus pictus, Blackb. MacDonnell Ranges,
Finke River. Pachydissus sericus, Newm. Finke River,
Ellery Creek. Phoracantha recurva, Newm. MacDonnell
Ranges. P. semipunctata, Fab. MacDonnell Ranges. P.
senio, Newm. Finke River, Ellery Creek, Urinilla Springs
to Deep Well. Purpuricenus quadrinotatus, White. Finke
River, MacDonnell Ranges. Symphyletes fraserensis, Blackb.
Finke River.
CHRYSOMELIDZ. —Cassida mera, Germ. MacDonnell
Ranges. Jfonochirus multispinosus, Germ. Hermannsburg.
Paropsis funerea, Blackb. Throughout trip. PP. lateralis,
Blackb. Throughout trip. PP. palmensis, Blackb. Finke
River. P. pustulifera, Blackb. Finke River. Hermanns-
burg.
*CocoineLLIpe.—Coccinella transversalis, Fab. Oodna-
datta to Blood Creek. Mhizobius noctuabundus, n. sp.
HELLUARCHUS WHITEI, 0. sp.
Black and shining.
Head with scattered distinct punctures, with a wide
wrinkled fovea on each side in front; clypeus with irregular
wrinkles and punctures: labrum almost as long as wide with
conspicuous punctures. Antenne passing scutellum for a
slight distance, third joint longer than second or fourth.
Prothorax not quite as long down middle as the greatest
width, front angles rounded and slightly produced, sides
obliquely upcurved and widest slightly in advance of the
middle; hind angles slightly acute and somewhat rounded
off, with a narrowly impressed median line, terminating near
apex and near base in fairly large fovee; with conspicuous
scattered punctures, denser about sides and base than else-
where. JLlytra elliptic-ovate; surface finely shagreened, with
rows of rather small punctures in narrow striz; interstices
much wider than striz, the fifth on each elytron conspicuously
elevated and marking off the rapidly sloping (almost vertical)
sides from the slightly concave median portion, on posterior
declivity bifurcated and not conspicuously elevated; each
interstice with an irregular row (or with parts of two irregular
rows) of small punctures, but larger on sides than elsewhere.
P2
452
Under-surface with irregularly distributed punctures, and in
places wrinkled. Legs long; front femora obtusely sub-
dentate near base; front tibiz with an angular notch at about
apical two-fifths, hind ones about half the length of elytra
and inourved. Length, 36 mm.
Hab.—Finke River. Type, I. 3444, in South Australian
Museum.
The type, one of the finest insects ever taken in Central
Australia, was obtained from under a log. The species differs
from robustus in being stouter and by the prothorax dis-
tinctly less transverse (9 (10 x 64 in robustus, 9x7 in whiter)
with the sides much less angularly inflated. On both species
the fifth interstice on each elytron from near the base is con-
spicuously ridged, but on whiter the ridge at the summit of
the posterior declivity bifurcates, and the forks are joined
together near apex, so that they completely enclose a narrowly
elliptic space with isolated striz. But on robustus the space
is not so enclosed, the third and fourth striz being traceable
over the summit, although slightly irregular at the summit
itself. The legs are also longer and the hind tibiz different.
The suture (as on robustus) between the two basal segments
of abdomen is rather indistinct across the middle, although
deep on the sides, so that at first the abdomen appears to be
composed of but four segments.
CLILOPOCHA, 1. gs.
Head not very large; eyes large, widely separated,
scarcely visibly faceted, with medio-frontal canthus con-
spicuous; clypeus strongly produced, margins strongly up-
turned, front feebly curved, sides almost parallel; labrum very
short; palpi with terminal joint elongate and cylindrical;
antennz ten-jointed, the three apical ones forming an elongate
club. Prothorax transverse. lytra subgeminate-striate.
Tibie short, front pair strongly tridentate, the others each
with an acute oblique median ridge; tarsi elongate, with sparse
long hairs and stiff setae; claws long and simple.
Belongs to the Serzcoides, but I cannot make the species
_ described below fit into any of the many genera of that sub-
tribe proposed or commented upon by the late Rev. T. Black-
burn. In his table) its position seems open to question.
When the head is removed so that the under-surface may be
clearly seen the suture between the labrum and clypeus is
fairly distinct, and both are seen to have a row of setiferous
(9) To the naked eye it appears to be quite as long as wide.
(10) Trans. Roy. Soc., S.A., 1898, pp. 32-4.
453
punctures, Dysphanochila in the table was noted as having
“‘Labrum entirely confused with vertical front face of
clypeus.’’ On close examination, however, a fine dividing
line may be seen in the exact middle, and at the sides the
suture is‘quite distinct. Regarding it as allied to that genus
(JJ of the table) it would be distinguished by its tridentate
front tibie and ten-jointed antenne. If regarded as belong-
ing to J it should be referred to M, and in that case would
be associated with Colpochila,2)) whose antenne are eight-
or nine-jointed and clypeus very different. If regarded as
belonging to MM it would be associated with Vrenchella,
whose antenne and elytra are very different. It may pro-
visionally be placed near Dysphanochila. The mentum is
rounded at the apex, but is so densely clothed that all parts
of the mouth are more or less concealed. The abdominal
stigmata are also concealed by the clothing.
CLILOPOCHA WHITEZ, 0. sp.
Reddish-castaneous, antenne paler; head (except portion
of clypeus) and tibial teeth more or less blackish. Prothorax
and elytra fringed with rather long stramineous hairs,
becoming longer and denser on under-surface and on parts
of legs; elytra with moderately long semi-upright hairs scat-
tered about.
Head with dense and rather large but shallow punctures,
becoming sparser towards base and smaller on clypeus;
‘clypeus more than twice as wide as its median length.
Antenne with first joint about as long as ocular canthus, and
about as long as the three following. combined, fourth to
sixth short, seventh still shorter, but somewhat produced
internally, club with lamelle about one-fourth longer than
seven basal joints combined. Prothorar about once and one-
half as wide as long, sides rounded, front angles acute, the
hind ones obtusely rounded, with numerous large round but
very shallow punctures, almost absent along middle. Llytra
very little wider than prothorax, with irregular punctures of
small to medium size, and in places in feeble geminate-striz.
Femora stout; front tibiz with all the teeth large, but the
front one longer and the middle one stouter than the others.
Length, 8-94 mm.
Hab.—MacDonnell Ranges and Hamilton Bore to
‘Oodnadatta. Type, I. 3438, in South Australian Museum.
Seen directly from in front the fringing prothoracic
hairs appear to be divided along the middle by the extreme
(11) Subsequently regarded as a synonym of Haplonycha.
454
margin of the prothorax. There is a feeble elevated medio-
basal carina on the scutellum; but it is concealed, unless the
prothorax is slightly in advance of its usual position. The
striation is rather feeble, and its geminate arrangement is
nowhere pronounced. Five specimens were obtained, all
apparently males.
RHIZOBIUS NOCTUABUNDUS; N. sp.
Of a pale and rather dingy reddish-castaneous; elytra
with more or less conspicuous markings, and with or without
a metallic gloss. Closely covered with short, depressed, uniform
greyish pubescence.
Head with fairly distinct punctures; eyes large and
partially concealed. Prothorax about thrice as wide as long,
front angles rounded, the hind ones almost rectangular, punc-
tures as on head. Jlytra oblong-ovate, outlines sub-
continuous with those of prothorax, punctures not very large
but rather sharply defined. Under-surface with fairly dis-
tinct punctures, more sharply defined on hind coxe than else-
where. Length, 24-25 mm.
Hab.—Hamilton Bore, to Oodnadatta. Also occurs at
Oodnadatta and Farina (Blackburn’s collection), Murray
River (H. S. Cope), and at Cunnamulla, in Queensland (H.
Hardcastle). Type, I. 3439, in South Australian Museum.
An oval species, in size and general appearance fairly
close to insipidus, but colour and clothing different. In
Blackburn’s table of the genus 2) it is difficult to be placed
on account of the variability of its elytral markings.
If placed in C (of BB) it might be associated with
cecus (ls); if placed in CC with ornatipenns or
insipidus, all of which have more or less conspicuous:
sete amongst the depressed clothing. From J/eticulus
its larger size and uniformly pale under-surface will readily
distinguish it. On the palest specimens the only dark parts
of the elytra are the suture, and a more or less conspicuous
infuscate cloud on each side of the base. On the darkest ones
the dark parts (these are piceous, with a more or less con-
spicuous greenish gloss) are so extended that only the
shoulders and a curved space from each to the apex (inclined
towards but not touching the suture) are of a dingy-red. On
some specimens the dark parts appear as three large blotches
—one about middle of base (usually including the scutellum),
and one on each side. Itis attracted to lights in abundance.
a eet
(12) Trans. Roy. Soc., S.A., 1892, pp. 257-9.
(13) Although cecus was tabled as having ‘‘Prothorax scarcely
distinctly punctulate,’’ on some co-types the punctures are fairly
distinct ; quite as much as on. the present species.
455
LEPIDOPTERA.
Suborder RHOPALOCERA.
By G. A. WaTERHOUSE, B.Sc., etc.
The butterflies caught by Captain White in the MacDon-
nell Ranges were six in number.
Lyca@nip&.—NVacaduba biocellata, Felder. Four males.
This pretty little ‘‘blue’’ was described originally from Ade-
Jaide, and is well distributed through Australia. During some
years it occurs in very great numbers, and then almost dis-
appears for several seasons. The larve have been found feed-
ing on the flower-buds of various species of Acacia.
PIERIDH.—Anapheis teutona, Fab. One male. This
is the Australian race of A. java; it is one of the common
butterflies here, and one or other of its races are to be found
in most of the South Pacific Islands. The larve are gre-
garious, and their chief food-plants are the various species of
‘Capparis. They probably feed also on A pophyllum anomalum,
F. vy. M., as many pupe have been found upon this plant.
Terias smilaz, Don.—One male. The smallest eastern species
‘of the genus. It is found throughout Australia, but nowhere
very plentifully, excepting during its periodic migrations.
Larve and pup have been found on Cassia fistula, and only
‘differ slightly from those of Terias hecabe.
Suborder HETEROCERA.
By A. JEFFERIS TURNER, M.D., F.E.S.
So little is known of the moths of Central Australia that
much interest is attached to a collection of about thirty
‘species recently made by Captain 8. A. White in the
MacDonnell Ranges, and sent to me for examination by the
South Australian Museum. At first sight the collection was
disappointing, for most of the species are hardy wanderers
with an extensive distribution in Australia, or even through-
‘out the greater part of the Eastern Hemisphere. But a closer
inspection reveals the existence of a small proportion of species
that appear to be endemic in the central and drier regions
of the continent. Unfortunately these, being mostly species
of smaller size, do not figure numerously in this collection,
and those that there are are mostly in such poor condition
that they cannot be definitely determined. I divide them
according to their distribution into three groups :—
1. Wide-ranging or ubiquitous species: — Utetheisa
pulchella, Neocleptria punctifera, Chloridea obsoleta, Euzxoa
radians, Agrotis spina, Cirphis loreyi, Laphygma exigua,
456
Grammodes ocellata, Mocis alterna, Polydesma lawsoni,
Dasypodia selenophora, Tatorhynchus vinctalis, Herse con-
volvult, Acidaha desita, Hellula undalis, Loxostege affintalis,
Maroga unipunctana.
2. Species which are probably most at home in the dry
interior, but extend to the coast, especially to its drier por-
tions and in periods of drought. These are Hremochroa
alphitias, Polydesma aglossoides, P. ignipicta, and Hpicoma
argentata.
3. Species belonging to a fauna characteristic of the
interior, where it is probably widespread. I include here
Niguza eucesta; Aprosita ulothriz, n. gs. and sp.; Parasa
rutila, n. sp.; and more doubtfully Dichromodes, sp.; Boar-
miane, two sp.; and Cesyra, sp.
ArcTiaDm.—Utetheisa pulchella, Linn. One example.
This ubiquitous species 1s found throughout Australia and
nearly the whole Eastern Hemisphere.
Nocruipa.—WNeoclepiria punctifera, Walk. Two ex-
amples. This species occurs throughout Australia, and seems
to be common in the interior. I have received it from Cunna-
mulla and Adavale in Western Queensland. Chloridea
obsoleta, Fab. Several examples, including pale and dark
varieties, and one of a pinkish hue. Found throughout Aus-
tralia, Java, India, Africa, Kurope, North America, and
South America. Huxoa radians, Gn. Several examples.
Found throughout Australia; also from New Zealand, Nor-
folk Island, and Friendly Islands. Agrotis spina, Gn.
Several examples. Widely distributed in Australia, and
adapted to a wide range of climate, for it occurs at Hobart and
on Mount Kosciusko (the Bugong moth). I have not yet
received it from north of the tropic. Curphis loreyt, Dup.
One example. A common species in Northern Australia and
Queensland. I have received it from Cunnamulla. Occurs.
also in Java, Philippines, India, Syria, Africa, and Europe.
Laphygma exigua, Hb. One example. Generally distributed
in Australia; also from India, Africa, and Hurope.
Eremochroa alphitias, Meyr. Several examples. The genus
is peculiar to Australia and characteristic of dry country.
Five species are known. The present species has a more
extended range than the others, and is probably to be found
throughout the continent. Niguza eucesta, Turn. One
example. This is a rarity. The only other specimen I know
of is the female type which I received from Mr. W. W.
Froggatt, with the locality Cobar, in western New South
Wales. This Central Australian specimen is a male, expand-
ing 34 mm., the antenne have fairly long cilia (about as long
as the breadth of stalk) arising in tufts. Grammodes
457
ocellata, Tep. [Ocellata, Tepp.=excellens, Luc.| Several
examples. Fairly common in Queensland, Northern and
North-western Australia. J/ocis alierna, Wilk. Two ex-
amples. Fairly common in Queensland, Northern and
North-western Australia. Polydesma’ submurina, Wk.
Several examples. Also from Queensland and North-western
Australia. P. lawseni, Feld. Several examples. Common
in Queensland. Also occurs in Western Australia. P.
aglossoides, Gn. Several examples. Occurs in New South
Wales and Queensland, and is more common inland.
I have it from Cunnamulla. P. ignipicta, Low. Several
examples. This may be only a form of the preceding. I have
it from Cunnamulla and Broken Hill. Dasypodia selenophora,
Gn. One example. This is a Victorian species, but it evi-
dently spreads far inland, for I have received it from Cunna-
mulla, in Western Queensland. Tatorhynchus vinctalis, Wik.
Several examples. Common in Queensland. I have one from
‘Cunnamulla, and have seen one from Broome, North-western
Australia.
LYMANTRIAD &.
APROSITA, 1. gen. (azpoo.ros, unapproachable, isolated).
Head, thorax, and abdomen densely clothed with very
long hairs. Tongue absent. Palpi moderate, porrect,
also clothed with very long hairs. Femora and tibie
long-haired; posterior tibiz without middle spurs. Fore-
wings without areole, 2 from #; 3 from well before
angle, 4 and 5 from near angle, 6 from near upper-
angle, 7 and 8 stalked from angle, 9 and 10 stalked from well
before angle, 11 from 2. Hindwings with frenulum strongly
developed ; discocellulars acutely angled, dorsal portion of cell
forming a strong projection, from which 3, 4, and 5 arise
separately, 6 and 7 stalked, 8 widely separate from cell, with
which it is connected by a bar about middle, forming a large
precostal cell. A very interesting genus. The neuration is
altogether peculiar in this family, the stalking of 9 and 10,
and the large precostal cell of the hindwings recalling the
Latiocampide.
APROSITA ULOTHRIX, 0D. sp. (ovAoOpré, densely haired).
Male, 14 mm. Head dark-fuscous; face fuscous-
whitish with reddish-brown side-tufts. Palpi dark-fuscous.
Antenne fuscous; pectinations in male very long (15).
Abdomen dark-fuscous; terminal segments covered with very
long fuscous-whitish hairs. Legs fuscous. Forewings broadly
triangular, costa gently arched, apex rounded, termen bowed,
oblique; fuscous-whitish, thinly covered with fuscous scales;
two transverse dark-fuscous lines; first from 4 costa to
?
458
3 dorsum, with a marked projecting angle in disc, edged
anteriorly with reddish-brown; second from 3 costa to
% dorsum, with a marked projecting angle above middle,
edged posteriorly with reddish-brown; cilia fuscous. Hind-
wings with termen rounded; fuscous-whitish; a wavy fuscous
transverse line across middle; cilia fuscous. Further examples
of this curious species are much to be desired.
SPHINGIDZ.—//erse convolvuli, Linn. One male, in good
condition, not showing any peculiarity. This species ranges:
over the whole Eastern Hemisphere.
EuPTEROTIDZ.—Ochrogaster contraria, Wlk. Twelve
examples. This species is widely distributed in Australia and
shows some variation ; the ground-colour of the wings in both
sexes varies from pale-fulvous to dark-grey or fuscous, and
the male may have white streaks on the forewings, or these
may be absent. In the two males sent by Captain White the
wings are pale-fulvous with white streaks; of the ten females:
five are pale, two dark, and three intermediate. The larva
is the well-known ‘“‘procession caterpillar,’’ and feeds on
Acacie. Epicoma argentata, Wik. One male. Also from
Queensland.
GEOMETRIDZ.—Acidalia desita, Wlk. One male. An
unexpected locality for this species, which is common on the
eastern seaboard, extending from Cairns to Sydney. Dichro-
modes, sp. One male, with reddish scales on forewings,
allied to D. partitaria, but too wasted for identification. Two
distinct species of the Subfamily Boarmran@ are here repre-
sented by solitary examples. They are small and obscure
moths in wretched condition, which I am unable to identify.
This is unfortunate, as they appear to be novelties.
LIMACODID 2. —
PaARASA RUTILA, n. sp. (rutilus, red, auburn).
Male, 31 mm. Head, palpi, thorax, and abdomen reddish-
brown. Antennz whitish-ochreous; in male pectinated to
apex. Legs reddish-brown; posterior tibiz without middle
spurs. Forewings elongate, costa straight, apex broadly
rounded, termen very obliquely rounded; 7, 8, 9, stalked;
reddish-brown; a brown-whitish costal streak not reaching
apex; cilia dark-brown, bases whitish. Hindwings with
termen rounded; pale reddish-brown; cilia reddish-brown.
With the exception of the costal streak there seem to be no
markings on the forewings, but these are badly rubbed.
PyraLip#.—Poujadia, sp. One example. AHellula
undalis, Fab. One example. Occurs commonly throughout
Australia and in India, Africa, and Europe. Lowostege
459
apinitalis, Led. Many examples. Abundant throughout
Australia. IMJetasia, sp. One wasted example.
TINEIDZ.—WVaroga wunipunctana, Don. One example.
‘Occurs in all parts of Australia, the larva feeding under a
web on the bark of various shrubs, preferring Leguminose.
Cesyra, n. sp. One male, unfortunately not in a fit state
for description.
HYMENOPTERA. (14)
By W. W. Frocearr, F.L.8.
Ammophilus instabilis, Smith. Ellery Creek.
Anthophora cingulata, Fabr. MacDonnell Ranges.
A porus cingulatus, Fabr. Hamilton Bore to Oodnadatta.
Camponotus claripes, Mayr. Hamilton Bore to Oodna-
‘datta, Charlotte Waters to Hamilton Bore, Urinilla Springs
to Deep Well. C. inflatus, Lab. MacDonnell Ranges. C.
purpureus, Mayr., var. mutans, Forel. Oodnadatta to Blood
‘Creek, Ellery Creek. (. wiederkehri, Forel. Ellery Creek.
Elis anthracina, Burm. MacDonnell Ranges, Finke
River.
Ephutomorpha rugicollis, Westw. Finke River.
EBumenes bicincta, Saund.15) Finke River, Urinilla
Springs to Deep Well.
Iridomyrmex detectus, Smith. Ellery Creek, Oodna-
‘datta to Blood Creek. J. rufoniger, Loune. Urinilla Springs
to Deep Well, Ellery Creek, Oodnadatta to Blood Creek.
Lissopimpla semipunctata, Kirby. Ellery Creek.
Meranoplus oceanicus, Smith. Ellery Creek.
Monomorium leve, Mayr. Urinilla Springs to Deep
Well.
Myrmecia vindex, Smith. Hermannsburg, Ellery Creek.
Odynerus nigrocincta, Saund. Urinilla Springs to Deep
Well.
Pheidole bos, Forel. Ellery Creek, Urinilla Springs to
Deep Well.
Polyrhachis femorata, Smith. Ellery Creek.
Priocnemis bicolor, Fab. MacDonnell Ranges. P. tuber-
culata, Smith, Finke River.
Sphex modestus, Smith. Urinilla Springs to Deep Well.
Trielis australasie, Sauss. and Sich. Finke River,
Urinilla Springs to Deep Well.
(14) Mr. Froggatt named some species generically only; these
names are of use to the Museum, but as no advantage is to be
gained by publishing them they have been omitted from the
present list—(A. M. L.)
(15) Three specimens of the typical form which occurs over the
greater portion of Australia. Also five specimens of a small
variety.
460
(:) Botany.
By J. M. Buack.
PuateEs XXXVIII. ann XXXIX.
The number of species collected by Captain White and
named in this list 1s 178. They include 3 which are new,
belonging to the genera Bassia, Trichinium, and Hremophila.
Previous botanical collections were made in Central Aus-
tralia by J. Macdouall Stuart (1860-2), Ernest Giles (1872-4),
Rev. H. Kempe, of the Hermannsburg Mission (1877-90),
Charles Winnecke (1883), W. H. Tietkens (1889), R. Helms
(Elder Expedition, 1891-2), R. Tate (Horn Expedition,
1894), and G. F. Hill (Barclay Expedition, 1911-2). The
botanical results of all the expeditions up to 1894 were
included by Professor Tate in Part III. of the ‘‘Report on
the work of the Horn Scientific Expedition tg Central
Australia.’
The greater part of Captain White’s collection was made
north of the 26th parallel, in territory which is now under
Federal control; the South Australian localities are indicated.
by the letters ‘‘S.A.’’ after the name of the place. As much
of the route followed lay outside the area of previous ex-
ploring parties, a good many new stations for plants have
been recorded. |
The remarks placed between square brackets are Captain
White’s own field notes on some of the species.
MarsiLeace®. — Marsilea Drummondu, <A. Braun.
“‘Nardoo,’’ between Love Creek and Deep Well.
ConrFERa.—Callitris robusta, R. Br. ‘“‘Murray Pine,’’
MacDonnell Ranges. [Grows amongst the rocky ranges, and
was not met with till we reached the Krichaufi Range. |
GRAMINEZ.—Leptochloa subdigitata, Trin. Running
Waters, Finke River; between Dalhousie and Blood Creek,
S.A. Spikes on one peduncle from 7 to 17, and in one
instance 21. [Growing in bunches in the beds of water-
courses; not a common grass.| Hleusine Mgyptiaca, Desf.
Henbury, Finke River. Pappophorum nigricans, R. Br.
Running Waters and Idracowra, Finke River. [Growing in
sandy bed of Finke in small bunches 8 to 10 in. high; stock
will eat this grass.] Pollima fulva, Benth. ‘Sugar Grass.”’
Crown Point, Finke River; between Dalhousie and Blood
Creek, S.A. [Growing in large tussocks, 2 ft. to 2 ft. 6 in.
high, on low land liable to flood or in bed of watercourses; a
common grass.| Panicum leucopheum, H. B. et K. ‘‘Cottom
Grass.’’ Between Love Creek and Deep Well. P. effusum,.
461
R. Br. Between Dalhousie and Blood Creek, S.A. [This
grass seems to be in great abundance after rain.| P.
decompositum, R. Br. Between Crown Point and Horseshoe
Bend, Finke River; Dalhousie Springs, S.A. [Growing in
large bunches on flooded land from 1 to 2 ft. high; common. |
Sporobolus actinocladus, F. v. M. Between Crown Point
and Horseshoe Bend, Finke River. [A fairly common grass
on alluvial flats.] S. varginicus, Kunth., var. pallidus, Benth.
Dalhousie Springs, S.A. S. indicus, R. Br. East of Deep
Well; Dalhousie, S.A. Andropogon exaltatus, R. Br. Run-
ning Waters, Finke River. [A common grass growing on
flooded lands and attaining to the height of 6 ft. at times;
stock will not eat it.]| A. gryllus, Trin. Between Love Creek
and Deep Well. Amphipogon strictus, R. Br. Thirty miles
east of Deep Well. [Grows in tussocks from 8 to 10 in. high;
stock like this grass when green.] WLragrostis Brownu, Nees.
Between Crown Point and Horseshoe Bend. Astrebla
pectinata, F. v. M. ‘‘Mitchell Grass.’’ Between Crown
Point and Horseshoe Bend, River Finke. Anthistiria ciliata,
L. ‘‘Kangaroo Grass.’’ Between Love Creek and Deep
Well. [Found growing amongst the stones on hillsides. }
Aristida stipoides, R. Br. Depot Sandhills. A. arenaria,
Gaud. Idracowra, Finke Rivér. A starved-looking speci-
men, only 16 cm. high, and many of the awns have only
2 instead of 3 branches. [Found growing amongst the rocks;
seems to be a common grass.| Tragus racemosus, Hall.
Henbury, Finke River. Many of the burr-like fruits of this
grass were found clinging to Gnephosis errocarpa and other
woolly plants in the collection. [A common plant; growing in
bunches where the river had overflowed.] Hragrostris falcata,
Gaud. Horseshoe Bend, Finke River. [A common grass,
low-growing, and very rigid, almost prickly. |
CypERAcEz.— Scirpus littoralis, Schrad. Running
Waters, Finke River. [Met with in nearly all permanent
waters, from 5 to 6 ft. high.] Cyperus vaginatus, R. Br.
Running Waters. [Only seen once or twice; natives do not
seem to make any use of this rush, like those do in the south. }
CASUARINACES. — Casuarina Decaisneana, F. M.
‘Desert Oak.’’ [A very fine tree with straight ae aiten
20 ft. without a limb. Attains the height of 40 or 50 ft.,
has wide spreading branches, throwing a dense shade; the
wood splits easily, and is well adapted for rails, etc. |
Urticacem.—licus platypoda, Cunn. ‘“‘Native Fig.’’
[This fig-tree was only met with in the ranges or close up to
the huge detached masses of granite. In some cases the
plants were growing out cf the fissures in the rocks, and the
462
roots travel down over solid rock for 20 ft. or more to reach
the nourishment below. |
PROTEACEH. — Grevillea stenobotrya, F. v. M. Old
Macumba, S.A. [We met with some fine shrubs in full
blossom when on our way down the Stevenson. It grows to a
height of 16 or 20 ft.] G. junetfolia, Hook. Love Creek;
east of Alice Well, Depot Sandhills. [Amongst the great
sandhill ridges we found a number of these trees in full
blossom ; flowers contain great quantities of honey, and are
visited by millions of ants.] MHakea chordophylla, F. v.
M.(?) Between Love Creek and Deep Well; Crown Point,
Finke River. There is another specimen from Crown Point,
with branched glabrous axillary racemes much longer than
the cylindrical, bifid, or trifid leaves. It is apparently a
Hakea with the long racemes of section Grevilleoides, but the
straight perianth and stigmatic cone of section Manglesioides.
The flowers are only in bud and there is no fruit.
LorantHAcE&.—Loranthus penduius, Sieber. River
Finke. [Great masses of this lovely plant hung down from
many red gums (LF. rostrata).| L. gibberulus, Tate. Run-
ning Waters, Finke River. [This fine plant was in full
blossom, and it grows equally well on Grevillea or Hakea.| L.
linophyllus, Fenzl. Idracowra.
POLYGONACEZ. —Polygonum pleberum, R. Br. Hamilton
Bore, S.A. [Found growing in bed of waterhole after the
water had dried up.| Rumex crystallinus, Lange. Between
Dalhousie and Blood Creek, S.A. [Seen on one or two occa-
sions growing on low-lying ground; stems and leaves become
of a deep red colour. |
CHENOPODIACEZ.—A triplex mummularia, Lindl. ‘“‘Old
Man Saltbush.’’ Dalhousie Springs, 8.A.; Bitter Spring.
{Very large bushes of this plant covered acres of ground near
Bitter Spring.| A. vesecaria, Heward. ‘‘Bladder Saltbush.”’
Between Crown Point and Horseshoe Bend. [Large bushes
of this plant were met with near the river on the flats. ]
A. limbata, Benth., var. n. sexifida. Variat a typo appen-
diculis dorsalibus perranthu fructiferr usque ad basin fissis,
ideoque limbus sexlobatus apparet, folus valde minoribus.
Between Crown Point and Horseshoe Bend. [Not often met
with; prefers the alluvial flats to sandhills.] Bassia dia-
cae F.v. M. Between Crown Point and Horseshoe Bend,
Dalhousie. [A common plant; develops a very prickly burr. ]
B. Luehmannu, F. v. M. Dalhousie Springs, S.A. [Not
numerous; an odd plant or two found in light soil.| JB.
bicorms, F. v. M. Between Crown Point and Horseshoe
Bend. [This was a common plant, and is avoided on account
463
of its long sharp thorns.] 2B. biflora, F. v. M. Crown
Point.
Bassia inchoata, sy. nova. (pl. xxxviii.). Planta glabra
erecta rigida ramosa, folus succulentis angusto-cylindraceis
15-20 mm. longis, perianthu limbo obliquo ciliolato vix lobato,
staminibus 5, stylis 2, perianthio fructifero ovoideo-compresso
indurato costulato 3-4 mm. longo basi obliquéa leviter excavata
apice truncato gibboso subtuberculato, semine erecto rostel-
lato. Between Dalhousie and Blood Creek, S.A. The single
specimen is 20 cm. high, and may be a perennial flowering in
its first year. It has the habit of Threlkeldia diffusa, R. Br.,
and the gibbous fruiting perianth has some analogy with that
of Bassia salsuginosa, F. v. M. (Osteocarpum salsuginosum,
Threlkeldia salsuginosa, F. v. M.). The slight protuberances
often visible on the hardened, truncate edge of the perianth
may be likened to the undeveloped spines found on several
other species of Bassia. Although the perianth is hard and
ribbed in the dried state, it may (as in Threlkeldia diffusa) be
succulent externally when fresh.
Kochia sedifolia, F.v. M. ‘‘Bluebush.’’ Horseshoe Bend.
Salicormia lewostachya, Benth. Between Crown Point and
Horseshoe Bend. Salsola Kali, L. ‘‘Prickly Saltwort.’’
Between Crown Point and MHorseshoe Bend; Dalhousie
Springs, S.A. [Large spherical bunches were met with
everywhere till the Finke was reached; then they became
rare, and we lost them after entering the ranges. |
AMARANTACEZ.—d marantus Mitchellu, Benth. Running
Waters, Finke River. Trichiniwm obovatum, Gaud. Depot
Sandhills; Dalhousie Springs, S.A. Var. grandiflorum,
Benth. Thirty miles east of Deep Well. [This is a common
variety, and was found in sandhills and ranges alike.| T.
helipteroides, F. v. M. Between Crown Point and Horseshoe
Bend ; Henbury ; Idracowra; 30 miles east of Deep Well. The
flowers of all these specimens, as well as of one from Nickol
Bay, W.A., kindly sent me by Professor Ewart, have delicate,
fringed, interfilamentary teeth, so that this species should
have been placed in Bentham’s section Squamigera (of
Trichintum). The teeth are obtuse, except two which are
adnate to one of the filaments for three-quarters of their
length and terminate in acute tips. [Found in many places
growing close to the ground, but at times it attains to the
height of 8 or 10 in.] JT. exaltatum, Benth. Between Dal-
housie and Blood Creek, S.A.; between Crown Point and
Horseshoe Bend; Macumba, §.A. [Comes up with a broad
leaf and likes stony country, attaining the height of 3 ft.,
and is in some places plentiful. |
464
Trichinium Whitei, sp. nova. (pl. xxxviii.). Suffruter
glabrescens, folus 5-12 mm. longis alternis vel glomeratis
elliptico - lanceolatis in petiolum brevem angustatis cum
bast «wmduratad persistente, spicis globosis circiter 20
mm. diametro ramulos breves terminantibus, bracteis
bracteolisque 4 mm. longis late ovatis mucronulatis
mitentibus, perianthio 10 mm. longo, segmentis roseis fere ad
apicem usque villosis, tribus interioribus intus dense lanato-
ciiatis, filamentis bast in cupulam annulo pilorum imtus
cinctam coalitis, tribus brevioribus anantheris, ovario glabro
stipitato, stylo excentrico. Thirty miles east of Deep Well.
Belongs to the Series Polycephala, and differs from T.
Stirlingii, Lindl., in the woody branches, smaller spikes,
glabrous foliage, and the hard, persistent bases of the leaves;
in the last-named character it resembles 7. cespitulosum and
T. helichrysoides, Named after the organizer and leader of
the expedition. [A shrub about 2 ft. high, but much eaten
down. |
Ptilotus latifolius, R. Br. Depot Sandhills. [We
only met with this plant in the sandhill country.| Alternan-
thera triandra, Lam. Dalhousie, S.A. [Growing in low
country subject to floods. |
PHYTOLACCACEE.—Gyrostemon ramulosus, Desf. Depot
Sandhills. [A small dark-green bush, found growing on the
sides of the high sandhills. | .
AIZOACEHZ.—Atzoon zygophylloides, F. v. M. Dalhousie
Springs, S.A. [Only found at the springs; growing in quite
salty places, and very close to the ground. |
PortuLacacE&.—Calandrinia balonnensis, Lindl. ‘‘Para-
keelya.’’ East of Deep Well. [This useful fodder plant has
more than once saved human lives, owing to the large quantity
of water it contains; its flower is a most charming one, a vivid
puce with yellow centre. |
CaRYOPHYLLACEH.—Polycarpea corymbosa, Lam. Be-
tween Crown Point and Horseshoe Bend. [This little plant
was often met with growing close to the sandy soil. |
CruciFEREZ.—Lepidium ruderale, L. Twenty-five miles
south of Love Creek. A pubescent form. [Common; it seems
to be eaten by stock; the flavour is hot, like mustard. |
CapPpaRIDACEH#.—Capparis Muitchellui, Lindl. ‘‘Native
Orange.’’ East of Deep Well. [A shrub attaining to the
height of 16 or 18 ft., and a beautiful sight when in full
blossom. The natives eat the fruit. ]
PITTOSPORACEH.—Pittosporum philyreoides, DC. Run-
ning Waters, Finke River. [Good-sized trees up to 20 ft.
were seen; the foliage drooping. |
465
Lreauminos#.—Tephrosia purpurea, Pers. Depot Sand-
hills. [Was only met with in the sandhill country.|] Psoralea
ertantha, Benth. Depot Sandhills. P., paters, Vand.
Between’ Crown Point and Horseshoe Bend; Hermannsburg.
[Plentiful in places; growing on country that had been
flooded from time to time, also in glens and _ gorges.|
Crotalaria Mitchellu, R. Br. Hamilton Bore, S.A. JC.
dissitiflora, Benth. Dalhousie, 8.A.; Crown Point. [The
stems of this plant are soaked in water by the natives and
pounded almost to pulp, from which a fibre is made. Natives
also eat the roots when roasted.| C. Cunninghamu, R. Br.
Horseshoe Bend. [This strange plant was met with on the
Finke River in two or three places.] (C. Vove-hollandia, DC.
East of Deep Well. Swarnsona campylantha, F.v. M. Dal-
housie, S.A. [Great quantities grow on the southern slopes
of the high sandhills.] S. mzcrophylla, A. Gray. East of
Deep Well. S. phacoides, Benth. Henbury. [We noticed
quite a lot of this plant growing in the sand near Crown
Point.| Templetonia egena, Benth. ‘‘Broombush’’ of the
North. Henbury. [A very shapely bush bearing a mass of
yellow flowers.] Acacia aneura, F.v.M. ‘‘Mulga.’’ Crown
Point. [This is the dominating feature of the local flora, a
grand drought-resisting shrub, throwing little or no shade. ]
A. cyperophylla, F.v.M. ‘‘Red Mulga.’’ Between Dalhousie
and Blood Creek, S.A. [Only found in very limited areas
on one or two creeks between Dalhousie and Blood Creek. |
A. chara, F..v. M. Thirty miles east of Deep Well.
A. dictyophleba, F .v..M. Depot Sandhills. [Large bunches
of seed-pods hanging from the limbs and glistening in the
sun owing to a sticky covering makes this bush a most remark-
able one.| A. Cambage, R. T. Baker. ‘‘Gidya’’ or ‘‘Stink-
ing Wattle.” Between Crown Point and Horseshoe Bend;
near Charlotte Waters. Formerly confused with 4. homalo-
phylla, Cunn. Baker describes the petals as glabrous, but
Maiden, in For. Fl., NV.S.W., iv., pl. 121, figures them as
pubescent. They are densely pubescent in our specimens.
[After a shower of rain this tree smells so strong that it is
quite nauseous; cattle will only eat it when there is nothing
else. Camels seem to relishit. It is not a widely-distributed
tree, but confined to the banks of certain creeks; it is not met
with near the ranges.| 4A. Kempeana, F. v. M. ‘‘Broad-
leaved Mulga.’’ Thirty miles east of Deep Well. [This is a
very common acacia all along the foot of the MacDonnells;
stock do not hke this bush as much as the real mulga
(A. aneura).| A. Oswaldu, F. v. M. Love Creek. With
almost linear leaves, but with the characteristic pod. [Not
a common plant; only met with it east of Alice Springs. |
466
A. pyrifoa, DC. _ Crown’ Point. © AY ‘sehen tinder
“Umbrella Bush.’’ Between Crown Point and Horseshoe
Bend. Var. varvans, Benth. ‘‘Native Willow.’’ Dalhousie
Springs, S.A. [The ‘‘Native Willow’’ grows into quite a
tree, 40 ft. or so high, with very elegant drooping foliage,
and is always found where there is moisture. The ‘‘Umbrella
Bush’’ grows on stony ridges as a rule.] A. sessiliceps,
F. v. M. Near New Crown Point. [Some fine large bushes:
in full blossom were met with in the sandy country; it is a
very handsome shrub.] A handsome Acacia in flower,
resembling 4. retenodes, has been brought from between Love
Creek and Deep Well and from Ruby Gap on the Hale River.
It differs in the distinct, linear-spatulate sepals, and pods.
must be obtained before it can be placed. [This fine acacia
was only seen after we had reached the Hale River.] Cassia
phyllodinea, R. Br. Macumba, S.A. (C. desolata, F. v. M.
Between Crown Point and Horseshoe Bend. C. eremophila,
Cunn. Crown Point; between Dalhousie and Blood Creek,
S.A. [This Cassia was met with in full bloom. They are
beautiful bushes, symmetrical in shape, bright-flowering, and
sweet scented.| C. Sturtu, R. Br. Dalhousie Springs,
S.A. C. pleuwrocarpa, F. v. M. Between Crown Point and
Horseshoe Bend, Dalhousie Springs. [A very handsome bush,
2 or 3 ft. high.] C. artemistoides, Gaud. Henbury. Petalo-
styles labicheoides, R. Br. Love Creek. [A beautiful little
shrub not often seen. |
GERANIACE®.—Hrodium cygnorum, Nees. Twenty-five
miles south of Love Creek.
ZYGOPHYLLACEEZ.—Zygophyllum fruticulosum, DC. Dal-
housie Springs, S.A. [Large bright-green leaves and a
quantity of yellow blossoms; very plentiful in places.]|
Z. glaucescens, F. v. M. Between Crown Point and Horse-
shoe Bend; Dalhousie Springs, S.A. Z. ammophilum, F.v. M. .
Dalhousie Springs, S.A. Tribulus hystric, R. Br. Crown
Point, Finke River. Flowers very large and showy. WNztraria
Schebert, L. River Finke.
EKuPHORBIACEH.—Huphorbia Wheelert, Baill. Idracowra.
E. Drummondu, Idracowra.
MatvaceZ.—Plagianthus glomeratus, Benth. Dalhousie
Springs, S.A. Lavatera plebeia, Sims. Between Dalhousie
and Blood Creek, S.A. [A fairly common plant.| dMJalva-
strum spicatum, A. Gray. Between Dalhousie and Blood
Creek, S.A. Svda wirgata, Hook. Between Crown Point and
Horseshoe Bend. 38S. corrugata, Lindl. Twenty-five miles
south of Love Creek. [A low bush of 6 to 8 in., growing
in sandhill country.| A butelon Mitchellu, Benth. MacDonnell
Ranges. Gossypium Sturtv, F. v. M. Bitter Springs;
467
between Hale River and Love Creek. [A beautiful shrub,
growing in sheltered spots and covered in _ bright-blue
blossoms. |
STERCULIACEH.—Jelhania incana, Heyne. Between
Love Creek and Deep Well.
FRANKENIACEEZ.—V’rankenia pauciflora, DC. Between
Dalhousie and Blood Creek; Eringa, S.A.; Henbury, Finke
River. All are hairy forms. [A very bright-flowering little
globular shrub of compact growth, enlivening the landscape
with its mass of blossoms.] There is also a small plant with
procumbent stems rooting at the nodes and apparently grow-
ing in damp, muddy spots at Dalhousie Springs and on the
Finke River between Crown Point and Horseshoe Bend. From
the withered remains of flowers and fruit it is a Mrankenia;
the leaves are divaricate, scaly-tomentose, and sessile, so that
it cannot be one of the many forms of F. pauciflora. Its
habit is also entirely different. [This little prostrate plant is
evidently very rare. It has a moss-like appearance. |
THYMELZACEZ.—Pimelea trichostachya, Lindl. Between
Love Creek and Deep Well.
Myrtracez.—Vhryptomene Maisonneuvu, F.v. M. Hen-
bury, Finke River. [This lovely little shrub seems to thrive
on the red sandhills.]| Hucalyptus gamophylla, F. v. M.
Henbury. [This strange gum was only met with once; the
leaves (even the adult ones) are very blue; the tree grows to
20 or 25 ft. It spreads out from the butt and has several
stems, in the same manner as the peppermint gum.] JZ.
microtheca, F. v. M. ‘‘Desert Box.’’ Between Love Creek
and Deep Well. JL. oleosa, F.v. M. Hermannsburg. Var.
longicornis, F.v. M. Bitter Spring. [A low-growing stunted
mallee.] 2. pachyphylia, F.v. M. MacDonnell Ranges. £.
terminalis, F. v. M. MacDonnell Ranges.
HALORAGIDACESH. — WVyriophyllum verrucosum, Lindl.
Running Waters, Finke River. [A common water weed along
the Finke.| Haloragis ceratophylla, Endl. Twenty-five
miles south of Love Creek.
- UMBELLIFERZ.—-Didiscus glaucifolius, F. v. M. Between
Crown Point and Horseshoe Bend. [This pretty plant with
bluish flowers was found growing in the sandy river-bed
18 in. to 2 ft. high. |]
GENTIANACEH.—LFrythrea spicata, Pers. Hamilton Bore,
S.A. All the corollas examined are 5-lobed. [Great quanti-
ties were growing on the flats by the creek. |
ASCLEPIADACEH.—WMarsdenia Leichhardtiana, F. v. M.
MacDonnell Ranges. [A climber on trees, called ‘‘Native
Pear’’ locally from the shape of the pod, which is fleshy
before maturity, and is eaten by both whites and natives. |
468
CoNVOLVULACEH.—Convolvulus erubescens, Sims. Her-
mannsburg ; Crown Point; 25 miles south of Love Creek. [Met
with many times during the trip climbing into low bushes or
on tussocks of grass. |
BoracinacE&.—Halgania strigosa, Schlecht. Mount
Squires. [This shrub is not plentiful, but occasional bushes
were met with here and there on the flats between sandhills
east of Deep Well; they were covered in bright-blue flowers. |
Trichodesma zeylanicum, R. Br. Between Dalhousie and
Blood Creek, S.A.; between Crown Point and Horseshoe
Bend. [Grows about 2 ft. high; not plentiful; likes the
sandy beds of creeks; was in full bloom. |
VERBENACEEH.—WNewcastlia spodiotricha, F. v. M. Depot
Sandhills. [Found growing in sandhill country; in some cases
quite large bushes, 4 to 6 ft. high.] Clerodendron flori-
bundum, R. Br. Hillery Creek.
Lasiat#.—Prostanthera striatiflora, F. v. M. Hermanns-
burg; Bitter Spring. [A pretty little bush growing in the
ranges.| Teucrwwm racemosum, R. Br. Lindsay Creek, S.A.
The specimen has the lower peduncles 3-flowered, as in 7.
integrifolium, F. v. M., but has the hoary tomentum of T.
racemosum, so that there seems little doubt the two species
should be united, as was subsequently proposed by Mueller.
Mentha australis, R. Br. Between Dalhousie and Blood
Creek, S.A. [Found growing in damp places at the edge of
waterholes and springs. |
SoLaANaAcEm.—Nicotiana suaveolens, Lehm. ‘“Native
Tobacco.’’ Ellery Creek. [Plentiful in many of the deep
glens and growing on the side of the cliffs and along the water-
courses; coveted -much by the natives.] Solanum ellipticum,
R. Br. Hast of Deep Well. [Numerous small bushes were
seen in the sandhills, and they were in full flower. |
ScROPHULARIACEZ.—Stemodia viscosa, Roxb. Ruby Gap,
Hale River. [A very pretty flower, growing in damp locali-
ties under the shelter of rocks. |
ACANTHACEZ.—Justicia procumbens, L. Idracowra;
Crown Point; Eringa, S.A.
Myororace&.—Myoporum acuminatum, R. Br. ‘‘Native
Myrtle.’’ Hermannsburg; Ellery Creek. [Some fair-sized
bushes were growing amongst the rocks.] Hremophila
Duttonu, F. v. M. Between Dalhousie and Blood Creek.
[Some large bushes of this plant were seen.]| J&. Latrobet,
F. v. M. Crown Point. [A very attractive shrub in its
rich blue flowers.] #. Wallsw, F. v. M. Depot Sandhills.
E. Freelingu, F. v. M. Between Crown Point and Horseshoe
Bend. Pedicels 10-20 mm. long and often two together in the
axil. .I have similar specimens from Oodnadatta (Miss Staer),
469
and such are also to be found in the Tate Herbarium from
Illamurta (Horn Expedition) in a folio labelled ‘‘2. Duttoniw
or #. Freelingu(?),” as well as from Aroona and Arco-
eillinna Well (Elder Expedition, 23/5/91). [This is a common
shrub on the tablelands, growing to the height of 10 or
12 ft.; seldom a single bush is seen, but they also form small
parties of ten to fifty bushes. They often grow in the most
stony localities; colour of flower varies very much.] Z£.
MacDonnellu, F. v. M., var. n. gracilis. Variat ramis
graciliortbus, folis minoribus, pedicellis flexuosis et longioribus
(20-25 mm.), alabastris nutantibus. Thirty miles east of
Deep Well. [A slender shrub, growing about 2 ft. high,
whereas the type is a stout shrub of much greater height. |
E£. longifolia, F. v. M. Hermannsburg.
Eremophila neglecta, sp. nova. (pl. xxxix.). Fruter
viscido-tomentellus, foluis planis lanceolatis 2-4 cm. longis
in petiolum brevem angustatis, pedicellis solitarus calyce
paulo longioribus, calycis segmentis valde wimbricatis
novellis ovatis florescentibus orbicularibus omnibus obtusis
sparsim flocculosis circiter 7 mm. longis post anthesin
paulo accrescentibus, corollaé 20 mm. longé basi vir
constricta extus glanduloso-pubescente intusque in lobis, lobis
rotundatis subequalibus infimo emarginato reflexo ad trientem
corolle soluto, staminibus exsertis, filamentis basi geniculatis,
ovario glabro, ovulis 2 in quoque loculo. Macumba, S.A.;
between Crown Point and Horseshoe Bend, Finke River:
Flowering in August. Dr. Schomburgk’s herbarium in the
Museum of Economic Botany contains a similar specimen
‘collected by Helms in the Upper Arkaringa Valley (Elder
Expedition, 1891), and labelled ‘“‘#. Duttonw.’’ Presumably,
therefore, it is included under this name in the list of plants
published by Mueller and Tate (Proc. Roy. Soc., 8.A., xvi.,
377). The Schomburgk herbarium also contains specimens of
the true #. Dutton from Mount Lyndhurst. The new species
sbands nearest to H#. Duttonw, F. v. M., #. Oldfieldu,
F. v. M., and £. calycina, 8S. Moore (Jcurn. Bot., anno 1902,
28); but differs from these and all previously described species
of the section Stenochilus in the very obtuse calyx-segments,
the obtuse four upper lobes of the corolla, and probably in
the notched lowest lobe also. I have recently received
specimens gathered at Arkaringa Station (50 miles west of
Oodnadatta) by Miss Staer. H#. neglecta has, therefore, a
fairly wide distribution in the Farthest North of South Aus-
tralia and in Central Australia.
E. Paisleyt, F. v. M. Henbury. This is a form with
broader and thicker leaves than are described in /F1.
Aust., or figured in Mueller’s ‘‘Myoporinous Plants of
Australia.” The calyx segments are ciliate with long
470
spreading hairs, and I found two pairs of superimposed
ovules in each cell. There are exactly similar speci-
mens in the Tate herbarium (Horn Expedition) labelled
“HE. Bowmannu or HL. Paisleyi, shrub 6 ft. high.’”’ Pholidia
Christophorn, F. v. M. Hermannsburg.
CucursitacEz.—WMelothria maderaspatana, Cogn. Be-
tween Love Creek and Deep Well; Urinilla Springs.
CaMPANULACEZ.—Wahlenbergqia gracilis, DC. Hamilton
Bore, S.A. [Not plentiful; found in damp localities. |]
GooDENIACcEZ.—Velleya paradoxa, R. Br. Crown Point.
This species does not appear to have been recorded so far
inland before, although V. connata has been found in Central
Australia. Calogyne Berardiana, F. v. M. Idracowra;
Henbury; between Crown Point and MHorseshoe Bend.
[Rather common little plant, seen in many situations. |
Leschenaultia divaricata, F. v. M.. Dalhousie, S.A:
Brunoma Australis, Smith. Thirty miles east of Deep Well.
{Found growing in the sandy bed of watercourses.| Sccevola
emula, R. Br. Thirty miles east of Deep Well; 25 miles
south of Love Creek. 8S. ovalifolia, R. Br. Love Creek.
S. spinescens, R. Br. Between Crown Point and Horseshoe
Bend.
Composit#.—Pterigeron microglossus, Benth. Love
Creek. [Growing plentifully on Macumba Station on the
alluvial flats.] P. adscendens, Benth. Between Crown Point
and Horseshoe Bend. FP. liatroides, Benth. Same place.
[Very showy, growing up to 2 ft. high.] Pluchea Hyrea,
F. v. M. Running Waters. [Not a common plant:
Minuria integerrima, Benth. Eringa, S.A. lM. leptophylla,
DC. Idracowra and 25 miles south of Love Creek. |A
bright-flowering little plant which drew our attention by its
showiness.]| Vttadinia scabra, DC. Between Crown Point
and Horseshoe Bend. [This plant was not often met with. |
Pterocaulon sphacelatum, Benth. and Hook. Crown Point.
[Very showy, from 18 in. to 2 ft., and covered in reddish-
purple blossoms; leaves and stems with very stiff hairs. |
Flaveria Australasica, Hook. Between Dalhousie and Blood
Creek, S.A.; between Crown Point and Horseshoe Bend.
[Met with in abundance in the sandhill country.| Calotis
erinacea, Steetz. Depot Sandhills; Henbury and between
Crown Point and Horseshce Bend. [A few small bushes of
this plant came under notice at Dalhousie.| Brachycome
ciliaris, Less. Var. lanuginosa, Benth. Crown Point. [Not
plentiful; found growing in loose sand, 5 to 6 in. high.|
Gnephosis cyathopappa, Benth. Idracowra. [Growing in
great masses at Henbury, which is near Idracowra, the deep
orange tint of the flowers being very effective in the mass. |
G. skirrophora, Benth. Dalhousie Springs, S.A. [Not often
471
seen; grows low to the ground.] G. eriocarpa, Benth.
Idracowra. [Growing close to the ground.] Myriocephalus
Stuartu, Benth. Hermannsburg; Crown Point. [Very plenti-
ful after rain; hundreds of square miles are covered with this
plant; stock relish it.] Calocephalus platycephalus, Benth.
Crown Point. Rutidosis helichrysoides, DC. Crown Point;
30 miles east of Deep Well. [Quite a quantity growing in
the sandy soil.] Jatolena leptolepis, Benth. Between Crown
Point and Horseshoe Bend. Podolepis canescens, Cunn.
Crown Point. Helichrysum ambiguum, Turcz. Depot Sand-
hills. Pappus-hairs only 7-9. AH. bracteatum, Willd.
Between Love Creek and Deep Well; Urinilla Springs.
[Grows very rapidly in the sandy country after a shower of
rain.| Schenia Cassiniana, Steetz. Idracowra; 30 miles
east of Deep Well. [Great masses of this plant in full blossom
were met with in the sandhills.] MHelipterum floribundum,
DC. Idracowra; Crown Point; between Love Creek and
Deep Well; 30 miles east of Deep Well. [A common plant,
often covered in a mass of blossom, and making white dots
over the country.| H. stiptatum, F. v. M. Crown Point;
Idracowra; 30 miles east of Deep Well. [Plentiful in sandy
country.| H. pterochetwm, Benth. Crown Point; 30 miles
east of Deep Well. [Found both on sandy country and
alluvial flats; averages 10 or 12 in. in height.] A. Charsleye,
F.v. M. Henbury; Crown Point; between Crown Point and
Horseshoe Bend; Macumba Station, S.A. [It was not
unusual to meet with half an acre covered by this plant. |
H. Fitzgibbonu, F. v. M. Idracowra; Crown Point. [A
showy little plant when seen in masses, but very local.]
Gnaphalium indicum, L. Hamilton Bore, Stevenson Creek,
S.A. [Growing in great masses in some localities.] G. luteo-
album, lL. Between Dalhousie and Blood Creek, S.A.
[Growing in quantities on flooded ground.| Senecio mag-
nificus, F. v. M. Horseshoe Bend. [We found this plant
in full bloom in many parts of the country; its flowering
stems grow to the height of 3 ft. 6 in. to 4 ft., and the
blossoms attract much insect life.| S. Gregoru, F. v. M.
Idracowra. lulled ees
DESCRIPTION OF PLATES.
Pratt XXXVITI.
Bassia inchoata, sp. n. 1, unexpanded flower; 2, stamens and
pistil; 3, fruiting perianth; 4, the same, vertical section.
Trichinium Whiter, sp. n. 5, unexpanded flower; 6, bract;
7, bracteoles; 8, one of the inner perianth segments; 9, stamens
and pistil; 10, staminal cup spread open; inner view; 11, pistil.
Pratt XXXIX.
Eremophila neglecta, sp. n. 1, corolla; 2, corolla spread open;
3, pistil; 4, dissepiment of ovary and 2 ovules; 5, bud.
472
(/) Analyses of Samples of Water from Bores and Springs, Great
Australian Artesian Basin.
Samples Collected by Capt. S. A. White in 1913.
By W. 8S. Capmany.
Horse
shoe
Bore,
Macumba
Analyst,
Satine Constituents (grains | °>??™*”
per gallon).
Chlorine, Cl. .. He (O96
Sulphuric acid (radicle), SO, sacl 48"
Carbonic acide wadiels) CO) )\"48'70
Sodium, Na. ... ...| 93°94
PO GASST UT, CNG the ied eye le een a LR Oe
Calcium, Oe are Moe nae aa noel
Moonesmim®, Mic (25 10). eee | lb
Silica, Si0, . |e el SO
Oxide of iron and ‘alumina vy
Total saline matter—
Grains per gallon ... ... ...| 169-96
Ounces per gallon... ... ... "38
ASssUMED COMPOSITION oF SALTS
(grains per gallon).
Calcium carbonate St at ape L450
Calcium ‘sulphateye-) cote ...aeeeae lal
Magnesium carbonate Aa Dil edaees
Magnesium sulphate ... ... ...| 5°80
Sodium carbonate BE a nergy UM A Al ee
Sodium sulphate Vs. ei ten one
Sodium’ sehlonides ...) eta ee. L009 223
Potassium chloride ote ebutd aoe cect arto OL
Silica |) 1°80
Oxide of iron and alumina ...| —
HARDNESS (Enelse pee)
Total ee ee QOiLS
Temporary ois 2 oe gona 8A 356)
Permanent Pe eee a2 >) SSN bMy Ba als}
Due to calenm) ie) 2.) Pete els: 35
Due to magnesium 5k) REE Miwa: ght (AEBS
Temperature at time of sampling | 104°Fh.
Home-
stead,
Dalhousie
Analyst,
Chapman.
*
31°16
16°67
20°77
1:20
0°43
2°74
1:05
15
79:17
‘18
13-57
9°59
2-97
49:55
2-29
1:05
15
24 90
24°90
13°57
11°33
~ 90°Fh.
Station
Bore,
William
Creek
Analyst,
Chapman.
*
167-74
35°92
Hamilton
Bore
Analyst,
Chapman.
28°36
14°58
6°30
16°54
6:24
4°35
2°59
1°50
80°46
18
*Odour of sulphuretted hydrogen.
Hot
Spring,
Dalhousie
Analyst,
Chapman.
23°82
7:00
7°20
14°98
1°76
4°28
1°75
1°50
"10
62°39
‘14
111°Eh,
Railway
Analyst,
Chapman.
168 °48
42°84
9-60
108-15
5°61
15°56
4:01
1-90
10
35625
‘81
16°00
31°14
20°05
TAQ
269-23
10°71
1-90
10
473
NOTES ON THE PRECEDING ANALYSES OF WATERS OBTAINED
BY Captain S. A. WHITE IN THE Far Norra or SoutH
AUSTRALIA.
The results of the analytical work which has been carried
out on the samples of water brought back by Captain White
from the Far North give much-needed information with
regard to the saline constituents in some waters that have
never before been analysed.
It is known that the water of the Great Australian
Basin contains different amounts of solid. matter in solution
at different points. On the whole, the salinity increases with
the distance traversed by the water in its underground passage
from the intake beds in Eastern Australia to the outlet in
the Lake Eyre region of South Australia. These facts are
summarized by Mr. H. F. Pittman, Government Geologist of
New South Wales, in his paper entitled ‘‘Problems of the
Artesian Water Supply of Australia’? in the following
table :—
143 samples from Queensland give an average salinity of
47°94 grains per gallon.
177 samples from New South Wales give an average
salinity of 56°35 grains per gallon.
14 samples from South Australia give an average
salinity of 141°62 grains per gallon.
Later work than that which was available to Mr. Pittman
makes the comparison between the artesian waters of New
South Wales, Queensland, and South Australia still more
unfavourable to the last-named State.
Including these latest results, with all the other
analyses available, it is found that the average salinity of the
water from bores and springs in the South Australian por-
tion of the Great Australian Artesian Basin is 222°57 grains
per gallon, calculated from 33 analyses. In this calculation
the older analyses have been discarded in favour of the later
ones in those cases where more than one analysis has been
made. Thus the average has been derived from figures per-
taining to different springs or wells, although in some locali-
ties, as at Hergott and Dalhousie Springs, samples have been
taken from places in close proximity to each other.
One noticeable feature with regard to the analyses is that
concerned with the improvement of the quality of the
Hamilton Creek Bore water, the salinity of which has
decreased from 112°79 grains to 8046 grains per gallon
between 1896 and 1913. This is a point worthy of notice
by those who have been disappointed in the quality of the
A474
water obtained after having been put to the expense of boring.
Similar cases of improvement have been noted with respect
to bores in the Eucla Basin and the Adelaide Plains Basin.
The analyses of the samples taken by Captain White
has shown that there is an area favoured by very good water
in the Dalhousie Springs district; but it is not known whether
all the water between Dalhousie Springs and the Anacoora
Bore in the Northern Territory (containing 61°40 grains of
solids per gallon) is equally good.
With regard to the economic application of the waters
of the springs and bores in the Great Australian Basin, it
may be said that the principal use is for the watering of
stock. Almost every bore has given water sufficiently good
for this purpose. Individual cases have been reported of the
successful application of these mineralized waters to medicinal
uses. They are, on the whole, unsuitable for irrigation,
although the amount of solid matter in solution is in a few
places—as, for example, at Dalhousie Springs—less than that
which will permit the growth of hardy vegetation. The date
palms at the Coward Bore, the water from which contains 2455
grains of solids per gallon, and therefore but little more than
the average proportion of saline matter, have not made very
successful growth.
It is not possible to establish comparisons between the
South Australian waters and those of New South Wales
which have been applied to irrigation, for the reason that the
latter contain so much less mineral matter in solution.
L. Ke1ta Warp, Government Geologist.
September 25, 1914.
475
me DRAG (OF 4+PROCEKE DINGS
OF THE
Royal Society of South Australia
(Incorporated)
FOR 1913-14.
ORDINARY MerrEtTING, NovemsBer 13, 1913.
THe Presipent (J. C. Verco, M.D., F.R.C.S.) in the
chair.
Exurpits.—Mr. A. M. Lua, F.E.S., exhibited a cabinet
drawer containing a majority of the insects taken by Captain
S. A. White on his recent expedition to the interior ; also two
very large scorpions obtained on the same expedition. Some
of the specimens were very interesting, and some were new to
science. He also exhibited three cabinet drawers of gall
insects, mostly from about Adelaide and from Kangaroo
Island, special reference being made to a gall which is in-
habited, first by the larva of a moth, then by ants, and finally
by a curious spider. Mr. F. R. Zierz exhibited two birds,
Eulabeornis castaneoventris (chestnut-bellied rail), collected
by Mr. Dodd, Museum collector, from King Sound, Western
Australia, and from Melville Island, Northern Territory.
Captain S. A. Waite exhibited the following birds, taken on
his recent expedition, viz.:-—J/alurus callainus (Gould), re-
corded by the Horn.expedition as Malurus melanotus, but now
found to be callainus; Leggeornis lambertt morgani (White)
(Morgan’s wren), described by the Horn expedition as I. lam-
berti, but differing very much from that bird; Pardalotus
rubricatus (Gould) (red-browed pardalote), recorded by the
Horn expedition, and also found in the north and north-west
of Australia; Hallornis cyanotus (white-winged wren), found
from a few miles north of Adelaide to the MacDonnell Ranges ;
Chlamydera maculata macdonnelli (yellow-spotted bower
bird), found in the deep ravines of the MacDonnell Ranges, a
very timid bird, and a great mimic, being able to imitate many
476
bird and animal calls; Melithreptus leteor (Gould) (golden-
backed honey-eater), found only at Running Waters on the
Finke River; also the following plants, viz.:—Casuarina De-
caisneana (desert oak), the bark, fruit, and foliage, as well as
photographs of young and adult trees ; Grevillea striata (silky
oak), flowers, foliage, and photograph of tree; Acacia cypero-
phylla (red mulga), fruit, foliage, and flowers, and photographs
of tree and bark; and numerous specimens of thorn bushes,
including Acacia farnesiana. Mr. WatteR Howcutn, F.G.S.,
exhibited fragments of Belemnites, encrusted with gypsum,
collected by Captain White.
Professor STIRLING, C.M.G., gave a résumé, lnetestad
by bones and photographs, of work done in connection with
the fossils from Lake Callabonna, with special reference to the
Giant Wombat. The results are embodied in Vol. I. of the
Society’s Memoirs. Mr. Watter Howcuin stated that the
large marsupials and struthious birds appeared in Australia in
a comparatively recent geological age, probably the later
pleistocene, and somewhat suddenly disappeared in recent
times. This was possibly due to a change of climate, following
on the development of a new watershed which arose across the
old lines of drainage, damming the water back and converting
the north-south into an east-west drainage, while the im-
pounded waters of the interior became increasingly saline.
ORDINARY MEETING, APRIL De MESS.
Toe Presipent (J. ©.) Verco, M.D: BRC.) 1m one
chair.
Nominations.—Eustace W. Ferguson, M.B., Ch.M.,
Assistant Pathologist to the Government of New South Wales,
Roseville, Sydney, and Gregory M. Mathews, F.R.S.E.,
F.L.S., F.Z.S., Ornithologist, Watford, Herts, England, as
Fellows.
Wetcome To Dr. Mawson.—THE PRESIDENT reported
that he had represented the Society at the University Com-
memoration held to welcome our Fellow, Douglas Mawson,
D.S8c., B.E., and his party on their return from the Antarctic,
and had spoken on behalf of the Society at the public weleome
given in the Adelaide Town Hall. He had also telegraphed
to Dr. Mawson the congratulations of the Society on the day
of his arrival and on his wedding day.
CONGRATULATIONS TO Mr. Howcnin.—THEr PRESIDENT
congratulated Mr. WaLTteR Howcurn, F.G.8., member of the
‘Council, upon the award made to him by the Geological Society
of London from the Lyell Fund, in recognition of the
477
geological work done by him in South Australia. Mr.
Howcuin responded.
DraTH or Mr. Joun Dartinc.—THE PRESIDENT reported
the death of our Fellow, Mr. John Darling, who, although
prevented by his wide commercial and public pursuits from.
taking an active part in the Society’s work, had for seven
years by his membership shown his sympathy with its objects.
AUSTRALIAN Forest Leacue.—THE Hon. Secretary laid
on the table a circular from the Australian Forest League,
setting forth its objects.
BoTanicaL ConGress, 1915.—-Tue Hon. Secretary laid
on the table the preliminary circular of the Fourth Inter-
national Botanical Congress to be held in London in 1915.
EXHIBITS.—THE PRESIDENT showed a small book, called
“Beautiful Shells,” by H. Adams, published in London in
1856, which included some curious bits of information. Speak-
ing of the value of shells, one reads: “As much as a thousand
pounds, it is said, has been given for the _first-discovered
specimen of the l’enws dione; another shell, called the Conus
cedo nulli, is valued at three hundred pounds; and the Turbo
scdlaris, 1£ large and perfect, is worth one hundred guineas ;
while the Cyprwa aurantium, or orange cowry, if it has not a
hole beaten through it, will fetch fifty guineas. It has been
calculated that a complete collection of British conchology is
worth its weight in silver.” Captain S. A. WuITE showed
samples of some numbers of Gregory M. Mathews’ great work
on Australian Birds, now in course of publication. Mr. F. R.
Zietz exhibited several reptiles and amphibians collected by
Captain S. A. White in Central Australia and presented to
the South Australian Museum. Mr. A. M. Laas, F.E.S.,
exhibited specimens of an extraordinary gall-forming insect
of the genus Brachyscelis, the male galls of which are found
in umbrella-shaped clusters attached to the female galls. Some
remarkable parasites of the genus Dinoura, and some other
curious insects, were raised from the same. He also showed a
large scorpion (64 inches from «ip to tip), sent by Mr. H. G.
Stokes, of the Radium Mine on Flinders Range; as a result
of its sting a man had been rendered unwell for several days.
Also two flies, sent by Mr. G. F. Benson, of Edithburgh, who
reared them from maggots taken from the heads of young
starlings. Also a very curious beetle taken by Dr. Pulleine
at Mount Tambourine, in Southern Queensland. Mr. A. G.
Epaquist exhibited a moth which laid 35,000 to 37,000 eggs in
long strings, three at a time, followed by a short pause. The
eggs are largely collected by ants, who keep them in their
nests until the grubs are hatched, when the latter are eaten.
478
Also a fungus found growing from the head of a grub of the
same moth. Also berry-scales from young gum-trees. Mr.
WattER Howcnin, F.G.S., exhibited some fossils from the
Cambrian of Central Australia, belonging to the genus Cryp-
tozoon, sent to him by Dr. Chewings.
Papers.—‘‘Occurrence of the Genus Cryptozoén in the (?)
Cambrian of Australia,” by WatrerR Howcuin, F.G.S.;
“Notes on the Amycterides in the South Australian Museum,
with Descriptions of New Species,’’ Part I., by Eustace W.
Fercuson, M.B., Ch.M.; ‘‘An Hemipterous Insect from am
Australian Opossum’s Nest,’’ by E. Bercroru, M.D., com-
municated by A. M. Lea, F.E.S.; ‘“Notes on the Stratigraphy
of Central Australia,”’ by CuarLes Cuewines, Ph.D., F.G.S.
Pusiic Lecture, May 8, 1914.
THE PresiDENT (J. C. Verco, M.D., F.R.C.S.) in the:
chair.
A public lecture on “Oysters and their Culture in South
Australia ’’ was given by W. G. Ranpa.u, Senior Inspector of
Oyster Fisheries.
ORDINARY MEETING, THuRsDay, May 14, 1914.
Tue Presipent (J. C. Verco, M.D., F.R.C.S.) in the
chair.
PatTron.—TueE Hon. Secretary reported that His Excel-
lency Sir Henry Galway, K.C.M.G., D.S.O., had accepted the
position of Patron of the Society.
ELEcCTIONS.—Hustace W. Ferguson, M.B., Ch.M., As-
sistant Government Pathologist, Sydney, and Gregory M..
Mathews, F.R.S.E., F.L.S., F.Z.S., Ornithologist, Watford,
Herts, England, were elected Fellows.
NominatTion.—Kdgar R. Waite, F.L.S., Director of the:
South Australian Museum, was nominated as Fellow.
Exuibits.—Dr. PuLLEeINE exhibited enlargements of
photographs of lve spiders. Both originals and enlargements
were taken with a vertical camera with about one sixty-fourth
of an inch aperture and sixty or seventy seconds’ exposure ;
also photographs of spiders, natural size, taken by himself with
the same camera. These gave every detail necessary for full
description at any time. He also exhibited the photograph
of a spirit specimen of a spider; the nest of a hunting spider
with lid hinged on to one side of the tube ; and nests of spiders:
of various ages, showing that the lids were not used in their
earlier stages. Some of the lids were hard and some soft. He
479
also showed a specimen of the largest known Australian spider
(Selenotypus plumipes), from Pocock, Queensland. Mr. J.
G. QO. Tepper exhibited a calcareous rock from Williamstown
Road, which had been deposited by spring water around a
clump of dead reeds, the result strongly resembling an organic
structure. Mr. A. M. Lea exhibited specimens illustrative of
the papers to be read by him; also two curious pill-like cock-
roaches from Northern Queensland, and a stylopised wasp from
South Australia, the parasitic insects of the Stylopide not
having been before recorded from this State. Mr. F. R.
ZiETzZ exhibited some of the reptiles taken by Captain White
on his recent expedition. These will be described in a future
paper.
Papers.—‘‘Notes on Tenebrionids in the South Aus-
‘tralian Museum, collected by A. M. Lea, F.E.S., in 1911-12,
with Descriptions of New Species,’ by H. J. Carrer, B.A.,
F.E.S.; ‘‘Australian Hymenoptera, Proctotrypoidea’’ (No.
2), by Atan P. Dopp, communicated by A. M. Lea, F.E.S. ;
‘‘Notes on Australian Cetonides; with a List of Species, and
Descriptions of some New Ones,’’ by AnrHuR M. Lea, F.E.S.
ORDINARY MEETING, THURSDAY, JUNE 11, 1914.
THe Presipent (J. C. Verco, M.D., F.R.C.S.) in the
chair.
Nomination.—H. M. Cornish, bank clerk, Coast View,
Adelaide Road, Glenelg, as Fellow.
Evection.—Edgar R. Waite, F.L.S., Director of South
Australian Museum, as Fellow.
EXPEDITION TO MusGrAvE RANGES.—THE PRESIDENT re-
ferred to the Government expedition which would start next
week from Oodnadatta for the Musgrave and Everard Ranges
to examine into the character of the country and its capabili-
ties in the way of mineral and water supply. It would be
under the leadership of Mr. R. L. Jack, B.E., Assistant
Government Geologist, a Fellow of this Society. Captain S.
A. White, also a Fellow, would be unofficially attached to the
party for the first portion of the trip, and would represent
this Society. He would collect specimens of Natural History,
and would be accompanied by a skilled taxidermist. He con-
gratulated both gentlemen, and hoped they would have a suc-
cessful trip. Mr. Jack and Captain WuiTe thanked the Pre-
sident for his good wishes.
Exuipits.—Mr. A. M. Lea, F.E.S., exhibited two
drawers of beetles, some of which are destructive to the roots
-of sugar-cane, and one of which is the bulkiest insect known
480 .
from Australia; and some insects used by the natives as
food. Mr. F. R. Zrerz exhibited some additional reptiles
collected by Captain S. A. White on his recent expedition ;
also two females of the New Guinea parrot Hclectus pectorahs,
recently discovered in Queensland by Mr. McLellan, a collector
employed by Dr. W. Macgillivray, of Broken Hill; also two
specimens of the black-tailed red-browed finch (Mgintha tem-
poralis macgillivrayr), recently discovered by the same collec-
tor in the same locality. Mr. E. R. Warts exhibited a cast
of Heloderma suspectum from Arizona, U.S.A. This is one
of the only two poisonous lizards known. ‘The poison glands
are in the lower jaw, and consist of four independent sacs on
each side, opening into separate cup-like depressions. When
the jaw is closed both the upper and lower teeth become bathed
with the secretion. Mr. J. G. O. Tzpprr showed a mass of
so-called pineapple opal from White Cliffs, being a pseudo-
morph of a bunch of crystals. Mr. A. G. Epquist exhibited
a fungus related to the edible mushroom, but phosphorescent
at night. Captain 8. A. WurtTe showed a Goana, which had
swallowed a lizard too large to be taken in entirely, but which
it was unable to reject on account of the barb-like scales on
its tail, the result being the choking of the Iguana; also nests:
of Veositta pileata tenuirostris (slender-billed tree-runner),
and Petroica multicolor frontalis (southern scarlet-breasted
robin), both built in forks of branches, largely composed of
small strips of bark and covered with lichen, so as to be almost
indistinguishable from the branches; also a sea-shell usually
found on the north and north-east coast of Australia, collected
in 1868, 250 miles inland west from Cleveland Bay.
Paper.—‘‘Additions to the Orchidaceous Plants of South
Australia,’’ by R. S. Rocers, M.A., M.D.
ORDINARY MEETING, JuLy 9, 1914.
THe Presipent (J. C. Verco, M.D., F.R.C.8.) in the
chair.
Kurection.—H. M. Cornish, Coast View, Adelaide Road,.
Glenelg, was elected a Fellow.
Exuisits.—Mr. F. R. Zrerz exhibited eighteen species of
birds’ eggs from Antarctica, collected by Sir Douglas Maw-
son, and now in the South Australian Museum. Mr. A. M.
Lea exhibited a case of butterflies from New Guinea; also
some rose aphides destroyed by small parasites, and samples
of the latter; also some moths from Melville Island in illus-
tration of Dr. Turner’s paper. Mr. A. G. Epaquist showed a
fungus apparently developed in the burrow of a wood-borer,.
the fungus itself being perforated by some parasite. Mr. J.
§1
nies
G. O. TEeprerR read a translation from a German periodical,
Das Echo, dated April 30, 1914, dealing with the fact that
the chlorophyll of plants is a mixture of two closely-allied sub-
stances, in the proportion of one molecule of chlorophyll B to
nearly three molecules of chlorophyll A, and that an intimate
relation existed between chlorophyll and hzemin, the colouring
matter of animal blood. In the conversation which followed
Dr. Pulleine mentioned that green vegetables were useful in
some forms of anemia, and that chlorophyll was now employed
medicinally in the treatment of anemia.
PapeR.— ‘Some Moths from Melville and Bathurst Islands
in the South Australian Museum,” by A. JEFFERIS TURNER,
M.D., F.E.S.
OrpinaRy Meetine, Aucust 13, 1914.
THE PRESIDENT (J. C. Verco, M.D., F.R.C.S.) in the
chair.
THe PRESIDENT commented on the recent visit of the
British Association for the Advancement of Science to Ade-
laide, and gave details of the various Fellows of the Society
who had conducted excursions to places and objects of interest.
NominatTion.—David G. Darroch, Australian United
Paint Co., Port Adelaide, was nominated as a Fellow.
Exuisits.—Mr. H. G. Sroxes, F.G.S., exhibited speci-
mens of radio-active ore and associated minerals from Mount
Painter, in the Flinders Range, including small samples of
crude radium barium sulphate, and of sodium di-uranate,
obtained in the treatment of the ore. Several members of the
British Association, who had examined these minerals, had
pronounced them to be the most beautiful of their kind that
they had yet seen. Considerable interest was taken in this
exhibit, and many questions were asked, to which Mr. Stokes
replied, and promised to exhibit a further series at the next
meeting. Mr. A. M. Lea exhibited two cases of leaf-eating
beetles of the genus Paropsis, several of which are frequently
mistaken for ladybirds. Some species are remarkable for
brilliant golden or silvery spots, which disappear shortly after
death; also some larve of tortoise beetles, which have the
curious habit of covering themselves with their own excreta,
special processes being provided for this purpose.
ORDINARY MEETING, SEPTEMBER 10, 1914.
Toe Presipent (J. C. Verco, M.D., F.R.C.S.) in the
chair.
Evection.—David G. Darroch, Australian United Paint
©o., Port Adelaide, was elected a Fellow.
~
482
Nomination.—Maurice Edward Saunders, electrical engi-
neer, Millswood, was nominated as a Fellow.
Exuisits.—Captain 8. A. WHITE, who was welcomed by
the President on his return from his expedition to the Mus-
grave Ranges, exhibited four specimens of a bird, Xerophila
pectoralis, collected thirty miles and sixty miles west of Oodna
datta. One specimen only was known hitherto, collected many
years ago and described by Gould, and many naturalists had
come to view this as a sport and not a distinct species, as its
re-discovery now proved it to be. Mr. H. G. Stoxss exhibited
from the neighbourhood of the Radium Extraction Company’s
Mines in the Flinders Range a further collection of minerals,
including several specimens of the rarer metals and elements
not hitherto met with in this State. The deep lemon-yellow
radio-active mineral, Phosphuranylite, is associated with Tor-
bernite and Auttinite in the No. 7 ore deposit. The Columbite,
a niobate and tantalate of iron and manganese, occurs
sparingly in a pegmatite about two miles south-east of the
No. 6 deposit. The hydrous silicate of alumina, etc., has not
yet been determined ; it occurs on Mount Gee and to the east
of Radium Camp. Mr. WattER Howcuin exhibited a. piece
of hardened shelly-beach material which he had recently
obtained from Struan, ten miles south of Naracoorte. The
discovery was of interest as proving the height to which the
south-east country had been raised above the sea-level. It
had been generally thought that the maximum elevation of
the land in the south-east had been about 80 ft., but the
Struan beach deposits are about 200 ft. above present sea-level,
proving elevation to that extent. The beds in question form
a chff about 15 ft. in height in Mosquito Creek just above
the bridge, and are associated with a low range of indurated
blown sands (known locally as the Limestone Ridge) that
formed the coastal sand dunes when the sea shore was in that
locality. Mr. A. M. Lea exhibited a drawer of leaf-eating
beetles, some of which were very handsome. One kind was
remarkable in that it sometimes almost defoliates the danger-
ous “York Road”’ poison plant (Gastrolobium) in Western
Australia. He also showed portion of an ivory billiard ball
from the Northern Territory which had been attacked by
white ants. Mr. F. R. Zietz showed living snake-like lizards,
Lialis burtoni and Aprasia pulchella, from Darke Peak,
Eyre Peninsula. All such lizards are confined to Australia,
Tasmania, and New Guinea.
Papger.—“The Tribal Organization of the Western Aus-
tralian Aborigines,’’ by Mrs. Bates, F.R.A.S., Hon. Protec-
tor of Aborigines (Eucla district). Mrs. Bates had worked
483
among the aborigines and resided in their camps for several
years, and described the different rules regulating marriage
between the various phratries of the tribes, and upon these
differences founded a classification of the tribes into six main
divisions or nations.
ANNUAL MEETING, OcToBER 8, 1914.
THE PRESIDENT (J. C. Verco, M.D., F.R.C.S.) in the
chair.
The Annual Report and Balance-sheet were read and
adopted.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.—President, J. C. Verco, M.D.,
F.R.C.8.; Vice-Presidents, Professor E. H. Rennie, M.A.,
D.Sc., F.C.S., and R. 8S. Rogers, M.A., M.D. ; Hon. Treasurer,
W.B. Poole; Members of Council, E. Ashby and R. H. Pul-
leine, M.B.; Member of Council for remainder of term of Dr.
Rogers, Professor R. W. Chapman, M.A., B.C.E.; Represen-
tative Governor and Editor, Walter Howchin, F.G.S.; Hon.
Auditors, W. L. Ware, J.P., and H. Whitbread.
Evection.—M. E. Saunders, electrical engineer, Mills-
wood, was elected a Fellow.
Prospectus of the INTERNATIONAL ConGREsSS of Mining,
Metallurgy, Engineering, and Economic Geology, to be held
in London in July, 1915, was read and referred to the Council
for action.
Exuisits.—Dr. PULLEINE exhibited a series of spiders
collected by Captain S. A. White during his expedition to the
interior of the State in 1913. Several of them he had identi-
fied, but many had suffered too much during the journey for
determination. They comprised twenty-three specimens, be-
longing to twelve genera. Captain S. A. WHITE exhibited a
bower bird, Chlamydera maculata macdonnelli, from Everard
Ranges; also male and female of Bourke’s parakeet, NV eopse-
photus bourku, from east of Musgrave Ranges, between Flat
Rock Hole and Morralinna Well.
Papers. ‘Notes on Australian Tenebrionide, with De-
scriptions of New Species,” by H. J. Carter, B.A., F.E.S.;
“Catalogue of the Cicadide in the South Australian Museum,
with Descriptions of New Species,’’ by Howarp ASHTON, com-
municated by A. M. Lea, F.E.S.; “Additions to Australian
Orchidaceous Plants,” by R. S.° Rocers, M.A., M.D.;
“Radule of some South Australian Gasteropoda,’’ by CLAUDE
M. Torr, communicated by J.C. Verco, M.D., F.R.C.S. ; “Notes
Q2
484
on Some Miscellaneous Coleoptera in the South Australian
Museum, with Descriptions of New Species,” by A. M. Laa,
F.E.S.; and the following Notes by J. C. Verco, M.D.,
F.R.C.S., were read : —
Altivasum flindersi, Verco, nom mut.
_ Latirus aurantiacus, Verco, Trans. Roy. Soc., S.A., 1895, vol.
xix., p. 89 (79); non L. aurantiacus, Denys de Montfort, Conchy-
biologie Systematique, etc., 1810, vol. ii., p. 531.
Altivasum aurantiacum, Verco, Hedley, Commonwealth of
Australian, Department Trade and Customs, Fisheries, vol. ii.,
part 2, 1913, p. 69.
My South Australian type, dredged in 184 fathoms in
Backstairs Passage, was a unique immature living individual.
Some years later I dredged a larger, older, living example in
20 fathoms off Newland Head, and later still a dead eroded,
bored, and more mature specimen. The last two showed a
relatively very rapid expansion of the umbilicus.
| Mr. Hedley referred a very large shell, dredged by the
“Endeavour” in the west of the Australian Bight, to this
species, and made it the type of his new genus Altivasum.
Mr. Tom Iredale advised Mr. Hedley that the name
Latirus aurantiacus was preoccupied by Montfort as the type
of the genus Latirus. Murex gibbulus, Gmelin, p. 3557, No.
125, Lamarck re-named Fusus filosos, Anim. s. Vert. Edition
2, 1843, vol. ix., p. 454, and Montfort further re-named it
Latirus aurantiacus.
So I have changed the specific name to flindersi, as its
range is along the line of Flinders’ south-coast voyage of dis-
covery., ,
Scaphella nodiplicata, Cox.
Voluta nodiplicata, n. sp., Dr. J. C. Cox, Proc. Mal. Soc.,
Lond., 1910, vol. ix., p. 146, pl. iii.
Scaphella dannevigi, Verco, Trans. Roy. Soc., S.A., 1912, vol.
KKXV1., p: 225, pl: sxail., figs. 1 and 2.
Mrs. Irvine, of Tasmania, who has the type specimen of
Dr. Cox’s species, drew my attention in January last to his
description and plate. His is plainly identical with mine,
though a‘less well-preserved example; so my name is with-
drawn in favour of his. His type locality is Rottnest Island,
near Fremantle, Western Australia, so that this is another
species which is found on the western part of our southern
shore, as well as on the western coast of Australia, and has
very likely come round the Leeuwin.
485
ANNUAL REPORT, 1913-14.
Owing to the departure from the State of His Excellency
Sir Day Hort Bosanquet, G.C.V.O., K.C.B., the position of
Patron became vacant, and was accepted by His Excellency
Sir Henry Lionel Galway, K.C.M.G., D.S.O.
The papers read before the Society this year include
several on entomological subjects by Messrs. H. J. Carter,
A. P. Dodd, A. M. Lea, Howard Ashton, and A. J. Turner,
while Dr. Rogers has continued his contributions dealing with
orchidaceous plants, and the proceedings have been varied by
the delivery of a paper by Mrs. Bates on the “Tribal Customs
of the Western Australian Aborigines.’”’ A series of fossils,
supposed to be of Cambrian age, discovered by Dr. Chewings
in the MacDonnell Ranges, have been described by Mr. How-
chin as new species belonging to the genus Cryptozéon, a form
that has hitherto been known only in North American geology,
and therefore an interesting addition to the Cambrian fauna
of this country. The Transactions will also include several
papers on the scientific results of the expedition undertaken by
Captain White and Mrs. White to the interior of the State,
which have been worked out by Captain White and other
specialists in their various departments.
Advantage was taken of the presence in Adelaide of Mr.
W. G. Randall, Senior Inspector of Oyster Fisheries, to
arrange for a public lecture by him upon “Oysters, and their
Culture in South Australia.”
The offer of the Society to assist in the work of scientific
research throughout Australia by means of small grants
towards the expenses incurred by the workers has not met with
the response which was hoped for, no definite application for
such assistance having been received.
The promised Bill for the Preservation of Native Fauna
and Flora on the Western Portion of Kangaroo Island has not
yet been laid before Parliament. It is to be hoped that the
financial position brought about by the continuance of dry
seasons and the lamented war will not cause the postponement
of action in this direction until it is too late for it to be of
much effect, and your Council is not allowing the matter to be
quietly dropped. ;
. The catalogue of the Library is now completed, and a con-
siderable number of the volumes have been bound. The com-
munications opened up with societies which had not been on
486
our exchange list, and with others on our list, but whose publi-
cations on our shelves were incomplete, have had very satisfac-
tory results, and have already added over 200 volumes to our
Library. Many valuable exchanges of publications have been
arranged, and many gaps in the series which we already pos-
sessed have been filled. Arrangements have been made for the
librarian to be in attendance every Monday and Thursday
afternoon, as well as for half-an-hour prior to the monthly
meetings, for the issue and return of books.
In March we were able to congratulate our Fellow,
Douglas Mawson, D.Sc., B.E., and his companions upon their
return from their lengthened stay in Antarctica. The value
of the work done, as well as the resolution and endurance
shown by the leader under the most trying circumstances, have
been recognized by the bestowal upon him of the honour of
knighthood ; but much remains to be worked out before the
valuable scientific results of Sir Douglas Mawson’s expedition
will be fully available.
Another Fellow of the Society, Mr. R. L. Jack, B.E.,
Assistant Government Geologist, has led a Government expe-
dition into the Musgrave Ranges and the north-western por-
tions of our State, being accompanied for a portion of the
time, in an unofficial position, by Captain S. A. White as a
representative of this Society. It is expected that the economic
and scientific results of this expedition will be considerable.
The Council has also to congratulate our Editor and
Representative Governor, Mr. Walter Howchin, F.G.8., on
the honour done to him by the Geological Society of London
by the award of a grant out of the Lyell Fund, in recognition
of the value of his geological work done in South Australia.
The year has been marked by the first visit of the British
Association for the Advancement of Science to Australia.
During its Adelaide session the Fellows of this Society had
an opportunity to explain to its members many local points
of scientific interest.
The Society has during the year lost four Fellows by
death. Mr. John Darling had been connected with the
Society for seven years, but his many interests in commerce
‘and politics prevented him from taking an active part in its
work. Mr. H. H. Dutton, who had been a Fellow of the
Society for three years, also passed away recently. Mr. John
Saunderson Lloyd was the oldest member on the roll, having
joined the Society, then known as the Adelaide Philosophical
Society, in 1856, and having served it from October, 1865, to
September, 1870, as Honorary Secretary, and on several occa-
sions since as Honorary Auditor. For some years he had
487
been unable to continue his attendance at the evening meet-
ings, but his interest in the Society continued unabated until
his death, at the advanced age of eighty-three years. Mr.
Paul Foelsche, of Palmerston, Northern Territory, had been
a Corresponding Member from 1880.
The membership now comprises 10 Honorary Fellows, 6
Corresponding Members, 78 Fellows, and 1 Associate.
Jos. C. Verco, President.
WaLteR Rutt, Hon. Secretary.
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ROYAL SOCIETY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA (INCORPORATED).
REVENUE AND WxpEenDITURE FoR 1913-14.
6h Gl 4S 1S Gh oe £ as. di £os.d
fo Balance October 1, 1918 ee 379 17 9 | By Publications—
,, Subseriptions— Transactions—Printing -. 13615) @
Royal Society .. cos fe UIE) 6} Illustrating ... 4 4 O
Field Naturalists’ Section ... 17 2 6 Memous outing, Fe :.. 63/12 6
Malacological Section ... 5 PS (3 Tilustrating . 74:15 O
Microscopical Section (unused Wrapping, and Distribution in
grant returned) a soo lB) LY) England : ave Ber seed eet
= Ho Wo Se ED
,, Grants from Government— , : 2
On Subscriptions 70 9 5 » Grant to Field Naturalists’ Section = 200 0
For Printing Reports on Scien- » Library—
tifie Inv vestigations in South Librarian, Cataloguing, Re-
Australia ote wee .. 150 0 0 ceiving, and Issuing SLB 2e4 8
cay aoe SY) YD & Binding... 103 9 6
, From other Societies for use of room ae (oy 0) Purchase and Carriage ‘of Books fa fi etd)
5, Sale of Publications ... See ae swan — 0). 8} 241 11 6
5, Interest— ‘ : eS
On S.A. Government Stock ... 83 8 9 », Sundries—
Savings Bank ... 3 ase) (3) 8) Cleaning and Lichting ons NS} te} 2}
89 15 O — Furnishing, ete. seo) Alte} (0)
Printing, Postage, and Stationery ihe} (6)
Advertising we Golae 9
Insurance coe 2) MO) 831
Expenses in connection with
Public Lecture aro cos OH 3)
Bank Fee and Exchange on
Cheques 605 200 om (0) aT {6}
fan k dh ¢5}
= 2 \ es |
», Balance September 30, 1914— ao
Savings Bank . co Mls) ae 8)
Bank of Australasia... = Lot sal
271 10 7
Less due to Treasurer oe 10 Oe Ul
2216 4G
£817 5 8 E87 508.
Audited and found correct—
W. L. Warsz,
Howanp WuirsreaD,
Adelaide, October 5, 1914.
Water Rurt, Acting Hon. Treasurer.
} Hon. Auditors. September 30, 1914.
ENDOWMENT FUND.
£ os. d. a = , eto)
To Amount of Fund October 1, 1913 ... ... 2,480 4 2) By £2,450 S.A. 33 per cent. Inscribed ptr A eae 10 0
,, Interest on £450, S.A. 3% per 5 Balance in Savings Bank eee : 58 15 4
cent. Inscribed Stock sae tte ek 8)
Less credited in last year’s
statement coe a> et 2h
os 514 3
» Savings Bank Interest oA er =. 2 611
£2,488 5 4 £2,488 5 4
Audited and found correct— Water Rutt, Acting Hon. Treasurer.
W. L. Ware, - September 30, 1914.
idan voy WATS. Ty } Fon. Auditors.
Adelaide, October 5, 1914.
490
DONATIONS 17O THE VLIbawka
FOR THE YEAR 1913-14.
TRANSACTIONS, JOURNALS, REPORTS, ETC.,
presented by the respective editors, societies, and
governments.
AUSTRALIA.
AusTRALiIA. Bureau of Census and Statistics. Finance
bulletin, no. 6. Melb. 1913.
Monthly summary, bulletin, no. 16. Melb.
USS).
Official year book, no. 7. Melb. 1914.
Social statistics, bulletin, no. 5. Melb. 1913.
Transport and communication, bulletin, no. 6.
Melb. 1913.
Bureau of Metecrology. Monthly report, vol. 2,
Moe Zola ol, 2 ios IO Wlellig, WON,
Department of Trade and Customs. Fisheries. Zoo-
logical results of the fishing experiments carried out by
F.1I.8. “‘Endeavour,’’ vol. 1, pt. 4; vol. 2, pt. 1-4.
Melb. 1914.
Report on health conditions at Panama, by Prof.
Allen. Melb. 1913.
AUSTRALASIAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF
SciENCE. Report, vol. 4, 8, 12-13. 1892-1913.
AUSTRALASIAN INSTITUTE OF MininGc ENGINEERS. ‘Trans-
actions, vol. 4, 14-16. Melb. 1897-1912.
———
NEW SOUTH WALES.
AGRICULTURAL GAzETTE OF NEw Sours WALES, vol. 24, pt.
10-125 voli 25, pt eIe Swelen Lote
AUSTRALIAN Museum. Memoir 4, pt. 18. Syd. 1914.
Miscellaneous series, no. 1-2, 4-5. Syd.
Records, vol. 3) mo. "8; vol. 10) mon; “7-8: Syer
1900-14.
Report of the trustees, 1881-85, 1887-89. Syd.
Special catalogue, vol. 4, pt. 4. Syd. 1914.
LInNEAN Society oF New SovutH Watezs. Abstract of pro-
ceedings, no. 310-312, 315-322. Syd. 1913-14. |
Proceedings, vol. 38, pt. 2-4; vol. 39, pt. 1-2. Syd.
1913-14.
Maipen, J. H. Critical revision of the genus eucalyptus,
pls Lei Oa eSy ol.) LOO Soe
491
Maipen, J. H. Flowering plants and ferns of New South
Wales, pt. 2-7. Syd. 1895-98.
Forest flora of New South Wales, vol. 6, pt. 1-4.
Syd. 1913-14.
NATURALISTS’ Society oF NEw SoutH Wates. Journal:
The Australian Naturalist, vol. 1, no. 6-10; vol. 2,
no. 13, 15; vol. 3, no. 1-3. Syd. 1907-14.
New Sovutn Wates. Botanic Gardens and Government
Domains. Report, 1912. Syd. 1913.
Department of Mines. Annual report, 1913. Syd.
1914.
Roya Society or New Sovurn Wates. Journal and pro-
ceedings, vol. 21, pt. 1; vol. 45, pt. 4; vol. 47, pt. 1-3.
Syd. 1887-1913.
Roya ZooLtocicaL Society oF New Souts Wates. Aus-
tralian zoologist, vol. i1., part 1. Syd. 1914.
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Memorres,*n's.; liver, %2, 74,°76; 79; 84289, 938 ) St.
Pet; 1912-14.
KAISERLICHE INGENIEUR-HoCHSCHULE zu Moskau. Annalen,
Ther? 1, e863 10-19 Phe, 2, H. 5-6:
RussiscH - KAISERLICHE MINERALOGISCHE GESELLSCHAFT.
Verhandlungen, ser. 2, Bd. 49. St. Pét. 1912.
Soci£&TE DES NATURALISTES DE.KiEFF. Mémoires, tom. 23,
tiv. 130 Kieth. iors.
502
SociETE IMPERIALE DES NATURALISTES DE Moscov. Bulletin,
19127 19135) 123; » Mosconemlol3- 142
SWEDEN.
ENTOMOLOGISKA FORENINGEN I STOCKHOLM. Entomologisk
Tidskrift, arg. 34. Upsala. 1913.
GEOLOGISKA FORENINGEN 1 StockHoLm. Forhandlingar, Bd.
35. Stockholm. 1914.
SWITZERLAND.
GEOGRAPHISCHE-ETHNOGRAPHISCHE GESELLSCHAFT IN ZURICH.
Jahren NO2=1 5.55 Zrucich: aeholias
SociETE NEUCHATELOISE DES SCIENCES NATURELLES. Bul-
letin, tom. 40. Neuchatel. 1914.
Soci—TE DE PHYSIQUE ET D’ HistTorrE NATURELLE. Comte
rendu des séances, vol. 12, 27, 29-30. Genéve.
1885-1913.
SocIETE VAUDOISE DES SCIENCES NaTURELLES. Bulletin, no.
IWleV62Z-. ausanne’. (1913-14;
UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA.
ALBANY Museum. Records, vol. 3, pt. 1. Grahamstown.
1914.
Royat Society oF SoutH Arrica. Transactions, vol. 3, pt. 3;
vol. 4, pt. 1-2. Cape Town. 1913-14.
Transactions of the South African Philosophical
Society, vol:.10, pt. 1. Cape Town. | 1697.
SoutH AFRICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF
Science. Journal of Science, vol. 10, no. 1-12. Cape
Town, 1913-14.
SoutH AFrican Museum. Annals, vol. 4, pt. 7; vol. 5,
pt. 4; vol. 7, pt,.5; vol. 9,. pt. 8; vol. 10; pt. \7 ame
vol. 13, pt. 2-3. Cape Town., “1906-13:
Report, 1913. Cape Town. 1914.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. Proceed-
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AmeERICcAN ACADEMY oF ARTS AND Sciences. Proceedings,
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503
AMERICAN CHEMICAL JOURNAL, vol. 50. Balt. 1913.
AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAL Society. Bulletin, vol. 46, no. 1-8.
NOY FOES,
AMERICAN Museum oF Naturat History. American Museum
jOmenal vols hs, «nos 6-6, ole l4) (no, taoke Nee
1913-14. ;
Annual report, vol. 39. N.Y. 1907.
Anthropological papers, vol. 11, pt. 3-4; vol. 12, pt. 1;
volo peek. CON YS LOT 3.
—-— Bulletin, vol. 32. N.Y. 1913.
—— - Guide leaflets, no. 36-37. N.Y. 1913.
— Handbook series, no. 2. N.Y. 1913.
—— Memoirs, new ser., vol. 1, pt. 4. N.Y. 1913.
Mionosraph*series, -vol/’1-3; “N'Y. 1913.
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Brookityn INSTITUTE OF ARTS AND ScreNcES. Museum
seienice bullet, vol. 2; no. 1-2. Brooklyn. 1913.
CaLIFoRNIA ACADEMY OF ScIENCES. Proceedings, vol. 2, pp.
1-202; vol. 3, pp. 265-454; vol. 4, pp. 1-13. San
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CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY oF. Department of Geology. Bul-
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vol. 10;,no0. 5-6; vol. bl, no!'1-2. Berkeley. 1912-14:
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no. 4-5. Berkeley &. V9l3:
Publications in zoology, vol. 9, no. 6-8; vol. 10, no.
2 oor) Le ivole iki noma 4.3.1 PO-bo wets vol. LD.
no, 4-/; vol! 13, nowt-5.. Berkeley:,, 1912-14.
Connecticut ACADEMY oF ARTS AND SciENcES. Transactions,
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Haven. 1911-14.
504
Fietp Museum oF Naturat History. Anthropological ser.,
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Botanical ser., vol: 29mo.°8) 7Chich /41912:
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—-—— Zoological ser., vol. 7, no. 13; vol. 10, ne. 7-8. Chie.
1912-13.
HarvaRD CouLece. Museum of Comparative Zoology.
Annual report, 1912-13. Camb. 1913. -
Bulletin, vol. 53, no. 10; vol. 54, no. 19-21;
vol..56,; mo. 2; vol.57, mot 2; vol: b8s no. 1-734 Camas
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Inuinois. State Laboratory of Natural History. Bulletin,
vol. 1,:mo:..62evob..2, art: 173-45 svols..3. vane 1 Oar om
vol..9, art. [l-12; vel. 10, art: 1-45) Wirbana)) sisess
1914.
Intinois University. Agricultural Experiment Station.
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PHILIPPINE IsLanpDs. Department of the Interior. Mineral
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SmitHsonian Instirution. Annual report, 1912. Wash.
1 ae
— Miscellaneous collections, vol. 19,22. Wash. 1880-82.
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Unitep States. Department of Agriculture. Journal of
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Wearnbook, 1913... Wash, 1914.
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a
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Geologic folios, no. 183-190, and 79 topo-
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Mineral resources of the United States, 1911,
pts. 1-2. Wash. 1912.
ee
506
Unitep States. Geological Survey. Monograph, no. 51,
pts. 1-25) Wash. 192:
Professional paper, 76-80, 85 A. B. and C.
Wiashy loa
Water supply paper, 259, 279-283, 285,
289-305, 307-308, 310-311, 313-320,, 333-3345meere
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Bulletin, no. 1-15, 18, 22-23, 26, 39 pt. A, G-K, ‘M,
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Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium,
vol. 3-4; vol. 5, pt. 2-5; vol. 7; vol. 8, pt. 1-4; vol. 16,
pt. 2-3,.6,,10-13; vol. 17, pt: 2-5; vol. le.) puss
Wash. 1892-1914.
Proceedings, vol. 8-9, 42-45. Wash. 1885-1913.
WaGneER FREE INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE OF PHILADELPHIA.
Annual announcement, 1913-14. Phil. 1913.
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WasHINGTON University, St. Lovis. Studies, vol. 1, pt. 1,
no. 1-2, pt. 2, no. 1-2. St. Louis. 1913-14.
WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB. Wilson bulletin, vol. 10,
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1898-1914.
oe
URUGUAY.
Museo NacionaLt DE Montevipro. Anales, vol. 7. Monte-
video. 1910.
507
LIST OF FELLOWS, MEMBERS,
Erc.,
OCTOBER, 1914.
Those marked with an asterisk have contributed papers pub-
lished in the Society’s Transactions.
Any change in address should be notified to the Secretary.
Nore.—The publications of the Society will not be sent to
those whose subscriptions are in arrears.
Date of
Election.
1910.
1893.
1897.
1890.
1905.
1905.
1892.
1898.
1894.
1912.
Honorary FELLOWS.
*Beaaces, W. ) Eo MAR PeR.S., | Professor of Physics,
University of Leeds, England (Fellow 1886).
*CossmMan, M., Rue de Maubeuge, 95, Paris.
*Davip, T. W. EncewortH, C.M.G., B.A., D.Sc., F.R.S.,
F.G.S., Professor of Geology, University of Sydney.
*ETHERIDGE, Rospert, Director of the Australian Museum
of New South Wales, Sydney.
Gitt, Tuomas, I.S.0., Under-Treasurer, Adelaide.
*Heptey, Cuas. H., Naturalist, Australian Museum,
Sydney.
*Marpen, J. H., F.L.S., F.C.S., Director Botanic Gardens,
Sydney, New South Wales.
*Meyrick, EK. T., B.A., F.R.S., F.Z.S., Tohrnhanger, Marl-
borough, Wilts, England.
*Witson, J. T., M.D., Professor of Anatomy, University
of Sydney, New South Wales.
*Terrer, J. G. O., F.L.S., Elizabeth Street, Norwood
(Corresponding Member 1878, Fellow 1886).
CoRRESPONDING MEMBERS.
Barty, F. M., F.L.8., C.M.G., Colonial Botanist, Bris-
bane, Queensland.
“Carter, H. J., B.A., Darling Point, Sydney.
*JoHuncock, C. F., Clare.
*STRETTON, W. G., Palmerston, Northern Territory.
THomson, G. M., F.L.S., Dunedin, New Zealand.
*WooLtnoucH, WattER GrEorGE, D.Sc., F.G.S., Professor in
Geology, University of Perth (Fellow 1902).
FELLOWS. |
*AsuBy, Epwin, Blackwood.
*Baxer, W. H., F.L.S., Glen Osmond Road, Parkside.
*Benson, W. Nogt, B.Sc., University, Sydney.
*Biack, J. McConnett, 1, Brougham Place, North Adelaide.
*BraDLey, Epear J., C.E., Hydraulic Engineer’s Depart-
ment, Adelaide.
Broventon, A. C., Young Street, Parkside.
Brown, Epear J., M.B., D.Ph., 3, North Terrace.
Brown, H. Y. L., F.G.S., Sea Wall, New Glenelg.
1893.
1906.
1907
1904.
1910.
1879.
1895.
1907.
1OM2.
1914.
1914.
1912.
1887.
1913.
1902.
1914.
Ose
1904.
1880.
1910.
1904.
1896.
1913.
1891.
1883.
TS
1912.
1893.
1910.
Soe
1884.
1888.
1914.
1905.
1874.
LWT.
1897.
WOK,
508
Brummitr, Ropert, M.R.C.S., Medindie
BunpeEy, Miss Exiuen Mine, 148, Molesworth Street,
North Adelaide. .
*Cuapman, R. W., M.A., B.C.E., Professor of Mathematics.
and Mechanics, University of Adelaide.
CHristizE, W., 49, Rundle Street, Adelaide.
*“Ciark, HE. V., B.Sc., Lecturer in Electrical Engineering,
University of Adelaide.
*“CueLanp, W. L., M.B., Ch.M., J.P., Colonial Surgeon,
Resident Medical Officer, Parkside Lunatic Asylum.
CLELAND, JouHNn B., M.D., Government Bureau of Micro-
biology, Sydney, New South Wales.
*Cooxr. T. W., D.Sc., Lecturer, University of Adelaide.
Corsin, H.., B.Sc., Forest Department, Adelaide.
CornisH, H. M., Coast View, Adelaide Road, Glenelg.
DaRRocu, 1D), Gi Australian United Paint Co., Port
Adelaide. °
Drsmonp, J., Currie Street, Adelaide.
*Drxon, SAMUEL, Bath Street, New Glenelg.
DurwarpD, James, c/o A. M. Bickford & Sons, Currie
Street, Adelaide.
Epquist, A. G., Tate Terrace, Croydon.
Frrevuson, E. W., M.B., Ch.M., Gordon Road, Roseville,
Sydney.
Gittespiz, H. R., Adyar, Madras Presidency, India.
GoRDON, Davin, c/o 'D. & W. Murray, Gawler Place,
Adelaide.
*GoyprER, Groren, A.M., F.C.S., Gawler Place, adelaide.
“Grant, Kerr, M.Sc., Professor of Physics, University of
Adelaide.
GrirritH, H., Henley Beach.
Hawker, E. W., F.C.S., East Bungaree, Clare.
Henpry, James,c/o A. M. Bickford & Sons, Currie Street,
Adelaide.
*Hourze, Maurice, F.L.S., F.R.G.S., F.R.H.S., Director
Botanic Gardens, Adelaide.
“Howcuin, Water, F.G.S., Lecturer in Geology and.
Paleontology, Univer sity of Adelaide.
Hvueues, Hersert W., Booyoolie, Gladstone.
Jack, R. L., B.E., Assistant Government Geologist,
Adelaide.
James, THomas, M.R.C.S., Moonta.
*JouHnson, E. A., M.D., M-R.C.S:,” 295; Pirte (Simeene
Adelaide.
*Lea, A. M., F.E.S., South Australian Museum, Adelaide.
Lrnpon, A. A M.D. (Lond.), M.R.C.S., Lecturer in
Obstetrics, ’ “University of Adelaide, and. Hone
Physician, Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide.
*LowerR, Oswatp B., F.E.S. (Lond.), Broken Hill, New
South Wales.
Matuews, G. M., F.R.S.E., F.L.S., F.2Z.S., Langley
Mount, Watford, Herts. England
*Mawson, Str Doveras, D.Sc., B.E., Lecturer ir
Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Adelaide.
Mayo, Gro. G., C.E., England.
Metrose, Rosert THomson, Mount Pleasant.
*Morean, A. M., M.B., Ch.B.., Angas Street, Adelaide.
MuEcKE, Hveo, 'C.E., Grenfell Street, Adelaide.
1913.
1886.
1911.
1908.
1907.
1885.
1913.
PLL.
1905.
1869.
1914.
1891.
1893.
1871.
1906.
1910.
1881.
1907.
1897.
1894.
1878.
1883.
1914.
1912.
1878.
1859.
1907.
1904.
1912.
1912.
1904.
509
Oszorn, T. G. B., M.Sc., Professor of Botany, University of
Adelaide.
Pootrt, W. B., Savings Bank, Adelaide.
roc ross B. A., LL.B., Register Chambers, Grenfell
street.
Porr, Wiii1amM, Eagle Chambers, King William Street.
Puuuemne, R. H., M.B., North Terrace, Adelaide.
*RENNIE, Epwarp H., M.A., D.Sc. (Lond.), F.C.S., Pro-
fessor of Chemistry, University of Adelaide.
Rippue, A. R., Yorketown, Yorke Peninsula.
Roacu, B. Sc: Education Department, Flinders Street,
Adelaide.
*Rocers, R. S., M.A., M.D., Flinders Street, Adelaide.
*Rurt, Water, C.E., College Park, Adelaide.
SaunpERS, M. E., Wood Street, Millswood.
Se:way, W. H., Treasury, Adelaide.
Simson, Augustus, Launceston, Tasmania.
SmirH, Rosert Barr, Adelaide.
Snow, Francis H., National Mutual Buildings, King
William Street.
*Stantey EK. R., Government Geologist, Port Moresby,
Papua.
*STIRLING, Hpwarp C., C.M.G.,-M.A., M.D.,. F.R.S.,
F.R.C.S., Professor of Physiology, University of Ade-
laide, Hon. Curator of Ethnology, South Australian
Museum.
Sweerapete, H. A., M.D., Park Terrace, Parkside.
*Torr, W. G., 1UeIDS M.A., Beate . Brighton, South Aus-
tralia.
*TurNnerR, A. Jerrerts, M.D., F.E.S., Wickham Terrace,
Brisbane, Queensland.
*VERCO, JoserH C., M.D. (Lond.), F.R.C.S., Lecturer on
the Principles and Practice of Medicine, University
of Adelaide, and Consulting Physician Adelaide Hos-
pital and Children’ s Hospital.
Wainweient, E. H., B.Sc. (Lond.), McLaren Vale.
Warre, EK. R., F.L. Ss. , Director, South Australian Museum.
Warp, LEONARD Keira, B.A., B.E. , Government Geologist,
Adelaide.
Wars, W. L., King William Street.
Way, "Ricur Hon. Str SAMUEL James, Bart., P.C., D.C.L.,
Chief Justice and Lieutenant-Governor of South Aus-
tralia, Adelaide.
WEBB, Norn A. Barrister, Waymouth Street, Adelaide.
WHITBREAD, Howarp, c/o A. M. Bickford & Sons, Currie
Street, Adelaide.
*Wuitt, Caprain S. A., ‘‘Weetunga,’’ Fulham, South
Australia.
*ZieTz, F. R., South Australian Museum.
ASSOCIATE.
Rosinson, Mrs. H.R , ‘‘Las Conchas,’”’ Largs Bay, South
Australia.
APPENDICES:
FIELD NATURALISTS’ SECTION
OF TEE
Boval Society of South Australia (Incorporated).
THIRTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT OF THE
COMMITTEE.
For THE YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 15, 1914.
Your Committee has much pleasure in reporting that
another successful year has been experienced by this Section
of the Royal Society. The evening meetings and excursions
have been well attended, and active interest continues to be
shown by members in all branches of our work.
During the year a splendid series of lectures was delivered
at our evening meetings, and the Committee wishes to record
its appreciation to those gentlemen who lectured before the
Society, as well as to the Leaders of the excursions, all of
which have contributed very materially to the successful
working of the Section.
The issuing of the first annual programme last year was
partly experimental, and its success has encouraged your
Committee to issue it again this year, and thus establish it as
a permanent factor in our affairs.
It is very gratifying to note that the Native Fauna and
Flora Protection Committee of this Section and their energetic
Chairman (Mr. Edwin Ashby) are continuing to strongly
agitate for the further protection of our native fauna on
Kangaroo Island. We hope that the Committee will meet
with every success.
The official work accomplished during the year has been
considerable, and the officers of the Section have in every |
way endeavoured to further the interests of the members.
The Chairman of the Section (Mr. E. H. Lock, F.R.H.S.)
retires by effluxion of time, and again the Committee desires
to record its appreciation of the valuable work he has accom-
plished for the Society. Other official changes are those of
511
Mr. A. M. Lea, F.E.S. (the retiring Vice-Chairman), the
resignation of Mr. Stanley Stokes (who was for some years
the Hon. Treasurer and latterly a member of the Committee)
and that of Mr. W. A. S. Cathcart (Hon. Librarian), through
his continued absence from the State. The Committee desires
to express its appreciation of the valuable services which these
gentlemen have rendered to the Section.
It is pleasing to note that the membership continues to
increase, eighteen new members having joined the Society
during the year.
The last Annual Meeting—the thirtieth—was held on
Tuesday, September 16, 1913, when the following officers
were elected for the ensuing year:—Chairman, Mr. HE. H.
Lock; Vice-Chairmen, Messrs. A. M. Lea and Mr. W. J.
Kimber; Honorary Treasurer, Mr. B. B. Beck; Honorary
Iibrorian, Mr. W. A. 8. Cathcart; Honorary Secretary, Mr.
Percival Runge ; Honorary Assistant Secretary, Miss E. Hock-
ing ; Committee—Dr. R. 8. Rogers, Prof. T. G. B. Osborn,
M.Sc., Messrs. W. H. Selway, 8. Stokes, R. Llewellyn, and
J. W. Mellor, and Mesdames R. 8. Rogers and J. F. Mellor;
Honorary Auditors, Messrs. W. D. Reed and A. W. Drum-
mond.
A considerable number of exhibits was shown at this
meeting, including an interesting collection of sea birds’ eggs
obtained in Queensland, Bass Straits, and St. Vincent Gulf
by Mr. J. W. Mellor, who explained their origin and men-
tioned many facts about the peculiar habits of our ocean birds.
A piece of raw-hide cable and a copper fastening, obtained
from the old historic ship, ‘“Nelson,’”’ that a few years ago
was converted into a coal hulk in Sydney Harbour, and a fossil
pearl shell, obtained in Western Australia, were shown by Mrs.
J. F. Mellor, and several mineral specimens, as well as fossil
coral, found in the far North, were shown by Miss Roberts.
On October 21, 1913, Dr. J. C. Verco delivered an
instructive address on “‘A Trip to St. Francis Island.” The
island was small; it having a length of three miles by a width
varying from three-quarters to two miles. It has a base of
granite, surmounted by imposing limestone and sandstone
cliffs. The surface soil is very fertile, and capable of growing
the finest vegetables and cereals, while the mean temperature
was considerably below that of Adelaide. Dr. Verco also spoke
of the natural history investigations he conducted on the
island, and exhibited a large number of shells, insects, and
reptiles he had collected.
On October 18, 1913, an illustrated address was delivered
on “Radium and Radio-activity’’ by Mr. Percival Runge, who
512
referred to the bearing the discovery of radium had upon the
previous scientific conception of the atom. The lecturer
also alluded to the three different forms of matter and the
subsequent discovery of the fourth, termed ‘‘Radient matter.”
A large number of important facts about radium, its emana-
tions and their singular properties, its powers of transmuta-
tion, and its enormous latent forces, as well as many interesting
data about radio-activity, were mentioned.
On April 21, 1914, the winter series of monthly lectures
was resumed, and Mr. A. R. Riddle delivered an interesting
address on the “Underground Water-supplies of Australia,”
and by means of a series of lantern slides illustrated the
importance and the magnitude of the large artesian basins to
Australia. Australia possessed at least five of these basins,
including the largest known in the world, the “Great Austra-
lian Basin,” which operates in four States, and which had a
depth of 5,000 ft. or 6,000 ft., and an area of 569,000 square
miles. Facts about the Great Australian Basin, as well as the
other five (the Murray Basin (area 106,000 square miles), the
Eucla Basin (76,000 square miles), the Desert Basin, the Perth
Coastal Basin, the North-west Basin, and the Gulf Basin)
were mentioned. The water in many of the bores in these
basins which originally overflowed is now permanently seven
feet or more below the surface.of the bores, and they are now
sub-artesian.
On May 19, 1914, an “Exhibit Evening’’ was held, and a
large number of exhibits were tabled by members, including
two cases of New Guinea and Queensland insects by Mr. A. M.
Lea, an uncommon collection of New Zealand flora by Miss
Erica Hosking, and a number of valuable mineral specimens
by Mr. Percival Runge. Dr. Rogers stated that “Mrs. Rogers
had found at Mount Compass, a few days before, a rare orchid
(Prasophyllum intricatum) which had not been previously
located in this State. It was first discovered in Tasmania,
and subsequently a few were found in Victoria, but in both
States it was regarded as extremely rare. It is of the same
type as Fusco viride and P. nigricans, both of which occur in
South Australia, but it differs from these in colouration and
also in the fact that the labellum is fringed or bearded.” Mr.
R. Llewellyn exhibited a specimen of tungstate of iron,
obtained at Wallaroo, and a beautiful crystalline specimen
from Mount Vesuvius.
On July 25, 1914, Dr. H. Basedow, B.Sc., delivered an
instructive address on the “Australian Aborigine,’ illustrated
by an extensive series of slides. Dr. Basedow dealt with the
relationship of the Australian black to that of the European
513
and other races, and referred to the pigmentation of the
human skin, its causes, and its wide variations in the different
world races. The newly-born aboriginal had an almost flesh-
like hue, which did not attain the maximum of pigmentation
until the eighth or tenth year of age. In the Tomkinson
Ranges he had seen full-blooded native children with flaxen
ox golden hair, a phenomenon which had not been satisfac-
torily explained.
On August 21, 1914, the fourth lecture of the Winter
series was delivered by Prof. R. W. Chapman, M.A., in place
of one by Captain White, who was still absent in Central
Australia, on the “Physical Properties of South Australian
Timbeis.”’ Prof. Chapman, whose instructive remarks were
demonstrated by a number of exhibits, said that “nearly 500
timber tests had been made at the Adelaide University, with
the object of enabling the authorities to establish a definite
comparison between the timbers growing in our State. Some
very severe tests, such as ‘breaking tests,’ compression tests
along the grain and against it, and other tests were made in
order to find the true value and strength of the timbers for
engineering purposes, and for which they had proved them-
selves particularly applicable. Some of these tests were extra-
ordinary, on account of the strains taken, and various weights
from 60,000 to over 100,000 lb. had been taken by small blocks
without crushing them. Moisture content was, of course,
most important, and all timbers contained over 20 per cent.
of water and some as much as 50 per cent., but when timber
became seasoned the moisture content receded to 10 per cent.
or 12 per cent. This was the moisture standard for seasoned
timber, and it rarely varied. Prof. Chapman also said that-
our Australian timbers for engineering purposes were the
finest in the world, and many when dressed.and polished were
exceedingly handsome.
EXCURSIONS.
During the past year fourteen field and two marine
excursions were held, affording members a wide range for field
and marine work. The attendances were satisfactory, and
considerable knowledge in natural history subjects was
gathered.
On September 27, 1913, the first excursion of the year
took place at Yatala Vale, under the leadership of Dr. R. S.
Rogers. The Section had not previously visited the locality,
and a deal of interesting flora, including several species of
orchids, was collected, and afterwards Dr. Rogers spoke to
members about the relationships and the peculiarities of the
flowers found.
514
On October 8, 1913, a whole day was devoted to visiting
the new reservoir areas of Millbrook and Chain of Ponds, and
under the leadership of Prof. T. G. B. Osborn, M.Sc., investi-
gations were conducted in the back-country scrub-lands, away
from the beaten tracks, and a large collection of specimens
was made. Dr. and Mrs. Rogers, followed by another section
of the party, made orchids their object of search, and were
rewarded with several fine discoveries. A third section, under
Mr. J. W. Mellor, traversed the Torrens, upstream, bent upon
bird-life studies, and they were able to record that some
thirty species of our native birds were observed.
On October 25, 1913, the Section journeyed to Blackwood,
and under the leadership of Mr. J. W. Mellor traversed the
Sturt Valley, which has the reputation of being a good field
for ornithological work. Many different species of native
birds were observed, several nesting, and when the Sturt River
was reached Mr. Mellor addressed the members, referring par-
ticularly to the habits and the usefulness, as well as the
peculiar beauty, of many of the South Australian birds.
On November 8, 1913, Morialta was visited, and under
the leadership of Mr. A. M. Lea, F.E.S., the party worked
up through the rugged country and over the falls, where a
good field for studying insect-life exists. A large number of
interesting specimens was collected, and afterwards Mr. Lea
described to members many interesting and curious facts
associated with the insect world.
On November 27 the Section, under Mr. G. Quinn
(Government Fruit Expert), visited Summertown, with the
_purpose of seeing something of the modern methods used in
orchard cultivation. The property of Mr. Sampson was
visited, and members were enabled to see the excellent results
accruing from the scientific treatment of the trees and soils.
On December 23 the annual excursion, which members
regard as the social event of the year, took place at Scott
Creek, Mount Lofty. Mr. E. H. Lock (Chairman of the
Section) entertained members at tea, and a most enjoyable
afternoon was spent.
On February 7, 1914, a dredging excursion was con-
ducted in Gulf St. Vincent, off the Outer Harbour, under the
leadership of Mr. W. J. Kimber, and though the sea was rough
and somewhat hampered operations, yet an interesting collec-
tion of sea-life, including many uncommon specimens, was
obtained.
On March 8, 1914, a marine excursion, under the leader-
ship of Mr. E. H. Lock, was confined to the Port River vicinity,
and a deal of dredging and other work was accomplished.
515
Many varieties of sea animals were obtained, including
sponges, starfish, marine worms, sea spiders, sea urchins, shells,
etc.
On May 16, 1914, an expedition was conducted by Mr.
W. H. Selway from Mount Lofty to Aldgate, for the purpose
of studying the autumn tints. Mrs. J. Bagot’s garden, noted
for its collection of Australian and European trees, was visited,
and here the autumn tints were found to be particularly
brilliant, in contrast to the rest of the native trees of the dis-
trict, which had almost shed their autumn leaves. Mr. Snow’s
garden was also visited, and afterwards Mr. Selway addressed
members upon ‘‘Autumn Tints and their Causes’’ and on ‘‘The
Differing Characteristics of Australian and European Trees.”’
On June 8, 1914, the annual geological excursion was held
at Hallett Cove, under the leadership of Mr. A. R. Riddle. A
large number of members attended, and particular attention
was paid to investigating the clay and other formations in the
amphitheatre, the glacial till, the erratics, and the contorted
strata on Black Point. Mr. Riddle also explained to members
the probable glacial history of the neighbourhood and its rela-
tionship to other South Australian glacial deposits.
On June 27, 1914, Black Hill was visited, and Dr. R. S.
Rogers lead the members along the foot-hills, but owing to the
dryness of the season the native flora had suffered severely
and investigations were unprofitable, so the party placed
itself under Mr. A. R. Riddle and proceeded up the Monta-
cute Valley, where the geological conditions of the hill-faces
are most marked. A visit was also made to the Paradise Bore,
where the Government was diamond-drilling for coal.
On July 25, 1914, an excursion was conducted by Mr.
A. R. Riddle from Stonyfell Quarry to Slape Gully, and thence
to Burnside, via Greenhill Road. The contorted and twisted
conditions of the surrounding country, the reasons for the
different belts of flora, soil composition, and many other points
of interest were explained by Mr. Riddle.
On August 22, 1914, twenty-eight members, under Mr.
A. G. Edquist, followed the Pattawalonga Creek to Henley
Beach, with the object of examining pond and marine life.
In a brackish pond dredging was conducted, and a large
quantity of pond-life was gathered and placed in the collecting
receptacles, and afterwards Mr. Edquist gave a running expla-
nation about the various captures made.
On September 12, 1914, thirty members attended the
excursion led by Prof. T. G. Osborn, M.Sc., to ‘‘The
Pinery’’ at the Grange. The native trees, the grasses, the
numerous alien pests, the ground plants, and many other
516
interesting things were dwelt upon by Prof. Osborn. Several
species of orchids were also found.
Captain 8S. A. White; accompanied by Mrs. White, has
accomplished valuable scientific work in Central Australia, and
returned last October with the largest collection of birds,
botanical and insect specimens that have come from Central
Australia.
E. H. Lock, Chairman.
PercivaL Runcz, Honorary Secretary.
September: 15, 1914.
TWENTY-SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE NATIVE
FAUNA AND FLORA PROTECTION COMMITTEE
OF THE FIELD NATURALISTS’ SECTION OF THE
ROYAL SOCIETY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA FOR
THE YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 15, 1914.
Mr. P. Runge was appointed Honorary Secretary in place
of Mr. M. 8. Clark, resigned.
In consequence of some information that was placed in the
hands of the Committee, referring to the destruction of marsu-
pials that was going on in Kangaroo Island, and in other
parts of this State, a deputation, representing this Committee,
the Royal Society, and the Adelaide Museum, waited on the
Commissioner of Crown Lands in May last, urging that steps
be taken to give increased protection to our native fauna. It
was shown that the ‘‘Toolach,” once numerous in the South-
east of this State, is now apparently extinct, and grave fears
were expressed that the Scrub Kangaroo had also passed away.
Upon the Commissioner was urged the importance of introduc-
ing the “‘Flinders Chase Bill’’ into Parliament as soon as
possible, in order that some of our rarer fur-bearing animals
may be removed to the Reserve before they finally disappear
from the mainland. The Commissioner expressed sympathy
with the objects of the deputation, and promised to do what
he could. Later on, your Committee was advised that owing
to the financial stringency existing in this State the “Flinders
Chase Bill” must be indefinitely postponed.
Since then the British Association for the Advancement
of Science has forwarded to the Premier a special resolution,
urging the importance of the proposed reserve on Kangaroo
517
Island. The Chairman has waited both on the Premier and
the Commissioner of Crown Lands, and the matter is to be
reconsidered by Cabinet.
During the year several letters have been written to the
Press, and many interviews have taken place with Government
officials in reference to matters connected with the preserva-
tion of the fauna. The Committee is also pleased to note
that the native flora in the Morialta Reserves is being pro-
tected.
The Committee regrets to record the resignation of Mr. M.
Symonds Clark, who for so many years was Hon. Secretary to
the Committee, and it wishes to express its appreciation of the
very valuable work accomplished by Mr. Symonds Clark in
the interests of South Australian fauna and flora.
The Committee records its appreciation of the valuable
work accomplished by the establishing of the School Bird
Protection Clubs in South Australia. There are 376 of these
clubs, with a membership of over 12,000 who are pledged to
look after the best interests of the birds.
EpwWIn Asusy, Chairman.
PERcIVAL RunceE, Honorary Secretary.
September 15, 1914.
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MALACOLOGICAL, SECTION
OF THE
Roval Society of South Australia (Incorporated )
ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1913-14.
Six meetings were held during the year. There are
fourteen members on the roll. The average attendance has
been 62. The members are:—Dr. Verco, Dr. Pulleine, Mrs.
and Miss Robinson, Miss Stenhouse, Messrs. W. Howchin,
F.G.S., F. R. Zietz, W. D. Reed, W. J. Kimber, F. S. and
E. G. Saunders, J. Bitmead, and Errol Hanley, and Dr.
Torr. One new member, Mr. J. Bitmead, has been elected
this year.
During the year about sixty species of shells have been
identified and classified, consisting of Littorina, Risella, Diala,
Ianthina, Ligaretus, Natica, Polinicis, Eunaticina, Lamel-
laria, Vamkoro, Amaura, Tumeatella, etc.
Dr. J. C. Verco was re-elected President for the year
1914-15 and Dr. Torr Honorary Secretary and Treasurer.
RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURE FOR THE YEAR 1913-14.
Receipts.
2 Tok
To Credit Balance, 1912-13 ... 1
», Subscriptions * e; ae! se ene. ar
», Debit Balance ers wie Le ae er Nasa 1 ay
Bei ded
Expenditure.
fe ss dl.
By Postcards .. it +o els o OL Oo
#3 Subscriptions | to Roy al Society Hid. een DE aAG
£3 115.0
Wituram G. Torr, Honorary Secretary and Treasurer.
5
0
GENE RAL. TiNeD ae
[Generic and specific names printed in italics indicate that the
forms described are new. |
Ablacopus, 139; ater, 170; teeniatus,
169; trapezifer, 167.
Ablepharus boutonii, 444; lineoocel-
latus, 444.
Abricta, 349; rufonigra, 349.
Abstract of Proceedings, 475.
Acanthacee, 468.
Acanthagenys rufogularis cygnus,
437.
Acanthiza pusilla hamiltoni, 431,
438; uropygialis condora, 431.
Accipiter cirrocephalus, 425.
Acidalia tenuwipes, 246.
Acmea crucis, 566; marmorata, 3606;
septiformis, 566; subundulata, 3066.
Acoloides qaureolus, 71; maculosus,
Tal
Acolomorpha minuta, 59.
Acolus, Table of Species, 70;
amplus, 69; angustipennis, 67;
brunneus, 09; flavios, 68; flavipes,
69; magnus, 67; ovt, 67; pulcher,
68; seminitidus, 66; silvensis, 69;
sordidus, 68; speciosissimus, 0;
unifasciatipennis, 68.
Acthosus pygmaeus, 225.
Adelium, 401; Table of Species, 402;
Synonymy, 403; <rregulare, 401;
orphanum, 403.
‘Egotheles, 428.
/Egus jansoni, 251; subbasalis, 251.
Zthalides coxi, 380; stephenz, 379.
Agaristidee, 245.
Aizoaceee, 464.
Alcedinide, 428.
Altivasum flindersi, 484.
Amarantacee, 463.
Amarygmine, Synonymy, 234.
Amarygmus erubescens, 230; maculi-
collis, 231; minimus, 232; obtusus,
208; pusillus) | 2one. ‘megzus. 229)
semissus, 238; tristis, 237.
Amphibia, 446.
Amphibolurus barbatus, 442; macu-
latus, 442- reticulatus, 442.
Amycterides in the South Aus-
tralian Museum, Notes on, 11.
Amycterus draco, 24; leichhardti,
24; schonherri, 24.
Analyses of Water, 472, 473.
Anapheeis teutonia, 455.
Anas superciliosa rogersi, 423.
Anatide, 423.
Annual Report, 1913-14, 485.
Anoplognathus concinnus, 253.
Anteon australis, 131; reticulaticeps,
Tale
Anteonine, 131.
Anthicide, 450.
Anthus australis, 437.
Aparete, 325 ; hystricosa, $29;
longipes, 828; palpebrosa, 328.
Aphanogmus, Table of Species, 97;
assimilis, 96; braconis, 95; brun-
neus, 97; nigripes, 96: unifas-
ciatus, 96.
Aphanomerus aureus, 59; bicolor, 59;
flavus, 60; niger, 59; nigriceps,
60; pusillus, 60; rufescens, 60;
sordidus, 60.
Aphela phalerioides, 318.
Aphelocephala leucopsis, 434, 438,
439; nigricineta, 434, 440.
Aprosita, 457; ulothrix, 457. .
Arachnida, 447.
Araneide, 447.
Archeeozoon, 5.
Arcothymus coenosus, 406.
Arctiadee, 245, 456.
Ardeide, 423.
Argiopide, 448.
Artamide, 4382.
Arunta, 346.
Asclepiadacee, 467.
Ashton, Howard, Catalogue of the
Cicadide in the South Australian
Museum, with Descriptions of
several New Species, 345.
Astacopsis bicarinatus, 446.
Aterpides, 320.
Aurepthianura aurifrons, 430, 439.
Australian Forest League, 477.
Australian Hymenoptera Proctotry-
poidea, 58.
Austrartamus melanops, 4382.
Austrodiceum hirundinacum, 435.
Austrotis australis, 422.
Aves, 419.
Aviculariide, 447.
Beiue, 58; Table of Genera, 58.
Beoneurella, 124; nigra, 124; pul-
chra, 124. ,
521
Beturia rufa, 350.
Beeus leat, 73.
Baker, W. H., Crustacea, 446.
Balance Sheet, 488.
Barnardius zonarius, 427.
Baryconus longipennis, 126; mag-
nificus, 126; pretiosus, 126; sor-
didus, 126; trispinosus, 127.
Bassia inchoata, 463.
Bates, Mrs., Paper on _ Tribal
Organization of Western Aus-
tralian Aborignes, 482.
Bergroth, E.; On an Hemipterous
Insect from an Australian Opos-
sum’s Nest, 53.
Birrima, 356.
Black, J. M., Botany, 460.
Bluops, 227; verrucosus, 228.
Boraginacee, 468.
Bostrychide, 450.
Botanical Congress, 477.
Botany, 460.
Brachyderides, 267.
Bulestes torquatus, 433.
Bulla australis, 366.
Bulloidea, 366.
Buprestide, 450.
Burbunga, 350.
Burhinide, 422.
Burhinus magnirostris, 422.
Byallius /Jaticollis, 385.
Byrsax cox, 371; pinnaticollis, 234.
Cacatoide, 426.
Cacochroa, 140; decorticata, 172;
gymnopleura, 172; pullata, 175;
variabilis, 173; varitcollis, 176.
Cedius tuberculatus, 370
Caladenia Bryceana, 459.
Callirhipis cardwellensis, 255; retzcu-
lata, 255.
Calyptorhynchus banksii stellatus,
426
Campanulacee, 470.
Campbellornis personatus munna, 482.
Camponotiphilus, 257; fimbricollis,
258
Campophagide, 429.
Camptorrhinus inornatus, 343.
Cantharide, 259.
Capparidacee, 464.
Caprimulgide, 428.
Carabide, 449.
Cardiothorax, Table of Species, 395;
Synonymy, 398; clypeatus, 399;
undulatus, 400.
Carter, H. J., Notes on Tenebrio-
nide in the South Australian
Museum, Collected by Mr. A. M.
Lea, 1911-12, with Descriptions of
New Species, 219; Notes on Aus-
tralian Tenebrionide, with De-
scriptions of New Species, 369.
Caryophyllaceex, 464.
Casarca tadornoides, 423.
Casuarinacee, 461.
Catalogue of Library, 485.
Catoptropelicanus conspicillatus, 424.
Cerambycide, 451.
Ceramodactylus dameus, 441.
Ceraphron, Table of, Species, 97;
achilles, 115; adonis, 103: apelles,
111; apollo, 115; ater, 110; atlas.
108; aureus, 109; australicus, 116;
bicolor, 117; bifasciatipennis, 111;
calliope, 102; cresus, 101; daph-
nis, 117; diana, 115; elongatus,
112; flaviceps, 105; flavicoxa, 114;
flavus, 105; gtraulti, 110; helena,
LOA ehereules, « dlbeeh) do. s A100 s
4OUE), ANO'=" ve Seas. a WS: lycaon,
104; magnicornis, 105; 4mega-
cephalus, 106; mellicornis, 106;
meridianus, 108; muscophilus, 109;
narcissus, 105; niger, 107; wnone,
111; omphale, 102; pulcher, 113;
pulcherrimus, 116; queenslandicus.
114; sarpedon, 106; speciosissimus,
101; splendidus, 117; tasmanicus,.
110; varicornis, 114; vulgaris, 104.
Ceraphronide, 85; Table of Genera,
86.
Ceratobeoides hackeri, 66; longi-
ceps, 66.
Ceratobeus, Table of Species, 65:
aureus, 64; elongatus, 64; fasc2a-
tiventris, 65; fasciatus, 62; flavi-
corpus, 61: grandis, 64; giraulti,
62; leat, 61; Jlongicornutus, 62;
maculatus, 64; mirabilis, 64;
parvicornutus, 62; setosus, 65;
varicornis, 63.
Cerchneis cenchroides, 426.
Certhiide, 434.
Cestrinus excisicollis, 370; tubercula-
tus, 369.
Cetonia felina, 213.
Cetonides, Notes on, 132; Catalogue
of Genera and Species, 136.
Chalcopterus, Synonymy, 235; cup-
reus, 236; cyanipennis, 236; incon-
spicuus, 235: leai, 235; minor, 235;
mundus, 255; palmerensis, 236;
palmerstoni, 235; proditor, 235;
puer, 235; variabilis, 236.
Chapman, W. §S., Analyses of Sam-
ples of Water from Bores and
Springs, Great Australian Artesian
Basin, 472.
Charadriide, 422.
Chenonetta jubata, 423.
Chenopodiacere, 462.
Cherameca leucosternum stonei, 428.
Chewings, Charles, Notes on the
mesa of Central Australia,
Chiroptera, 418.
Chlamydera maculata macdonnelli,
437.
Chlamydopsis atra, 250.
Chlorobapta, 137; Table of Species,
1695 bestia. Lot) sronbalicw oor
hirtipes, 157;, tibialis, 157.
Chrysomelide, 344, 451.
Chundana phq@ospila, 247.
Cicadide, Catalogue of, 345.
Circus assimilis, 424.
Cistelide, 450.
Clania sciogramma, 247.
Clerada, Table of Species, 56; nidi-
cola, 54.
Cleride, 450.
Clilopocha, 452; whitew, 453.
‘Climacteris erythrops superciliosa,
Chithria, 137; eucnemis, 159.
‘Clubionide, 448.
Coccinellide, 451.
Coleoptera, Notes on, 249; 449.
Colluricinela rufiventris, 432.
Columbide, 420.
Colydiidee, 449.
Composit, 470.
Conifer, 460.
Conopoderas australis, 431.
Conostigmoides, 94.
‘Conostigmus, Table of Species, 93;
gtraulti, 93; leat, 92; muscosus,
92; negricornis, 93; rufinotum, 91;
tasmanicus, 92.
Convolvulacee, 468.
Couns novee-hollandize melanops,
0, :
Corvide, 438.
Corvus bennetti, 438; coronoides per-
plexus, 438.
Cosmerops ornatus, 428.
Cossonides, 343
Cracticus nigrogularis, 433.
‘Cribellatz, 447.
Crucifere, 464.
Crustacea, 446.
Cryptorhynchides, : 343.
‘Cryptozoon, Occurrence in Aus-
tralia, 1; australicum, 6, 10;
boreale, 4; occidentale, 4; proli-
ferum, 5, 10>" tessellatum: f, “10:
Cucurbitaceze, 470.
‘Curculionide, 267, 450.
Cyanaleyon pyrrhopygius, 428, 439.
Cyclochida, 346. ;
Cyllorhamphus, 320; Table of
Species, 321; angustus, 521;
mimicus, 522.
Cyperacee, 461.
Cyprea angustata, 362.
Cystopsaltria, 351.
‘Cystosoma, 357.
522
Dedrosis, Table of Species, 388;
angulata, 389; apiformis, 389.
Deceased Fellows, 477, 486.
Delma fraseri, 442.
Demansia modesta, 445.
Dendrocerus femoralis, 89; sor-
didus, 88.
Dermestide, 449.
Diaphonia, 140; caroli, 186; dey-
rollei, 178; dorsalis, 180; euclensis,
180; gulosa, 182; lateralis, 179;
luteola, 184; melanopyga, 186;
mniszechii, 184; neglecta, 178;
nigriceps, 179; notabilis, 177;
ollifiana, 183; palmata, 186;
parryi, 183; satelles, 179; suc-
cinea, 178; suturata, 186; vicina,
184; wittei, 185; xanthopyga, 181.
Diaphorillas textilis, 432, 438.
Diceide, 435.
Diceropyga, 348.
Diceros plagiatus, 213.
Dictyidee, 447.
Dilochrosis, 136; atripennis, 150;
bakewelli, 151; balteata, I5%%
brouni, 149; frenchi, 151; rufo-
latera, 151; subfoveata, 151; tor-
rida, 150; walteri, 152.
Diplodactylus ciliaris, 441; elderi,
44].
Diporophora winneckei, 443.
Dissolcoides exsertus, 118.
Docoglossa, 365.
Dodd, Alan P., Australian Hymen-
optera Proctotftypoidea, 58.
Donations to the Library, 490.
Drassidee, 448.
Dromiceiide, 419.
Dromiceius nove-hollandie, 419.
Dryinide, 131.
Dystalica, 387.
Dytiscidee, 449.
Ecribellate, 448.
Ecripsis pubescens, 406.
Edquist, A. G. Exhibits: moth, 477;
fungi, 478, 480.
Egernia stokesii, 444; whitei, 444.
Elanus axillaris, 425.
Elateridz, 450.
Elseya melanops, 422.
Emarginula candida,
304.
Emblema picta, 437, 438.
Emeax sculpturatus, 406.
Encosmia cornuta, 543.
Encyalesthus tuberculiceps, 226.
Ennometes bifoveicollis, 254;
cornis, 253.
Eolophus roseicapillus, 427.
Eremophila neglecta, 469.
Erirhinides, 333.
363; dilecta,
rufi-
523
Essolithna mediofusca, 316; punct-
collis, 317.
Ethemaia, 323, 325; adusta, 325;
alternata, 327; griffithi, 325;
mirabilis, 326.
Eucarteria, 251; floralis, 252.
Euphorbiacee, 466.
Eupecila, 137; australasie, 153;
evanescens, 154; inscripta, 156; in-
tricata, 154; miskini, 155.
Eupterotide, 246, 458.
Eurostopodus, 428.
Eutherama, 405; cyaneum, 405.
Eutinophea variegata, 267.
Expedition into Interior, 407.
oa to Musgrave Ranges,
179,
Eyramytis goyderi, 432.
Falco longipennis, 425.
Falconide, 424.
Fasciolaria australasia,
formis, 362.
Fauna and Flora Protection Com-
mittee, Report of, 516.
Ferguson, Eustace W., Notes on the
Amycterides in the South Austra-
lian Museum, with Descriptions of
New Species, 11.
gield Naturalists’ Section,
and Balance-sheet of, 510.
Frankeniacez, 467.
Froggatt, W. W., Hymenoptera, 459.
Froggattoides, 356.
Fulica atra tasmanica, 421.
362; fusi-
Report
Gadinia angasi, 367.
Geana, 349.
Gasteropoda, Radule of some South
Australian, 362.
Geckonide, 441.
Gehyra variegata, 442.
Gentianacee, 467.
Geometride, 245, 458.
Geraniacee, 466.
Glareolide, 422.
Gliciphila albifrons, 436.
Glycyphana, 143: brunnipes, 197;
ochreonotata, 197; pulchar, 197.
Gnathocera dorsalis, 213.
Gonipterides, 318.
Gonocephalum costatum, 222.
Goodeniaceex, 470.
Grallina cyanoleuca, 433.
Graminee, 460.
Gryonella, 84; bruesi, 85; crawfordi,
Gymnorhina hypoleuca leuconota,
433; tibicens intermissa, 433, 438.
Gypoicitinia melanosterna, 425.
| Hadronotus flavicornis, 130;
fumo-
sus, 130; nigripes, 129.
Haliastur sphenurus, 425.
Hallornis cyanotus, 431.
Haloragidacese, 467.
Halorhynchus cecus, 343.
Heleus bimarginatus, 376; cyelifor-
mis, 377.
Helcioniscus limbatus, 365.
Helluarchus whitez, 451.
Hemipharis, 136; insularis, 148.
Hemipterous Insect from an Opos-
sum’s Nest, 53.
Henicopsaltria, 347.
Heterocera, 455.
Heteronota byncei, 441.
Hieraztus morphnoides, 425.
Hinulia fasciolata, 444; lesueurii,.
444.
Hirundinide, 428.
Hirundo neoxena, 428.
Histeride, 250, 449.
Homolepida branchialis, 444.
Hoplogryon, Table of Species, 78;
bicolor, 76; pulchrithorax, 18;
punctata, 771; rufithorax, 7;
rugulosa, 77; sordida, 16; vari-
cornis, 75.
Howchin, Walter, The Occurrence
of the Genus Cryptozo6n in the (7?)
Cambrian of Australia, 1; con-’
gratulations to, 476. Exhibits:
belemnites, 476; Cambrian fossils.
478; raised-beach material, 482.
Hyla gilleni, 446.
| Hylobiides, 333.
Hymenoptera, 459.
Hypheria, 323.
Hypoleucus varius hypoleucus, 424.
Teracidea berigora, 426.
Insecta, 448.
Jassopsaltria, 350; rufifacies, 350.
| Kobonga, 351; castanea, 551.
Labiate, 468.
Lacertilia, 440.
Lagenoplastes ariel, 428.
Lagynodes flavus, 94.
Lalage tricolor, 430, 439.
Laniide, 433.
Lea, Arthur M., Notes on Austra-
lian Cetonides, with a List of
Species and Descriptions of some
- New Ones, 132; Notes on_Miscel-
laneous Coleoptera, with Descrip-
tions of New Species, 249;
Stomach Contents of Birds, 439;
Insecta, 488. Exhibits: tnsects,
475, 477, 479, 480, 481, 482;
scorpion, 477.
524
Leggeornis lamberti morgani, 432.
Leguminose, 465.
Leipoa ocellata
Lembeja, 356.
Lemodes ceruleiventris, 259; tumidi-
pennis, 259.
Lenosoma, 143;
fulgens, 196.
Lepidoptera, 455; from Melville and
Bathurst Islands, 245.
Leptolophus auricomis, 427.
Leptops recurvus, 294; rhizophagus,
295; robustus, 294.
Leptopsides, 294.
Leucocirea tricolor, 429.
Leucospiza nove-hollandie, 424.
Lialis burtonii, 442.
Library, Donations to the, 490
Lichenostomus kertlandi, 4356, 440;
plumulus ethele, 436.
Licinoma, 390; Table of Species,
591; angusticollis, 591; cyclocollts,
392; gtlesi, 392; sylvicola, 391.
Limacodide, 246, 458.
Limnodynastes ornatus, 446.
Liocranide, 448.
List of Fellows, Members, etc., 507.
Lomaptera, 135; acanthopyga, 148;
aurata, 213; australis, 147; cinna-
momea, 146; deyrollei, 146; dubou-
rosine, 420.
197 ;
fasciculatum,
layi, 146; hackeri, 147; macro-
sticta, 148; pulchripes, 145; pyg-
meea, 145; yorkiana, 144: wallis-
nian, IWS
Lophochroa leadbeateri, 427.
Lophoictinia isura, 425.
Lophophaps plumifera leucogaster,
420.
Lophostoma, 142.
Loranthacee, 462.
Lucanide, 251, 450.
Lucapinella oblonga, 363.
Lyceenide, 455.
Lycoside, 448.
Lygocerus australicus, 90; splendi-
dus, 90.
Lymantriade, 245, 457.
Lyraphora, 139; bassii, 166; obli-
quata, 165; velutina, 166; vette-
varia, 166.
Macroperas, 393; antennalis, 394.
Macroteleia australica, 129; setosa,
128; wnicolor. 128; varicornis, 127.
Macrotristria, 347; maculico/lis, 347;
vulpina, 348.
Malacological Section,
Balance-sheet of, 519.
Malacorhynchus membranaceus, 424.
Mallateleia ashmeadi, 124.
Malurus melanotus callainus, 431.
Malvacee, 466.
Report and
Mammalia, 418.
Mandalotus, 297; Table of Species,
298; abdominalis, 310; advenus,
304; angustus, 311; blackmorei,
505; carteri, 3505; ciliatus, 310;
decipiens, 3806; ferrugineus, 308;
glaber, 303; Jatens, 305; Jlutosus,
506; minutus, 308; niger, 305;
punctiventris, 304; rufimanus, 312;
squalidus, 307; transversus, 309.
Mardalana fumea, 351.
Marsileacee, 460.
Marsupialia, 418.
Mathewsia rubicunda, 422.
Matthews, E. H.,, Mollusca, 446.
Mawson, Welcome to Dr., 476.
Medicasta, 323, 331.
Megapodiide, 420.
Megaspilus australicus, 89.
Megatebennus concatenatus, 363.
Melampsalta adelaida, 354; apicata,
502; subglusa, 354; tigris, 352.
Melanodryas cucullata vigorsi, 429.
Meliphaga sonora, 436.
Meliphagide, 435.
Melithreptus gularis leteor, 435, 440.
Melopsittacus undulatus, 427.
Meropide, 428.
Mesocarbo ater, 424.
Mesomorphus Jeaz, 221.
Metallesthes, 142; metallescens, 188;
subpilosa, 189
Micrartamus minor, 432.
Micropecila, 139: cincta,
melancholica, 172.
Microteleia pulchripennis, 122.
Microtribonyx ventralis whitei, 421.
Microvalgus, 144; Table of Species,
200; apicalis, 204; bursarie. 208;
castaneipennis, 203; dubius, 210;
fasciculatus, 210: glaber, 205;
lapeyrousei, 201; mucronatus, 205;
nigriceps, 211; - nigrinus, | 20Ge
obscuripennis, 210; quinquedenta-
tus, 211; rufipennis, 207; scutel-
laris, 202: squamiventris, 205;
vagans, 209; yilgarnensis, 203.
Milvus korschun affinis, 425.
Minolia preissiana, 365,
Mirobeoides, 74; tasmanicus, 74.
Mirobeus, 73; bicolor, 74.
lyfe 2
Misophrice, 333: Oblackburni. 339;
brevisetosa, $40: clathrata, 337;
dubia, 341: gloriosa, 333; incon-
stans, 342; insularis, 338: munda,
335; nigripes, 336; parallela, 336;
rufiventris, 340; setulosa, 4556;
soror, 839; squamibunda, 336;
squamiventris, 337; tuberculata,
337; variabilis, 334; vicina, 334.
Mollusca, 446.
Moloch horridus, 443.
Molytides, 318.
Morganornis superciliosus, 430, 489.
525
Motacillidz, 437.
Moths from Melville and Bathurst
Islands, 245.
Muride, 418.
Mus hermannsburgensis, 418.
Muscicapide, 429.
Myarda, 323.
Myllocerus, 268; Table of Species,
269; acutidens, 281; angustibasis,
288; armipectus, 292; aurifex, 274;
blackburni, 276; ceratorhinus, 281;
confinis, 280; constricticollis, 287;
cyrtops, 290; doddi, 282; exilis,
274; fieldi, 275; foveiceps, 273;
fugitivus, 279; griseus, 284; halli,
291; intercoxalis, 278; Jlatibasis,
275; longus, 282; mastersi, 274;
melvillensis, 285; minusculus, 286;
modestus, 273- nigrovarius, 289;
pollux) 274: prosternalis, 277;
setistriatus, 283; speciosus, 274;
squamicornis, 289; subrostralis,
2905) taylori,, (21D; “tibialis, 284 ;
tristis, 277; varius, 286.
Myola pacifica, 423.
Myoporacee, 468.
Myrtacee, 467.
Myzantha flavigula, 437, 440.
‘Nacaduba biocellata, 455.
Narrative of Expedition, 407.
Neoclithria, 138; eburneoguttata, 160.
Neositta pileata tenuirostris, 434, 440.
Neotelenomus eximius, 121; magni-
clavatus, 122.
Nephiliide, 448.
Nephrurus levis, 441.
Noctuide, 245, 456.
Notofaleco subniger, 426.
Notonophes cichlodes, 18.
Notophoyx nove-hollandie, 423.
Notoryctes typhlops, 418.
Nycticorax caledonicus, 423.
Nyctinomus australis, 418.
Nyroca australis, 424.
Ocyphaps lophotes, 421.
Odontacolus australicus, 72.
Ononyctus, 3582; sulcatus, 383.
Onosterrhus kennedyi, 378.
Onotrichus minor, 384.
Ophidia, 445.
Ophryota, 323; nodosa, 330; rapax,
351; squamibunda, 330.
‘Opisthacantha australica, 127.
Orchidaceous Plants, 359; of South
Australia, 289.
Orcopagia regularis, 223.
Oreoica cristata, 433, 439.
Orthorrhinus bicolor, 333.
Otidide, 422.
‘Otiorhynchides, 268.
Oxyopide, 448.
Oxyops hyperoides, 318: obscura, 318 ;
pallida, 318.
Palemon ornatus, 447.
Palestra rubripennis, 261.
Palimbolus femoralis, 249.
Panglaphyra duboulayi, 212.
Pantoreites arctatus, 319; trivirgatus,
319.
Paragryon gracilipennis, 83.
Paragudanga, 350.
Parasa rutila, 458.
Pardalotinus striatus subaffinis, 435,
438.
Pardalotus rubricatus, 435, 440.
Parepthianura tricolor, 430, 439.
Paridis tridentata nigripes, 125.
Parnkalla, 350.
Patella aculeata, 365; ustulata, 365.
Pauropsalta, 355; bellatriz, 355;
lineola, 357.
Pelecanide, 424.
Pentacantha australica, 82.
Peritalaurinus macrocephalus, 18.
Phalacrocoracide, 424.
Phalacrocorax carbo, 424.
Phanurus Ailli, 119.
Phaps chalcoptera, 420.
Phasianella australis, 364.
Phasianotrochus irisodontes, 564.
Physa gibbosa, 446.
Physignathus longirostris, 443.
Phytolaccacer, 464.
Pieride, 455.
Pisces, 446.
Pittosporaceee, 464.
Plastogryon flavipes, 125; nigriceps,
125; rufithorax, 125 wunicolor, 125.
Platibis flavipes, 422.
Platycilibe bicolor, 225.
Platypleura, 346.
Platypterocis, 331; paradoxus, 332.
Plegadidee, 422.
Ploceidee, 437.
Podargide, 427.
Podargus strigoides, 427.
Podicipide, 3
Peecilopharis, 137;
Polygonacee, 462.
Polyphrades basirostris, 314; collaris,
314; crassicornis, 313; insignipen-
nis, 512; marmoratus, 315.
Polyplocotes ovipennis, 256.
Polystigma, 138; calopyga, 162;
octopunctata, 160; punctata, 161.
Pomatostomus temporalis rubeculus,
430.
Poodytes gramineus dubius, 431.
Porphyrio melanotus, 421.
Portulacacez, 464.
Prasophyllum intricatum, 232
Prionopide, 432.
Proceedings, Abstract of, 475.
emilia, 153.
Promethis opaca, 586.
Protetia, 143; advena, 198; manda-
rinea, 198.
Proteacer, 462.
Psalidura abnormis, 15; approxi-
mata, 11; assimilis, 13; brevicauda,
25; caudata, 12; costipennis, 11;
coxi, 11; elongata, 12; flavescens,
26; flavosetosa, 12; flavovaria, 12;
forficulata, 11; frenchi, 12; gran-
dis, 12; mirabunda, 12: miracula,
id perlata, W6- ereticulatay lay
squamigera, 12; sulcipennis, 13.
Psaltoda, 346.
Pselaphide, 249.
Psephotus varius rosine, 427.
Pseudartamus cyanopterus, 432.
Pseudechis australis,
Pseudobeeus rufus, 72; splendidus,
73.
Pseudoclithria, 143; adusta, 190;
ancworalis, 192+.) deqectam Gir:
erythroptera, 193; fossor, 194;
hirticeps, 189;
mastersi, 189;
cornis, 190; rugosa, 190.
Pseudonotonophes lemnus, 18.
Pseudostrongylium viridipenne, 233.
Psophiide, 422.
Psychide, 246.
kershawi, 193;
Pteroheleus cylindricus, 373; denti-
collis, 371; opacus, 374; rubescens,
572; vestitus, 375.
Pterophoride, 246.
Pteropodocys maxima, 429.
Pterostylis Mitchelli, 242; squamata,
240; Vereene, 360.
Ptilonorhynchidez, 437.
Ptilotula penicillata leilavalensis, 436,
440.
Ptinide, 256.
Pulleine, R. H., Arachnida, 447.
Exhibits: photographs and spiders,
478; spiders, 483.
Pyralide, 246, 458.
Pyrochroide, 259.
Pyrrholemus brunneus, 431.
Quintilia, 350.
Rachigiossa, 562.
Radule of Gasteropoda, 362.
Rallide, 421.
Randall, W. G., Lecture on Oysters,
478.
Rhipidoceride, 253.
Rhipidoglossa, 363.
Rhizobius noctuabundus, 454.
Rhodona gerrardii, 444.
Rhopalocera, 455.
Rieliomorpha mantis, 123.
maura, 190; rufi-
526
Rogers, R. S., Additions to the Or-
chidaceous Plants of South Aus-
tralia, 239; Additions to Austra-
lian Orchidaceous Plants, 359.
Salticidee, 448.
Samuela cinnamomea, 430.
Saragus substriatus, 378.
Scaphella nodiplicata, 484.
Scarabeide, 253, 450.
Scelionide, 58, 118, 122.
Schizorrhina, 138 ; ‘atropunctata, 1165.=
ebenina, 213; immaculata, 165.
Sclerorinus acuminatus, 19: ade-
laide, 18; albovittatus, 36; alpi-
cola, 38; angustipennis, 21; asper,.
19; biordinatus, 22;
37; bubalus, 24; convexus, 20;
dilaticollis, 25; elderi, 21; exilis,
22; germari, 93; horridus, 25;
blackburn,
howitti, 19; inconstans, 23; in-
signis, 20 : irregularis, 19;
longus, 2ee molestus, oR
molossus, 21; macronipennis, 30;
neglectus, 33; noctis, 20; oblitera-
tus, 19; occidentalis, 22; parvulus,
25; pilularius, 23; regularis, 34;
riverine, 24; sabulosus, 22; sordi-
dus, 18; spenceri, 20; stewarti,
23 ; subcostatus, 24; sublineatus, 23 ;
tristis, 19; tuberculosus, 205 vesti-
tus, 99; vittatus, 18; waterhousei,
18.
Scrophulariacee, 468.
Seirotrana foliata, 403;
anes
Settide, 434,
Siphonaria baconi, 367; diemenensis,
Siphonarioidea, 366.
Sitarida hopei, 259; quwadriloba, 261;
scabriceps, 260.
Smicrornis brevirostris
429.
Solanaceze, 468.
®parasion nigricoxa, 123.
Sparasside, 448.
Spatula rhynchotis, 423.
Sphenostoma cristatum, 434.
Sphingide, 245, 458.
Spiloglaux boobook marmorata, 426.
Spilopyra stirlingi, 344.
Staphylinide, 449.
Stenocorynus subfasciatus, 296; vari-
abilis, 296.
Sterculiaceze, 467.
Stictopeleia ‘cuneata, 420.
Stigmatops indistincta, 436.
Stiltia isabella, 422
subcancel-
flavescens,.
Stirling, E. C. Exhibits: fossils
' from Lake Callabonna, 476.
Stokes, H. G. Exhibits: radio-
active ores, 481, 482
Stomach Contents of Birds, 439.
Stratigraphy of Conn Australia,
41.
Strigide, 426.
Stromatopora, 2.
Strongylium fuscovestitum, 232;
macleayi, 253; mastersi, 233; reti-
culatum, 233.
Styrus revolutus, 381.
Syarbis ewcalypti, 320; pulchellus,
319.
Sylviide, 431.
Synomus, 292; inconspicuus, 293;
0 vipenn 1s, 295.
Tachybaptus ruficollis nove-hollan-
diz, 422.
Tenioglossa, 362.
Teniopygia castanotis, 437.
Talaurinus equalis, 15, 16 -alter-
nans, 17; ambiguus, 15; angularis,
15; apicihirtus, 14; brevior, 20 ;
bubaroides, 31; bucephalus, 17;
carinatifrons, 29; carinatus, 18;
caviceps, 17; crassiceps, 15; fla-
veolus, 26; halmaturinus, 30;
helmsi, 15, 16; howitti, 13; imita-
tor, 15; impressicollis, 17; incanes-
cans, Lo; inconspicuus, 14;
kirbyi, 18; maculipennis, 14,
26; M-elevatus, 17; -. niveovit-
tatus, 18; obscurus, 20 ; penicilla-
tus, 13; plagiatus. 28; prosternalis,
29; prypnoides, 15; pulverulentus,
14, 29; regularis, 15. 16; riverine,
1d. rupees: ) 15; rugifer,. 17;
scapularis, 15; septentrionalis, 14;
simplicipes, 13; solidus, 15; spini-
ger, 52; squamosus, 14; strangula-
tus, 14; tenebricosus, 13; tomen-
tosus, 13; tuberculatus, 17; tumu-
losus, 17; typicus, 17.
"Tamasa, 349.
Tapinoschema, 142; digglesi,
impar, 187; lacunosa, 188.
Teleasine, 74; Table of Species,
Teenonaines., 118.
‘Telenomus oazes, 120:
orontes, 120; ossa, 119
mus, 121.
Tenebrionide, Notes on, 219, 369;
257, 450; Additional localities, 219;
Synonymy, 221.
Tepper, J. G. O. Exhibits: cal-
pane rock, 479; pineapple opal,
80.
Terapon truttaceus, 446.
Terias smilax, 455.
Territellariz, 447.
Tettigarcta, 357.
Tettigia, 349; hilli, 357.
Thaumastopsaltria, 351.
‘Theridiide, 448.
187;
f(s,
ocnus, 120-
~ulcherrt-
527
|
Thersites perinflata, 446: silveri, 446.
Thomiside, :
Thopha, 346.
Thymelzacez, 467.
Thyridide, 246.
Tiliqua occipitalis, 444.
Timeliide, 430.
Tineide, 246, 459.
Torr, Claude M., Radule of some
South Australian Gasteropoda,
362.
Tortricide, 246.
Trichaulax, 138 ; concinna, 164;
marginipennis, 165; philipsii, 163.
Trichinium whitei, 464.
Trichulodés, 223; punctatus, 224.
Trimorus, Table of Species, 82;
assimilis, 79; australis, 719; myma-
ripennis, 81; niger, 79; nigrellus,
81; nigripes, 79; pulcherrimus,
80; speciosus, 80.
Trophon flindersi, 362.
Turdide, 430.
Turner, A. Jefferis, On some Moths
from Melville and Bathurst Is-
lands in the South Australian
Museum, 245; Heterocera, 455.
Tympanocryptis cephalus, 443; line-
ata, 443.
Tyrtzosus simulator, 343.
Tyto alba delicatula,*426.
Tytonide, 426.
467.
longipennis,
Umbelifere,
Urabunana,
linea, 356.
Uraniade, 246.
Uroetus audax, 425.
Urospiza fasciata, 425.
Urtiacez, 461.
356; rufi-
Varanus giganteus, 443; gilleni. 444;
gouldii, 443; punctatus, 444.
Venustria, 3549.
Verbenaceer, 468.
Verco, J. C. Exhibit: Book on
Shells, 477. Notes on Altivasum
flindersi and Scaphella nodipli-
cata, 484.
Vesperugo pumilus, 418.
Virago gibberifrons, 423.
Waite, Edgar R., Notes on Central
Australian Mammalia, 418;
Ophidia, Amphibia, and Pisces,
445. Exhibit: cast of poisonous
lizard, 480.
Ward, L. Keith,
of Water, 473.
Waterhouse, G. A., Rhopalocera, 455.
Notes on Analyses
White, S. A., Excursion to Interior,
407. Exhibits: birds, 475, 480, 482,
485; plants, 476; book on birds,
477; reptiles, 480; sea-shell, 480.
Whiteornis goodenovil, 429, 439.
Xenomerus dubius, 84;
84; varipes, 88.
flavicornis,
Zephryne, 323, 324.
Zeuzeride, 246.
528
Zietz, BR, + Ri, aeemalia. 440:
Exhibits: birds, 475, 480; reptiles,
477, 479, 480, 482; birds’ eggs, 480.
Zodariide, 448.
Zonitis, 262; bizonata, 262; cowleyi,
263; hakeew, 263; melanoptera,
264; metasternalis, 266: nigroter-
minulis, 265; pallicolor, 263; pictz-
cornis, 265; splendida, 263.
Zygophyllacez, 466.
: Vol. XAAVETT,, Plate: t,
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C O N T E N T S. pier 4
Page.
Howonin, W.: The Occurience of the Genus Oryptozoén in
the (?) Cambrian of Australia. Platesi. tov. .
Frereuson, E. W.: Notes on the Amycterides in the South
pe ate! Museum, with imi eas of New ba gic 3
art 1 ;
Cuewines, Dr. ‘C.: Notes on the Stratigraphy of “Central i
Australia. (Communicated by Walter Howchin.) 41
BrererotH, Dr. E.: On an Hemipterous Insect from an Aus-
. tralian Opossum’ s Nest. (Communicated by A. M. Lea.) 53
Dopp, A. P.: Australian Hymenoptera Esc aes
No. 2. (Communicated by A. M. Lea 58
Lea, A. M.:. Notes on Australian Cetonides ; with a ‘List of .
Species and ; Deeoraee of New Species. Plates. vi. to .
Kit. 3 “a ... 132
Carter, H. J: ~ Notes on ‘enannoniie in the South Aus-
tralian Museum, collected by A. M. Lea, with
Descriptions of New S pecies_ 219
Rogers, Dr. R. S.: Aadition: to the Ouchi oodee Plants of :
South Australia. Plates xiv. and xv. 239
TurneR, Dr. A. J.: On some Moths from Melville and
Bathurst Islands in the South Australian Museum wv 245
Lea, A. M.: Notes on some Miscellaneous Coleoptera, with
Descriptions of New Species. Plate xvi. ... 249.
Asuton, H.: Catalogue of the Cicadide in the South Aus-
tralian Museum, with Descriptions of New Species.
Plate xvii. (Commanicated by A. M. Lea.) 345
Rogrrs, Dr. R. S.: Additions to Australian Orebidacsont!
Plants: Plate -xvin. ~<: 359
Torr, C. M.: Radule of some South Australian Gasteropoda. ao
Plates xix and xx. (Communicated by Dr. J. C. Verco.) 362
_ Carrer, H. J.: Notes on Australian hs athe with |
Descriptions of New, Species ... 369
Waite, S. A., and Others: Scientific Notés on an Expedition
into the Interior of Australia, carried out by. Cones
S. White. Plates xxi. to xxxix. and Map =
a Narrative, by_S. A. Wurtr . ae “a AO7
(6) Mammalia, by B. R. Warre.. 3 ys Sor aes
(c) Aves, by S. A. Wuitr pa 5 5)
(d) Stomach Contents of Birds, by A. M. Lea 439
(e) Lacertilia, by F. R. Zrerz ... : 440
(f) Ovhidia, Amphibia, and Pisces, by Re “Warns 445
(gq) Mollusca, by E. H. MarrHews 446
(h) Crustacea, by. W. H. Baker 446
(i) Arachnida, by R. H. Punters: 447.
(7) Insecta :—
Coleoptera, by A. M. Lea - 448
Lepidoptera : — =
ee Rhopalocera, by G. A. WatERHOUSE 455
Oe ee gre Heterocera, by Dr. g ae “TURNER «.. 455
By ea ce Hymenoptera, by W. W. Froaeatr 459
fad k) Botany, by J. M. Brack... : 460
(l) Analyses ‘of Samples of Water from Bores ‘anal ©
Springs, Great Australian Artesian Basin, by
W. S. Cuapman; with Notes on phe s same, by ae
L. K. Warp 58 a sages A472
ABSTRACT OF PROCEEDINGS A75
ANNUAL REPORT — = pe oes ee tee ea
BALANCE-SHEETS : ate Sit had ame ae ae 488, 489
Donations To LIBRARY A490
List oF FELLOWS, ETC. 507
APPENDICES—
Field Naturalists’ Reation: Aaeal Report, ete.
Twenty-sixth Annual Report of the Native Fauna ‘and
Flora Protection Committee of the Field aera
Section of the Royal Society Sf
Malacological Section : nang Report, tery 2
INDEX ae Soe Se ES - Mes Me
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